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Li L, Wang Y, Yu C, Li S, Lin T, Han S, Zhu T, Li S. Seasonal changes in the abundance Fusarium proliferatium, microbial endophytes and nutrient levels in the roots of hybrid bamboo Bambusa pervariabilis × Dendrocalamopsis grandis. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1185449. [PMID: 37538062 PMCID: PMC10394707 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1185449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Plant root pathogens invade the soil around plant roots, disturbing the systemic balance, reducing plant defenses, and causing severe disease. At present, there are few studies on the severity of plant diseases caused by pathogen invasion in different seasons and how pathogens affect root microecology. In this study, we compared the levels of nutrients in the root tissues of the two groups of plants. We used 16S and ITS amplicon sequencing with Illumina NovaSeq 6000 to compare seasonal changes in the composition and structure of microbial communities from healthy roots of bamboo Bambusa pervariabilis × Dendrocalamopsis grandis and roots infected by the soilborne pathogen Fusarium proliferatum. We have found that the invasion of the pathogen led to a substantial decrease in nutrient elements in bamboo roots, except for nitrogen. The pathogen presence correlated with seasonal changes in the bamboo root microbiome and decreased bacterial richness in diseased plants. The root microbial community structure of healthy plants was more stable than that of their diseased counterparts. Furthermore, we identified the lesion area and relative abundance of F. proliferatum were significant predictors of disease progression. The potassium tissue content and the disease lesion area were identified as factors linked with the observed changes in the bamboo root microbiome. This study provides a theoretical foundation for understanding the seasonal dynamics F. proliferatum, an economically important soilborne pathogen of hybrid bamboo grown in Sichuan Province, China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Li
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yaxuan Wang
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Cailin Yu
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuying Li
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tiantian Lin
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shan Han
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tianhui Zhu
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shujiang Li
- College of Forestry, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
- National Forestry and Grassland Administration Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Ecological Safety on the Upper Reaches of the Yangtze River, Chengdu, China
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Wei G, Zhao W, Hu A, Ren M, Huang Y, Xu H. Identification of a New Pathogenic fungi Causing Sorghum Leaf Spot Disease and Its Management Using Natural Product and Microorganisms. Microorganisms 2023; 11:1431. [PMID: 37374932 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11061431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Sorghum bicolor is cultivated worldwide. Leaf spot of sorghum, which leads to leaf lesions and yield reduction, is a prevalent and serious disease in Guizhou Province, southwest China. In August 2021, new leaf spot symptoms were observed on sorghum leaves. In this study, traditional methods and modern molecular biology techniques were used to isolate and identify the pathogen. Sorghum inoculated with the isolate GY1021 resulted in reddish brown lesion that similar to symptoms observed in the field: the original isolate inoculated was reisolated and Koch's postulates were fulfilled. Based on morphological features and phylogenetic analysis of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) combined sequence with β-tubulin (TUB2) and translation elongation factor 1-α (TEF-1α) genes, the isolate was identified as Fusarium thapsinum (Strain accession: GY 1021; GenBank Accession: ITS (ON882046), TEF-1α (OP096445), and β-TUB (OP096446)). Then, we studied the bioactivity of various natural products and microorganisms against F. thapsinum using the dual culture experiment. Carvacrol, 2-allylphenol, honokiol, and cinnamaldehyde showed excellent antifungal activity, with EC50 values of 24.19, 7.18, 46.18, and 52.81 µg/mL, respectively. The bioactivity of six antagonistic bacteria was measured using a dual culture experiment and the mycelial growth rate method. Paenibacillus polymyxa, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Bacillus velezensis displayed significant antifungal effects against F. thapsinum. This study provides a theoretical basis for the green control of leaf spot of sorghum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guoyu Wei
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Anlong Hu
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Mingjian Ren
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yunxiao Huang
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Huayang Xu
- College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
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Zhang Y, Chen C, Mai Z, Lin J, Nie L, Maharachchikumbura SSN, You C, Xiang M, Hyde KD, Manawasinghe IS. Co-infection of Fusarium aglaonematis sp. nov. and Fusarium elaeidis Causing Stem Rot in Aglaonema modestum in China. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:930790. [PMID: 35847104 PMCID: PMC9279562 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.930790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Aglaonema modestum (A. modestum) (Araceae) is an evergreen herbage, which is intensively grown as an ornamental plant in South China. A new disease was observed in A. modestum from 2020 to 2021 in Guangdong province, China. The disease symptoms associated with plants were initial leaf wilt, stem rot, and resulting plant death, leading to severe economic losses. In total, six Fusarium isolates were obtained from diseased plants. The putative pathogen was identified using both morphological characteristics and molecular phylogenetic analysis of calmodulin A (cmdA), RNA polymerase largest subunit 1 (rpb1), RNA polymerase II (rpb2), translation elongation factor-1α (tef1-α), and beta-tubulin (β-tubulin) sequences. Two Fusarium species were identified, namely, one new species, Fusarium aglaonematis (F. aglaonematis) belonging to Fusarium fujikuroi species complex. In addition, Fusarium elaeidis (F. elaeidis) belonging to the Fusarium oxysporum (F. oxysporum) species complex was also identified. Pathogenicity assays were conducted by inoculating each species into potted A. modestum plants and co-inoculating two species. The results showed that two Fusarium species could infect plants independently and can infect them together. Co-infection of these two species enhanced the disease severity of A. modestum. Compared to single inoculation of F. elaeidis, severity was higher and disease development was quicker when plants were only inoculated with F. aglaonematis. In addition, these two Fusarium species could infect Aglaonema plants without wounds, while inoculation with a physical injury increased disease severity. This is the first report of co-infection by F. aglaonematis and F. elaeidis causing stem rot on A. modestum worldwide. This study will be an addition to the knowledge of Fusarium diseases in ornamental plants. These results will provide a baseline to identify and control diseases associated with A. modestum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunxia Zhang
- Innovative Institute for Plant Health, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits and Vegetables in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chao Chen
- Innovative Institute for Plant Health, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits and Vegetables in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhanglong Mai
- Innovative Institute for Plant Health, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits and Vegetables in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jieying Lin
- Innovative Institute for Plant Health, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits and Vegetables in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
| | - Liting Nie
- Innovative Institute for Plant Health, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits and Vegetables in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
| | - Sajeewa S. N. Maharachchikumbura
- School of Life Science and Technology, Center for Informational Biology, University of Electronic Science and Technology, Chengdu, China
| | - Chunping You
- Innovative Institute for Plant Health, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits and Vegetables in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
| | - Meimei Xiang
- Innovative Institute for Plant Health, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits and Vegetables in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kevin D. Hyde
- Innovative Institute for Plant Health, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Mueang, Chiang Rai, Thailand
| | - Ishara S. Manawasinghe
- Innovative Institute for Plant Health, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Green Prevention and Control on Fruits and Vegetables in South China, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, China
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Chen J, Ran F, Shi J, Chen T, Zhao Z, Zhang Z, He L, Li W, Wang B, Chen X, Wang W, Long Y. Identification of the Causal Agent of Brown Leaf Spot on Kiwifruit and Its Sensitivity to Different Active Ingredients of Biological Fungicides. Pathogens 2022; 11:673. [PMID: 35745527 PMCID: PMC9229313 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11060673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Kiwifruit (Actinidia chinensis) is an important commercial crop in China, and the occurrence of diseases may cause significant economic loss in its production. In the present study, a new pathogen that causes brown leaf spot disease on kiwifruit was reported. The fungus was isolated from an infected sample and identified as Fusarium graminearum based on morphological and molecular evaluation. Koch's postulates were confirmed when the pathogen was re-isolated from plants with artificially induced symptoms and identified as F. graminearum. Based on the biological characteristics of the pathogen, it was determined that: its optimal growth temperature was 25 °C; optimal pH was 7; most suitable carbon source was soluble starch; most suitable nitrogen source was yeast powder; and best photoperiod was 12 h light/12 h dark. Further investigations were conducted by determining 50% effective concentrations (EC50) of several active ingredients of biological fungicides against F. graminearum. The results showed that among the studied fungicides, tetramycin and honokiol had the highest antifungal activity against this pathogen. Our findings provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of brown leaf spot disease on kiwifruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Chen
- Research Center for Engineering Technology of Kiwifruit, Institute of Crop Protection, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (J.C.); (F.R.); (J.S.); (T.C.); (Z.Z.); (Z.Z.); (L.H.); (W.L.); (B.W.); (X.C.); (W.W.)
| | - Fei Ran
- Research Center for Engineering Technology of Kiwifruit, Institute of Crop Protection, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (J.C.); (F.R.); (J.S.); (T.C.); (Z.Z.); (Z.Z.); (L.H.); (W.L.); (B.W.); (X.C.); (W.W.)
| | - Jinqiao Shi
- Research Center for Engineering Technology of Kiwifruit, Institute of Crop Protection, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (J.C.); (F.R.); (J.S.); (T.C.); (Z.Z.); (Z.Z.); (L.H.); (W.L.); (B.W.); (X.C.); (W.W.)
| | - Tingting Chen
- Research Center for Engineering Technology of Kiwifruit, Institute of Crop Protection, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (J.C.); (F.R.); (J.S.); (T.C.); (Z.Z.); (Z.Z.); (L.H.); (W.L.); (B.W.); (X.C.); (W.W.)
| | - Zhibo Zhao
- Research Center for Engineering Technology of Kiwifruit, Institute of Crop Protection, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (J.C.); (F.R.); (J.S.); (T.C.); (Z.Z.); (Z.Z.); (L.H.); (W.L.); (B.W.); (X.C.); (W.W.)
| | - Zhuzhu Zhang
- Research Center for Engineering Technology of Kiwifruit, Institute of Crop Protection, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (J.C.); (F.R.); (J.S.); (T.C.); (Z.Z.); (Z.Z.); (L.H.); (W.L.); (B.W.); (X.C.); (W.W.)
| | - Linan He
- Research Center for Engineering Technology of Kiwifruit, Institute of Crop Protection, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (J.C.); (F.R.); (J.S.); (T.C.); (Z.Z.); (Z.Z.); (L.H.); (W.L.); (B.W.); (X.C.); (W.W.)
| | - Wenzhi Li
- Research Center for Engineering Technology of Kiwifruit, Institute of Crop Protection, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (J.C.); (F.R.); (J.S.); (T.C.); (Z.Z.); (Z.Z.); (L.H.); (W.L.); (B.W.); (X.C.); (W.W.)
| | - Bingce Wang
- Research Center for Engineering Technology of Kiwifruit, Institute of Crop Protection, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (J.C.); (F.R.); (J.S.); (T.C.); (Z.Z.); (Z.Z.); (L.H.); (W.L.); (B.W.); (X.C.); (W.W.)
| | - Xuetang Chen
- Research Center for Engineering Technology of Kiwifruit, Institute of Crop Protection, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (J.C.); (F.R.); (J.S.); (T.C.); (Z.Z.); (Z.Z.); (L.H.); (W.L.); (B.W.); (X.C.); (W.W.)
| | - Weizhen Wang
- Research Center for Engineering Technology of Kiwifruit, Institute of Crop Protection, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (J.C.); (F.R.); (J.S.); (T.C.); (Z.Z.); (Z.Z.); (L.H.); (W.L.); (B.W.); (X.C.); (W.W.)
| | - Youhua Long
- Research Center for Engineering Technology of Kiwifruit, Institute of Crop Protection, College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China; (J.C.); (F.R.); (J.S.); (T.C.); (Z.Z.); (Z.Z.); (L.H.); (W.L.); (B.W.); (X.C.); (W.W.)
- Teaching Experimental Field of Guizhou University, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
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