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Sinyawa T, Shawa M, Muuka GM, Goma F, Fandamu P, Chizimu JY, Khumalo CS, Mulavu M, Ngoma M, Chambaro HM, Kamboyi HK, Kajihara M, Sawa H, Suzuki Y, Higashi H, Mainda G, Munyeme M, Muma JB, Nyantakyi CO, Egyir B, Hang’ombe BM. Antimicrobial Use Survey and Detection of ESBL- Escherichia coli in Commercial and Medium-/Small-Scale Poultry Farms in Selected Districts of Zambia. Antibiotics (Basel) 2024; 13:467. [PMID: 38786195 PMCID: PMC11118926 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13050467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 03/06/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) among Escherichia coli from food animals is a rising problem, and heavy antimicrobial use in poultry is a contributing factor. In Zambia, studies linking poultry-associated AMR and antibiotic use (AMU) are rare. This study aimed to investigate commercial and medium-/small-scale poultry farmers' usage of antimicrobials based on a questionnaire survey in ten districts of Zambia. In addition, the study characterized extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing E. coli isolates obtained from poultry in the same districts. Data regarding knowledge and usage of antimicrobials were collected from commercial and medium-/small-scale poultry farmers using a pre-tested structured questionnaire. At the same time, cloacal samples were collected and analyzed. One hundred and fifty E. coli isolates were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility using eight antibiotic classes. The isolates were further screened for ESBL production by streaking them on cefotaxime (CTX)-supplemented MacConkey agar, then subjecting them to sequencing on a NextSeq. The questionnaire survey showed that more medium-/small-scale than commercial poultry farmers used antimicrobials (OR = 7.70, 95% CI = 2.88-20.61) but less prescriptions (OR = 0.02, 95% CI = 0.00-0.08). Susceptibility testing revealed that resistance was highest to ampicillin (128/148, 86.5%) and tetracycline (101/136, 74.3%) and that the prevalence of multidrug resistance (MDR) (28/30, 93.3%) was high. Whole-genome sequencing (WGS) of eight (8/30, 26.7%) isolates with CTX Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC) ≥ 4 µg/mL revealed the presence of ESBL-encoding genes blaCTX-M-14, blaCTX-M-55, and blaTEM. WGS also detected other AMR genes for quinolones, aminoglycosides, phenicols, tetracycline, macrolides, and folate-pathway antagonists. Altogether, the questionnaire survey results showed a higher proportion of AMU and lower prescription usage among medium-/small-scale farmers. In addition, our results emphasize the circulation of ESBL-producing E. coli strains with associated MDR. It is critical to educate farmers about AMR risks and to encourage responsible usage of antimicrobials. Furthermore, there is a need to strengthen regulations limiting access to antimicrobials. Finally, there is a need to establish a one health system to guide public health response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taona Sinyawa
- Central Veterinary Research Institute, Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock, Chilanga, Lusaka 10101, Zambia; (T.S.); (M.N.); (H.M.C.)
| | - Misheck Shawa
- Hokudai Centre for Zoonosis Control in Zambia, University of Zambia, Lusaka 10101, Zambia; (M.S.); (M.K.); (H.S.)
| | - Geoffrey M. Muuka
- Department of Veterinary Services, Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock, Lusaka 15100, Zambia; (G.M.M.); (P.F.)
| | - Fusya Goma
- Department of Veterinary Services, Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock, Lusaka 15100, Zambia; (G.M.M.); (P.F.)
| | - Paul Fandamu
- Department of Veterinary Services, Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock, Lusaka 15100, Zambia; (G.M.M.); (P.F.)
| | - Joseph Yamweka Chizimu
- Zambia National Public Health Institute, Stand 1186, Coner of Chaholi and Addis Ababa Roads, Rhodes Park, Lusaka 10101, Zambia;
| | - Cynthia Sipho Khumalo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka 10101, Zambia;
| | - Malala Mulavu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Health Sciences, University of Zambia, Lusaka 10101, Zambia;
| | - Masuzyo Ngoma
- Central Veterinary Research Institute, Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock, Chilanga, Lusaka 10101, Zambia; (T.S.); (M.N.); (H.M.C.)
| | - Herman Moses Chambaro
- Central Veterinary Research Institute, Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock, Chilanga, Lusaka 10101, Zambia; (T.S.); (M.N.); (H.M.C.)
| | - Harvey Kakoma Kamboyi
- Division of Infection and Immunity, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, N20 W10, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan; (H.K.K.); (H.H.)
| | - Masahiro Kajihara
- Hokudai Centre for Zoonosis Control in Zambia, University of Zambia, Lusaka 10101, Zambia; (M.S.); (M.K.); (H.S.)
- Division of International Research Promotion, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, N20 W10, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan
| | - Hirofumi Sawa
- Hokudai Centre for Zoonosis Control in Zambia, University of Zambia, Lusaka 10101, Zambia; (M.S.); (M.K.); (H.S.)
- Institute for Vaccine Research and Development (HU-IVReD), Hokkaido University, N21 W11, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan
| | - Yasuhiko Suzuki
- Division of Bioresources, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, N20 W10, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan
| | - Hideaki Higashi
- Division of Infection and Immunity, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, N20 W10, Kita-ku, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan; (H.K.K.); (H.H.)
| | - Geoffrey Mainda
- Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO), Chaholi Road, Rhodes Park, Lusaka 10101, Zambia;
| | - Musso Munyeme
- Department of Disease Control, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka 10101, Zambia; (M.M.); (J.B.M.)
| | - John Bwalya Muma
- Department of Disease Control, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka 10101, Zambia; (M.M.); (J.B.M.)
| | - Christian Owusu Nyantakyi
- Bacteriology Department, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra 00233, Ghana; (C.O.N.); (B.E.)
| | - Beverly Egyir
- Bacteriology Department, Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research, College of Health Sciences, University of Ghana, Accra 00233, Ghana; (C.O.N.); (B.E.)
| | - Bernard Mudenda Hang’ombe
- Microbiology Unit, Department of Para-Clinical Studies, Africa Centre of Excellence for Infectious Diseases of Humans and Animals (ACEIDHA), School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka 10101, Zambia
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Tomeh R, Nemati A, Hashemi Tabar G, Tozzoli R, Badouei MA. Antimicrobial resistance, β-lactamase genotypes, and plasmid replicon types of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli isolated from different animal hosts. J Appl Microbiol 2024; 135:lxae059. [PMID: 38467395 DOI: 10.1093/jambio/lxae059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2024] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
AIMS The primary objective of this study was to analyze antimicrobial resistance (AMR), with a particular focus on β-lactamase genotypes and plasmid replicon types of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) strains originating from various animal hosts. METHODS AND RESULTS A total of 84 STEC strains were isolated from cattle (n = 32), sheep/goats (n = 26), pigeons (n = 20), and wild animals (n = 6) between 2010 and 2018 in various regions of Iran. The Kirby-Bauer susceptibility test and multiple polymerase chain reaction (PCR) panels were employed to elucidate the correlation between AMR and plasmid replicon types in STEC isolates. The predominant replicon types were IncFIC and IncFIB in cattle (46.8%), IncFIC in sheep/goats (46.1%), IncA/C in pigeons (90%), and IncP in wild animals (50%). STEC of serogroups O113, O26, and O111 harbored the IncFIB (100%), IncI1 (80%), and IncFIC + IncA/C (100%) plasmids, respectively. A remarkable AMR association was found between ciprofloxacin (100%), neomycin (68.7%), and tetracycline (61.7%) resistance with IncFIC; amoxicillin + clavulanic acid (88.8%) and tetracycline (61.7%) with IncA/C; ciprofloxacin (100%) with IncFIB; fosfomycin (85.7%) and sulfamethoxazole + trimethoprim (80%) with IncI1. IncI1 appeared in 83.3%, 50%, and 100% of the isolates harboring blaCTX-M, blaTEM, and blaOXA β-lactamase genes, respectively. CONCLUSIONS The emergence of O26/IncI1/blaCTX-M STEC in cattle farms poses a potential risk to public health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rwida Tomeh
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad 9177948974, Iran
| | - Ali Nemati
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad 9177948974, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Hashemi Tabar
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad 9177948974, Iran
| | - Rosangela Tozzoli
- European Union Reference Laboratory for Escherichia coli, Department of Veterinary Public Health and Food Safety, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome 00161, Italy
| | - Mahdi Askari Badouei
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad 9177948974, Iran
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Rhea S, Gensler C, Atlaw N, Pairis-Garcia M, Lewbart GA, Valentine A, Cruz M, Castillo P, Vélez A, Trueba G, Jacob ME. Presence of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli in Food-Producing and Companion Animals and Wildlife on Small-Holder Farms of Floreana Island, Galápagos Islands. Vector Borne Zoonotic Dis 2024; 24:36-45. [PMID: 38011616 DOI: 10.1089/vbz.2023.0044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Antimicrobial resistance (AR) has led to increasing human and animal morbidity and mortality and negative consequences for the environment. AR among Escherichia coli (EC) is on the rise, with serious concerns about extended-spectrum β-lactamase-producing E. coli (ESBL-EC). In the Galápagos Islands, where antimicrobials are available without a prescription, growing demands for food production can drive antimicrobial use. Food producing animals are at the interface of wildlife and environmental health on the smallest human-inhabited Galápagos Island, Floreana. We sought to determine if ESBL-EC were present in Floreana Island farm animal species and nearby wildlife and the relatedness of ESBL-EC isolates identified. Materials and Methods: During July 4-5, 2022, we visited 8 multispecies farms, representing 75% of food-producing animal production on Floreana, and collected 227 fecal samples from farm animals and wildlife. Each sample was plated on MacConkey agar supplemented with cefotaxime (4 μg/mL). Results: ESBL-EC was isolated from 20 (9%) fecal samples collected from pigs (N = 10), chickens (N = 6), wildlife (N = 3), and dog (N = 1). All ESBL-EC isolates were from samples taken at three (38%) of the eight farms. Fifteen (75%) of the ESBL-EC isolates were from a single farm. All ESBL-EC isolates were multidrug resistant. The most prevalent ESBL genes belonged to the blaCTX-M group. Among the typeable isolates from the farm with the largest proportion of ESBL-EC isolates (N = 14), we observed nine unique pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) patterns, with identical patterns present across pig and chicken isolates. PFGE patterns in the three farms with ESBL-EC isolates were different. Conclusions: These results lend support for future routine AR monitoring activities at the livestock-wildlife interface in Galápagos to characterize potential interspecies transmission of AR bacteria and AR genes in this unique protected ecosystem, and the related human, animal, and environmental health impacts, and to formulate interventions to reduce AR spread in this setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Rhea
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Catherine Gensler
- Department of Agricultural and Human Sciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Nigatu Atlaw
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Monique Pairis-Garcia
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Gregory A Lewbart
- Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
- Galápagos Science Center, Universidad San Francisco de Quito (USFQ) and The University of North Carolina (UNC) at Chapel Hill, San Cristóbal Island, Ecuador
| | - Alyssa Valentine
- College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
| | - Marilyn Cruz
- Agencia de Regulación y Control de la Bioseguridad y Cuarentena para Galápagos, Puerto Ayora, Ecuador
| | - Paulina Castillo
- Agencia de Regulación y Control de la Bioseguridad y Cuarentena para Galápagos, Puerto Ayora, Ecuador
| | - Alberto Vélez
- Agencia de Regulación y Control de la Bioseguridad y Cuarentena para Galápagos, Puerto Ayora, Ecuador
| | - Gabriel Trueba
- Galápagos Science Center, Universidad San Francisco de Quito (USFQ) and The University of North Carolina (UNC) at Chapel Hill, San Cristóbal Island, Ecuador
- Instituto de Microbiología, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Megan E Jacob
- Department of Population Health and Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA
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Guibert F, Espinoza K, Taboada-Blanco C, Alonso CA, Oporto R, Castillo AK, Rojo-Bezares B, López M, Sáenz Y, Pons MJ, Ruiz J. Traditional marketed meats as a reservoir of multidrug-resistant Escherichia coli. Int Microbiol 2023:10.1007/s10123-023-00445-y. [PMID: 37995017 DOI: 10.1007/s10123-023-00445-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 10/25/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to analyze Escherichia coli from marketed meat samples in Peru. Sixty-six E. coli isolates were recovered from 21 meat samples (14 chicken, 7 beef), and antimicrobial resistance levels and the presence of mechanisms of antibiotic resistance, as well as clonal relationships and phylogeny of colistin-resistant isolates, were established. High levels of antimicrobial resistance were detected, with 93.9% of isolates being multi-drug resistant (MDR) and 76.2% of samples possessing colistin-resistant E. coli; of these, 6 samples from 6 chicken samples presenting mcr-1-producer E. coli. Colistin-resistant isolates were classified into 22 clonal groups, while phylogroup A (15 isolates) was the most common. Extended-spectrum β-lactamase- and pAmpC-producing E. coli were found in 18 and 8 samples respectively, with blaCTX-M-55 (28 isolates; 16 samples) and blaCIT (8 isolates; 7 samples) being the most common of each type. Additionally, blaCTX-M-15, blaCTX-M-65, blaSHV-27, blaOXA-5/10-like, blaDHA, blaEBC and narrow-spectrum blaTEM were detected. In addition, 5 blaCTX-M remained unidentified, and no sought ESBL-encoding gene was detected in other 6 ESBL-producer isolates. The tetA, tetE and tetX genes were found in tigecycline-resistant isolates. This study highlights the presence of MDR E. coli in Peruvian food-chain. The high relevance of CTX-M-55, the dissemination through the food-chain of pAmpC, as well as the high frequency of unrelated colistin-resistant isolates is reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Guibert
- Grupo de Investigación en Dinámicas y Epidemiología de la Resistencia a Antimicrobianos - "One Health", Universidad Científica del Sur, Antigua Panamericana Sur Km 19, Villa El Salvador, 15067, Lima, Peru
| | - Kathya Espinoza
- Grupo de Investigación en Dinámicas y Epidemiología de la Resistencia a Antimicrobianos - "One Health", Universidad Científica del Sur, Antigua Panamericana Sur Km 19, Villa El Salvador, 15067, Lima, Peru
| | - Clara Taboada-Blanco
- Área de Microbiología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
| | - Carla A Alonso
- Servicio de Análisis Clínicos, Laboratorio de Microbiología, Hospital San Pedro, Logroño, Spain
| | - Rosario Oporto
- Grupo de Investigación en Dinámicas y Epidemiología de la Resistencia a Antimicrobianos - "One Health", Universidad Científica del Sur, Antigua Panamericana Sur Km 19, Villa El Salvador, 15067, Lima, Peru
| | - Angie K Castillo
- Grupo de Investigación en Dinámicas y Epidemiología de la Resistencia a Antimicrobianos - "One Health", Universidad Científica del Sur, Antigua Panamericana Sur Km 19, Villa El Salvador, 15067, Lima, Peru
| | - Beatriz Rojo-Bezares
- Área de Microbiología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
| | - María López
- Área de Microbiología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
| | - Yolanda Sáenz
- Área de Microbiología Molecular, Centro de Investigación Biomédica de La Rioja, Logroño, Spain
| | - Maria J Pons
- Grupo de Investigación en Dinámicas y Epidemiología de la Resistencia a Antimicrobianos - "One Health", Universidad Científica del Sur, Antigua Panamericana Sur Km 19, Villa El Salvador, 15067, Lima, Peru.
| | - Joaquim Ruiz
- Grupo de Investigación en Dinámicas y Epidemiología de la Resistencia a Antimicrobianos - "One Health", Universidad Científica del Sur, Antigua Panamericana Sur Km 19, Villa El Salvador, 15067, Lima, Peru.
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Uyanik T, Çadirci Ö, Gücükoğlu A, Bölükbaş A. Examining the presence of carbapenem resistant Enterobacterales and routes of transmission to bovine carcasses at slaughterhouses. Int J Food Microbiol 2023; 403:110314. [PMID: 37422948 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2023.110314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 07/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/11/2023]
Abstract
This study was conducted to investigate the existence and possible transmission routes of CREs during the bovine slaughter process. A total of 600 samples including rectoanal mucosal swaps, bovine hides and carcasses were collected weekly, over a 20 week period from three different slaughterhouses in Samsun province and analyzed in terms of CRE. Isolation of CRE was performed using Chromatic CRE Agar. Obtained isolates were identified using PCR and VITEK MS. E-test method was used for screening of carbapenemase production and disk diffusion method was used for detection of phenotypic carbapenem resistance. Presence of five major carbapenemase genes were investigated by PCR and obtained amplicons were sequenced by Sanger sequencing. Clonal relatedness was investigated by Clermont phylo-typing and MLST. Plasmid incompability groups were determined by PCR-based replicon typing. Based on the results, only one bovine hide sample was found positive in terms of CRE and blaKPC-2 harbouring E. coli ST398 (phylogroup A) was identified. E. coli ST398 was found resistant to meropenem, imipenem, ertapenem, doripenem and also tested fluoroquinolones. ST398 was found to harbour three distinct replicons, namely N, FIIK, and FIB KQ. Inc. groups for these replicons were identified as IncN and IncFIIK. On the other hand, no concrete evidence has been obtained to suggest that CREs are spreading at the slaughterhouse level. Conclusively, conducting further studies in areas such as farms, pens, and feedlots is necessary to gain a better understanding of the transmission routes of CREs in livestock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tolga Uyanik
- Ondokuz Mayis University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Food Hygiene and Technology, Türkiye.
| | - Özgür Çadirci
- Ondokuz Mayis University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Food Hygiene and Technology, Türkiye
| | - Ali Gücükoğlu
- Ondokuz Mayis University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Food Hygiene and Technology, Türkiye
| | - Ayşegül Bölükbaş
- Ondokuz Mayis University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Department of Food Hygiene and Technology, Türkiye
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Zhang S, Guo X, Wang Y, Zhong Z, Wang M, Jia R, Chen S, Liu M, Zhu D, Zhao X, Wu Y, Yang Q, Huang J, Ou X, Mao S, Gao Q, Sun D, Tian B, Cheng A. Implications of different waterfowl farming on cephalosporin resistance: Investigating the role of bla CTX-M-55. Poult Sci 2023; 102:102929. [PMID: 37562134 PMCID: PMC10432832 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
We investigated the cephalosporin resistance of Escherichia coli from waterfowl among different breeding mode farms. In 2021, we isolated 200 strains of E. coli from waterfowl feces samples collected from Sichuan, Heilongjiang, and Anhui provinces. The key findings are: Out of the 200 strains, 80, 80, and 40 strains were isolated from waterfowl feces samples in intensive, courtyard, and outdoor breeding mode farms, respectively. The overall positive rate of the ESBL phenotype, detecting by the double disk diffusion method, was 68.00% (136/200). In particular, the rates for intensive, courtyard, and outdoor breeding modes were 98.75%, 36.25%, and 70.00%, respectively. Results of MIC test showed drug resistance rates in the intensive breeding mode: 100.00% for cephalothin, 38.75% for cefoxitin, 100.00% for cefotaxime, and 100.00% for cefepime. In courtyard breeding mode, the corresponding rates were 100.00%, 40.00%, 63.75%, and 45.00%, respectively. In outdoor breeding mode, the corresponding rates were 100.00%, 52.50%, 82.50%, and 77.50%, respectively. The PCR results for blaCTX-M, blaTEM, blaOXA, and blaSHV showed the detection rate of blaCTX-M was highest at 75.50%, with blaCTX-M-55 is the main subtype gene, followed by blaTEM at 73.50%. We screened 58 donor strains carrying blaCTX-M-55, including 52 strains from the intensive breeding mode. These donor bacteria can transfer different plasmids to recipient E. coli J53, resulting in recipient bacteria acquiring cephalosporin resistance, and the conjugational transfer frequency ranged from 1.01 × 10-5 to 6.56 × 10-2. The transferred plasmids remained stable in recipient bacteria for up to several days without significant adaptation costs observed. During molecular typing of E. coli with conjugational transfer ability, the blaCTX-M-55 was found to be widely present in different ST strains with several phylogenetic groups. In summary, cephalosporin resistance of E. coli carried by waterfowl birds in intensive breeding mode farm was significantly higher than in courtyard and outdoor mode farms. The blaCTX-M-55 subtype gene was the prevalent ARGs and can be horizontally transferred through plasmids, which plays a key role in the spread of cephalosporin drug resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaqiu Zhang
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China; Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China
| | - Xiangyuan Guo
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China
| | - Yuwei Wang
- Mianyang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Mianyang 621023, P.R. China
| | - Zhijun Zhong
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China; Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China
| | - Mingshu Wang
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China; Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China
| | - Renyong Jia
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China; Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China
| | - Shun Chen
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China; Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China
| | - Mafeng Liu
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China; Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China
| | - Dekang Zhu
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China; Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China
| | - Xinxin Zhao
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China; Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China
| | - Ying Wu
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China; Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China
| | - Qiao Yang
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China; Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China
| | - Juan Huang
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China; Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China
| | - Xumin Ou
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China; Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China
| | - Sai Mao
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China; Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China
| | - Qun Gao
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China; Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China
| | - Di Sun
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China; Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China
| | - Bin Tian
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China; Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China
| | - Anchun Cheng
- Avian Disease Research Center, College of Veterinary Medicine, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Animal Disease and Human Health of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China; Engineering Research Center of Southwest Animal Disease Prevention and Control Technology, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611130, P.R. China.
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Hu J, Li J, Liu C, Zhang Y, Xie H, Li C, Shen H, Cao X. Molecular characteristics of global β-lactamase-producing Enterobacter cloacae by genomic analysis. BMC Microbiol 2022; 22:255. [PMID: 36266616 DOI: 10.1186/s12866-022-02667-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyze the characteristics of global β-lactamase-producing Enterobacter cloacae including the distribution of β-lactamase, sequence types (STs) as well as plasmid replicons. METHODS All the genomes of the E. cloacae were downloaded from GenBank. The distribution of β-lactamase encoding genes were investigated by genome annotation after the genome quality was checked. The STs of these strains were analyzed by multi-locus sequence typing (MLST). The distribution of plasmid replicons was further explored by submitting these genomes to the genome epidemiology center. The isolation information of these strains was extracted by Per program from GenBank. RESULTS A total of 272 out of 276 strains were found to carry β-lactamase encoding genes. Among them, 23 varieties of β-lactamase were identified, blaCMH (n = 130, 47.8%) and blaACT (n = 126, 46.3%) were the most predominant ones, 9 genotypes of carbapenem-hydrolyzing β-lactamase (CHβLs) were identified with blaVIM (n = 29, 10.7%) and blaKPC (n = 24, 8.9%) being the most dominant ones. In addition, 115 distinct STs for the 272 ß-lactamase-carrying E. cloacae and 48 different STs for 106 CHβLs-producing E. cloacae were detected. ST873 (n = 27, 9.9%) was the most common ST. Furthermore, 25 different plasmid replicons were identified, IncHI2 (n = 65, 23.9%), IncHI2A (n = 64, 23.5%) and IncFII (n = 62, 22.8%) were the most common ones. Notably, the distribution of plasmid replicons IncHI2 and IncHI2A among CHβLs-producing strains were significantly higher than theat among non-CHβLs-producing strains (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Almost all the E. cloacae contained β-lactamase encoding gene. Among the global E. cloacae, blaCMH and blaACT were main blaAmpC genes. BlaTEM and blaCTX-M were the predominant ESBLs. BlaKPC, blaVIM and blaNDM were the major CHβLs. Additionally, diversely distinct STs and different replicons were identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jincao Hu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Zhongshan Road 321, GulouJiangsu Province, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jia Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Zhongshan Road 321, GulouJiangsu Province, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chang Liu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Zhongshan Road 321, GulouJiangsu Province, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Zhongshan Road 321, GulouJiangsu Province, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Xie
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Zhongshan Road 321, GulouJiangsu Province, Nanjing, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuchu Li
- Department of Acute Infectious Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, China
| | - Han Shen
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Zhongshan Road 321, GulouJiangsu Province, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xiaoli Cao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, the Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Zhongshan Road 321, GulouJiangsu Province, Nanjing, People's Republic of China.
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