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Bendi A, Taruna, Rajni, Kataria S, Singh L, Kennedy JF, Supuran CT, Raghav N. Chemistry of heterocycles as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors: A pathway to novel research in medicinal chemistry review. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2024; 357:e2400073. [PMID: 38683875 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202400073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2024] [Revised: 03/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
Nowadays, the scientific community has focused on dealing with different kinds of diseases by exploring the chemistry of various heterocycles as novel drugs. In this connection, medicinal chemists identified carbonic anhydrases (CA) as one of the biologically active targets for curing various diseases. The widespread distribution of these enzymes and the high degree of homology shared by the different isoforms offer substantial challenges to discovering potential drugs. Medicinal and synthetic organic chemists have been continuously involved in developing CA inhibitors. This review explored the chemistry of different heterocycles as CA inhibitors using the last 11 years of published research work. It provides a pathway for young researchers to further explore the chemistry of a variety of synthetic as well as natural heterocycles as CA inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjaneyulu Bendi
- Department of Chemistry, Presidency University, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India
| | - Taruna
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, SGT University, Gurugram, Haryana, India
| | - Rajni
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, SGT University, Gurugram, Haryana, India
| | - Sweety Kataria
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, SGT University, Gurugram, Haryana, India
| | - Lakhwinder Singh
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, SGT University, Gurugram, Haryana, India
| | | | - Claudiu T Supuran
- Neurofarba Department, Pharmaceutical and Neutraceutical Section, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Neera Raghav
- Department of Chemistry, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana, India
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2
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Angeli A, De Luca V, Capasso C, Di Costanzo LF, Supuran CT. Comparative CO 2 and SiO 2 hydratase activity of an enzyme from the siliceous demosponge Suberitesdomuncula. Arch Biochem Biophys 2024; 758:110074. [PMID: 38936682 DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2024.110074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/29/2024]
Abstract
Silicase, an enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of silicon-oxygen bonds, is a crucial player in breaking down silicates into silicic acid, particularly in organisms like aquatic sponges with siliceous skeletons. Despite its significance, our understanding of silicase remains limited. This study comprehensively examines silicase from the demosponge Suberites domuncula, focusing on its kinetics toward CO2 as a substrate, as well as its silicase and esterase activity. It investigates inhibition and activation profiles with a range of inhibitors and activators belonging to various classes. By comparing its esterase activity to human carbonic anhydrase II, we gain insights into its enzymatic properties. Moreover, we investigate silicase's inhibition and activation profiles, providing valuable information for potential applications. We explore the evolutionary relationship of silicase with related enzymes, revealing potential functional roles in biological systems. Additionally, we propose a biochemical mechanism through three-dimensional modeling, shedding light on its catalytic mechanisms and structural features for both silicase activity and CO2 hydration. We highlight nature's utilization of enzymatic expertise in silica metabolism. This study enhances our understanding of silicase and contributes to broader insights into ecosystem functioning and Earth's geochemical cycles, emphasizing the intricate interplay between biology and the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Angeli
- NEUROFARBA Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Viviana De Luca
- Department of Biology, Agriculture and Food Sciences, Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, CNR, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131, Napoli, Italy
| | - Clemente Capasso
- Department of Biology, Agriculture and Food Sciences, Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, CNR, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131, Napoli, Italy.
| | - Luigi F Di Costanzo
- Department of Agriculture, University of Napoli Federico II, Via Università 100, 80055, Portici, NA, Italy.
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- NEUROFARBA Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, University of Florence, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019, Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
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3
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Al-Matarneh CM, Pinteala M, Nicolescu A, Silion M, Mocci F, Puf R, Angeli A, Ferraroni M, Supuran CT, Zara S, Carradori S, Paoletti N, Bonardi A, Gratteri P. Synthetic Approaches to Novel Human Carbonic Anhydrase Isoform Inhibitors Based on Pyrrol-2-one Moiety. J Med Chem 2024; 67:3018-3038. [PMID: 38301036 PMCID: PMC10895679 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.3c02190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 01/10/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
New dihydro-pyrrol-2-one compounds, featuring dual sulfonamide groups, were synthesized through a one-pot, three-component approach utilizing trifluoroacetic acid as a catalyst. Computational analysis using density functional theory (DFT) and condensed Fukui function explored the structure-reactivity relationship. Evaluation against human carbonic anhydrase isoforms (hCA I, II, IX, XII) revealed potent inhibition. The widely expressed cytosolic hCA I was inhibited across a range of concentrations (KI 3.9-870.9 nM). hCA II, also cytosolic, exhibited good inhibition as well. Notably, all compounds effectively inhibited tumor-associated hCA IX (KI 1.9-211.2 nM) and hCA XII (low nanomolar). Biological assessments on MCF7 cancer cells highlighted the compounds' ability, in conjunction with doxorubicin, to significantly impact tumor cell viability. These findings underscore the potential therapeutic relevance of the synthesized compounds in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina M. Al-Matarneh
- Center
of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers, “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular
Chemistry of Romanian Academy, 41A Grigore Ghica Voda Alley, Iasi 700487, Romania
- Research
Institute of the University of Bucharest-ICUB, 90 Sos. Panduri, 050663 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Mariana Pinteala
- Center
of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers, “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular
Chemistry of Romanian Academy, 41A Grigore Ghica Voda Alley, Iasi 700487, Romania
| | - Alina Nicolescu
- NMR
Laboratory ”Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular
Chemistry of Romanian Academy, 41A Grigore Ghica Voda Alley, Iasi 700487, Romania
| | - Mihaela Silion
- Physics
of Polymers and Polymeric Materials Department, “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, 41A Grigore Ghica Voda Alley, 700487 Iasi, Romania
| | - Francesca Mocci
- Department
of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University
of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
| | - Razvan Puf
- Center
of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers, “Petru Poni” Institute of Macromolecular
Chemistry of Romanian Academy, 41A Grigore Ghica Voda Alley, Iasi 700487, Romania
| | - Andrea Angeli
- Sezione di
Scienze Farmaceutiche, NeuroFarba Department, Universita degli Studi di Firenze, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Marta Ferraroni
- Dipartimento
di Chimica “Ugo Schiff”, University
of Florence, Via della Lastruccia 3, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence Italy
| | - Claudiu T. Supuran
- Sezione di
Scienze Farmaceutiche, NeuroFarba Department, Universita degli Studi di Firenze, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Susi Zara
- Department
of Pharmacy, “G. d’Annunzio”
University of Chieti-Pescara, via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Simone Carradori
- Department
of Pharmacy, “G. d’Annunzio”
University of Chieti-Pescara, via dei Vestini 31, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Niccolò Paoletti
- Department
of Chemical and Geological Sciences, University
of Cagliari, 09124 Cagliari, Italy
- Sezione di
Scienze Farmaceutiche, NeuroFarba Department, Universita degli Studi di Firenze, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Alessandro Bonardi
- Sezione di
Scienze Farmaceutiche, NeuroFarba Department, Universita degli Studi di Firenze, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- NEUROFARBA
Department, Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, Laboratory of
Molecular Modeling Cheminformatics & QSAR, University of Florence, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze Italy
| | - Paola Gratteri
- NEUROFARBA
Department, Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Section, Laboratory of
Molecular Modeling Cheminformatics & QSAR, University of Florence, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze Italy
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Angeli A, Kartsev V, Petrou A, Lichitsky B, Komogortsev A, Geronikaki A, Supuran CT. Substituted furan sulfonamides as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors: Synthesis, biological and in silico studies. Bioorg Chem 2023; 138:106621. [PMID: 37257407 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2023.106621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Carbonic Anhydrases (CAs) are a large family of zinc metalloenzymes that catalyze the reversible hydration of carbon dioxide involved in several of biological processes, such as respiration, calcification, acid-base balance, bone resorption, and the formation of aqueous humor, cerebrospinal fluid, saliva, and gastric acid. They show wide diversity in tissue distribution and in their subcellular localization. Fifteen novel furyl sulfonamides were designed, synthesized and evaluated against four human isoforms: hCA I, hCA II, hCA IV and hCA IX. Compounds appeared to be very active mostly against hCAI (8) and hCA IV (11) isoforms being more potent than reference drug acetazolamide (AAZ). It should be mentioned that four compounds were more active than AAZ against hCA IX isoform, with compound 13d to be selective against hCA I (SI 70), hCA II (SI 13.5) and hCA IV (SI 20). Furthermore, docking was performed for some of these compounds on all isoforms I order to understand the possible interactions with the active site. The most active compounds showed good bioavailability and drug likeness scores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Angeli
- NeuroFarba Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy; Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers, Petru Poni Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Aleea Grigore Ghica-Voda, no. 41A, 700487 Iasi, Romania.
| | | | - Anthi Petrou
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Boris Lichitsky
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Leninsky Prospect, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Andrey Komogortsev
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Leninsky Prospect, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Athina Geronikaki
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece.
| | - Claudiu T Supuran
- NeuroFarba Department, Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy.
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Angeli A, Petrou A, Kartsev V, Lichitsky B, Komogortsev A, Capasso C, Geronikaki A, Supuran CT. Synthesis, Biological and In Silico Studies of Griseofulvin and Usnic Acid Sulfonamide Derivatives as Fungal, Bacterial and Human Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032802. [PMID: 36769114 PMCID: PMC9917406 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 01/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbonic anhydrases (CAs, EC 4.2.1.1) catalyze the essential reaction of CO2 hydration in all living organisms, being actively involved in the regulation of a plethora of patho-/physiological conditions. A series of griseofulvin and usnic acid sulfonamides were synthesized and tested as possible CA inhibitors. Since β- and γ- classes are expressed in microorganisms in addition to the α- class, showing substantial structural differences to the human isoforms they are also interesting as new antiinfective targets with a different mechanism of action for fighting the emerging problem of extensive drug resistance afflicting most countries worldwide. Griseofulvin and usnic acid sulfonamides were synthesized using methods of organic chemistry. Their inhibitory activity, assessed against the cytosolic human isoforms hCA I and hCA II, the transmembrane hCA IX as well as β- and γ-CAs from different bacterial and fungal strains, was evaluated by a stopped-flow CO2 hydrase assay. Several of the investigated derivatives showed interesting inhibition activity towards the cytosolic associate isoforms hCA I and hCA II, as well as the three γ-CAs and Malassezia globosa (MgCA) enzyme. Six compounds (1b-1d, 1h, 1i and 1j) were more potent than AAZ against hCA I while five (1d, 1h, 1i, 1j and 4a) showed better activity than AAZ against the hCA II isoform. Moreover, all compounds appeared to be very potent against MgCA with a Ki lower than that of the reference drug. Furthermore, computational procedures were used to investigate the binding mode of this class of compounds within the active site of human CAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Angeli
- NeuroFarba Department, Sezione di ScienzeFarmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Istituto di Bioscienze e Biorisorse, CNR (National Research Council), Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Anthi Petrou
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Boris Lichitsky
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Leninsky Prospect, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Andrey Komogortsev
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Leninsky Prospect, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Clemente Capasso
- Istituto di Bioscienze e Biorisorse, CNR (National Research Council), Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Napoli, Italy
| | - Athina Geronikaki
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Correspondence: (A.G.); (C.T.S.)
| | - Claudiu T. Supuran
- NeuroFarba Department, Sezione di ScienzeFarmaceutiche, Università degli Studi di Firenze, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
- Correspondence: (A.G.); (C.T.S.)
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6
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Synthesis, carbonic anhydrase inhibition, anticancer activity, and molecular docking studies of 1,3,4-oxadiazole derivatives. Mol Divers 2023; 27:193-208. [PMID: 35344136 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-022-10416-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we have synthesized various organic compounds possessing 1,3,4-oxadiazole as a core structure and the structure of the newly synthesized target compounds has been revealed using different analytical approaches such as FT-IR, LCMS, and NMR (proton and carbon), respectively. The in vitro carbonic anhydrase potentials of these synthesized 17 different analogues were investigated. The result suggests that compound 7g, a 3-pyridine substituted analogue with an IC50 of 0.1 µM, was found to have the most potent carbonic inhibitory activity (11-fold more active) than the positive control (acetazolamide) with an IC50 of 1.1 ± 0.1 µM. Besides, among the series 7(a-q) approved in the identification of four potent carbonic anhydrase inhibitors with the IC50 standards varies from 0.1 to 1.0 ± 0.1 µM. Additionally, the non-competitive behaviour for potent compound 7g was analysed using the Lineweaver-Burk plot from the kinetic study. Furthermore, the anticancer activity of all the synthesized compounds screened against B16F10 melanoma cells using the MTT assay method. Additionally, the molecular docking studies revealed that 7g inhibitor shows good binding energy as well as good binding interaction pattern along with enzyme.
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Rahman MM, Islam MR, Rahman F, Rahaman MS, Khan MS, Abrar S, Ray TK, Uddin MB, Kali MSK, Dua K, Kamal MA, Chellappan DK. Emerging Promise of Computational Techniques in Anti-Cancer Research: At a Glance. Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:bioengineering9080335. [PMID: 35892749 PMCID: PMC9332125 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9080335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 07/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Research on the immune system and cancer has led to the development of new medicines that enable the former to attack cancer cells. Drugs that specifically target and destroy cancer cells are on the horizon; there are also drugs that use specific signals to stop cancer cells multiplying. Machine learning algorithms can significantly support and increase the rate of research on complicated diseases to help find new remedies. One area of medical study that could greatly benefit from machine learning algorithms is the exploration of cancer genomes and the discovery of the best treatment protocols for different subtypes of the disease. However, developing a new drug is time-consuming, complicated, dangerous, and costly. Traditional drug production can take up to 15 years, costing over USD 1 billion. Therefore, computer-aided drug design (CADD) has emerged as a powerful and promising technology to develop quicker, cheaper, and more efficient designs. Many new technologies and methods have been introduced to enhance drug development productivity and analytical methodologies, and they have become a crucial part of many drug discovery programs; many scanning programs, for example, use ligand screening and structural virtual screening techniques from hit detection to optimization. In this review, we examined various types of computational methods focusing on anticancer drugs. Machine-based learning in basic and translational cancer research that could reach new levels of personalized medicine marked by speedy and advanced data analysis is still beyond reach. Ending cancer as we know it means ensuring that every patient has access to safe and effective therapies. Recent developments in computational drug discovery technologies have had a large and remarkable impact on the design of anticancer drugs and have also yielded useful insights into the field of cancer therapy. With an emphasis on anticancer medications, we covered the various components of computer-aided drug development in this paper. Transcriptomics, toxicogenomics, functional genomics, and biological networks are only a few examples of the bioinformatics techniques used to forecast anticancer medications and treatment combinations based on multi-omics data. We believe that a general review of the databases that are now available and the computational techniques used today will be beneficial for the creation of new cancer treatment approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md. Mominur Rahman
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; (M.M.R.); (M.R.I.); (F.R.); (M.S.R.); (M.S.K.); (S.A.); (T.K.R.); (M.B.U.); (M.S.K.K.); (M.A.K.)
| | - Md. Rezaul Islam
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; (M.M.R.); (M.R.I.); (F.R.); (M.S.R.); (M.S.K.); (S.A.); (T.K.R.); (M.B.U.); (M.S.K.K.); (M.A.K.)
| | - Firoza Rahman
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; (M.M.R.); (M.R.I.); (F.R.); (M.S.R.); (M.S.K.); (S.A.); (T.K.R.); (M.B.U.); (M.S.K.K.); (M.A.K.)
| | - Md. Saidur Rahaman
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; (M.M.R.); (M.R.I.); (F.R.); (M.S.R.); (M.S.K.); (S.A.); (T.K.R.); (M.B.U.); (M.S.K.K.); (M.A.K.)
| | - Md. Shajib Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; (M.M.R.); (M.R.I.); (F.R.); (M.S.R.); (M.S.K.); (S.A.); (T.K.R.); (M.B.U.); (M.S.K.K.); (M.A.K.)
| | - Sayedul Abrar
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; (M.M.R.); (M.R.I.); (F.R.); (M.S.R.); (M.S.K.); (S.A.); (T.K.R.); (M.B.U.); (M.S.K.K.); (M.A.K.)
| | - Tanmay Kumar Ray
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; (M.M.R.); (M.R.I.); (F.R.); (M.S.R.); (M.S.K.); (S.A.); (T.K.R.); (M.B.U.); (M.S.K.K.); (M.A.K.)
| | - Mohammad Borhan Uddin
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; (M.M.R.); (M.R.I.); (F.R.); (M.S.R.); (M.S.K.); (S.A.); (T.K.R.); (M.B.U.); (M.S.K.K.); (M.A.K.)
| | - Most. Sumaiya Khatun Kali
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; (M.M.R.); (M.R.I.); (F.R.); (M.S.R.); (M.S.K.); (S.A.); (T.K.R.); (M.B.U.); (M.S.K.K.); (M.A.K.)
| | - Kamal Dua
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2007, Australia;
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia
- Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun 248007, India
| | - Mohammad Amjad Kamal
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh; (M.M.R.); (M.R.I.); (F.R.); (M.S.R.); (M.S.K.); (S.A.); (T.K.R.); (M.B.U.); (M.S.K.K.); (M.A.K.)
- Institutes for Systems Genetics, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-Related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
- King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
- Enzymoics, 7 Peterlee Place, Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Hebersham, NSW 2770, Australia
| | - Dinesh Kumar Chellappan
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University, Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur 57000, Malaysia
- Correspondence:
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Kartsev V, Geronikaki A, Lichitsky B, Komogortsev A, Petrou A, Ivanov M, Glamočlija J, Soković M. Synthesis, biological evaluation and molecular docking studies of thiazolo[4,5‐
b
]pyridin‐5‐ones as antimicrobial agents. J Heterocycl Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.4491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Athina Geronikaki
- School of Health, Department of Pharmacy Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Greece
| | | | | | - Anthi Petrou
- School of Health, Department of Pharmacy Aristotle University of Thessaloniki Greece
| | - Marija Ivanov
- Mycological Laboratory, Department of Plant Physiology Institute for Biological Research, SinišaStanković‐National Institute of Republic of Serbia,University of Belgrade, BulevarDespotaStefana 142 Belgrade Serbia
| | - Jasmina Glamočlija
- Mycological Laboratory, Department of Plant Physiology Institute for Biological Research, SinišaStanković‐National Institute of Republic of Serbia,University of Belgrade, BulevarDespotaStefana 142 Belgrade Serbia
| | - Marina Soković
- Mycological Laboratory, Department of Plant Physiology Institute for Biological Research, SinišaStanković‐National Institute of Republic of Serbia,University of Belgrade, BulevarDespotaStefana 142 Belgrade Serbia
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9
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Angeli A, Kartsev V, Petrou A, Lichitsky B, Komogortsev A, Pinteala M, Geronikaki A, Supuran CT. Pyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridine Sulfonamides as Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors: Synthesis, Biological and In Silico Studies. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15030316. [PMID: 35337114 PMCID: PMC8955975 DOI: 10.3390/ph15030316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Carbonic anhydrases (CAs, EC 4.2.1.1) catalyze the essential reaction of CO2 hydration in all living organisms, being actively involved in the regulation of a plethora of patho-/physiological conditions. A series of chromene-based sulfonamides were synthesized and tested as possible CA inhibitors. On the other hand, in microorganisms, the β- and γ- classes are expressed in addition to the α- class, showing substantial structural differences to the human isoforms. In this scenario, not only human but also bacterial CAs are of particular interest as new antibacterial agents with an alternative mechanism of action for fighting the emerging problem of extensive drug resistance afflicting most countries worldwide. Pyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridine sulfonamides were synthesized using methods of organic chemistry. Their inhibitory activity, assessed against the cytosolic human isoforms hCA I and hCA II, the transmembrane hCA IX and XII, and β- and γ-CAs from three different bacterial strains, was evaluated by a stopped-flow CO2 hydrase assay. Several of the investigated derivatives showed interesting inhibition activity towards the cytosolic associate isoforms hCA I and hCA II, as well as the 3β- and 3γ-CAs. Furthermore, computational procedures were used to investigate the binding mode of this class of compounds within the active site of hCA IX. Four compounds (1f, 1g, 1h and 1k) were more potent than AAZ against hCA I. Furthermore, compound 1f also showed better activity than AAZ against the hCA II isoform. Moreover, ten compounds out of eleven appeared to be very potent against the γ-CA from E.coli, with a Ki much lower than that of the reference drug. Most of the compounds showed better activity than AAZ against hCA I as well as the γ-CA from E.coli and the β-CA from Burkholderia pseudomallei (BpsCAβ). Compounds 1f and 1k showed a good selectivity index against hCA I and hCA XII, while 1b was selective against all 3β-CA isoforms from E.coli, BpsCA, and VhCA and all 3γ-CA isoforms from E.coli, BpsCA and PgiCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Angeli
- Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, NeuroFarba Department, Universita degli Studi di Firenze, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy;
- Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers, Petru Poni Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Aleea Grigore Ghica-Voda, no. 41A, 700487 Iasi, Romania;
| | | | - Anthi Petrou
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
| | - Boris Lichitsky
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Leninsky Prospect, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (B.L.); (A.K.)
| | - Andrey Komogortsev
- Zelinsky Institute of Organic Chemistry, Leninsky Prospect, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (B.L.); (A.K.)
| | - Mariana Pinteala
- Centre of Advanced Research in Bionanoconjugates and Biopolymers, Petru Poni Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Aleea Grigore Ghica-Voda, no. 41A, 700487 Iasi, Romania;
| | - Athina Geronikaki
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Health, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece;
- Correspondence: (A.G.); (C.T.S.)
| | - Claudiu T. Supuran
- Sezione di Scienze Farmaceutiche, NeuroFarba Department, Universita degli Studi di Firenze, Via Ugo Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy;
- Correspondence: (A.G.); (C.T.S.)
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De Luca V, Angeli A, Mazzone V, Adelfio C, Carta F, Selleri S, Carginale V, Scaloni A, Supuran CT, Capasso C. Inhibitory Effects of Sulfonamide Derivatives on the β-Carbonic Anhydrase (MpaCA) from Malassezia pachydermatis, a Commensal, Pathogenic Fungus Present in Domestic Animals. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222212601. [PMID: 34830480 PMCID: PMC8620791 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Fungi are exposed to various environmental variables during their life cycle, including changes in CO2 concentration. CO2 has the potential to act as an activator of several cell signaling pathways. In fungi, the sensing of CO2 triggers cell differentiation and the biosynthesis of proteins involved in the metabolism and pathogenicity of these microorganisms. The molecular machineries involved in CO2 sensing constitute a promising target for the development of antifungals. Carbonic anhydrases (CAs, EC 4.2.1.1) are crucial enzymes in the CO2 sensing systems of fungi, because they catalyze the reversible hydration of CO2 to proton and HCO3-. Bicarbonate in turn boots a cascade of reactions triggering fungal pathogenicity and metabolism. Accordingly, CAs affect microorganism proliferation and may represent a potential therapeutic target against fungal infection. Here, the inhibition of the unique β-CA (MpaCA) encoded in the genome of Malassezia pachydermatis, a fungus with substantial relevance in veterinary and medical sciences, was investigated using a series of conventional CA inhibitors (CAIs), namely aromatic and heterocyclic sulfonamides. This study aimed to describe novel candidates that can kill this harmful fungus by inhibiting their CA, and thus lead to effective anti-dandruff and anti-seborrheic dermatitis agents. In this context, current antifungal compounds, such as the azoles and their derivatives, have been demonstrated to induce the selection of resistant fungal strains and lose therapeutic efficacy, which might be restored by the concomitant use of alternative compounds, such as the fungal CA inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viviana De Luca
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, CNR, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (V.D.L.); (V.M.); (C.A.); (V.C.)
- Proteomics, Metabolomics & Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Institute for the Animal Production System in the Mediterranean Environment, CNR, P.le Enrico Fermi 1, 80055 Portici (Napoli), Italy;
| | - Andrea Angeli
- Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, Department of Neurofarba, University of Florence, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy; (A.A.); (F.C.); (S.S.)
| | - Valeria Mazzone
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, CNR, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (V.D.L.); (V.M.); (C.A.); (V.C.)
| | - Claudia Adelfio
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, CNR, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (V.D.L.); (V.M.); (C.A.); (V.C.)
| | - Fabrizio Carta
- Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, Department of Neurofarba, University of Florence, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy; (A.A.); (F.C.); (S.S.)
| | - Silvia Selleri
- Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, Department of Neurofarba, University of Florence, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy; (A.A.); (F.C.); (S.S.)
| | - Vincenzo Carginale
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, CNR, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (V.D.L.); (V.M.); (C.A.); (V.C.)
| | - Andrea Scaloni
- Proteomics, Metabolomics & Mass Spectrometry Laboratory, Institute for the Animal Production System in the Mediterranean Environment, CNR, P.le Enrico Fermi 1, 80055 Portici (Napoli), Italy;
| | - Claudiu T. Supuran
- Section of Pharmaceutical and Nutraceutical Sciences, Department of Neurofarba, University of Florence, Via U. Schiff 6, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino (Florence), Italy; (A.A.); (F.C.); (S.S.)
- Correspondence: (C.T.S.); (C.C.); Tel.: +39-055-4573729 (C.T.S.); +39-081-613-2559 (C.C.)
| | - Clemente Capasso
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, CNR, Via Pietro Castellino 111, 80131 Napoli, Italy; (V.D.L.); (V.M.); (C.A.); (V.C.)
- Correspondence: (C.T.S.); (C.C.); Tel.: +39-055-4573729 (C.T.S.); +39-081-613-2559 (C.C.)
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4-(Indol-3-yl)thiazole-2-amines and 4-ιndol-3-yl)thiazole Acylamines as Νovel Antimicrobial Agents: Synthesis, In Silico and In Vitro Evaluation. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14111096. [PMID: 34832877 PMCID: PMC8624152 DOI: 10.3390/ph14111096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
This manuscript deals with the synthesis and computational and experimental evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of twenty-nine 4-(indol-3-yl)thiazole-2-amines and 4-ιndol-3-yl)thiazole acylamines. An evaluation of antibacterial activity against Gram (+) and Gram (-) bacteria revealed that the MIC of indole derivatives is in the range of 0.06-1.88 mg/mL, while among fourteen methylindole derivatives, only six were active, with an MIC in the range of of 0.47-1.88 mg/mL. S. aureus appeared to be the most resistant strain, while S. Typhimurium was the most sensitive. Compound 5x was the most promising, with an MIC in the range of 0.06-0.12 mg/mL, followed by 5d and 5m. An evaluation of these three compounds against resistant strains, namely MRSA P. aeruginosa and E. coli, revealed that they were more potent against MRSA than ampicillin. Furthermore, compounds 5m and 5x were superior inhibitors of biofilm formation, compared to ampicillin and streptomycin, in terms Compounds 5d, 5m, and 5x interact with streptomycin in additive manner. The antifungal activity of some compounds exceeded or was equipotent to those of the reference antifungal agents bifonazole and ketoconazole. The most potent antifungal agent was found to be compound 5g. Drug likeness scores of compounds was in a range of -0.63 to 0.29, which is moderate to good. According to docking studies, E. coli MurB inhibition is probably responsible for the antibacterial activity of compounds, whereas CYP51 inhibition was implicated in antifungal activity. Compounds appeared to be non-toxic, according to the cytotoxicity assessment in MRC-5 cells.
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