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Ejaz H, Qamar MU, Farhana A, Younas S, Batool A, Lone D, Atif M, Alruways MW, Alruwaili M, Hamad I, Selim S, Mazhari BBZ, Farooq A, Junaid K. The Rising Tide of Antibiotic Resistance: A Study on Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase and Carbapenem-Resistant Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae. J Clin Lab Anal 2024:e25081. [PMID: 38884333 DOI: 10.1002/jcla.25081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 06/02/2024] [Indexed: 06/18/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The global spread of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing and carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) poses a significant concern. Acquisition of antimicrobial resistance genes leads to resistance against several antibiotics, limiting treatment options. We aimed to study ESBL-producing and CRE transmission in clinical settings. METHODS From clinical samples, 227 ESBL-producing and CRE isolates were obtained. The isolates were cultured on bacterial media and confirmed by VITEK 2. Antibiograms were tested against several antibiotics using VITEK 2. The acquired resistance genes were identified by PCR. RESULTS Of the 227 clinical isolates, 145 (63.8%) were Klebsiella pneumoniae and 82 (36.1%) were Escherichia coli; 76 (33.4%) isolates were detected in urine, 57 (25.1%) in pus swabs, and 53 (23.3%) in blood samples. A total of 58 (70.7%) ESBL-producing E. coli were resistant to beta-lactams, except for carbapenems, and 17.2% were amikacin-resistant; 29.2% of E. coli isolates were resistant to carbapenems. A total of 106 (73.1%) ESBL-producing K. pneumoniae were resistant to all beta-lactams, except for carbapenems, and 66.9% to ciprofloxacin; 38 (26.2%) K. pneumoniae were resistant to carbapenems. Colistin emerged as the most effective antibiotic against both bacterial types. Twelve (20.6%) E. coli isolates were positive for blaCTX-M, 11 (18.9%) for blaTEM, and 8 (33.3%) for blaNDM. Forty-six (52.3%) K. pneumoniae isolates had blaCTX-M, 27 (18.6%) blaTEM, and 26 (68.4%) blaNDM. CONCLUSION This study found a high prevalence of drug-resistant ESBL-producing and CRE, highlighting the need for targeted antibiotic use to combat resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hasan Ejaz
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muhammad Usman Qamar
- Institute of Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Geneva University Hospitals and Medical School, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Aisha Farhana
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sonia Younas
- HKU-Pasteur Research Pole, School of Public Health, LKS Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Alia Batool
- Department of Pathology, Fatima Memorial Hospital College of Medicine and Dentistry, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Durreshahwar Lone
- Department of Pathology, Fatima Memorial Hospital College of Medicine and Dentistry, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Atif
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mashael W Alruways
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Shaqra University, Shaqra, Saudi Arabia
| | - Muharib Alruwaili
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ismail Hamad
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Samy Selim
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Sakaka, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bi Bi Zainab Mazhari
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Qurayyat, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali Farooq
- Department of Internal Medicine, T.H.Q. Hospital Pirmahal, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Kashaf Junaid
- School of Biological and Behavioural Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
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Khan MU, Romance M, Polash MAUZ, Zahan N, Ali MS, Raihan J, Sarker S, Haque MH. Draft genome sequence of carbapenems-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii Hakim RU_CBWP strain isolated from a pond surface water in Bangladesh. Microbiol Resour Announc 2024:e0044024. [PMID: 38864657 DOI: 10.1128/mra.00440-24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 06/13/2024] Open
Abstract
We have revealed the genomic sequence of Acinetobacter baumannii strain Hakim RU_CBWP isolated from pond surface water. Our assembled genome covers 3.787 Mb with 45.5629× coverage, showcasing an average GC content of 38.60%. This genome contains two CRISPR arrays, 17 prophages, 22 antibiotic resistance genes, and 20 virulence factor genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhib Ullah Khan
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - M Romance
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | | | - Nusrat Zahan
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Md Sumon Ali
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Jafor Raihan
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Subir Sarker
- Biomedical Sciences & Molecular Biology, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
| | - Md Hakimul Haque
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
- Biomedical Sciences & Molecular Biology, College of Public Health, Medical and Veterinary Sciences, James Cook University, Townsville, Queensland, Australia
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Ramos B, Cunha MV. The mobilome of Staphylococcus aureus from wild ungulates reveals epidemiological links at the animal-human interface. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 356:124241. [PMID: 38825220 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 04/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/26/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus thrives at animal-human-environment interfaces. A large-scale work from our group indicated that antimicrobial resistance (AMR) in commensal S. aureus strains from wild ungulates is associated with agricultural land cover and livestock farming, raising the hypothesis that AMR genes in wildlife strains may originate from different hosts, namely via exchange of mobile genetic elements (MGE). In this work, we generate the largest available dataset of S. aureus draft genomes from wild ungulates in Portugal and explore their mobilome, which can determine important traits such as AMR, virulence, and host specificity, to understand MGE exchange. Core genome multi-locus sequence typing based on 98 newly generated draft genomes and 101 publicly available genomes from Portugal demonstrated that the genomic relatedness of S. aureus from wild ungulates assigned to livestock-associated sequence types (ST) is greater compared to wild ungulate isolates assigned to human-associated STs. Screening of host specificity determinants disclosed the unexpected presence in wildlife of the immune evasion cluster encoded in φSa3 prophage, described as a human-specific virulence determinant. Additionally, two plasmids, pAVX and pETB, previously associated with avian species and humans, respectively, and the Tn553 transposon were detected. Both pETB and Tn553 encode penicillin resistance through blaZ. Pangenome analysis of wild ungulate isolates shows a core genome fraction of 2133 genes, with isolates assigned to ST72 and ST3224 being distinguished from the remaining by MGEs, although there is no reported role of these in adaptation to wildlife. AMR related gene clusters found in the shell genome are directly linked to resistance against penicillin, macrolides, fosfomycin, and aminoglycosides, and they represent mobile ARGs. Altogether, our findings support epidemiological interactions of human and non-human hosts at interfaces, with MGE exchange, including AMR determinants, associated with putative indirect movements of S. aureus among human and wildlife hosts that might be bridged by livestock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Ramos
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c) & CHANGE - Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal; Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI), Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Mónica V Cunha
- Centre for Ecology, Evolution and Environmental Changes (cE3c) & CHANGE - Global Change and Sustainability Institute, Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal; Biosystems and Integrative Sciences Institute (BioISI), Faculdade de Ciências da Universidade de Lisboa, 1749-016, Lisboa, Portugal.
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Eeckhaut V, Van Rysselberghe N, Verbanck S, Ducatelle R, Van Immerseel F. Oral vaccination of young broilers with a live Salmonella Typhimurium vaccine reduces caecal and internal organ colonization following a Salmonella Infantis challenge in a seeder bird model. Avian Pathol 2024:1-20. [PMID: 38813600 DOI: 10.1080/03079457.2024.2362223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Poultry products are an important source of foodborne Salmonella infections in humans. Amongst these, the prevalence of S. Infantis is rising. In this study the protection efficacy of an authorized live attenuated S. Typhimurium vaccine against S. Infantis, was examined using a seeder bird model in broilers. Vaccinated birds displayed a significantly lower colonization of S. Infantis bacteria in the caeca compared to the non-vaccinated counterparts (p = 0.017), with no significant differences observed in the spleen among the groups, three days post infection. Thirty-two days post-infection, the disparity in average S. Infantis concentration between all-vaccinated and non-vaccinated birds was significant in both caeca (p = 0.0003) and spleen (p = 0.0002). Interestingly, a third group, consisting of seeder birds that were not vaccinated but housed with vaccinated penmates, exhibited significantly lower S. Infantis levels in both caeca (p = 0.0014) and spleen (p < 0.0001) compared to the non-vaccinated group.These findings underscore the potential of a live attenuated S. Typhimurium vaccine administered to 2-day old chicks in conferring protection against S. Infantis in broilers up to slaughter age.
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Affiliation(s)
- Venessa Eeckhaut
- Department of Pathobiology, Pharmacology and Zoological Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Nathalie Van Rysselberghe
- Department of Pathobiology, Pharmacology and Zoological Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Serge Verbanck
- Department of Pathobiology, Pharmacology and Zoological Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Richard Ducatelle
- Department of Pathobiology, Pharmacology and Zoological Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Filip Van Immerseel
- Department of Pathobiology, Pharmacology and Zoological Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
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Bonilla-Aldana DK, Jiménez-Diaz SD, Lozada-Riascos C, Silva-Cajaleon K, Rodríguez-Morales AJ. Mapping Bovine Tuberculosis in Colombia, 2001-2019. Vet Sci 2024; 11:220. [PMID: 38787192 PMCID: PMC11125619 DOI: 10.3390/vetsci11050220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Bovine tuberculosis is a zoonotic disease of significant impact, particularly in countries where a pastoral economy is predominant. Despite its importance, few studies have analysed the disease's behaviour in Colombia, and none have developed maps using geographic information systems (GIS) to characterise it; as such, we developed this study to describe the temporal-spatial distribution of bovine tuberculosis in Colombia over a period of 19 years. METHODS A retrospective cross-sectional descriptive study, based on reports by the Colombian Agricultural Institute (ICA), surveillance of tuberculosis on cattle farms in Colombia from 2001 to 2019 was carried out. The data were converted into databases using Microsoft Access 365®, and multiple epidemiological maps were generated with the QGIS® version 3.36 software coupled to shape files of all the country's departments. RESULTS During the study period, 5273 bovine tuberculosis cases were identified in multiple different departments of Colombia (with a mean of 278 cases/year). Regarding its temporal distribution, the number of cases varied from a maximum of 903 cases (17.12% of the total) in 2015 to a minimum of 0 between 2001 and 2004 and between 2017 and 2019 (between 2005 and 2016, the minimum was 46 cases, 0.87%). CONCLUSIONS GIS are essential for understanding the temporospatial behaviour of zoonotic diseases in Colombia, as is the case for bovine tuberculosis, with its potential implications for the Human and One Health approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - S. Daniela Jiménez-Diaz
- Grupo Colaborativo de Investigación en Enfermedades Transmitidas por Vectores, Zoonóticas y Tropicales de Risaralda (GETZ), Pereira, Risaralda 660001, Colombia;
| | | | - Kenneth Silva-Cajaleon
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Health Sciences, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima 15307, Peru; (K.S.-C.); (A.J.R.-M.)
| | - Alfonso J. Rodríguez-Morales
- Faculty of Environmental Sciences and Health Sciences, Universidad Científica del Sur, Lima 15307, Peru; (K.S.-C.); (A.J.R.-M.)
- Grupo de Investigación Biomedicina, Faculty of Medicine, Fundación Universitaria Autónoma de las Américas-Institución Universitaria Visión de las Américas, Pereira, Risaralda 660003, Colombia
- Gilbert and Rose-Marie Chagoury School of Medicine, Lebanese American University, Beirut P.O. Box 36-5053, Lebanon
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Lu T, Das S, Howlader DR, Picking WD, Picking WL. Shigella Vaccines: The Continuing Unmet Challenge. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:4329. [PMID: 38673913 PMCID: PMC11050647 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25084329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 04/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Shigellosis is a severe gastrointestinal disease that annually affects approximately 270 million individuals globally. It has particularly high morbidity and mortality in low-income regions; however, it is not confined to these regions and occurs in high-income nations when conditions allow. The ill effects of shigellosis are at their highest in children ages 2 to 5, with survivors often exhibiting impaired growth due to infection-induced malnutrition. The escalating threat of antibiotic resistance further amplifies shigellosis as a serious public health concern. This review explores Shigella pathology, with a primary focus on the status of Shigella vaccine candidates. These candidates include killed whole-cells, live attenuated organisms, LPS-based, and subunit vaccines. The strengths and weaknesses of each vaccination strategy are considered. The discussion includes potential Shigella immunogens, such as LPS, conserved T3SS proteins, outer membrane proteins, diverse animal models used in Shigella vaccine research, and innovative vaccine development approaches. Additionally, this review addresses ongoing challenges that necessitate action toward advancing effective Shigella prevention and control measures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ti Lu
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology and Bond Life Science Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65201, USA; (D.R.H.); (W.D.P.)
| | - Sayan Das
- Department of Microbial Pathogenesis, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA;
| | - Debaki R. Howlader
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology and Bond Life Science Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65201, USA; (D.R.H.); (W.D.P.)
| | - William D. Picking
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology and Bond Life Science Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65201, USA; (D.R.H.); (W.D.P.)
| | - Wendy L. Picking
- Department of Veterinary Pathobiology and Bond Life Science Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, MO 65201, USA; (D.R.H.); (W.D.P.)
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Mondal AH, Khare K, Saxena P, Debnath P, Mukhopadhyay K, Yadav D. A Review on Colistin Resistance: An Antibiotic of Last Resort. Microorganisms 2024; 12:772. [PMID: 38674716 PMCID: PMC11051878 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12040772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Antibiotic resistance has emerged as a significant global public health issue, driven by the rapid adaptation of microorganisms to commonly prescribed antibiotics. Colistin, previously regarded as a last-resort antibiotic for treating infections caused by Gram-negative bacteria, is increasingly becoming resistant due to chromosomal mutations and the acquisition of resistance genes carried by plasmids, particularly the mcr genes. The mobile colistin resistance gene (mcr-1) was first discovered in E. coli from China in 2016. Since that time, studies have reported different variants of mcr genes ranging from mcr-1 to mcr-10, mainly in Enterobacteriaceae from various parts of the world, which is a major concern for public health. The co-presence of colistin-resistant genes with other antibiotic resistance determinants further complicates treatment strategies and underscores the urgent need for enhanced surveillance and antimicrobial stewardship efforts. Therefore, understanding the mechanisms driving colistin resistance and monitoring its global prevalence are essential steps in addressing the growing threat of antimicrobial resistance and preserving the efficacy of existing antibiotics. This review underscores the critical role of colistin as a last-choice antibiotic, elucidates the mechanisms of colistin resistance and the dissemination of resistant genes, explores the global prevalence of mcr genes, and evaluates the current detection methods for colistin-resistant bacteria. The objective is to shed light on these key aspects with strategies for combating the growing threat of resistance to antibiotics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aftab Hossain Mondal
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Shree Guru Gobind Singh Tricentenary University, Gurugram 122505, Haryana, India; (A.H.M.); (P.D.)
| | - Kriti Khare
- Antimicrobial Research Laboratory, School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India; (K.K.); (P.S.); (K.M.)
| | - Prachika Saxena
- Antimicrobial Research Laboratory, School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India; (K.K.); (P.S.); (K.M.)
| | - Parbati Debnath
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Shree Guru Gobind Singh Tricentenary University, Gurugram 122505, Haryana, India; (A.H.M.); (P.D.)
| | - Kasturi Mukhopadhyay
- Antimicrobial Research Laboratory, School of Environmental Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi 110067, India; (K.K.); (P.S.); (K.M.)
| | - Dhananjay Yadav
- Department of Life Science, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan 712-749, Republic of Korea
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Yan Z, Ju X, Zhang Y, Wu Y, Sun Y, Xiong P, Li Y, Li R, Zhang R. Analysis of the transmission chain of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacter cloacae complex infections in clinical, intestinal and healthcare settings in Zhejiang province, China (2022-2023). THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 920:170635. [PMID: 38340846 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.170635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 01/12/2024] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Considerable attention is given to intensive care unit-acquired infections; however, research on the transmission dynamics of multichain carbapenemase-resistant Enterobacter cloacae complex (CRECC) outbreaks remains elusive. A total of 118 non-duplicated CRECC strains were isolated from the clinical, intestinal, and hospital sewage samples collected from Zhejiang province of China during 2022-2023. A total of 64 CRECC strains were isolated from the hospital sewage samples, and their prevalence increased from 10.0 % (95 % confidence interval, CI = 0.52-45.8 %) in 2022 to 63.6 % (95 % CI = 31.6-87.6 %) in 2023. Species-specific identification revealed that Enterobacter hormaechei was the predominant CRECC species isolated in this study (53.4 %, 95 % CI = 44.0-62.6 %). The antimicrobial susceptibility profiles indicated that all 118 CRECC strains conferred high-level resistance to β-lactam antibiotics, ceftacillin/avibactam, and polymyxin. Furthermore, all CRECC strains exhibited resistance to β-lactams, quinolones, and fosfomycin, with a higher colistin resistance rate observed in the hospital sewage samples (67.2 %, 95 % CI = 54.2-78.1 %). Several antibiotic resistance genes were identified in CRECC strains, including Class A carbapenemases (blaKPC-2) and Class B carbapenemases (blaNDM-1/blaIMP), but not Class D carbapenemases. The WGS analysis showed that the majority of the CRECC strains carried carbapenemase-encoding genes, with blaNDM-1 being the most prevalent (86.9 %, 95 % CI = 77.4-92.9 %). Furthermore, sequence typing revealed that the isolated CRECC strains belonged to diverse sequence types (STs), among which ST418 was the most prevalent blaNDM-positive strain. The high risk of carbapenemase-producing ST418 E. hormaechei and the blaNDM-harboring IncFIB-type plasmid (81.4 %, 95 % CI = 72.9-87.7 %) were detected and emphasized in this study. This study provides valuable insights into the prevalence, antimicrobial resistance, genomic characteristics, and plasmid analysis of CRECC strains in diverse populations and environments. The clonal relatedness analysis showed sporadic clonal transmission of ST418 E. hormaechei strains, supporting inter-hospital transmission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zelin Yan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyang Ju
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanyan Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuchen Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Panfeng Xiong
- Joint Laboratory for Animal Health Big Data Analytics, College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yan Li
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Ruichao Li
- Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, College of Veterinary Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Rong Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
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Fatima A, Saleem M, Nawaz S, Khalid L, Riaz S, Sajid I. Prevalence and antibiotics resistance status of Salmonella in raw meat consumed in various areas of Lahore, Pakistan. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22205. [PMID: 38097737 PMCID: PMC10721833 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49487-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
This study reports the prevalence and antibiotics resistance status of Salmonella detected in raw meat from Lahore, Pakistan. Overall, N = 111 meat samples, were collected from local markets. Salmonella was recovered from 57 (51.35%) samples, including 45.83% of poultry, 60% of buffalo, 64.28% of cow, and 60% of goat meat samples. The predominant Salmonella strains were Salmonella enterica serovars; Typhimurium (45.4%), Typhi (27.2%), and Enteritidis (18.1%), identified by VITEK system and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The isolates exhibited high resistance to Erythromycin (100%), Cefepime (98.24%), Colistin (94.73%), Azithromycin (92.98%), Tetracycline (87.71%), Polymyxin B (84.21%), Ciprofloxacin (84.21%), Trimethoprim-Sulfamethoxazole (80.70%), Nalidixic Acid (80.70%), Kanamycin (78.94%), Chloramphenicol (77.19%), Streptomycin (71.92%) and Ampicillin (64.91%). While the isolates exhibited more susceptibility to Meropenem (75.43%) and Amikacin (73.68%). N = 8 strains were designated as Multidrug Resistant (MDR) and N = 3 as Extensively Drug-Resistant (XDR) Salmonella. The PCR-based detection of resistance genes revealed the presence of blaTEM-1 gene (100%), catA1 gene (64%), and gyrA gene (18%). The whole genome sequencing (WGS) of two selected strains and subsequent downstream analysis confirmed the strains as MDR and XDR Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi. The study showed that raw meat consumed in Lahore carries a significantly high number of drug-resistant Salmonella.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiman Fatima
- Institute of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan
| | - Maira Saleem
- Institute of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Nawaz
- Institute of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan
| | - Linta Khalid
- Institute of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan
| | - Saba Riaz
- Institute of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan
| | - Imran Sajid
- Institute of Microbiology and Molecular Genetics, University of the Punjab, Lahore, 54590, Pakistan.
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Al-Qadsy I, Saeed WS, Al-Owais AA, Semlali A, Alrabie A, Al-Faqeeh LAS, ALSaeedy M, Al-Adhreai A, Al-Odayni AB, Farooqui M. Antimicrobial Activity of Novel Ni(II) and Zn(II) Complexes with (E)-2-((5-Bromothiazol-2-yl)imino)methyl)phenol Ligand: Synthesis, Characterization and Molecular Docking Studies. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1634. [PMID: 37998835 PMCID: PMC10669075 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12111634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
In order to address the challenges associated with antibiotic resistance by bacteria, two new complexes, Ni(II) and Zn(II), have been synthesized using the conventional method based on Schiff base ligand (E)-2-((5-bromothiazol-2-yl) imino) methyl) phenol. The Schiff base ligand (HL) was synthesized using salicylaldehyde and 5-(4-bromophenyl)thiazol-2-amine in both traditional and efficient, ecologically friendly, microwave-assisted procedures. The ligand and its complexes were evaluated by elemental analyses, FTIR spectroscopy, UV-Vis spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and magnetic susceptibility. The ligand and its complexes were tested for antibacterial activity against three Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 43300 and Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212) and three Gram-negative bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 27853, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922 and Klebsiella pneumoniae ATCC 700603). The findings demonstrate the potent activity of the ligand and its complexes against selective bacteria but the Ni(II) complex with MIC values ranging from 1.95 to 7.81 µg/mL outperformed all other compounds, including the widely used antibiotic Streptomycin. Furthermore, the docking study provided evidence supporting the validity of the antimicrobial results, since the Ni complex showed superior binding affinity against to E. coli NAD synthetase, which had a docking score (-7.61 kcal/mol).
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Affiliation(s)
- Inas Al-Qadsy
- Chemistry Department, Maulana Azad College of Arts, Science and Commerce, Aurangabad 431001, India
| | - Waseem Sharaf Saeed
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, P.O. Box 60169, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia; (W.S.S.)
| | - Ahmad Abdulaziz Al-Owais
- Chemistry Department, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdelhabib Semlali
- Groupe de Recherche en Écologie Buccale, Faculté de Médecin Dentaire, Université Laval, Quebec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Ali Alrabie
- Chemistry Department, Maulana Azad College of Arts, Science and Commerce, Aurangabad 431001, India
| | | | - Mohammed ALSaeedy
- Chemistry Department, Maulana Azad College of Arts, Science and Commerce, Aurangabad 431001, India
| | - Arwa Al-Adhreai
- Chemistry Department, Maulana Azad College of Arts, Science and Commerce, Aurangabad 431001, India
| | - Abdel-Basit Al-Odayni
- Department of Restorative Dental Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, P.O. Box 60169, Riyadh 11545, Saudi Arabia; (W.S.S.)
| | - Mazahar Farooqui
- Chemistry Department, Maulana Azad College of Arts, Science and Commerce, Aurangabad 431001, India
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Bianconi I, Aschbacher R, Pagani E. Current Uses and Future Perspectives of Genomic Technologies in Clinical Microbiology. Antibiotics (Basel) 2023; 12:1580. [PMID: 37998782 PMCID: PMC10668849 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics12111580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Recent advancements in sequencing technology and data analytics have led to a transformative era in pathogen detection and typing. These developments not only expedite the process, but also render it more cost-effective. Genomic analyses of infectious diseases are swiftly becoming the standard for pathogen analysis and control. Additionally, national surveillance systems can derive substantial benefits from genomic data, as they offer profound insights into pathogen epidemiology and the emergence of antimicrobial-resistant strains. Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a pressing global public health issue. While clinical laboratories have traditionally relied on culture-based antimicrobial susceptibility testing, the integration of genomic data into AMR analysis holds immense promise. Genomic-based AMR data can furnish swift, consistent, and highly accurate predictions of resistance phenotypes for specific strains or populations, all while contributing invaluable insights for surveillance. Moreover, genome sequencing assumes a pivotal role in the investigation of hospital outbreaks. It aids in the identification of infection sources, unveils genetic connections among isolates, and informs strategies for infection control. The One Health initiative, with its focus on the intricate interconnectedness of humans, animals, and the environment, seeks to develop comprehensive approaches for disease surveillance, control, and prevention. When integrated with epidemiological data from surveillance systems, genomic data can forecast the expansion of bacterial populations and species transmissions. Consequently, this provides profound insights into the evolution and genetic relationships of AMR in pathogens, hosts, and the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Bianconi
- Laboratory of Microbiology and Virology, Provincial Hospital of Bolzano (SABES-ASDAA), Lehrkrankenhaus der Paracelsus Medizinischen Privatuniversitätvia Amba Alagi 5, 39100 Bolzano, Italy; (R.A.); (E.P.)
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