Salmonella Typhimurium Triggered Unilateral Epididymo-Orchitis and Splenomegaly in a Holstein Bull in Assiut, Egypt: A Case Report

Epididymitis with Pasteurella multocida isolated from two male Japanese Black beef calves

Two male Japanese Black calves developed an enlarged scrotum and testis. Orchiectomy was performed and pus was collected during surgery. After removal of the testis, bacteriological and histopathological examinations were conducted to investigate the cause and confirm the diagnosis. Based on the results obtained, both cases were diagnosed with epididymitis caused by an infection with Pasteurella multocida. This is the first study to show that P. multocida causes epididymitis in male calves. Further studies are required to clarify the details underlying the infection of calves with P. multocida.

Fibrinonecrotic enteritis and orchitis associated with Salmonella enterica subsp houtenae infection in a short-tailed boa (Boa constrictor amarali)

Salmonella enterica subsp houtenae has been recovered from a wide variety of species, including reptiles, and has been linked to important clinical manifestations in snakes and lizards. We describe a case of concomitant fibrinonecrotic enteritis and orchitis associated with S. enterica subsp houtenae infection in a short-tailed boa (Boa constrictor amarali). At necropsy, the mucosa of the large intestine was covered by a focally extensive fibrinonecrotic exudate (diphtheritic pseudomembrane). The left testicle was enlarged, firm and diffusely expanded by a thick fibrinous yellow exudate. Polymerase chain reaction and conclusive antigenic testing indicated that the bacteria isolated from the lesions were S. enterica subsp houtenae, and the virulence genes InvA, slyA, stn and spvC were identified. This report reinforces that, although S. enterica subsp houtenae has been isolated from asymptomatic reptiles, it has the potential to cause life-threatening disease in snakes.