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Chen P, Abeywickrama PD, Ji S, Zhou Y, Li X, Zhang W, Yan J. Molecular Identification and Pathogenicity of Diaporthe eres and D. hongkongensis (Diaporthales, Ascomycota) Associated with Cherry Trunk Diseases in China. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2400. [PMID: 37894058 PMCID: PMC10609160 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11102400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to identify fungal species associated with trunk diseases of sweet cherries (Prunus avium) in several commercial cherry orchards in Beijing, Guizhou and Shandong provinces, China. In total, eighteen fungal strains that fitted well into the species concept of Diaporthe were isolated. Based on both morphological and multi-locus phylogenetic analyses of internal transcribed spacer region (ITS), beta-tubulin (tub-2), calmodulin (Cal) and translation elongation factor 1-α (tef1-α) sequencing data, fourteen isolates were identified as Diaporthe eres, while four isolates were classified as D. hongkongensis. Here, we report D. hongkongensis causing sweet cherry branch dieback disease and, further, we confirmed the host association of D. eres with sweet cherries in China. A pathogenicity assay revealed the ability of both D. eres and D. hongkongensis to cause shoot necrosis and stem lesions on Prunus avium cv. 'Brooks' (mean lesion lengths of 1.86 cm and 1.56 cm, respectively). The optimal temperature for the growth of both Diaporthe species was tested. The optimal growth temperature for D. hongkongensis was 30 °C, and the 25-28 °C temperatures were the most favorable for the growth of D. eres strains. This research advances the understanding of fungal trunk diseases in fruit crops, particularly gummosis and branch dieback disease in Chinese cherry orchards, and will aid growers in making decisions about cultural practices and disease management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengzhao Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Management on Fruit Diseases and Pests in North China, Institute of Plant Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; (P.C.); (P.D.A.); (S.J.); (Y.Z.); (X.L.); (J.Y.)
| | - Pranami D. Abeywickrama
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Management on Fruit Diseases and Pests in North China, Institute of Plant Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; (P.C.); (P.D.A.); (S.J.); (Y.Z.); (X.L.); (J.Y.)
| | - Shuxian Ji
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Management on Fruit Diseases and Pests in North China, Institute of Plant Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; (P.C.); (P.D.A.); (S.J.); (Y.Z.); (X.L.); (J.Y.)
| | - Yueyan Zhou
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Management on Fruit Diseases and Pests in North China, Institute of Plant Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; (P.C.); (P.D.A.); (S.J.); (Y.Z.); (X.L.); (J.Y.)
- Center of Excellence in Fungal Research, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
- School of Science, Mae Fah Luang University, Chiang Rai 57100, Thailand
| | - Xinghong Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Management on Fruit Diseases and Pests in North China, Institute of Plant Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; (P.C.); (P.D.A.); (S.J.); (Y.Z.); (X.L.); (J.Y.)
| | - Wei Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Management on Fruit Diseases and Pests in North China, Institute of Plant Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; (P.C.); (P.D.A.); (S.J.); (Y.Z.); (X.L.); (J.Y.)
| | - Jiye Yan
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environment-Friendly Management on Fruit Diseases and Pests in North China, Institute of Plant Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, China; (P.C.); (P.D.A.); (S.J.); (Y.Z.); (X.L.); (J.Y.)
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Fungal Grapevine Trunk Diseases in Romanian Vineyards in the Context of the International Situation. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11091006. [PMID: 36145437 PMCID: PMC9503734 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11091006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2022] [Revised: 08/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitis vinifera, known as the common grape vine, represents one of the most important fruit crops in the world. Romania is a wine-producing country with a rich and long tradition in viticulture. In the last decade, increasing reports of damage caused by grapevine trunk diseases (GTDs) have raised concerns in all wine producing countries. Up to now, no study was performed regarding the GTDs situation in Romania, an important grapevine grower in Europe. In this study, we aim, after a comprehensive presentation of the fungal GTDs worldwide, to review the scientific information related to these diseases in Romania in order to open a national platform in an international framework. In order to achieve this, we consulted over 500 references from different scientific databases and cited 309 of them. Our review concludes that, in Romania, there is little amount of available literature on this matter. Three out of six fungal GTDs are reported and well documented in all of the Romanian viticultural zones (except for viticultural zone 4). These are Eutypa dieback, Phomopsis dieback, and Esca disease. Of the fungal pathogens considered responsible Eutypa lata, Phomopsis viticola and Stereum hirsutum are the most studied and well documented in Romania. Management measures are quite limited, and they mostly include preventive measures to stop the GTDs spread and the removal of affected grapevines.
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Aleinikova NV, Galkina YS, Bolotianskaya EA, Arshava NV, Bozhko KN. Detection and identification of “black foot” pathogens of grapes in Crimea. BIO WEB OF CONFERENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1051/bioconf/20225304002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
At the present stage of development, stable economic efficiency of viticulture is possible if a decrease in the viability of grape plants, accompanied by a decrease in their productivity and lifecycle reduction, is prevented. Progressive grapevine weakening can be caused by both climate change and affection of perennial wood by the complexes of phytopathogenic fungi. In the last two decades, in all major grape-cultivating states, the root rot or “black foot” of grapes has been attributed to the most harmful diseases of perennial wood, especially in nurseries and young plantations. Presently, 30 fungal species are known to be associated with this disease, with the most common genera being Campylocarpon, Cylindrocladiella, Dactylonectria, Ilyonectria, Neonectria, Pleiocarpon, and Thelonectria. The article presents the results of laboratory researches and field experiments aimed at studying the etiology of inhibition of grape plant development in the conditions of Crimea. For the period from 2017 to 2021, in the vineyards of Mountain-Valley, South-Western and Central-Steppe Crimea, the affection of bushes of grape varieties ‘Moldova’, ‘Aligote’, ‘Arcadia’, ‘Lora’, ‘Rkatsiteli’ with the disease "black foot" or root rot of grapes was diagnosed for the first time. Using of molecular biological approach based on the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) made it possible to establish that “black foot” pathogens in Crimean vineyards include Dactylonectria macrodidyma (Halleen, Schroers & Crous) L. Lombard & Crous, 2014 and Ilyonectria destructans (Zinssm.) Rossman, L. Lombard & Crous, 2015.
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