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Faraj C, Laasri K, Essetti S, Harras YE, Allali N, Haddad SE, Chat L, Aqqaoui L, Hosni S, Ettayebi F. Hydatid cyst of the humerus presenting as a suspicious lesion: A rare case report and review of literature. Radiol Case Rep 2024; 19:4526-4530. [PMID: 39188621 PMCID: PMC11345128 DOI: 10.1016/j.radcr.2024.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2024] [Revised: 07/04/2024] [Accepted: 07/05/2024] [Indexed: 08/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Hydatidosis is a parasitic disease caused by the tapeworm Echinococcus. Echinococcus Granulosus is the most common cause of hydatid disease in humans. Bone involvement is rare, accounting for only 0.9% to 2.5% of all cases. We report the case of an 8-year-old child admitted with right arm pain, revealing a hydatid cyst on the humerus. Lesion assessment revealed a hydatid cyst of the humerus with extension to the adjacent soft tissues. The surgical procedure involved the excision of the cyst along with drainage. In this case report, we review the epidemiological, clinical, and paraclinical aspects of the disease, as well as the treatment modalities. Bone hydatid disease is infiltrative, diffuse, slow, and progressive, making diagnosis late, and compromising the quality of treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaymae Faraj
- Pediatric Radiology Department, Children's Hospital, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Khadija Laasri
- Pediatric Radiology Department, Children's Hospital, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Sara Essetti
- Pediatric Radiology Department, Children's Hospital, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Yahya El Harras
- Pediatric Radiology Department, Children's Hospital, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Nazik Allali
- Pediatric Radiology Department, Children's Hospital, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Siham El Haddad
- Pediatric Radiology Department, Children's Hospital, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Latifa Chat
- Pediatric Radiology Department, Children's Hospital, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Loubna Aqqaoui
- Pediatric Surgery Department, Children's Hospital, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Sarah Hosni
- Pediatric Surgery Department, Children's Hospital, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Fouad Ettayebi
- Pediatric Surgery Department, Children's Hospital, Mohammed V University, Rabat, Morocco
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Robers S, Reinehr M, Haibach L, Furrer E, Cincera A, Kronenberg PA, Eichenberger RM, Deplazes P, Deibel A, Müllhaupt B, Weber A. Histopathological assessment of the viability of hepatic alveolar echinococcosis. Histopathology 2024. [PMID: 39044671 DOI: 10.1111/his.15280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/30/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
AIMS Infections by the larval stage of the tape worms Echinococcus multilocularis and Echinococcus granulosus s.l. are potentially fatal zoonoses affecting humans as dead-end hosts. Histopathological evaluation of hepatic echinococcosis is an integral part of patient management, including the distinction between alveolar (AE) and cystic echinococcosis (CE), which are associated with different disease courses and treatments. To improve histopathological assessment of Echinococcus lesions, we aimed to develop robust criteria to evaluate their viability and decay. METHODS AND RESULTS Histomorphological criteria for determining parasitic viability based on the morphology of parasite structures and different stages of their decay were defined based on a clinically and molecularly defined cohort comprising 138 specimens from 112 patients (59 AE and 53 CE); 618 AE lesions were assessed for histopathological viability comparing haematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining with mAbEm18 and mAbEm2G11 immunostaining. Moreover, parasite viability was systematically mapped in cross-sections of five additional AE lesions. Protoscoleces in CE and AE displayed variable states of degeneration. Albendazole had no significant effect on the morphology of parasite structures. Viability assessment revealed high agreement between H&E and mAbEm18, but not mAbEm2G11 staining, suggesting mAbEm18 staining as reliable for parasite viability assessment. H&E and mAbEm18 staining displayed a central-peripheral gradient of parasite viability and decay across parasitic lesions, with decayed cystic lesions located more towards the lesion centre while the most viable cystic lesions were located more peripherally. CONCLUSIONS Histopathological criteria corroborated by mAbEm18 staining provide a simple and reliable tool to assess the viability of AE lesions, knowledge of which is a valuable decision-making tool for further treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selina Robers
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University of Zurich (UZH) and University Hospital Zurich (USZ), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Michael Reinehr
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University of Zurich (UZH) and University Hospital Zurich (USZ), Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Lillemor Haibach
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Eva Furrer
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Annina Cincera
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Philipp Andreas Kronenberg
- Vetsuisse and Medical Faculty, Institute of Parasitology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Medical Micro- and Molecular Biology, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Zurich University of Applied Sciences (ZHAW), Wädenswil, Switzerland
| | - Ramon Marc Eichenberger
- Vetsuisse and Medical Faculty, Institute of Parasitology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Medical Micro- and Molecular Biology, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Zurich University of Applied Sciences, Zurich University of Applied Sciences (ZHAW), Wädenswil, Switzerland
| | - Peter Deplazes
- Vetsuisse and Medical Faculty, Institute of Parasitology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, University of Zurich and University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Ansgar Deibel
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, University of Zurich and University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Beat Müllhaupt
- Department of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, University of Zurich and University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Achim Weber
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University of Zurich (UZH) and University Hospital Zurich (USZ), Zurich, Switzerland
- Institute of Molecular Cancer Research, University of Zurich (UZH), Zurich, Switzerland
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Santucciu C, Peruzzu A, Fara AM, Cossu A, Kronenberg PA, Deplazes P, Masala G. Immunohistochemistry as a Reliable Tool for the Diagnosis of Cystic Echinococcosis in Patients from Sardinia, Italy-A Confirmatory Study. Diseases 2024; 12:84. [PMID: 38785739 PMCID: PMC11119186 DOI: 10.3390/diseases12050084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2024] [Revised: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Cystic Echinococcosis (CE) is a zoonotic disease caused by the larval stage of the tapeworm Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato (s.l.). This study aims to investigate the use of two monoclonal antibodies (mAbEmG3 and mAbEm2G11) by immunohistochemistry (IHC) to confirm the diagnosis of CE in human patients, in particular in those cases in which other techniques fail to provide a correct or conclusive diagnosis. For this purpose, a survey on 13 patients was performed. These subjects were referred to Sardinian hospitals (Italy) from 2017 to 2022 and were suspected to be affected by CE. Our findings from these 13 patients showed the detection of E. granulosus sensu stricto by IHC in 12 of 13 echinococcal cysts, as one sample was of a non-parasitological origin. The results confirmed that IHC, by means of the mAbEmG3 and mAbEm2G11, is a reliable diagnostic tool that showed a very high performances when tested on strain of E. granulosus s.l. from Sardinia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cinzia Santucciu
- WOAH and National Reference Laboratory for Echinococcosis, Animal Health, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sardegna, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.P.); (G.M.)
| | - Angela Peruzzu
- WOAH and National Reference Laboratory for Echinococcosis, Animal Health, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sardegna, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.P.); (G.M.)
| | - Antonella Maria Fara
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Pathology, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.M.F.); (A.C.)
| | - Antonio Cossu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Pathology, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.M.F.); (A.C.)
| | - Philipp A. Kronenberg
- Institute of Parasitology, Vetsuisse and Medical Faculty, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland; (P.A.K.); (P.D.)
- Medical Micro- and Molecular Biology, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Zurich University of Applied Sciences (ZHAW), 8820 Wädenswil, Switzerland
| | - Peter Deplazes
- Institute of Parasitology, Vetsuisse and Medical Faculty, University of Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland; (P.A.K.); (P.D.)
- Clinics of Hepatology and Gastroenterology, University Hospital Zurich, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Giovanna Masala
- WOAH and National Reference Laboratory for Echinococcosis, Animal Health, Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Sardegna, 07100 Sassari, Italy; (A.P.); (G.M.)
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Hager J, Sergi CM. Pediatric Echinococcosis of the Liver in Austria: Clinical and Therapeutical Considerations. Diagnostics (Basel) 2023; 13:diagnostics13071343. [PMID: 37046561 PMCID: PMC10093495 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13071343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Echinococcosis is considered a neglected disease in most European countries. However, migratory flows of populations, long-term stays in endemic areas, uninterrupted tourism (travel to Echinococcus-endemic countries), traveling dogs and dog translocations from endemic areas, and inappropriate hygiene practices are potential factors that alarm public health officials. Identifying a cyst-like mass in the liver or lung of an individual with a travel history of likely exposure to sheepdogs in an area where the parasite Echinococcus (E.) granulosus (sive cysticus) is endemic advocates for a prompt preliminary diagnosis of cystic echinococcosis (CE), no matter the age of the affected individuals. Routine imaging techniques, including ultrasonography, computed tomography (CT) scans, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans, are used to detect cysts. After a cyst has been discovered, serologic investigations are used to confirm the diagnosis. Typically, alveolar echinococcosis (AE) is found in older individuals. Yet young people are also affected because frequent oral exploration of the environment is a regular behavior for infants and toddlers. In this review, therapeutic considerations for pediatric echinococcosis—drug-based benzimidazole therapy; AE: atypical liver resection, the resection of individual or multiple segments, a right or left hemi-hepatectomy, or an extended hemi-hepatectomy; CE: PAIR-technique, cyst excision, liver segment(s) resection (laparoscopically or conventionally)—are revised following experience in one of the most affected regions of Europe. In addition, we performed a systematic review using three databases (i.e., PubMed, EMBASE, and Scopus) to evaluate the quality of evidence in published studies on pediatric echinococcosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josef Hager
- Pediatric Surgery, University Clinic of Surgery, Medical University, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Consolato M. Sergi
- Anatomic Pathology Division, Children’s Hospital of Eastern Ontario (CHEO), University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Alberta, 8440 112 St, Edmonton, AB T6G 2B7, Canada
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Wang X, Huang J, Su L, Ma Q, Ma C, Xie Z. Complete excision of giant clavicular hydatid cyst: a case report. BMC Infect Dis 2023; 23:178. [PMID: 36949399 PMCID: PMC10035111 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-023-08149-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Echinococcosis, also known as hydatid disease, is a zoonotic parasitic disease prevalent in pastoral areas, mainly involving the liver and lungs, and less frequently the bones and surrounding soft tissues. Diagnosis and treatment of bone hydatid disease is a challenge, and because of the insidious course of the disease, the lesions are often widely disseminated by the time patients seek medical attention. CASE PRESENTATION A 29-year-old woman presented with a painless mass that was gradually increasing in size in the cervical thorax. Imaging revealed an enlarged clavicle with multiple bone cortical defects and the existence of cysts in the soft tissues surrounding the clavicle, for which complete excision of the clavicle and the attached cysts was performed. There was no recurrence of the cyst within one year after the operation, and the patient felt well and had normal shoulder joint movement. CONCLUSIONS Bone hydatid may appear in bones throughout the body, and cysts that leak from the bone into the surrounding soft tissues may spread at a relatively rapid rate. Prompt surgical removal of the affected bone and surrounding cysts is necessary for treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Wang
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China.
- Key Laboratory of High Incidence Disease Research in Xingjiang (Xinjiang Medical University), Ministry of Education, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China.
- Xinjiang Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China.
| | - Jinyong Huang
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Liping Su
- Department of Pathologyathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Qian Ma
- Department of Pathologyathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Chao Ma
- Department of Orthopaedics, the Fourth Clinical Medical College of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China
| | - Zengru Xie
- Department of Orthopedics and Trauma, the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China.
- Key Laboratory of High Incidence Disease Research in Xingjiang (Xinjiang Medical University), Ministry of Education, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China.
- Xinjiang Clinical Research Center for Orthopedics, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi, Xinjiang, China.
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Kaethner M, Epping K, Bernthaler P, Rudolf K, Thomann I, Leitschuh N, Bergmann M, Spiliotis M, Koziol U, Brehm K. Transforming growth factor-β signalling regulates protoscolex formation in the Echinococcus multilocularis metacestode. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1153117. [PMID: 37033489 PMCID: PMC10073696 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1153117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/11/2023] Open
Abstract
The lethal zoonosis alveolar echinococcosis (AE) is caused by tumor-like, infiltrative growth of the metacestode larval stage of the tapeworm Echinococcus multilocularis. We previously showed that the metacestode is composed of posteriorized tissue and that the production of the subsequent larval stage, the protoscolex, depends on re-establishment of anterior identities within the metacestode germinative layer. It is, however, unclear so far how protoscolex differentiation in Echinococcus is regulated. We herein characterized the full complement of E. multilocularis TGFβ/BMP receptors, which is composed of one type II and three type I receptor serine/threonine kinases. Functional analyzes showed that all Echinococcus TGFβ/BMP receptors are enzymatically active and respond to host derived TGFβ/BMP ligands for activating downstream Smad transcription factors. In situ hybridization experiments demonstrated that the Echinococcus TGFβ/BMP receptors are mainly expressed by nerve and muscle cells within the germinative layer and in developing brood capsules. Interestingly, the production of brood capsules, which later give rise to protoscoleces, was strongly suppressed in the presence of inhibitors directed against TGFβ/BMP receptors, whereas protoscolex differentiation was accelerated in response to host BMP2 and TGFβ. Apart from being responsive to host TGFβ/BMP ligands, protoscolex production also correlated with the expression of a parasite-derived TGFβ-like ligand, EmACT, which is expressed in early brood capsules and which is strongly expressed in anterior domains during protoscolex development. Taken together, these data indicate an important role of TGFβ/BMP signalling in Echinococcus anterior pole formation and protoscolex development. Since TGFβ is accumulating around metacestode lesions at later stages of the infection, the host immune response could thus serve as a signal by which the parasite senses the time point at which protoscoleces must be produced. Overall, our data shed new light on molecular mechanisms of host-parasite interaction during AE and are relevant for the development of novel treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Kaethner
- Consultant Laboratory for Echinococcosis, Institute of Hygiene and Microbiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Kerstin Epping
- Consultant Laboratory for Echinococcosis, Institute of Hygiene and Microbiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Peter Bernthaler
- Consultant Laboratory for Echinococcosis, Institute of Hygiene and Microbiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Kilian Rudolf
- Consultant Laboratory for Echinococcosis, Institute of Hygiene and Microbiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Irena Thomann
- Consultant Laboratory for Echinococcosis, Institute of Hygiene and Microbiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Nadine Leitschuh
- Consultant Laboratory for Echinococcosis, Institute of Hygiene and Microbiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Biotechnology, Department of Food Technology, Fulda University of Applied Sciences, Fulda, Germany
| | - Monika Bergmann
- Consultant Laboratory for Echinococcosis, Institute of Hygiene and Microbiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Markus Spiliotis
- Consultant Laboratory for Echinococcosis, Institute of Hygiene and Microbiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Uriel Koziol
- Consultant Laboratory for Echinococcosis, Institute of Hygiene and Microbiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
- Sección Biología Celular, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay
| | - Klaus Brehm
- Consultant Laboratory for Echinococcosis, Institute of Hygiene and Microbiology, University of Würzburg, Würzburg, Germany
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Basic Operative Tactics for Pulmonary Echinococcosis in the Era of Endostaplers and Energy Devices. Medicina (B Aires) 2023; 59:medicina59030543. [PMID: 36984545 PMCID: PMC10056258 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59030543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Human echinococcosis is a zoonotic infection caused by the larvae of the tapeworm species Echinococcus. The liver is the most common location for a primary echinococcosis. However, the parasite may bypass or spread from the liver to the lungs, causing primary or secondary pulmonary echinococcosis, respectively. Pulmonary echinococcosis is a clinically challenging condition in which anthelminthic regiments are important, but surgery has the central role in removing the cysts and preventing recurrences. Surgical treatment may involve cystotomy, enucleation, capitonnage, or atypical resections, which occasionally are in combination with hepatic procedures. The utilization of modern devices is greatly underdescribed in surgery for thoracic infections, even though these facilitate much of the work. Therefore, this article aims to describe pulmonary echinococcosis and the role of modern surgical devices in the treatment process. Furthermore, we report surgical treatment of three different cases of pulmonary echinococcosis. Surgeries of uncomplicated and ruptured hepatic or pulmonary cysts are described. Simple small pulmonary echinococcal lesions can be excised by endostaplers both for diagnostic and curative reasons. Larger cysts can be removed by energy devices unless large bronchial air leaks occur. Complicated cysts require treatment by more extensive techniques. Inexperienced surgeons should not abstain but should carefully decide preoperatively how to proceed.
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Shabunin AV, Karpov AA, Bedin VV, Tavobilov MM, Lebedev SS, Tin’kova IO, Ozerova DS, Aladin MN, Alieva FF, Mikhailyantc GS, Lukin AY. Morphological justification of organ-preserving methods of surgical treatment of patients with liver echinococcosis. RUSSIAN JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY 2023. [DOI: 10.31016/1998-8435-2022-16-4-494-503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of the research is the study of the morphological structure of echinococcal cysts to assess the possibility of using organ-preserving methods of surgical treatment.Materials and methods. A clinical, instrumental, and morphological fundamental study was performed in the Surgical Clinic of the Botkin Hospital when radiation and morphological data in addition to clinical data were studied for 28 patients who underwent surgical treatment for liver echinococcosis. Excised gross specimens were examined to study the capsule structure, and the penetration of germinal elements of the cysts through membranes of the parasite (64 successively excised primary operated echinococcal cysts).Results and discussion. The fibrous capsule of the echinococcal cyst is a good barrier against Protoscolexes penetrating into the liver tissue. None of the 64 specimens studied in detail was found to have germinal elements of any echinococcal cyst penetrating through its fibrous capsule. The morphological justification of organ-preserving methods in the treatment of patients with liver echinococcosis allows a conclusion that these interventions are safe and radical.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. V. Shabunin
- Botkin Hospital; Russian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Study, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
| | | | - V. V. Bedin
- Botkin Hospital; Russian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Study, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
| | - M. M. Tavobilov
- Botkin Hospital; Russian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Study, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
| | - S. S. Lebedev
- Botkin Hospital; Russian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Study, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
| | | | - D. S. Ozerova
- Botkin Hospital; Russian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Study, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
| | - M. N. Aladin
- Russian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Study, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
| | - F. F. Alieva
- Russian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Study, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
| | - G. S. Mikhailyantc
- Botkin Hospital; Russian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Study, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
| | - A. Yu. Lukin
- Botkin Hospital; Russian Medical Academy of Postgraduate Study, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation
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9
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Sun Y, Yan C, Tian D, Zhang C, Zhang Q. Imaging Manifestations and Misdiagnosis Analysis of Six Cases of Bone Hydatid Disease. THE KOREAN JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY 2022; 60:413-417. [PMID: 36588418 PMCID: PMC9806501 DOI: 10.3347/kjp.2022.60.6.413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
We retrospectively evaluated the clinical and imaging features of 6 patients with bone hydatid disease confirmed by surgery and pathological examination. Among the 6 patients, 2 were infected with Echinococcosis granulosus metacestode and 4 were infected with E. multilocularis metacestode. The 2 cases with cystic echinococcosis were diagnosed by computed tomographic (CT) examination, and other 4 cases were diagnosed by magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. On the initial evaluation, 1 case each was misdiagnosed as a giant cell tumor or neurogenic tumor, and 2 were misdiagnosed as tuberculosis. The imaging manifestations of bone hydatid disease are complex, but most common findings include expansive osteolytic bone destruction, which may be associated with sclerosing edges or dead bone formation, localized soft tissue masses, and vertebral lesions with wedge-shaped changes and spinal stenosis. Combining imaging findings with the patient's epidemiological history and immunological examinations is of great help in improving the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of bone hydatid disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanqiu Sun
- Department of Radiology, Qinghai Provincial People’s Hospital, Xining, Qinghai,
China
| | - Chunlong Yan
- Department of Radiology, Jining No.1 People’s Hospital, Jining, Shandong,
China,Graduate school of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu,
China
| | - Dengfeng Tian
- Department of Radiology, Qinghai Provincial People’s Hospital, Xining, Qinghai,
China
| | - Chenhong Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Qinghai Provincial People’s Hospital, Xining, Qinghai,
China
| | - Qiang Zhang
- Department of Radiology, Qinghai Provincial People’s Hospital, Xining, Qinghai,
China,Corresponding author ()
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10
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Kian M, Mirzavand S, Sharifzadeh S, Kalantari T, Ashrafmansouri M, Nasri F. Efficacy of Mesenchymal Stem Cells Therapy in Parasitic Infections: Are Anti-parasitic Drugs Combined with MSCs More Effective? Acta Parasitol 2022; 67:1487-1499. [DOI: 10.1007/s11686-022-00620-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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11
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Massive sympathetic nerve infiltration in advanced hepatic alveolar echinococcosis: a case report and review of the literature. BMC Infect Dis 2022; 22:489. [PMID: 35606711 PMCID: PMC9128247 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-022-07470-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Alveolar echinococcosis is a zoonotic disease that mostly affects the liver, with vascular invasion and a protean clinical symptom. However, no reports of sympathetic nerve infiltration in hepatic alveolar echinococcosis have been reported. Here, we report a case of hepatic alveolar echinococcosis in a 33-year-old man. In this end-stage case, the lesion was heavily involved in the large vessels and biliary tract, and immunohistochemistry also incidentally revealed extensive nerve infiltration in the specimens after surgical treatment. Subsequently, neural classification was identified. Case presentation We herein report a case of advanced hepatic alveolar echinococcosis with macrovascular invasion and sympathetic nerve infiltration. In this case, inferior vena cava (IVC), the portal vein and bile duct were infiltrated. Ultimately, according to our experience, ex vivo liver resection and autotransplantation (ELRA) was the optimal treatment way to perform for this unresectable patient. Samples were collected from normal liver tissue, junction tissue and the lesion. Hematoxylin–eosin (HE) staining was used to confirm the diagnosis. Neural infiltration was observed by immunohistochemical staining with protein gene product 9.5 (PGP9.5). Fluorescence colocalization was determined with PGP9.5 and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH). These results suggest that a large amount of sympathetic nerve infiltration occurred at the junction. Conclusion This study suggests that advanced hepatic alveolar echinococcosis shows infiltrating growth, often invades the large vessels and biliary ducts, and may be accompanied by sympathetic nerve infiltration.
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