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Khamees Thabet H, Ragab A, Imran M, Helal MH, Ibrahim Alaqel S, Alshehri A, Ash Mohd A, Rakan Alshammari M, S Abusaif M, A Ammar Y. Discovery of new anti-diabetic potential agents based on paracetamol incorporating sulfa-drugs: Design, synthesis, α-amylase, and α-glucosidase inhibitors with molecular docking simulation. Eur J Med Chem 2024; 275:116589. [PMID: 38878516 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/07/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Uncontrolled diabetes can lead to hyperglycemia, which causes neuropathy, heart attacks, retinopathy, and nervous system damage over time, therefore, controlling hyperglycemia using potential drug target inhibitors is a promising strategy. This work focused on synthesizing new derivatives via the diazo group, using a hybridization strategy involving two approved drugs, paracetamol and several sulfonamides. The newly designed diazo-paracetamols 5-12 were fully characterized and then screened for in vitro α-amylase and α-glucosidase activities and exhibited inhibitory percentages (IP) = 92.5-96.5 % and 91.0-95.7 % compared to Acarbose IP = 96.5 and 95.8 %, respectively at 100 μg/mL. The IC50 values of the synthesized derivatives were evaluated against α-amylase and α-glucosidase enzymes, and the results demonstrated moderate to potent activity. Among the tested diazo-paracetamols, compound 11 was found to have the highest potency activity against α-amylase with IC50 value of 0.98 ± 0.015 μM compared to Acarbose IC50 = 0.43 ± 0.009 μM, followed by compound 10 (IC50 = 1.55 ± 0.022 μM) and compound 9 (IC50 = 1.59 ± 0.023 μM). On the other hand, for α-glucosidase, compound 10 with pyrimidine moiety demonstrated the highest inhibitory activity with IC50 = 1.39 ± 0.021 μM relative to Acarbose IC50 = 1.24 ± 0.029 μM and the order of the most active derivatives was 10 > 9 (IC50 = 2.95 ± 0.046 μM) > 11 (IC50 = 5.13 ± 0.082 μM). SAR analysis confirmed that the presence of 4,5-dimethyl-isoxazole or pyrimidine nucleus attached to the sulfonyl group is important for activity. Finally, the docking simulation was achieved to determine the mode of binding interactions for the most active derivatives in the enzyme's active site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamdy Khamees Thabet
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences and Arts, Northern Border University, Rafha, 91911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Ragab
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11884, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Mohd Imran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha, 91911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Hamdy Helal
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences and Arts, Northern Border University, Rafha, 91911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh Ibrahim Alaqel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha, 91911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Alshehri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha, 91911, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacology, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, King Faisal Road, Dammam, 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abida Ash Mohd
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha, 91911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Malek Rakan Alshammari
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences and Arts, Northern Border University, Rafha, 91911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Moustafa S Abusaif
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11884, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Yousry A Ammar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11884, Cairo, Egypt
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Khamees Thabet H, Ammar YA, Imran M, Hamdy Helal M, Ibrahim Alaqel S, Alshehri A, Ash Mohd A, Abusaif MS, Ragab A. Unveiling anti-diabetic potential of new thiazole-sulfonamide derivatives: Design, synthesis, in vitro bio-evaluation targeting DPP-4, α-glucosidase, and α-amylase with in-silico ADMET and docking simulation. Bioorg Chem 2024; 151:107671. [PMID: 39067419 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2024.107671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2024] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus type 2 (T2DM) can be managed by targeting dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP-4), an enzyme that breaks down and deactivates peptides such as GIP and GLP-1. In this context, a new series of 2-(2-substituted hydrazineyl)thiazole derivatives 4, 5, 6, 8, 10, and 11 conjugated with the 2-hydroxy-5-(pyrrolidin-1-ylsulfonyl)benzylidene fragment were designed and synthesized. The virtual screening of the designed derivatives inside DPP-4 demonstrated good to moderate activity, with binding affinity ranging from -6.86 to -5.36 kcal/mol compared to Sitagliptin (S=-5.58 kcal/mol). These results encourage us to evaluate DPP-4 using in-vitro fluorescence-based assay. The in-vitro results exhibited inhibitory percentage (IP) values ranging from 40.66 to 75.62 % in comparison to Sitagliptin (IP=63.14 %) at 100 µM. Subsequently, the IC50 values were determined, and the 5-aryl thiazole derivatives 10 and 11 revealed strong potent IC50 values 2.75 ± 0.27 and 2.51 ± 0.27 µM, respectively, compared to Sitagliptin (3.32 ± 0.22 µM). The SAR study exhibited the importance of the substituents on the thiazole scaffold, especially with the hydrophobic fragment at C5 of the thiazole, which has a role in the activity. Compounds 10 and 11 were further assessed toward α-glucosidase and α-amylase enzymes and give promising results. Compound 10 showed good activity against α-glucosidase with IC50 value of 3.02 ± 0.23 µM compared to Acarbose 3.05 ± 0.22 µM and (11 = 3.34 ± 0.10 µM). On the other hand, for α-amylase, compound 11 was found to be most effective with IC50 value of 2.91 ± 0.23 µM compared to compound 10 = 3.30 ± 0.16 µM and Acarbose (2.99 ± 0.21 µM) indicating that these derivatives could reduce glucose by more than one target. The most active derivatives 10 and 11 attracted great interest as candidates for oral bioavailability and safe toxicity profiles compared to positive controls. The in-silico docking simulation was performed to understand the binding interactions inside the DPP-4, α-glucosidase, and α-amylase pockets, and it was found to be promising antidiabetic agents through a number of interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamdy Khamees Thabet
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences and Arts, Northern Border University, Rafha, 91911, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Yousry A Ammar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11884, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohd Imran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha 91911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Hamdy Helal
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences and Arts, Northern Border University, Rafha, 91911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Saleh Ibrahim Alaqel
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha 91911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed Alshehri
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha 91911, Saudi Arabia; Department of Pharmacology, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, King Faisal Road, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abida Ash Mohd
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Northern Border University, Rafha 91911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Moustafa S Abusaif
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11884, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Ragab
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City 11884, Cairo, Egypt.
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Ragab A, Salem MA, Ammar YA, Aboulthana WM, Helal MH, Abusaif MS. Explore new quinoxaline pharmacophore tethered sulfonamide fragments as in vitro α-glucosidase, α-amylase, and acetylcholinesterase inhibitors with ADMET and molecular modeling simulation. Drug Dev Res 2024; 85:e22216. [PMID: 38831547 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.22216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2024] [Revised: 05/05/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
A new series of quinoxaline-sulfonamide derivatives 3-12 were synthesized using fragment-based drug design by reaction of quinoxaline sulfonyl chloride (QSC) with different amines and hydrazines. The quinoxaline-sulfonamide derivatives were evaluated for antidiabetic and anti-Alzheimer's potential against α-glucosidase, α-amylase, and acetylcholinesterase enzymes. These derivatives showed good to moderate potency against α-amylase and α-glucosidase with inhibitory percentages between 24.34 ± 0.01%-63.09 ± 0.02% and 28.95 ± 0.04%-75.36 ± 0.01%, respectively. Surprisingly, bis-sulfonamide quinoxaline derivative 4 revealed the most potent activity with inhibitory percentages of 75.36 ± 0.01% and 63.09 ± 0.02% against α-glucosidase and α-amylase compared to acarbose (IP = 57.79 ± 0.01% and 67.33 ± 0.01%), respectively. Moreover, the quinoxaline derivative 3 exhibited potency as α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitory with a minute decline from compound 4 and acarbose with inhibitory percentages of 44.93 ± 0.01% and 38.95 ± 0.01%. Additionally, in vitro acetylcholinesterase inhibitory activity for designed derivatives exhibited weak to moderate activity. Still, sulfonamide-quinoxaline derivative 3 emerged as the most active member with inhibitory percentage of 41.92 ± 0.02% compared with donepezil (IP = 67.27 ± 0.60%). The DFT calculations, docking simulation, target prediction, and ADMET analysis were performed and discussed in detail.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Ragab
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science (boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Salem
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts, King Khalid University, Mohail, Assir, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yousry A Ammar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science (boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Wael M Aboulthana
- Biochemistry Department, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed H Helal
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Arts and Science, Northern Border University, Rafha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Moustafa S Abusaif
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science (boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr, Cairo, Egypt
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Hammouda MM, Elattar KM, El-Khateeb AY, Hamed SE, Osman AMA. Developments of pyridodipyrimidine heterocycles and their biological activities. Mol Divers 2024; 28:927-964. [PMID: 36840839 PMCID: PMC9959960 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-023-10623-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/26/2023]
Abstract
The entitled review aimed to assemble and highlight the synthetic approaches and biological aspects of heterocycles with pyridodipyrimidine motifs. The recent synthetic approaches were categorized according to the accomplishments of the approaches under catalyst or catalyst-free conditions. The topic involved the synthesis of substituted tricyclic systems and spirocyclic systems. The present study offered an overview of the recent literature in addition to a scope of the preceding literature. The proposed mechanisms of the varied target products were discussed. Pyridodipyrimidine displayed potential and privileged cytotoxic, antioxidant, and antimicrobial performances. The competitions, challenges, and prospects are also deliberated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed M. Hammouda
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, 11942 Saudi Arabia
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, El-Gomhoria Street, Mansoura, 35516 Egypt
| | - Khaled M. Elattar
- Faculty of Science, Unit of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Mansoura University, El-Gomhoria Street, Mansoura, 35516 Egypt
| | - Ayman Y. El-Khateeb
- Faculty of Agriculture, Agricultural Chemistry Department, Mansoura University, El-Gomhoria Street, Mansoura, 35516 Egypt
| | - Sahar E. Hamed
- Faculty of Agriculture, Chemistry Department, Damietta University, Damietta, 22052 Egypt
| | - Amany M. A. Osman
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science and Humanities in Al-Kharj, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, 11942 Saudi Arabia
- Faculty of Science, Chemistry Department, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Koam, Egypt
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5
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Abdel-Baky YM, Omer AM, El-Fakharany EM, Ammar YA, Abusaif MS, Ragab A. Developing a new multi-featured chitosan-quinoline Schiff base with potent antibacterial, antioxidant, and antidiabetic activities: design and molecular modeling simulation. Sci Rep 2023; 13:22792. [PMID: 38123716 PMCID: PMC10733428 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50130-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
A new chitosan Schiff base was developed via the reaction of chitosan (CH) with 2-chloro-3-formyl-7-ethoxy quinoline (Q) derivative. The alteration in the chemical structure and morphology of CHQ derivative was confirmed by 1H NMR, FT-IR spectroscopy and SEM analysis. The antibacterial activity was considerably promoted with increasing quinoline concentration up to 1 M with maximal inhibition reached 96 and 77% against Staphylococcus haemolyticus and Escherichia coli, respectively. Additionally, CHQ derivative afforded higher ABTS·+ radical scavenging activity reached 59% compared to 13% for native chitosan, approving its acceptable antioxidant activity. Moreover, the developed CHQ derivative can stimulate the glucose uptake in HepG-2 and yeast cells, while better inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase was accomplished with maximum values of 99.78 and 92.10%, respectively. Furthermore, the molecular docking simulation clarified the binding mode of CHQ derivative inside the active site of α-amylase and α-glucosidase, suggesting its potential use as diabetes mellitus drug. The DFT calculations indicated an improvement in the electronic properties of CHQ with a lower energy band gap reached 4.05eV compared to 5.94eV for CH. The cytotoxicity assay revealed the safety of CHQ towards normal HSF cells, hypothesizing its possible application as non-toxic antibacterial, antioxidant, and antidiabetic agent for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasser M Abdel-Baky
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11884, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed M Omer
- Polymeric Materials Research Department, Advanced Technology and New Materials Research Institute (ATNMRI), City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), P. O. Box: 21934, New Borg El-Arab City, Alexandria, Egypt.
| | - Esmail M El-Fakharany
- Protein Research Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications (SRTA-City), P. O. Box: 21934, New Borg El-Arab City, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Yousry A Ammar
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11884, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Moustafa S Abusaif
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11884, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Ragab
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11884, Cairo, Egypt.
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6
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Ragab A, Ibrahim SA, Aboul-Magd DS, Baren MH. One-pot synthesis of pyrazolo[4,3- d]thiazole derivatives containing α-aminophosphonate as potential Mur A inhibitors against MDR pathogens with radiosterilization and molecular modeling simulation. RSC Adv 2023; 13:34756-34771. [PMID: 38035237 PMCID: PMC10685179 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra07040a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The present study involves the synthesis of a new series of α-aminophosphonate derivatives in good yields with a simple workup via the Kabachnik-Fields reaction using lithium perchlorate (LiClO4) as a catalyst to facilitate the reaction. All the newly synthesized compounds were confirmed using various physical, spectroscopic, and analytical data, and the obtained results correlated with the proposed molecular structure. The in vitro antimicrobial activities of each compound were evaluated against different clinical isolates. The results indicated that among these derivatives, two compounds (5a and 5b) were the most active and displayed potent activity with MICs in the range from 0.06 to 0.25 μg mL-1 compared with fosfomycin and fluconazole as standard antibiotics. Moreover, the synthesized phosphonates displayed a broad spectrum of bactericidal and fungicidal activities depending on MICs, MBCs/MFCs, and the time-kill kinetics. In addition, the checkerboard assay showed synergistic and partial synergistic activities between the active compounds combined with fosfomycin and fluconazole. Furthermore, the SEM images showed distinct ruptures of the OM integrity of the FOS-R E. coli at their MICs, which was further indicated by the increased EtBr accumulation within the bacterial cells. Moreover, active derivatives revealed MurA inhibitory activity with IC50 values of 3.8 ± 0.39 and 4.5 ± 0.23 μM compared with fosfomycin (IC50 = 12.7 ± 0.27 μM). To our surprise, exposing 5a and 5b compounds to different gamma radiation doses revealed that 7.0 kGy eradicated the microbial load completely. Finally, the results of quantum chemical study supported the binding mode obtained from the docking study performed inside the active site of MurA (PDB: 1UAE), suggesting that these phosphonates may be promising safe candidates for MDR infection therapy clinical trials with no toxic effects on the normal human cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Ragab
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University Nasr City Cairo 11884 Egypt
| | - Seham A Ibrahim
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University Tanta 31527 Egypt
| | - Dina S Aboul-Magd
- Drug Radiation Research Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority Egypt
| | - Mohamed H Baren
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University Tanta 31527 Egypt
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Refai MY, Elazzazy AM, Desouky SE, Abu-Elghait M, Fayed EA, Alajel SM, Alajlan AA, Albureikan MO, Nakayama J. Interception of Epoxide ring to quorum sensing system in Enterococcus faecalis and Staphylococcus aureus. AMB Express 2023; 13:126. [PMID: 37946062 PMCID: PMC10636001 DOI: 10.1186/s13568-023-01633-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Quorum sensing inhibitor (QSI) has been attracting attention as anti-virulence agent which disarms pathogens of their virulence rather than killing them. QSI marking cyclic peptide-mediated QS in Gram-positive bacteria is an effective tool to overcome the crisis of antibiotic-dependent chemotherapy due to the emergence of drug resistance strain, e.g., methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Vancomycin resistant Enterococci (VRE). From a semi-large-scale screening thus far carried out, two Epoxide compounds, Ambuic acid and Synerazol, have been found to efficiently block agr and fsr QS systems, suggesting that the Epoxide group is involved in the mode of action of these QSIs. To address this notion, known natural Epoxide compounds, Cerulenin and Fosfomycin were examined for QSI activity for the agr and fsr systems in addition to in silico and SAR studies. As a result, most of investigated Epoxide containing antibiotics correlatively interfere with QSI activity for the agr and fsr systems under sublethal concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Y Refai
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ahmed M Elazzazy
- Department of Biological Science, College of Science, University of Jeddah, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Said E Desouky
- Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Division of Systems Bioengineering, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Graduate School, Kyushu University, 819-0395, Fukuoka, Japan
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, 11884, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohammed Abu-Elghait
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University, 11884, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Eman A Fayed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, 11754, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sulaiman M Alajel
- Reference Laboratory for Microbiology, Executive Department of Reference Laboratories, Research and Laboratories Sector, Saudi Food and Drug Authority (SFDA), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah A Alajlan
- Microbial Identification Division, Reference Laboratory for Microbiology, Executive Department of Reference Laboratories, Research and Laboratories Sector, Saudi Food and Drug Authority (SFDA), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mona O Albureikan
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, 21589, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jiro Nakayama
- Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Division of Systems Bioengineering, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Graduate School, Kyushu University, 819-0395, Fukuoka, Japan
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Radwan AA, Al-Anazi FK, Al-Agamy M, Alghaith AF, Mahrous GM, Alhuzani MR, Alghamdi AS. Design, synthesis and molecular modeling of isatin-aminobenzoic acid hybrids as antibacterial and antibiofilm agents. Saudi Pharm J 2023; 31:101781. [PMID: 37860684 PMCID: PMC10582576 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2023.101781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 09/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Number of factors, including newly emerging infectious diseases and an increase in multi-drug resistant microbial pathogens with particular relevance for Gram-positive bacteria, make the treatment of infectious diseases in hospital-based healthcare a major challenge in the medical community. 4-Aminobenzoic acid (PABA), has demonstrated a variety of biological actions particularly, antimicrobial activity. In our study we coupled this vitamin-like molecule with different isatin derivatives. We investigated the antibacterial activity of the synthesized Schiff's bases. The compounds showed high selective activity against Gram-positive bacteria and showed weak or no activity against both Gram-negative bacteria and fungi. Compound 2a showed highest activity against S. aureus and B. subtilis (MIC 0.09 mmol/L). Additionally, these substances exhibit strong anti-B. Subtilis biofilm formation. We were able to shed insight on the binding mode of these new inhibitors using in silico docking of the compounds in the binding sites of a 3D structure of B. subtilis histidine kinase/Walk. The binding free energy of the compound 2a to the catalytic domain walk, of histidine kinase enzyme of B. subtilis bacteria, was calculated using molecular mechanics/generalized born surface area scoring. The key residues for macromolecule-ligand binding were postulated. The optimized 3D protein-ligand binding modes shed light on the B. subtilis HK/Walk-ligand interactions that afford a means to assess binding affinity to design new HK/Walk inhibitor as antibacterial agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Awwad A. Radwan
- Kayyali Chair, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, PO Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, PO Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Fares K. Al-Anazi
- Kayyali Chair, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, PO Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, PO Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Al-Agamy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, PO Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adel F. Alghaith
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, PO Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Gamal M. Mahrous
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, PO Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad R. Alhuzani
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, PO Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulrhman S.A. Alghamdi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, PO Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Ammar YA, Ragab A, Migahed MA, Al-Sharbasy S, Salem MA, Riad OKM, Selim HMRM, Abd-Elmaksoud GA, Abusaif MS. Design, green synthesis, and quorum sensing quenching potential of novel 2-oxo-pyridines containing a thiophene/furan scaffold and targeting a LasR gene on P. aeruginosa. RSC Adv 2023; 13:27363-27384. [PMID: 37711372 PMCID: PMC10498153 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra04230h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The current trend in fighting bacteria is attacking the virulence and quorum-sensing (QS) signals that control bacterial communication and virulence factors, especially biofilm formation. This study reports new Schiff bases and tetracyclic rings based on a pyridine pharmacophore by two methods: a green approach using CAN and a conventional method. The structure of designed derivatives was confirmed using different spectroscopies (IR and 1H/13C NMR) and elemental analysis. The designed derivatives exhibited good to moderate inhibition zones against bacterial and fungal pathogens. In addition, six compounds 2a,b, 3a,b, and 6a,b displayed potency against tested pathogens with eligible MIC and MBC values compared to standard antimicrobial agents. Compound 2a displayed MIC values of 15.6 μg mL-1 compared to Gentamicin (MIC = 250 μg mL-1 against K. pneumoniae), while compound 6b exhibited super-potent activity against P. aeruginosa, and K. pneumoniae with MIC values of 62.5 and 125 μg mL-1, as well as MBC values of 31.25 and 15.6 μg mL-1 compared to Gentamicin (MIC = 250 and 125 μg mL-1 and MBC = 62.5 μg mL-1), respectively. Surprisingly, these six derivatives revealed bactericidal and fungicidal potency and remarkable anti-biofilm activity that could significantly reduce the biofilm formation against MRSA, E. coli, P. aeruginosa, and C. albicans. Furthermore, the most active derivatives reduced the LasR gene's production between 10-40% at 1/8 MICs compared with untreated P. aeruginosa. Besides, they demonstrated promising safety profile on Vero cells (normal cell lines) with IC50 values ranging between (175.17 ± 3.49 to 344.27 ± 3.81 μg mL-1). In addition, the in silico ADMET prediction was carried out and the results revealed that these compounds could be used with oral bioavailability with low toxicity prediction when administered as a candidate drug. Finally, the molecular docking simulation was performed inside LasR and predicted the key binding interactions responsible for the activity that corroborated the biological results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousry A Ammar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science (boys), Al-Azhar University 11884 Nasr City Cairo Egypt
| | - Ahmed Ragab
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science (boys), Al-Azhar University 11884 Nasr City Cairo Egypt
| | - M A Migahed
- Egyptian Petroleum Research Institute (EPRI) 11727 Nasr City Cairo Egypt
| | - S Al-Sharbasy
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science (girls), Al-Azhar University 11884 Nasr City Cairo Egypt
| | - Mohamed A Salem
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts, King Khalid University Mohail Assir Saudi Arabia
| | - Omnia Karem M Riad
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University Nasr City Cairo Egypt
| | - Heba Mohammed Refat M Selim
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University Nasr City Cairo Egypt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Maarefa University Diriyah 13713 Riyadh Saudi Arabia
| | - Gehad A Abd-Elmaksoud
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science (girls), Al-Azhar University 11884 Nasr City Cairo Egypt
| | - Moustafa S Abusaif
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science (boys), Al-Azhar University 11884 Nasr City Cairo Egypt
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10
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Abd-elmaksoud GA, Abusaif MS, Ammar YA, Al-Sharbasy S, Migahed MA. Construction, Characterization, DFT Computational Study, and Evaluation the Performance of Some New N-Amino Pyridinone Schiff Base Catalyzed with Ceric(IV) Ammonium Nitrate (CAN) as Corrosion Inhibitors in Some Petroleum Applications. ARABIAN JOURNAL FOR SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s13369-023-08073-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
AbstractIn this paper, two novel organic inhibitors, TAP-TPP and TAP-CEQ, were prepared via Schiff base condensation as a green chemistry methodology using an eco-friendly catalyst, ceric ammonium nitrate, with a high yield (87% and 91%), and characterized via elemental analysis, FTIR, 1H, and 13C NMR spectroscopic analysis tools. Weight loss assessment was utilized as a chemical testing method, and the maximum inhibition efficiency of TAP-TPP and TAP-CEQ is 89.4% and 91.8%, respectively. PDP and EIS were electrochemical measures to determine the efficacy of both inhibitors as anticorrosion for carbon steel alloys in 2 M HCl aggressive media. The collected electrochemical results demonstrated that both inhibitors behaved as excellent anticorrosion agents for metallic constructions. According to the potentiodynamic polarization (PDP) analysis, these organic inhibitors worked as mixed-type inhibitors. The adsorption isotherm revealed that undertaken compounds obeyed Langmuir adsorption isotherm with the free energies of adsorption of ranged from ΔG = − 34.29 to − 34.63 kJ Mol−1. Also, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) data confirmed that the values charge transfer resistance (Rct) was increased by increasing the concentration of the injected inhibitor molecules. In contrast, the electrochemical double layer (Cdl) was dramatically decreased. The work was supported by two-surface analysis methods such as SEM and EDX. For more details, the values of percentage inhibition efficiency can be ordered as follows: TAP-CEQ > TAP-TPP. Finally, a suitable inhibition mechanism and theoretical studies including EHOMO, ELUMO, diploe moment (µ), and electrophilicity index (ω) were assumed and discussed in detailed.
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Elbatrawy OR, Hagras M, El Deeb MA, Agili F, Hegazy M, El-Husseiny AA, Mokhtar MM, Elkhawaga SY, Eissa IH, El-Kalyoubi S. Discovery of New Uracil and Thiouracil Derivatives as Potential HDAC Inhibitors. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:966. [PMID: 37513878 PMCID: PMC10384246 DOI: 10.3390/ph16070966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACIs) are a relatively new class of potential drugs for treating cancer. Aim: Discovery of new anticancer agents targeting HDAC. Methods: New uracil and thiouracil derivatives panels were designed and synthesized as HDAC inhibitors. The synthesized compounds were tested against MCF-7, HepG2, and HCT-116. HDAC1 and HDAC4 inhibitory activities of these compounds were tested. The most active member was tested for its potential against cell cycle, apoptosis, caspase-3, and caspase-8. Docking studies were carried out against HDAC1. Results: Compounds 5a, 5b, 5f, 5i, 5k, and 5m exhibited promising cytotoxic activities. HDAC1 and HDAC4 inhibitory activities of these compounds were tested. Regarding the HDAC1 inhibitory activity, compound 5m was the most potent member (IC50 = 0.05 µg/mL) compared to trichostatin A (IC50 = 0.0349 µg/mL). For HDAC4, compound 5m showed superior activity (IC50 = 2.83 µg/mL) than trichostatin A (IC50 = 3.349 µg/mL). Compound 5m showed a high potential to arrest the HCT116 cell cycle at the G0-G1 phase. In addition, it showed an almost 17 times apoptotic effect (37.59%) compared to the control cells (2.17%). Furthermore, Compound 5m showed significant increases in the levels of caspase-3 and caspase-8. Finally, the uracil and thiouracil derivatives showed accepted binding mods against HDAC. Conclusions: Compound 5m has potential anticancer activity targeting HDAC with a significant apoptotic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omnia R Elbatrawy
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11823, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Hagras
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Moshira A El Deeb
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11823, Egypt
| | - Fatimah Agili
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science (Female Section), Jazan University, Jazan 82621, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maghawry Hegazy
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A El-Husseiny
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Badr City 11829, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mahmoud Mohamed Mokhtar
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Samy Y Elkhawaga
- Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Ibrahim H Eissa
- Pharmaceutical Medicinal Chemistry & Drug Design Department, Faculty of Pharmacy (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11884, Egypt
| | - Samar El-Kalyoubi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Port Said University, Port Said 42511, Egypt
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12
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El-Kalyoubi S, Elbaramawi SS, Eissa AG, Al-Ageeli E, Hobani YH, El-Sharkawy AA, Mohamed HT, Al-Karmalawy AA, Abulkhair HS. Design and synthesis of novel uracil-linked Schiff bases as dual histone deacetylase type II/topoisomerase type I inhibitors with apoptotic potential. Future Med Chem 2023; 15:937-958. [PMID: 37381751 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2023-0112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: The previously reported dual histone deacetylase type II (HDAC II) / topoisomerase type I (Topo I) inhibitors suffer pharmacokinetic limitations because of their huge molecular weights. Materials & methods: We report the design and synthesis of a smarter novel set of uracil-linked Schiff bases (19-30) as dual HDAC II/Topo I inhibitors keeping the essential pharmacophoric features. Cytotoxicity of all compounds was assessed against three cancer cell lines. Studies of their effects on the apoptotic BAX and antiapoptotic BCL2 genes, molecular docking studies, and absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion studies were conducted. Results: Compounds 22, 25 and 30 exhibited significant activities. The bromophenyl derivative 22 displayed the best selectivity index, with IC50 values against HDAC II and Topo I of 1.12 and 13.44 μM, respectively. Conclusion: Compound 22 could be considered a lead HDAC II/Topo I inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samar El-Kalyoubi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Port Said University, Port Said, 42511, Egypt
| | - Samar S Elbaramawi
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Ahmed G Eissa
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig, 44519, Egypt
| | - Essam Al-Ageeli
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry (Medical Genetics), Faculty of Medicine, Jazan University, Jazan, 82621, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yahya Hasan Hobani
- Medical Laboratory Technology Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, 82621, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aya Ali El-Sharkawy
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, 12613, Egypt
| | - Hossam Taha Mohamed
- Zoology Department, Faculty of Science, Cairo University, Cairo, 12613, Egypt
- Faculty of Biotechnology, October University for Modern Sciences & Arts, Giza, 12451, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A Al-Karmalawy
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, 6th of October City, Giza, 12566, Egypt
| | - Hamada S Abulkhair
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, 11884, Cairo, Egypt
- Pharmaceutical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Horus University-Egypt, International Coastal Road, New Damietta, 34518, Egypt
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13
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Manikanttha M, Deepti K, Tej MB, Tej MB, Gopi Reddy A, Kapavarapu R, Barange DK, V Basaveswara Rao M, Pal M. Ultrasound assisted Cu-catalyzed Ullmann-Goldberg type coupling-cyclization in a single pot: Synthesis and in silico evaluation of 11 H-pyrido[2,1- b]quinazolin-11-ones against SARS-CoV-2 RdRp. J Mol Struct 2023; 1280:135044. [PMID: 36743447 PMCID: PMC9884102 DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2023.135044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
The in silico evaluation of 11H-pyrido[2,1-b]quinazolin-11-one derivatives against SARS-CoV-2 RdRp was undertaken based on the reports on antiviral activities of this class of compounds in addition to the promising interactions of the antiviral drug penciclovir as well as quinazoline derivatives with SARS-CoV-2 RdRp in silico. The target compounds were prepared via an Ullmann-Goldberg type coupling followed by the subsequent cyclization (involving amidation) in a single pot. The methodology involved a CuI-catalyzed reaction of 2-iodobenzoate ester with 2-aminopyridine or quinolin-2-amine or thiazol-2-amine under ultrasound to give the expected products in acceptable (51-93%) yields. The molecular interactions of the synthesized 11H-pyrido[2,1-b]quinazolin-11-one derivatives with the SARS-CoV-2 RdRp (PDB: 7AAP) were evaluated in silico. The study suggested that though none of these compounds showed interactions better than penciclovir but the compound 3a and 3n appeared to be comparable along with 3b seemed to be nearly comparable to favipiravir and remdesivir. The compound 3n with the best binding energy (-79.85 Kcal/mol) participated in the H-bond interactions through its OMe group with THR556 as well as ARG624 and via the N-5 atom with the residue SER682. The in silico studies further suggested that majority of the compounds interacted with the main cavity of active site pocket whereas 3h and 3o that showed relatively lower binding energies (-66.06 and -66.28 Kcal/mol) interacted with the shallow cavity underneath the active site of SARS CoV-2 RdRp. The study also revealed that a OMe group was favourable for interaction with respect to its position in the order C-8 > C-1 > C-2. Further, the presence of a fused quinoline ring was tolerated whereas a fused thiazole ring decreased the interaction significantly. The in silico predictions of pharmacokinetic properties of 3a, 3b and 3n indicated that besides the BBB (Blood Brain Barrier) penetration potential these molecules may show a good overall ADME. Overall, the regioisomers 3a, 3b and 3n have emerged as molecules of possible interest in the context of targeting COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matta Manikanttha
- Department of Chemistry, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Greenfields, Vaddeswaram, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh 522 502, India
| | - Kolli Deepti
- Department of Chemistry, Koneru Lakshmaiah Education Foundation, Greenfields, Vaddeswaram, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh 522 502, India
| | - Mandava Bhuvan Tej
- Department of Healthcare informatics, Sacred Heart University, 5151 Park Avenue, Fair fields, Connecticut CT06825, USA
| | - Mandava Bhagya Tej
- Department of MBBS, NRI Academi of Medical Sciences, Chinakakani, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh 522503, India
| | - A. Gopi Reddy
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, SANA College of Pharmacy, Kodad, Telangana, India
| | - Ravikumar Kapavarapu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Phytochemistry, Nirmala College of Pharmacy, Mangalagiri, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | | | - M. V Basaveswara Rao
- Department of Chemistry, Krishna University, Krishna District, Andhra Pradesh, India,Corresponding authors
| | - Manojit Pal
- Dr. Reddy's Institute of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad Campus, Hyderabad 500046, India,Corresponding authors
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14
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Ismail MA, Abusaif MS, El-Gaby MSA, Ammar YA, Ragab A. A new class of anti-proliferative activity and apoptotic inducer with molecular docking studies for a novel of 1,3-dithiolo[4,5- b]quinoxaline derivatives hybrid with a sulfonamide moiety. RSC Adv 2023; 13:12589-12608. [PMID: 37101951 PMCID: PMC10123497 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra01635h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
A new series of 6-(pyrrolidin-1-ylsulfonyl)-[1,3]dithiolo[4,5-b]quinoxaline-2-ylidines 10a-f, 12, 14, 16, and 18 were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for their in vitro anticancer activity. The structures of the novel compounds were systematically characterized by 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and elemental analysis. The synthesized derivatives were evaluated for their in vitro antiproliferative activity against three human cancer cell lines (HepG-2, HCT-116, and MCF-7) with more sensitivity to MCF-7. Moreover, three derivatives 10c, 10f, and 12 were the most promising candidates with sub-micromole values. These derivatives were further evaluated against MDA-MB-231, and the results displayed significant IC50 values ranging from 2.26 ± 0.1 to 10.46 ± 0.8 μM and showed low cellular cytotoxicity against WI-38. Surprisingly, the most active derivative 12 revealed sensitivity towards the breast cell lines MCF-7 (IC50 = 3.82 ± 0.2 μM) and MDA-MB-231 (IC50 = 2.26 ± 0.1 μM) compared with doxorubicin (IC50 = 4.17 ± 0.2 and 3.18 ± 0.1 M). Cell cycle analysis showed that compound 12 arrests and inhibits the growth of MCF-7 cells in the S phase with values of 48.16% compared with the untreated control 29.79% and exhibited a significantly higher apoptotic effect in MCF-7 with a value of 42.08% compared to control cell at 1.84%. Furthermore, compound 12 decreased Bcl-2 protein 0.368-fold and activation on pro-apoptotic genes Bax and P53 by 3.97 and 4.97 folds, respectively, in MCF-7 cells. Compound 12 exhibited higher inhibitory activity to EGFRWt, EGFRL858R, and VEGFR-2 with IC50 values (0.19 ± 0.009, 0.026 ± 0.001, and 0.42 ± 0.021 μM) compared with erlotinib (IC50 = 0.037 ± 0.002 and 0.026 ± 0.001 μM) and sorafenib (IC50 = 0.035 ± 0.002 μM). Finally, in silico ADMET prediction presented that 1,3-dithiolo[4,5-b]quinoxaline derivative 12 obeys the Lipinski rule of five and the Veber rule with no PAINs alarms and moderately soluble properties. Additionally, toxicity prediction revealed that compound 12 demonstrated inactivity to hepatotoxic carcinogenicity, immunotoxicity, mutagenicity, and cytotoxicity. Moreover, molecular docking studies showed good binding affinity with lower binding energy inside the active site of Bcl-2 (PDB: 4AQ3), EGFR (PDB: 1M17), and VEGFR (PDB: 4ASD).
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa A Ismail
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Al-Azhar University Assiut 71524 Egypt
| | - Moustafa S Abusaif
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University Nasr City Cairo 11884 Egypt
| | - Mohamed S A El-Gaby
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University Nasr City Cairo 11884 Egypt
| | - Yousry A Ammar
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University Nasr City Cairo 11884 Egypt
| | - Ahmed Ragab
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University Nasr City Cairo 11884 Egypt
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15
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Dotsenko VV, Jassim NT, Temerdashev AZ, Abdul-Hussein ZR, Aksenov NA, Aksenova IV. New 6′-Amino-5′-cyano-2-oxo-1,2-dihydro-1′H-spiro[indole-3,4′-pyridine]-3′-carboxamides: Synthesis, Reactions, Molecular Docking Studies and Biological Activity. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28073161. [PMID: 37049923 PMCID: PMC10096136 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28073161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The purpose of this work was to prepare new isatin- and monothiomalondiamide-based indole derivatives, as well as to study the properties of the new compounds. The four-component reaction of 5-R-isatins (R = H, CH3), malononitrile, monothiomalonamide (3-amino-3-thioxo- propanamide) and triethylamine in hot EtOH yields a mixture of isomeric triethylammonium 6′-amino-3′-(aminocarbonyl)-5′-cyano-2-oxo-1,2-dihydro-1′H- and 6′-amino-3′-(aminocarbonyl)- 5′-cyano-2-oxo-1,2-dihydro-3′H-spiro[indole-3,4′-pyridine]-2′-thiolates. The reactivity and structure of the products was studied. We found that oxidation of spiro[indole-3,4′-pyridine]-2′-thiolates with DMSO-HCl system produced only acidification products, diastereomeric 6′-amino-5′-cyano-5-methyl-2-oxo-2′-thioxo-1,2,2′,3′-tetrahydro-1′H-spiro-[indole-3,4′-pyridine]- 3′-carboxamides, instead of the expected isothiazolopyridines. The alkylation of the prepared spiro[indole-3,4′-pyridine]-2′-thiolates upon treatment with N-aryl α-chloroacetamides and α-bromoacetophenones proceeds in a regioselective way at the sulfur atom. In the case of α-bromoacetophenones, ring-chain tautomerism was observed for the S-alkylation products. According to NMR data, the compounds consist of a mixture of stereoisomers of 2′-amino-6′-[(2-aryl-2-oxoethyl)thio]-3′-cyano-2-oxo-1′H-spiro[indoline-3,4′-pyridine]-5′-carboxamides and 5′-amino-3′-aryl-6′-cyano-3′-hydroxy-2-oxo-2′,3′-dihydrospiro[indoline-3,7′-thiazolo[3,2-a]pyridine]-8′-carboxamides in various ratios. The structure of the synthesized compounds was confirmed by IR spectroscopy, HRMS, 1H and 13C DEPTQ NMR studies and the results of 2D NMR experiments (1H-13C HSQC, 1H-13C HMBC). Molecular docking studies were performed to investigate suitable binding modes of some new compounds with respect to the transcriptional regulator protein PqsR of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The docking studies revealed that the compounds have affinity for the bacterial regulator protein PqsR of Pseudomonas aeruginosa with a binding energy in the range of −5.8 to −8.2 kcal/mol. In addition, one of the new compounds, 2′-amino-3′-cyano-5-methyl-2-oxo-6′-{[2-oxo-2-(p-tolylamino)ethyl]thio}-1′H-spiro-[indoline-3,4′-pyridine]-5′-carboxamide, showed in vitro moderate antibacterial effect against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and good antioxidant properties in a test with 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical. Finally, three of the new compounds were recognized as moderately active herbicide safeners with respect to herbicide 2,4-D in the laboratory experiments on sunflower seedlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Victor V. Dotsenko
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technologies, Kuban State University, 149 Stavropolskaya St., 350040 Krasnodar, Russia
- Department of Chemistry, North Caucasus Federal University, 1a Pushkin St., 355017 Stavropol, Russia
| | - Nawras T. Jassim
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technologies, Kuban State University, 149 Stavropolskaya St., 350040 Krasnodar, Russia
| | - Azamat Z. Temerdashev
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Kuban State University, 149 Stavropolskaya St., 350040 Krasnodar, Russia
| | - Zainab R. Abdul-Hussein
- Department of Pathological Analyses, College of Science, University of Basra, P.O. Box 49, Basrah 61004, Iraq
| | - Nicolai A. Aksenov
- Department of Chemistry, North Caucasus Federal University, 1a Pushkin St., 355017 Stavropol, Russia
| | - Inna V. Aksenova
- Department of Chemistry, North Caucasus Federal University, 1a Pushkin St., 355017 Stavropol, Russia
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16
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Hassan AS, Morsy NM, Aboulthana WM, Ragab A. Exploring novel derivatives of isatin-based Schiff bases as multi-target agents: design, synthesis, in vitro biological evaluation, and in silico ADMET analysis with molecular modeling simulations. RSC Adv 2023; 13:9281-9303. [PMID: 36950709 PMCID: PMC10026821 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra00297g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, scientists developed a powerful strategy called "one drug-multiple targets" to discover vital and unique therapies to fight the most challenging diseases. Novel derivatives of isatin-based Schiff bases 2-7 have been synthesized by the reaction of 3-hydrazino-isatin (1) with aryl aldehydes, hetero-aryl aldehydes, and dialdehydes. The structure of the synthesized derivatives was proved by physical and spectral analysis. Additionally, in vitro biological studies were performed, including antioxidant, anti-diabetic, anti-Alzheimer, and anti-arthritic activities. The four derivatives 3b, 5a, 5b, and 5c possess the highest activities. Among the four potent derivatives, compound 5a exhibited the highest antioxidant (TAC = 68.02 ± 0.15 mg gallic acid per g; IRP = 50.39 ± 0.11) and scavenging activities (ABTS = 53.98 ± 0.12% and DPPH = 8.65 ± 0.02 μg mL-1). Furthermore, compound 5a exhibited an α-amylase inhibitory percentage of 57.64 ± 0.13% near the acarbose (ACA = 69.11 ± 0.15%) and displayed inhibitor activity of the acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzyme = 36.38 ± 0.08%. Moreover, our work extended to determining the anti-arthritic effect, and compound 5a revealed good inhibitor activities with very close values for proteinase denaturation (PDI) = 39.59 ± 0.09% and proteinase inhibition (PI) = 36.39 ± 0.08%, compared to diclofenac sodium PDI = 49.33 ± 0.11% and PI = 41.88 ± 0.09%. Additionally, the quantum chemical calculations, including HOMO, LUMO, and energy band gap were determined, and in silico ADMET properties were predicted, and their probability was recorded. Finally, molecular docking simulations were performed inside α-amylase and acetylcholinesterase enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashraf S Hassan
- Organometallic and Organometalloid Chemistry Department, National Research Centre Dokki 12622 Cairo Egypt
| | - Nesrin M Morsy
- Organometallic and Organometalloid Chemistry Department, National Research Centre Dokki 12622 Cairo Egypt
| | - Wael M Aboulthana
- Biochemistry Department, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre Dokki 12622 Cairo Egypt
| | - Ahmed Ragab
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University Nasr City Cairo 11884 Egypt
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17
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Ayman R, Abusaif MS, Radwan AM, Elmetwally AM, Ragab A. Development of novel pyrazole, imidazo[1,2-b]pyrazole, and pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine derivatives as a new class of COX-2 inhibitors with immunomodulatory potential. Eur J Med Chem 2023; 249:115138. [PMID: 36696764 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2023.115138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 01/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Searching for new compounds with anti-inflammatory properties is a significant target since inflammation is a major cause of pain. A series of pyrazole, imidazopyrazolone, and pyrazolopyrimidine derivatives were designed and synthesized by reaction of 3,5-diamino-1H-pyrazole derivative with cyclic and acyclic carbonyl reagents. The structure of the newly synthesized derivatives were fully characterized using different spectroscopic data and elemental analysis, and therefore, evaluated as COX-2 inhibitors. The in vitro COX-2 activity of the tested derivatives 2-13 displayed moderate to good potency with two derivatives 8 and 13 that exhibiting high potency to COX-2 with IC50 values of 5.68 ± 0.08 and 3.37 ± 0.07 μM compared with celecoxib (IC50 = 3.60 ± 0.07 μM) and meloxicam (IC50 = 7.58 ± 0.13 μM). Furthermore, the most active pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine derivatives 8 and 13 were evaluated to measure the levels of pro-inflammatory proteins such as TNF-α and IL-6 using qRT-PCR in RAW264.7 cells, and the results showed down-regulation of two immunomodulatory proteins. Surprisingly, these derivatives 8 and 13 revealed a decrease in IL-6 level with inhibition percentages of 65.8 and 70.3%, respectively, compared with celecoxib (% = 76.8). Further, compounds 8 and 13 can regulate and suppress the TNF-α with percentage inhibition of 63.1 and 59.2% to controls, while celecoxib displayed an inhibition percentage of 72.7. The Quantum chemical calculation was conducted, and data explained the structural features crucial to the activity. The molecular docking simulation and ADMET predictions revealed that the most active derivatives have good binding affinity, possess appropriate drug-likeness properties and low toxicity profiles. Finally, compounds 8 and 13 demonstrated COX-2 inhibitors with α-TNF and IL-6 suppression capabilities as a dual-action strategy to get more effective treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radwa Ayman
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science Girls, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, 11754, Egypt.
| | - Moustafa S Abusaif
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science Boys, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, 11884, Egypt
| | - A M Radwan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science Girls, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, 11754, Egypt
| | | | - Ahmed Ragab
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science Boys, Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, 11884, Egypt.
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18
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Ahmad I, Khan H, Serdaroğlu G. Physicochemical Properties, Drug Likeness, ADMET, DFT Studies and in vitro antioxidant activity of Oxindole Derivatives. Comput Biol Chem 2023; 104:107861. [PMID: 37060784 DOI: 10.1016/j.compbiolchem.2023.107861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Poor pharmacokinetic and safety profiles create significant hurdles in the drug development process. This work focuses on a detailed understanding of drug discovery interplay among physicochemical, pharmacokinetic, toxicity endpoints, and antioxidant properties of oxindole derivatives. DFT compıutations were also performed at B3LYP/6-311G** level to evaluate the physicochemical properties, global reactivity features, and intramolecular interactions. The BOILED-Egg pharmacokinetic model envisaged gastrointestinal absorption, blood-brain barrier penetration, and no interaction with p-glycoprotein for compounds C1 and C2. The physicochemical evaluation revealed that C1 possesses superior drug-like properties fit for oral absorption. Both derivatives were predicted to have high plasma protein binding, efficient distribution, and inhibiting CYP 450 major isoforms but serve as substrates only for a few of them. Both molecules have mild to moderate clearance rates. Out of ten toxicity parameters, only hepatotoxicity was predicted. DFT results implied that the meta position of the -OH group made the possibility of charge transfer greater than -para positioned -OH, due to the ΔNmax (eV) values of molecules C1 and C2 being calculated at 2.596 and 2.477, respectively. Both C1 and C2 exhibited a concentration dependant DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activity. The chemical structure-physicochemical-pharmacokinetic relationship identified the meta position as the favorite for the electron-withdrawing hydroxyl group. This provides useful insight to medicinal chemists to design 6-chlorooxindole derivatives with an acceptable drug-like and pharmacokinetic property.
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Patel PJ, Vala RM, Patel SG, Upadhyay DB, Rajani DP, Damiri F, Berrada M, Patel HM. Catalyst-free synthesis of imidazo[5,1-b]quinazolines and their antimicrobial activity. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2023.135467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
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20
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Development of new spiro[1,3]dithiine-4,11'-indeno[1,2-b]quinoxaline derivatives as S. aureus Sortase A inhibitors and radiosterilization with molecular modeling simulation. Bioorg Chem 2023; 131:106307. [PMID: 36481380 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2022.106307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Multi-drug resistant microbes have become a severe threat to human health and arise a worldwide concern. A total of fifteen spiro-1,3-dithiinoindenoquinoxaline derivatives 2-7 were synthesized and evaluated for their biological activities against five standard and MDRB pathogens. The MIC and MBC/MFC for the most active derivatives were determined in vitro via broth microdilution assay. These derivatives showed significant activity against the tested strains with microbicidal behavior, with compound 4b as the most active compound (MIC range between 0.06 and 0.25 µg/mL for bacteria strains and MIC = 0.25 µg/mL for C. albicans). The most active spiro-1,3-dithiinoindenoquinoxaline derivatives were able to inhibit the activity of SrtA with IC50 values ranging from 22.15 ± 0.4 µM to 37.12 ± 1.4 µM. In addition, the active spiro-1,3-dithiinoindenoquinoxaline attenuated the in vitro virulence-related phenotype of SrtA by weakening the adherence of S. aureus to fibrinogen and reducing the biofilm formation. Surprisingly, compound 4b revealed potent SrtA inhibitory activity with IC50 = 22.15 µM, inhibiting the adhesion of S. aureus with 39.22 ± 0.15 % compared with untreated 9.43 ± 1.52 %, and showed a reduction in the biofilm biomass of S. aureus with 32.27 ± 0.52 %. We further investigated the effect of gamma radiation as a sterilization method on the microbial load and found that a dose of 5 kGy was sufficient to eradicate the microbial load. The quantum chemical studies exhibited that the tested derivatives have a small energy band gap (ΔE = -2.95 to -3.61 eV) and therefore exert potent bioactivity by interacting with receptors more stabilizing.
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Ammar YA, Micky JA, Aboul-Magd DS, Abd El-Hafez SMA, Hessein SA, Ali AM, Ragab A. Development and radiosterilization of new hydrazono-quinoline hybrids as DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV inhibitors: Antimicrobial and hemolytic activities against uropathogenic isolates with molecular docking study. Chem Biol Drug Des 2023; 101:245-270. [PMID: 36305722 DOI: 10.1111/cbdd.14154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to synthesize new potent quinoline derivatives based on hydrazone moieties and evaluate their antimicrobial activity. The newly synthesized hydrazono-quinoline derivatives 2, 5a, 9, and 10b showed the highest antimicrobial activity with MIC values ≤1.0 μg/ml against bacteria and ≤8.0 μg/ml against the fungi. Further, these derivatives exhibited bactericidal and fungicidal effects with MBC/MIC and MFC/MIC ratio ≤4. Surprisingly, the most active compounds displayed good inhibition to biofilm formation with MBEC values ranging between (40.0 ± 10.0 - 230.0 ± 31.0) and (67.0 ± 24.0 - 347.0 ± 15.0) μg/ml against Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, respectively. The hemolytic assays confirmed that the hydrazono-quinoline derivatives are non-toxic with low % lysis values ranging from 4.62% to 14.4% at a 1.0 mg/ml concentration. Besides, compound 5a exhibited the lowest hemolytic activity value of ~4.62%. Furthermore, the study suggests that the hydrazono-quinoline analogs exert their antibacterial activity as dual inhibitors for DNA gyrase and DNA topoisomerase IV enzymes with IC50 values ranging between (4.56 ± 0.3 - 21.67 ± 0.45) and (6.77 ± 0.4 - 20.41 ± 0.32) μM, respectively. Additionally, the recent work advocated that compound 5a showed the reference SAL at the ɣ-radiation dose of 10.0 kGy in the sterilization process without affecting its chemical structure. Finally, the in silico drug-likeness, toxicity properties, and molecular docking simulation were performed. Besides, the result exhibited good oral-bioavailability, lower toxicity prediction, and lower binding energy with good binding mode rather than the positive control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yousry A Ammar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Jehan A Micky
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Dina S Aboul-Magd
- Drug Radiation Research Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Egypt
| | - Sondos M A Abd El-Hafez
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Sadia A Hessein
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Abeer M Ali
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Ragab
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
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22
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Abdelgalil MM, Ammar YA, Elhag Ali GA, Ali AK, Ragab A. A novel of quinoxaline derivatives tagged with pyrrolidinyl scaffold as a new class of antimicrobial agents: Design, synthesis, antimicrobial activity, and molecular docking simulation. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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23
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Hassan AS, Morsy NM, Aboulthana WM, Ragab A. In vitro enzymatic evaluation of some pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine derivatives: Design, synthesis, antioxidant, anti-diabetic, anti-Alzheimer, and anti-arthritic activities with molecular modeling simulation. Drug Dev Res 2023; 84:3-24. [PMID: 36380556 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.22008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The strategy of utilizing nitrogen compounds in various biological applications has recently emerged as a powerful approach to exploring novel classes of therapeutics to face the challenge of diseases. A series of pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine-based compounds 3a-l and 5a-f were prepared by the direct cyclo-condensation reaction of 5-amino-1H-pyrazoles 1a, b with 2-(arylidene)malononitriles and 3-(dimethylamino)-1-aryl-prop-2-en-1-ones, respectively. The structures of the new pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine compounds were confirmed via spectroscopic techniques. The in vitro biological activities of all pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidines 3a-l and 5a-f were evaluated by assaying total antioxidant capacity, iron-reducing power, the scavenging activity against 1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) and 2, 2'-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radicals, anti-diabetic, anti-Alzheimer, and anti-arthritic biological activities. All compounds displayed good to potent bioactivity, and three compounds 3g, 3h, and 3l displayed the most active derivatives. Among these derivatives, compound 3l exhibited the highest antioxidant (total antioxidant capacity [TAC] = 83.09 mg gallic acid/g; iron-reducing power [IRP] = 47.93 µg/ml) and free radicals scavenging activities with (DPPH = 18.77 µg/ml; ABTS = 40.44%) compared with ascorbic acid (DPPH = 4.28 µg/ml; ABTS = 38.84%). Furthermore, compound 3l demonstrated the strongest inhibition of α-amylase with a percent inhibition of 72.91 ± 0.14 compared to acarbose = 67.92 ± 0.09%. Similarly, it displayed acetylcholinesterase inhibition of 62.80 ± 0.06%. However, compound 3i showed a significantly higher inhibition percentage for protein denaturation and proteinase at 20.66 ± 0.00 and 26.42 ± 0.06%, respectively. Additionally, some in silico ADMET properties were predicted and studied. Finally, molecular docking simulation was performed inside the active site of α-amylase and acetylcholinesterase to study their interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashraf S Hassan
- Organometallic and Organometalloid Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nesrin M Morsy
- Organometallic and Organometalloid Chemistry Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Wael M Aboulthana
- Biochemistry Department, Biotechnology Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Ragab
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
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Ayman R, Radwan AM, Elmetwally AM, Ammar YA, Ragab A. Discovery of novel pyrazole and pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine derivatives as cyclooxygenase inhibitors (COX-1 and COX-2) using molecular modeling simulation. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2023; 356:e2200395. [PMID: 36336646 DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202200395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Searching for effective and selective anti-inflammatory agents, our study involved designing and synthesizing new pyrazole and pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine derivatives 4-11. The structures of the synthesized derivatives were confirmed using different spectroscopic techniques. Virtual screening was achieved for the newly designed derivatives using in silico docking simulation inside the active sites of four proteins classified as two cyclooxygenases (COX)-1 (PDB: 3KK6 and 4OIZ) and two COX-2 (PBD: 1CX2 and 3LN1). Among them, six derivatives 4c, 5b, 6a, 7a, 7b, and 10b displayed the highest binding energy. These derivatives were evaluated for their in vitro COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitory activities and their selectivity indexes were calculated. Additionally, these derivatives displayed IC50 values ranging between 4.909 ± 0.25 and 57.53 ± 2.91 µM, and 3.289 ± 0.14 and 124 ± 5.32 µM, against COX-1 and COX-2, respectively. Furthermore, the tested derivatives were found to have selective inhibitory activity on the COX-2 enzyme. Surprisingly, the two pyrazole derivatives 4c and 5b were found to be the most active, with IC50 values of 9.835 ± 0.50 and 4.909 ± 0.25 µM and 4.597 ± 0.20 and 3.289 ± 0.14 µM compared with meloxicam (1.879 ± 0.1 and 5.409 ± 0.23 µM) and celecoxib (5.439 ± 0.28 and 2.164 ± 0.09 µM) against COX-1/-2, respectively. Besides, two pyrazole derivatives, 4c and 5b, displayed a COX-1/COX-2 SI of 2.14 and 1.49. Computational techniques such as molecular docking, density function theory (DFT) calculation, and chemical absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity evaluation were applied to explain the molecules' binding mode, chemical nature, drug likeness, and toxicity prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radwa Ayman
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - A M Radwan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science (Girls), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | | | - Yousry A Ammar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Ragab
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
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Synthesis, antimicrobial activity and molecular docking studies of spiroquinoline-indoline-dione and spiropyrazolo-indoline-dione derivatives. Sci Rep 2023; 13:1676. [PMID: 36717728 PMCID: PMC9885930 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-27777-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Spiro[benzo[h]quinoline-7,3'-indoline]diones and spiro[indoline-3,4'-pyrazolo[3,4-b]quinoline]diones were efficiently synthesized via one-pot multi-component reactions under ultrasound-promoted conditions. Spiro[benzo[h]quinoline-7,3'-indoline]dione derivatives were successfully developed by the reaction of isatins, naphthalene-1-amine and 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds. The spiro[indoline-3,4'-pyrazolo[3,4-b]quinoline]dione derivatives were prepared by the reaction of isatins, 5-amino-1-methyl-3-pheylpyrazole, and 1,3-dicarbonyl compounds by using ( ±)-camphor-10-sulfonic acid as a catalyst in H2O/EtOH (3:1 v/v) solvent mixture. The antibacterial activity of the synthesized compounds was evaluated against, Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans. Compounds 4b, 4h, and 6h showed the strongest antimicrobial activity toward both bacteria. The MIC values of these compounds ranged from 375-3000 µg/mL. The effect of these compounds (4b, 4h, 6h) as a function of applied dose and time was investigated by a kinetic study, and the interaction with these antimicrobial results was simulated by a molecular docking study. We also used the docking approach with Covid-19 since secondary bacterial infections. Docking showed that indoline-quinoline hybrid compounds 4b and 4h exerted the strongest docking binding value against the active sites of 6LU7. In addition, the synthesized compounds had a moderate to good free radical scavenging activity.
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The Safety and Efficacy of the Protease Inhibitors Lopinavir/Ritonavir as Monotherapy or Combined with Interferon in COVID-19 Patients. Processes (Basel) 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/pr11020398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Enzyme inhibitors are frequently used to treat viral illnesses. Protease inhibitors are a promising class for combating novel and life-threatening viral infections. This research aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of lopinavir/ritonavir monotherapy or lopinavir/ritonavir plus interferon for the treatment of COVID-19. The PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library databases were searched for English articles with full texts available online. ReviewManager software was used to conduct a meta-analysis, subgroup analysis, and sensitivity analysis. Following the creation of the protocol, the collected sources were sorted into categories and evaluated for quality. Risk and hazard ratios and the random effects model were implemented, with statistical heterogeneity assigned using the Higgins I2 statistic. Lopinavir/ritonavir, with or without interferon, was associated with a nonsignificant higher mortality rate (odds ratio [OR] 1.29; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.95 to 1.761; p = 0.1), as was clinical improvement (OR 1.2; 95% CI 0.8 to 1.84; p = 0.36). The difference in the length of hospital stay was in favor of the control group but statistically insignificant (standardized mean difference [SMD] 0.07; 95% CI −0.44 to 0.57; p = 0.79). The pooled data showed that lopinavir/ritonavir, with or without interferon, was associated with a significantly higher number of adverse events than placebo (OR 1.2; 95% CI 1.09 to 2.34; p = 0.02). Serious adverse events were insignificantly increased in the treated group over the control group (OR 1.2; 95% CI 0.96 to 2.12; p = 0.08). In the subgroup analysis, it was found that interferon used with lopinavir/ritonavir did not have a statistically significant effect on mortality rates (OR 1.75; 95% CI 0.87 to 3.55; p = 0.37), adverse effects (OR 1.20; 95% CI 0.75 to 1.91; p = 0.27), or serious adverse effects (OR 1.86; 95% CI 1.17 to 2.96; p = 0.33). Treatment with lopinavir/ritonavir alone or in combination with interferon for COVID-19 did not significantly outperform placebo in this study. Large randomized clinical trials are required to evaluate lopinavir/ritonavir in conjunction with interferon for the treatment of COVID-19. Such studies would benefit greatly from being conducted in a double-blind fashion at multiple locations.
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Novel fluorinated pyrazole-based heterocycles scaffold: cytotoxicity, in silico studies and molecular modelling targeting double mutant EGFR L858R/T790M as antiproliferative and apoptotic agents. Med Chem Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-022-03004-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
AbstractHepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), also known as hepatoma, is the most prevalent type of primary liver cancer. It begins in the hepatocytes, the liver’s major cell type. Cancer that began in another region of the body but has spread to the liver is known as secondary cancer of life; several still unmet demands for better, less toxic therapy to treat this malignant tumor. Several novel pyrazolo[1,5-a]pyrimidine derivatives were synthesized as part of our goal to develop promising anticancer drugs. All the synthesized hybrids have been screened for their cytotoxicity effect against three cancer cell lines which are; HepG-2, HCT-116, and MCF-7. The liver cancer cells were found to be the most sensitive to the effect of the new molecules. A subsequent set of in vitro biological evaluation studies has been conducted on the most promising derivatives to identify their effect on such a cancer type. In HepG-2 cells, four derivatives (8a, 8b, 10c, and 11b) demonstrated good anticancer activity. The most efficacious compounds were 8b and 10c, which had IC50 values of 2.36 ± 0.14 and 1.14 ± 0.063 μM, respectively, higher than the reference medication Imatinib. The latter’s putative molecular effect has been investigated further by looking at its influence on the cell cycle, EGFR, and specific apoptotic and anti-apoptotic markers in HepG-2 cells. These findings indicated that 8b and 10c could trigger apoptosis by upregulating BAX and caspase-3 and cell cycle at the Pre-G1 and G2-M stages. The compounds 8b and 10c showed high potency for EGFR with IC50 equal to 0.098 and 0.079 μM, respectively. Compound 10c had the most effective inhibitory activity for EGFR L858R-TK with IC50 (36.79 nM). Additionally, in silico ADMET and docking studies were done for the most active hits, representing good results.
Graphical Abstract
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28
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Raslan RR, Ammar YA, Fouad SA, Hessein SA, Shmiess NAM, Ragab A. Evaluation of the anti-proliferative activity of 2-oxo-pyridine and 1′ H-spiro-pyridine derivatives as a new class of EGFR Wt and VEGFR-2 inhibitors with apoptotic inducers †. RSC Adv 2023; 13:10440-10458. [PMID: 37020892 PMCID: PMC10069231 DOI: 10.1039/d3ra00887h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Developing new agents for cancer treatment remains a top priority because it is one of the deadliest worldwide. A new series of 2-oxo-pyridine and 1′H-spiro-pyridine derivatives were designed and synthesized based on an N-(ethyl benzoate) moiety. The structure of the designed derivatives was confirmed by different spectroscopic techniques (FT-IR and NMR) and elemental analysis and then evaluated as antiproliferative against HepG-2 and Caco-2 cell lines compared with Doxorubicin. The spiro-pyridine derivatives 5, 7, and 8 exhibited a remarkably higher activity against Caco-2 cell lines than that of other derivatives. Additionally, these derivatives exhibited activation in the Bax and suppressed Bcl-2 expression with variable degrees. Interestingly, compound 7 showed the lowest cytotoxicity value on Caco-2 cells (IC50 = 7.83 ± 0.50 μM) compared with Doxorubicin (IC50 = 12.49 ± 1.10 μM). Additionally, this compound showed activation of the Bax gene (7.508-fold) and suppressed Bcl-2 (0.194-fold) compared to untreated Caco-2 cells, as revealed by the qRT-PCR technique. Moreover, compound 7 could inhibit EGFR and VEGFR-2 with sub-micromole values of 0.124 μM and 0.221 μM compared with Erlotinib (IC50 = 0.033 μM) and Sorafenib (IC50 = 0.043 μM), respectively. Further, cell cycle and apoptosis analysis demonstrated that compound 7 promoted apoptosis by increasing the apoptosis rate from 1.92 to 42.35% and the S cell accumulation ratio from 31.18 to 42.07% compared to untreated Caco-2 cells. Finally, the most active compound 7 showed good drug-likeness and toxicity profiles. Besides, molecular docking studies were performed to determine the binding mode, which is in agreement with the in vitro results. Design and synthesis a novel of 2-oxo-pyridine and 1′H-spiro-pyridine derivatives as a new apoptotic inducers agents.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Reham R. Raslan
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science (Girls), Al-Azhar UniversityNasr CityCairoEgypt
| | - Yousry A. Ammar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar UniversityNasr City11884CairoEgypt
| | - Sawsan A. Fouad
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science (Girls), Al-Azhar UniversityNasr CityCairoEgypt
| | - Sadia A. Hessein
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science (Girls), Al-Azhar UniversityNasr CityCairoEgypt
| | - Nadia A. M. Shmiess
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science (Girls), Al-Azhar UniversityNasr CityCairoEgypt
| | - Ahmed Ragab
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar UniversityNasr City11884CairoEgypt
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29
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Fayed EA, Ebrahim MA, Fathy U, Saeed HSE, Khalaf WS. Evaluation of quinoxaline derivatives as potential ergosterol biosynthesis inhibitors: design, synthesis, ADMET, molecular docking studies, and antifungal activities. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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30
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Barakat A, Mostafa A, Ali M, Al-Majid AM, Domingo LR, Kutkat O, Moatasim Y, Zia K, Ul-Haq Z, Elshaier YAMM. Design, Synthesis and In Vitro Evaluation of Spirooxindole-Based Phenylsulfonyl Moiety as a Candidate Anti-SAR-CoV-2 and MERS-CoV-2 with the Implementation of Combination Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911861. [PMID: 36233160 PMCID: PMC9569468 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
The search for an effective anti-viral to inhibit COVID-19 is a challenge for the specialized scientific research community. This work investigated the anti-coronavirus activity for spirooxindole-based phenylsulfone cycloadducts in a single and combination protocols. The newly designed anti-SARS-CoV-2 therapeutics spirooxindoles synthesized by [3 + 2] cycloaddition reactions represent an efficient approach. One-pot multicomponent reactions between phenyl vinyl sulfone, substituted isatins, and amines afforded highly stereoselective anti-SARS-CoV-2 therapeutics spirooxindoles with three stereogenic centers. Herein, the newly synthesized spirooxindoles were assessed individually against the highly pathogenic human coronaviruses and proved to be highly potent and safer. Interestingly, the synergistic effect by combining the potent, tested spirooxindoles resulted in an improved antiviral activity as well as better host-cell safety. Compounds 4i and 4d represented the most potent activity against MERS-CoV with IC50 values of 11 and 23 µM, respectively. Both compounds 4c and 4e showed equipotent activity with the best IC50 against SARS-CoV-2 with values of 17 and 18 µM, respectively, then compounds 4d and 4k with IC50 values of 24 and 27 µM, respectively. Then, our attention oriented to perform a combination protocol as anti-SARS-CoV-2 for the best compounds with a different binding mode and accompanied with different pharmacophores. Combination of compound 4k with 4c and combination of compounds 4k with 4i proved to be more active and safer. Compounds 4k with 4i displayed IC50 = 3.275 µM and half maximal cytotoxic-concentration CC50 = 11832 µM. MD simulation of the most potential compounds as well as in silico ADMET properties were investigated. This study highlights the potential drug-like properties of spirooxindoles as a cocktail anti-coronavirus protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Assem Barakat
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (A.B.); (Y.A.M.M.E.); Tel.: +966-11467-5901 (A.B.); Fax: +966-11467-5992 (A.B.)
| | - Ahmed Mostafa
- Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - M. Ali
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Mohammed Al-Majid
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Luis R. Domingo
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Valencia, Dr. Moliner 50, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain
| | - Omnia Kutkat
- Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Yassmin Moatasim
- Center of Scientific Excellence for Influenza Viruses, National Research Centre, Giza 12622, Egypt
| | - Komal Zia
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Zaheer Ul-Haq
- Dr. Panjwani Center for Molecular Medicine and Drug Research, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Center for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Yaseen A. M. M. Elshaier
- Department of Organic and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Sadat City, Menoufiya 32958, Egypt
- Correspondence: (A.B.); (Y.A.M.M.E.); Tel.: +966-11467-5901 (A.B.); Fax: +966-11467-5992 (A.B.)
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Novel cyclohepta[b]thiophene derivative incorporating pyrimidine, pyridine, and chromene moiety as potential antimicrobial agents targeting DNA gyrase. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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32
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Ragab A, Abusaif MS, Aboul-Magd DS, Wassel MMS, Elhagali GAM, Ammar YA. A new exploration toward adamantane derivatives as potential anti-MDR agents: Design, synthesis, antimicrobial, and radiosterilization activity as potential topoisomerase IV and DNA gyrase inhibitors. Drug Dev Res 2022; 83:1305-1330. [PMID: 35716118 DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 05/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Developing novel antimicrobial agents has become a necessitate due to the increasing rate of microbial resistance to antibiotics. All the newly adamantane derivatives were evaluated for their antimicrobial activities against six MDR clinical pathogenic isolates. The results exhibited that 13 compounds have from potent to good activity. Among those, five derivatives (6, 7, 9, 14a, and 14b) displayed the potent activities against the different isolates tested (MIC < 0.25 µg/ml with bacteria and <8 µg/ml with fungi) compared with Ciprofloxacin (CIP) and Fluconazole (FCA). Additionally, the potent adamantanes showed bactericidal and fungicidal effects based on (MBCs and MFCs) and the time-kill assay. The most active adamantane derivatives 7 and 14b exhibited a synergistic effect of ΣFIC ≤ 0.5 with CIP and FCA against the bacterial and fungal isolates. Moreover, no antagonistic effect appeared for the tested derivatives. Additionally, the interaction of DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV enzymes with the compounds 6, 7, 9, 14a, and 14b exhibited potent antimicrobial activity using in vitro biochemical assays and gel-based DNA-supercoiling inhibition method. The activity of DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV enzymes showed inhibitory activity (IC50 ) of 6.20 µM and 9.40 µM with compound 7 and 10.14 µM and 13.28 µM with compound 14b, respectively. Surprisingly, exposing compound 7 to gamma irradiation sterilized and increased its activity. Finally, the in-silico analysis predicted that the most active derivatives had good drug-likeness and safe properties. Besides, molecular docking and quantum chemical studies revealed several important interactions inside the active sites and showed the structural features necessary for activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed Ragab
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Moustafa S Abusaif
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Dina S Aboul-Magd
- Drug Radiation Research Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Egyptian Atomic Energy Authority, Egypt
| | - Mohammed M S Wassel
- Department of Foot and Mouth Disease, Veterinary Serum and Vaccine Research Institute, Abbasia, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Gameel A M Elhagali
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Yousry A Ammar
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science (Boys), Al-Azhar University, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt
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Saadon KE, Taha NMH, Mahmoud NA, Elhagali GAM, Ragab A. Synthesis, characterization, and in vitro antibacterial activity of some new pyridinone and pyrazole derivatives with some in silico ADME and molecular modeling study. JOURNAL OF THE IRANIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s13738-022-02575-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
AbstractA new series of pyridine-2-one and pyrazole derivatives were designed and synthesized based on cyanoacrylamide derivatives containing 2,4-dichlro aniline and 6-methyl 2-amino pyridine as an aryl group. Condensation of cyanoacrylamide derivatives 3a–d with different active methylene (malononitrile, ethyl cyanoacetate cyanoacetamide, and ethyl acetoacetate) in the presence of piperidine as basic catalyst afforded the corresponding pyridinone derivatives 4a–c, 5, 9, and 13. Furthermore, the reaction of cyanoacrylamide derivatives 3a–d with bi-nucleophile as hydrazine hydrate and thiosemicarbazide afforded the corresponding pyrazole derivatives 14a,b and 16. The newly designed derivatives were confirmed and established based on the elemental analysis and spectra data (IR, 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and mass). The in vitro antibacterial activity was evaluated against four bacterial strains with weak to good antibacterial activity. Moreover, the results indicated that the most active derivatives 3a, 4a, 4b, 9, and 16 might lead to antibacterial agents, especially against B. subtilis and P. vulgaris. The DFT calculations were performed to estimate its geometric structure and electronic properties. In addition, the most active pyridinone and pyrazole derivatives were further evaluated for in silico physicochemical, drug-likeness, and toxicity prediction. These derivatives obeyed all Lipinski’s and Veber’s rules without any violation and displayed non-immunotoxin, non-mutagenic, and non-cytotoxic. Molecular docking simulation was performed inside the active site of Topoisomerase IV (PDB:3FV5). It displayed binding energy ranging from -14.97 kcal/mol to -18.86 kcal/mol with hydrogen bonding and arene–cation interaction. Therefore, these derivatives were suggested to be good antibacterial agents via topoisomerase IV inhibitor.
Graphical abstract
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34
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Tavakoli E, Sepehrmansourie H, Zarei M, Zolfigol MA, Khazaei A, Hosseinifard M. Applications of novel composite UiO-66-NH 2/Melamine with phosphorous acid tags as a porous and efficient catalyst for the preparation of novel spiro-oxindoles. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj03340b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A new approach for the incorporation of phosphorous acid tags into a metal organic framework based on UiO-66-NH2/Melamine was introduced. This new catalyst was applied to the preparation of novel spiro-oxindoles under mild and green conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Tavakoli
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, 6517838683, Iran
| | - Hassan Sepehrmansourie
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, 6517838683, Iran
| | - Mahmoud Zarei
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, 6517838683, Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Zolfigol
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, 6517838683, Iran
| | - Ardeshir Khazaei
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, 6517838683, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Hosseinifard
- Department of Semiconductors, Materials and Energy Research Center, P.O. Box 31787-316, Karaj, Iran
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