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Belair M, Picot A, Lepais O, Masson C, Hébrard MN, Moronvalle A, Comont G, Gabri Martin VM, Tréguer S, Laloum Y, Corio-Costet MF, Michailides TJ, Moral J, Le Floch G, Pensec F. Genetic diversity and population structure of Botryosphaeria dothidea and Neofusicoccum parvum on English walnut (Juglans regia L.) in France. Sci Rep 2024; 14:19817. [PMID: 39191814 PMCID: PMC11350086 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-67613-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Botryosphaeriaceae species are the major causal agents of walnut dieback worldwide, along with Diaporthe species. Botryosphaeria dothidea and Neofusicoccum parvum are the only two Botryosphaeriaceae species associated with this recently emergent disease in France, and little is known about their diversity, structure, origin and dispersion in French walnut orchards. A total of 381 isolates of both species were genetically typed using a sequence-based microsatellite genotyping (SSR-seq) method. This analysis revealed a low genetic diversity and a high clonality of these populations, in agreement with their clonal mode of reproduction. The genetic similarity among populations, regardless of the tissue type and the presence of symptoms, supports the hypothesis that these pathogens can move between fruits and twigs and display latent pathogen lifestyles. Contrasting genetic patterns between N. parvum populations from Californian and Spanish walnut orchards and the French ones suggested no conclusive evidence for pathogen transmission from infected materials. The high genetic similarity with French vineyards populations suggested instead putative transmission between these hosts, which was also observed with B. dothidea populations. Overall, this study provides critical insight into the epidemiology of two important pathogens involved in the emerging dieback of French walnut orchards, including their distribution, potential to mate, putative origin and disease pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie Belair
- Univ Brest, INRAE, Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversité et Écologie Microbienne, 29280, Plouzané, France
| | - Adeline Picot
- Univ Brest, INRAE, Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversité et Écologie Microbienne, 29280, Plouzané, France
| | | | - Cyrielle Masson
- Station d'expérimentation Nucicole Rhône Alpes, 38160, Chatte, France
| | | | - Aude Moronvalle
- Centre Technique Interprofessionnel des Fruits et Légumes, Centre Opérationnel de Lanxade, 24130, Prigonrieux, France
| | - Gwénaëlle Comont
- INRAE, UMR Santé et Agroécologie du Vignoble, ISVV, Labex Cote, CS 20032, 33882, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Victor M Gabri Martin
- University of California Davis, Department of Plant Pathology, Kearney Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Parlier, CA, 93648, USA
| | - Sylvie Tréguer
- Univ Brest, INRAE, Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversité et Écologie Microbienne, 29280, Plouzané, France
| | - Yohana Laloum
- Centre Technique Interprofessionnel des Fruits et Légumes, Centre Opérationnel de Lanxade, 24130, Prigonrieux, France
| | - Marie-France Corio-Costet
- INRAE, UMR Santé et Agroécologie du Vignoble, ISVV, Labex Cote, CS 20032, 33882, Villenave d'Ornon, France
| | - Themis J Michailides
- University of California Davis, Department of Plant Pathology, Kearney Agricultural Research and Extension Center, Parlier, CA, 93648, USA
| | - Juan Moral
- Department of Agronomy (Maria de Maetzu Excellence Unit), University of Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, 14071, Córdoba, Spain
| | - Gaétan Le Floch
- Univ Brest, INRAE, Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversité et Écologie Microbienne, 29280, Plouzané, France
| | - Flora Pensec
- Univ Brest, INRAE, Laboratoire Universitaire de Biodiversité et Écologie Microbienne, 29280, Plouzané, France.
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Manetti G, Brunetti A, Sciarroni L, Lumia V, Bechini S, Marangi P, Reverberi M, Scortichini M, Pilotti M. Diplodia seriata Isolated from Declining Olive Trees in Salento (Apulia, Italy): Pathogenicity Trials Give a Glimpse That It Is More Virulent to Drought-Stressed Olive Trees and in a Warmth-Conditioned Environment. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:2245. [PMID: 39204681 PMCID: PMC11358911 DOI: 10.3390/plants13162245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Revised: 08/02/2024] [Accepted: 08/05/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
The fungi Botryosphaeriaceae are involved in olive declines in both the world hemispheres and in all continents where this species is cultivated. In Salento (Apulia, Italy), the Botryosphaeriaceae Neofusicoccum mediterraneum and N. stellenboschiana have been reported as the agents of a branch and twig dieback that overlaps with olive quick decline syndrome caused by Xylella fastidiosa subsp. pauca. In this study, we report the finding of Diplodia seriata, another Botryosphaeriaceae species, in Salento in Xylella fastidiosa-infected olive trees affected by symptoms of branch and twig dieback. Given that its presence was also reported in olive in the Americas and in Europe (Croatia) with different degrees of virulence, we were prompted to assess its role in the Apulian decline. We identified representative isolates based on morphological features and a multilocus phylogeny. In vitro tests showed that the optimum growth temperature of the isolates is around 25-30 °C, and that they are highly thermo-tolerant. In pathogenicity trials conducted over eleven months, D. seriata expressed a very low virulence. Nonetheless, when we imposed severe water stress before the inoculation, D. seriata significatively necrotized bark and wood in a time frame of 35 days. Moreover, the symptoms which resulted were much more severe in the trial performed in summer compared with that in autumn. In osmolyte-supplemented media with a water potential from -1 to -3 Mpa, the isolates increased or maintained their growth rate compared with non-supplemented media, and they also grew, albeit to a lesser extent, on media with a water potential as low as -7 Mpa. This suggests that olives with a low water potential, namely those subjected to drought, may offer a suitable environment for the fungus' development. The analysis of the meteorological parameters, temperatures and rainfall, in Salento in the timeframe 1989-2023, showed that this area is subjected to a progressive increase of temperature and drought during the summer. Thus, overall, D. seriata has to be considered a contributor to the manifestation of branch and twig dieback of olive in Salento. Coherently with the spiral decline concept of trees, our results suggest that heat and drought act as predisposing/inciting factors facilitating D. seriata as a contributor. The fact that several adverse factors, biotic and abiotic, are simultaneously burdening olive trees in Salento offers a cue to discuss the possible complex nature of the olive decline in Salento.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuliano Manetti
- Research Centre for Plant Protection and Certification (CREA-DC), Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), 00156 Rome, Italy; (G.M.); (A.B.); (L.S.); (V.L.); (S.B.)
| | - Angela Brunetti
- Research Centre for Plant Protection and Certification (CREA-DC), Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), 00156 Rome, Italy; (G.M.); (A.B.); (L.S.); (V.L.); (S.B.)
| | - Lorenzo Sciarroni
- Research Centre for Plant Protection and Certification (CREA-DC), Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), 00156 Rome, Italy; (G.M.); (A.B.); (L.S.); (V.L.); (S.B.)
| | - Valentina Lumia
- Research Centre for Plant Protection and Certification (CREA-DC), Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), 00156 Rome, Italy; (G.M.); (A.B.); (L.S.); (V.L.); (S.B.)
| | - Sara Bechini
- Research Centre for Plant Protection and Certification (CREA-DC), Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), 00156 Rome, Italy; (G.M.); (A.B.); (L.S.); (V.L.); (S.B.)
| | - Paolo Marangi
- Terranostra S.r.l.s., 72021 Francavilla Fontana, Italy;
| | - Massimo Reverberi
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University, 00165 Rome, Italy;
| | - Marco Scortichini
- Research Centre for Olive, Fruit Trees and Citrus Crops (CREA-OFA), Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), 00134 Rome, Italy;
| | - Massimo Pilotti
- Research Centre for Plant Protection and Certification (CREA-DC), Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA), 00156 Rome, Italy; (G.M.); (A.B.); (L.S.); (V.L.); (S.B.)
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Wang M, Wang Z, Ding Y, Kang S, Jiang S, Yang Z, Xie Z, Wang J, Wei S, Huang J, Li D, Jiang X, Tang H. Host-pathogen interaction between pitaya and Neoscytalidium dimidiatum reveals the mechanisms of immune response associated with defense regulators and metabolic pathways. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 24:4. [PMID: 38163897 PMCID: PMC10759344 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-023-04685-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Understanding how plants and pathogens regulate each other's gene expression during their interactions is key to revealing the mechanisms of disease resistance and controlling the development of pathogens. Despite extensive studies on the molecular and genetic basis of plant immunity against pathogens, the influence of pitaya immunity on N. dimidiatum metabolism to restrict pathogen growth is poorly understood, and how N. dimidiatum breaks through pitaya defenses. In this study, we used the RNA-seq method to assess the expression profiles of pitaya and N. dimidiatum at 4 time periods after interactions to capture the early effects of N. dimidiatum on pitaya processes. RESULTS The study defined the establishment of an effective method for analyzing transcriptome interactions between pitaya and N. dimidiatum and to obtain global expression profiles. We identified gene expression clusters in both the host pitaya and the pathogen N. dimidiatum. The analysis showed that numerous differentially expressed genes (DEGs) involved in the recognition and defense of pitaya against N. dimidiatum, as well as N. dimidiatum's evasion of recognition and inhibition of pitaya. The major functional groups identified by GO and KEGG enrichment were responsible for plant and pathogen recognition, phytohormone signaling (such as salicylic acid, abscisic acid). Furthermore, the gene expression of 13 candidate genes involved in phytopathogen recognition, phytohormone receptors, and the plant resistance gene (PG), as well as 7 effector genes of N. dimidiatum, including glycoside hydrolases, pectinase, and putative genes, were validated by qPCR. By focusing on gene expression changes during interactions between pitaya and N. dimidiatum, we were able to observe the infection of N. dimidiatum and its effects on the expression of various defense components and host immune receptors. CONCLUSION Our data show that various regulators of the immune response are modified during interactions between pitaya and N. dimidiatum. Furthermore, the activation and repression of these genes are temporally coordinated. These findings provide a framework for better understanding the pathogenicity of N. dimidiatum and its role as an opportunistic pathogen. This offers the potential for a more effective defense against N. dimidiatum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Wang
- School of Breeding and Multiplication, Hainan University, Sanya, 572025, China
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Zhouwen Wang
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
- Yazhou Bay Laboratory, Sanya, 572025, China
| | - Yi Ding
- School of Breeding and Multiplication, Hainan University, Sanya, 572025, China
| | - Shaoling Kang
- School of Breeding and Multiplication, Hainan University, Sanya, 572025, China
| | - Senrong Jiang
- School of Breeding and Multiplication, Hainan University, Sanya, 572025, China
| | - Zhuangjia Yang
- School of Breeding and Multiplication, Hainan University, Sanya, 572025, China
| | - Zhan Xie
- School of Breeding and Multiplication, Hainan University, Sanya, 572025, China
| | - Jialin Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Shuangshuang Wei
- College of Life Sciences, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Jiaquan Huang
- School of Breeding and Multiplication, Hainan University, Sanya, 572025, China
| | - Dongdong Li
- School of Breeding and Multiplication, Hainan University, Sanya, 572025, China
| | - Xingyu Jiang
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China.
- National Center of Technology Innovation for Saline-Alkali Tolerant Rice/College of Coastal Agricultural Sciences, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang, 524088, China.
| | - Hua Tang
- School of Breeding and Multiplication, Hainan University, Sanya, 572025, China.
- School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China.
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Leal C, Trotel-Aziz P, Gramaje D, Armengol J, Fontaine F. Exploring Factors Conditioning the Expression of Botryosphaeria Dieback in Grapevine for Integrated Management of the Disease. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2024; 114:21-34. [PMID: 37505093 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-04-23-0136-rvw] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Species from the Botryosphaeriaceae family are the causal agents of Botryosphaeria dieback (BD), a worldwide grapevine trunk disease. Because of their lifestyle and their adaptation to a wide range of temperatures, these fungi constitute a serious threat to vineyards and viticulture, especially in the actual context of climate change. Grapevine plants from both nurseries and vineyards are very susceptible to infections by botryosphaeriaceous fungi due to several cuts and wounds made during their propagation process and their entire life cycle, respectively. When decline becomes chronic or apoplectic, it reduces the longevity of the vineyard and affects the quality of the wine, leading to huge economic losses. Given the environmental impact of fungicides, and their short period of effectiveness in protecting pruning wounds, alternative strategies are being developed to fight BD fungal pathogens and limit their propagation. Among them, biological control has been recognized as a promising and sustainable alternative. However, there is still no effective strategy for combating this complex disease, conditioned by both fungal life traits and host tolerance traits, in relationships with the whole microbiome/microbiota. To provide sound guidance for an effective and sustainable integrated management of BD, by combining the limitation of infection risk, tolerant grapevine cultivars, and biological control, this review explores some of the factors conditioning the expression of BD in grapevine. Among them, the lifestyle of BD-associated pathogens, their pathogenicity factors, the cultivar traits of tolerance or susceptibility, and the biocontrol potential of Bacillus spp. and Trichoderma spp. are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catarina Leal
- University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Research Unit Résistance Induite et Bioprotection des Plantes RIBP EA 4707, INRAE USC 1488, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Reims, France
- Instituto Agroforestal Mediterráneo, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera S/N, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Patricia Trotel-Aziz
- University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Research Unit Résistance Induite et Bioprotection des Plantes RIBP EA 4707, INRAE USC 1488, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Reims, France
| | - David Gramaje
- Instituto de Ciencias de la Vid y del Vino (ICVV), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-Universidad de la Rioja-Gobierno de La Rioja, Ctra. LO-20 Salida 13, Finca La Grajera, 26071 Logroño, Spain
| | - Josep Armengol
- Instituto Agroforestal Mediterráneo, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera S/N, 46022 Valencia, Spain
| | - Florence Fontaine
- University of Reims Champagne-Ardenne, Research Unit Résistance Induite et Bioprotection des Plantes RIBP EA 4707, INRAE USC 1488, SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417, Reims, France
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Guan X, Pensec F. Editorial for the Special Issue: “Fungal Pathogenicity Factors”. Pathogens 2023; 12:pathogens12040539. [PMID: 37111425 PMCID: PMC10141338 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12040539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Pathogenicity factors are important aspects of the arsenal of fungal agents, allowing them to infect a broad range of hosts or to specifically target a crop by being capable of evading host defenses or having enzymatic activities that target plant tissues [...]
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Genome-Wide Identification and Characterisation of Stress-Associated Protein Gene Family to Biotic and Abiotic Stresses of Grapevine. Pathogens 2022; 11:pathogens11121426. [PMID: 36558760 PMCID: PMC9784323 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11121426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Grapevine is one of the earliest domesticated fruit crops and prized for its table fruits and wine worldwide. However, the concurrence of a number of biotic/abiotic stresses affects their yield. Stress-associated proteins (SAPs) play important roles in response to both biotic and abiotic stresses in plants. Despite the growing number of studies on the genomic organisation of SAP gene family in various species, little is known about this family in grapevines (Vitis vinifera L.). In this study, a total of 15 genes encoding proteins possessing A20/AN1 zinc-finger were identified based on the analysis of several genomic and proteomic grapevine databases. According to their structural and phylogenetics features, the identified SAPs were classified into three main groups. Results from sequence alignments, phylogenetics, genomics structure and conserved domains indicated that grapevine SAPs are highly and structurally conserved. In order to shed light on their regulatory roles in growth and development, as well as the responses to biotic/abiotic stresses in grapevine, the expression profiles of SAPs were examined in publicly available microarray data. Bioinformatics analysis revealed distinct temporal and spatial expression patterns of SAPs in various tissues, organs and developmental stages, as well as in response to biotic/abiotic stresses. This study provides insight into the evolution of SAP genes in grapevine and may aid in efforts for further functional identification of A20/AN1-type proteins in the signalling cross-talking induced by biotic/abiotic stresses.
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