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Alimi D, Trabelsi N, Hajri A, Amor MB, Mejri A, Jallouli S, Sebai H. Laboratory assessment of the acaricidal, repellent and anti-cholinesterase effects of Melaleuca alternifolia and Chamaemelum nobile essential oils against Hyalomma scupense ticks. Vet Res Commun 2024; 48:1379-1391. [PMID: 38267710 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-024-10313-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
In cattle, Hyalomma scupense serves as an important vector of several pathogens resulting in diseases, subsequently affecting the agricultural field as well as the economy. Resistance to chemical acaricides has become widespread affirming the need for new drugs to tick control. The goal of this study was to investigate the acaricidal, repellent activities as well as the putative mode of action of two essential oils (EOs) from Melaleuca alternifolia (Tea tree) and Chamaemelum nobile (Roman chamomile) on Hyalomma scupense. The chemical composition of EOs was also evaluated. Different concentrations of EOs were tested in vitro for their acaricidal property on adults and larvae of H. scupense using adult immersion test (AIT) and larval packet test (LPT). Additionally, using Ellman's spectrophotometric method, the anticholinesterase (AChE) inhibition activity of M. alternifolia and C. nobile EOs was assessed in order to understand their putative mode of action. The main compounds of C. nobile were α-Bisabolene (22.20%) and (E)-β-Famesene (20.41%). The major components in the analyzed M. alternifolia were Terpinen-4-ol (36.32%) and γ-Terpinene (13.69%). Adulticidal and larvicidal assays demonstrated a promising efficacy of the essential oils against tick H. scupense. The lethal concentration (LC50) values obtained for M. alternifolia and C. nobile oils were 0.84 and 0.96 mg/mL in the AIT and 0.37 and 0.48 mg/mL in the LPT, respectively. Regarding repellent activity, M. alternifolia achieved 100% repellency at the concentration of 1 mg/mL while C. nobile showed 95.98% repellency activity at concentration of 4 mg/mL. Also, M. alternifolia and C. nobile EOs displayed potent AChE inhibition with IC50 value of 91.27 and 100.12 μg/mL, respectively. In the present study, M. alternifolia and, to a lesser degree, C. nobile EOs were found to be effective in vitro acaricides, repellents and acetylcholinesterase inhibitor against H. scupense ticks. These plants may represent an economical and sustainable alternative to toxic synthetic acaricides in the management of ectoparasites of veterinary importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dhouha Alimi
- Laboratory of Functional Physiology and Valorization of Bio-Resources (LR23ES08), Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja, University of Jendouba, Habib Bourguiba Street, Box 382, 9000, Beja, Tunisia.
| | - Najla Trabelsi
- Laboratory of Olive Biotechnology, Center of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Azhar Hajri
- Laboratory of Functional Physiology and Valorization of Bio-Resources (LR23ES08), Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja, University of Jendouba, Habib Bourguiba Street, Box 382, 9000, Beja, Tunisia
| | - Marwa Ben Amor
- Laboratory of Olive Biotechnology, Center of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Asma Mejri
- Laboratory of Olive Biotechnology, Center of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Selim Jallouli
- Laboratory of Bioactive Substances, Centre of Biotechnology of Borj-Cedria, Box 901, 2050, Hammam-Lif, Tunisia
| | - Hichem Sebai
- Laboratory of Functional Physiology and Valorization of Bio-Resources (LR23ES08), Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Beja, University of Jendouba, Habib Bourguiba Street, Box 382, 9000, Beja, Tunisia
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Mohamed HI, Arafa WM, Ahmed OM, El-Dakhly KM. Ovicidal, larvicidal and adulticidal activity of black pepper ( Piper nigrum L.) essential oil and tea tree oil ( Melaleuca alternifolia) against Haemonchus contortus. J Parasit Dis 2024; 48:117-133. [PMID: 38440752 PMCID: PMC10908739 DOI: 10.1007/s12639-024-01650-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Haemonchosis is a worldwide helminthic disease affecting ruminants. The anthelminthic resistance has become raised. Medicinal plants are safely used as synthetic anthelmintics. Currently, the efficacy of black pepper essential oil (BPO) and tea tree oil (TTO) were in vitro evaluated against Haemonchus contortus adults, eggs and larvae at concentrations of 1.25, 2.5 and 5 mg/ml in addition to the commercially used albendazole at a concentration of 10 μg/ml. Oils were used in both normal and nanoparticles-loaded forms. Oxidative stress enzymes of worms were estimated. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for treated worms was done. Both normal and nanoemulsion forms of both BPO and TTO stopped the adult motility [BPO 2.5 h (hrs), NBPO 1.5 h, TTO 3 h, NTTO 1.5 h] and induced a marked decrease in the oviposition. Post treatment, the egg development and hatching were significantly (P ≤ 0.05) reduced. The damage of the egg shell, embryonal cessation and destruction of larvae occurred. Noticeable elevated antioxidant enzymes (catalase CAT, glutathione transferase GST and glutathione GSH) were found, while oxidative enzymes (lipid peroxidation LPO and nitric oxide synthase NOS) decreased. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) for both oil-treated worms revealed anterior ends damage and several cuts associated with cuticular pores. The use of albendazole induced more or less anthelmintic and enzymatic activities with less morphological alterations of adults revealed by SEM. This study proved the marked anthelmintic potency of the BPO and TTO and their nanoemulsion forms against H. contortus rather than the widely used anthelmintic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hend Ibrahim Mohamed
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62511 Egypt
| | - Waleed M. Arafa
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62511 Egypt
| | - Osama M. Ahmed
- Physiology Division, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Sciences, Beni-Suef University, P.O. Box 63521, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Khaled Mohamed El-Dakhly
- Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, 62511 Egypt
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Nasser R, Ibrahim E, Fouad H, Ahmad F, Li W, Zhou Q, Yu T, Chidwala N, Mo J. Termiticidal, biochemical, and morpho-histological effects of botanical based nanoemulsion against a subterranean termite, Odontotermes Formosanus Shiraki. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 14:1292272. [PMID: 38259939 PMCID: PMC10800573 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1292272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Recently, the use of nanopesticides has shown significant efficacy in the control of many pests. However, the effect of nanopesticides, especially nanoemulsions, on suppressing termites, Odontotermes formosanus (Shiraki, 1909) (O. formosanus), has not been studied yet. Therefore, this study aimed to produce nanoemulsions of the essential oils of eucalyptus (Eucalyptus globulus Labill; E-EO) and nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Houtt; N-EO) to suppress O. formosanus. The analysis of eucalyptus nanoemulsion (E-NE) and nutmeg nanoemulsion (N-NE) was confirmed by using UV-Vis, dynamic light scattering, zeta potential, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and energy dispersive spectroscopy. In addition, chemical analysis by Gas Chromatography with a mass spectrometer (GC-MS) exhibited the major constituents of E-NE and N-NE. The principal chemical components of E-NE included D-limonene, eucalyptol, 1,5-cyclooctadiene,3,4-dimethyl, benzene, and 1-methyl-3-(1 methylethyl)-, while the main constituents in N-NE were cyclohexane,1-methylene-4-(1 methylethenyl)-, eucalyptol, and L-. alpha. -terpineol. The mortality rates were 100% and 99.53%, respectively, after 24 hours of treatment with a concentration of 140 mg/mL, compared to 23.43% and 43.55%, respectively, from E-EO and N-EO treatment. These results refer to the essential oils' nanoemulsion as far more effective than the essential oils themselves. Furthermore, the effects of E-NE and N-NE on detoxification enzymes such as acetylcholinesterase, carboxylesterase, acid and alkaline phosphatase were investigated, as well as total protein concentrations, and the results have been found to be significantly increasing or decreasing in comparison with control. Besides, histological and morphological alterations found post exposure to E-NE and N-NE were shown. Overall, the results from this study clearly indicate that the nanopesticide-formulated nanoemulsions may have great potential to be used as novel, environmentally safe insecticides for controlling O. formosanus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raghda Nasser
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Sciences, College of Agricultural and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Zoology and Entomology Department, Faculty of Science, Minia University, El-Minia, Egypt
| | - Ezzeldin Ibrahim
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Breeding, Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Vegetable Diseases Research, Plant Pathology Research Institute, Agriculture Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | - Hatem Fouad
- Department of Field Crop Pests, Plant Protection Research Institute, Agricultural Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Farhan Ahmad
- Entomology Section, Central Cotton Research Institute, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Wuhan Li
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Sciences, College of Agricultural and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qihuan Zhou
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Sciences, College of Agricultural and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ting Yu
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Sciences, College of Agricultural and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Nooney Chidwala
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Sciences, College of Agricultural and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jianchu Mo
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests, Key Laboratory of Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Insect Sciences, College of Agricultural and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Medeleanu ML, Fărcaș AC, Coman C, Leopold L, Diaconeasa Z, Socaci SA. Citrus essential oils - Based nano-emulsions: Functional properties and potential applications. Food Chem X 2023; 20:100960. [PMID: 38144864 PMCID: PMC10740136 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2023.100960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Citrus essential oils are natural products with various bioactive properties (e.g., antimicrobial, antioxidant, and antimutagenic activities), that are generally recognized as safe (GRAS) by Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to be used as flavorings and food additives. Nonetheless, due to their high volatility, low solubility in water, low thermal stability, susceptibility to oxidation, and strong flavor, their applications in the food industry are limited. Nanotechnology allows the incorporation of citrus essential oils into nano-emulsion systems, thus protecting them from the deterioration caused by external factors and maintaining or even improving their functional properties. This study aims to summarize the antioxidant, antimicrobial, and antimutagenic effects of the nano-emulsions based on essential oils from citrus peels with emphasis on their mechanisms of action and potential applications in, e.g., foods, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mădălina Lorena Medeleanu
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Calea Mănăștur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Anca Corina Fărcaș
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Calea Mănăștur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Cristina Coman
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Calea Mănăștur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Loredana Leopold
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Calea Mănăștur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Zorița Diaconeasa
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Calea Mănăștur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Sonia Ancuța Socaci
- Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Calea Mănăștur 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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