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Ma YL, Li Z, Wu ZF, Wu QL, Guo X, Shang YF, Thakur K, Wei ZJ. Amelioration activity of the high bioaccessible chrysanthemum (Gongju) phenolics on alcohol-induced oxidative injury in AML-12 cells. Food Chem 2024; 457:140092. [PMID: 38901347 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.140092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
The main bioavailable phenolics from of Gongju (GJ) and their mechanism for hepato-protection remain unclear. To select the GJ phenolics with high bioavailability, chrysanthemum digestion and Caco-2 cells were used and their hepato-protective potential were examined by using AML-12 cells. The digestive recovery and small intestinal transit rate of the main phenolic compounds ranged from 28.52 to 69.53% and 6.57% ∼ 15.50%, respectively. Among them, chlorogenic acid, 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, and 1,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid, showed higher small intestinal transit rates and digestive recoveries. Furthermore, we found that by increasing intracellular Catalase (CAT) and Superoxide dismutase (SOD) viability and lowering Malondialdehyde (MDA) level (P < 0.05), 3,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid significantly mitigated the oxidative damage of AML-12 liver cells more than the other two phenolics. Our results demonstrated that 3,5-dicaffeoylquninic acid was the primary phenolic compounds in GJ that effectively reduced liver damage, providing a theoretical basis for the development of GJ as a potentially useful resource for hepatoprotective diet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Long Ma
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China; School of Biological Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Food Production and Safety, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, China.
| | - Zhi Li
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Zheng-Fang Wu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Qian-Lan Wu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Xin Guo
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Ya-Fang Shang
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China; School of Biological Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Food Production and Safety, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, China.
| | - Kiran Thakur
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China; School of Biological Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Food Production and Safety, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, China.
| | - Zhao-Jun Wei
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China; School of Biological Science and Engineering, Collaborative Innovation Center for Food Production and Safety, North Minzu University, Yinchuan 750021, China.
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Du C, Wang P, Li Y, Cong X, Huang D, Chen S, Zhu S. Investigation of selenium and selenium species in Cardamine violifolia using in vitro digestion coupled with a Caco-2 cell monolayer model. Food Chem 2024; 444:138675. [PMID: 38335688 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.138675] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2023] [Revised: 01/16/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
Inadequate Se intake can enhance vulnerability to certain health risks, with supplementation lessening these risks. This study investigated the bioavailability of Se and Se species in five Se compounds and in Se-rich Cardamine violifolia using in vitro digestion coupled with a Caco-2 cell monolayer model, which enabled the study of Se transport and uptake. Translocation results showed that SeCys2 and MeSeCys had high translocation rates in C. violifolia leaves (CVLs). The uptake rate of organic Se increased with time, and MeSeCys exhibited a higher uptake rate than that for SeCys2 and SeMet. The translocation mechanisms of SeMet, Se(IV), and Se(VI) were passive transport, whereas those of SeCys2 and MeSeCys were active transport. The bioavailability of organic Se was higher than that of inorganic Se, with a total Se bioavailability in CVLs of 49.11 %. This study would provide a theoretical basis for the application of C. violifolia in the functional food.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaodong Du
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Peiyu Wang
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Yue Li
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Xin Cong
- Enshi Se-Run Material Engineering Technology Co., Ltd., Enshi, Hubei 445000, China; National R&D Center for Se-Rich Agricultural Products Processing, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan 430023, China
| | - Dejian Huang
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117543, Singapore
| | - Shangwei Chen
- Analysis and Testing Center, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Song Zhu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China; State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China.
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Yang YJ, Kim MJ, Lee HJ, Lee WY, Yang JH, Kim HH, Shim MS, Heo JW, Son JD, Kim WH, Kim GS, Lee HJ, Kim YW, Kim KY, Park KI. Ziziphus jujuba Miller Ethanol Extract Restores Disrupted Intestinal Barrier Function via Tight Junction Recovery and Reduces Inflammation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:575. [PMID: 38790680 PMCID: PMC11118233 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13050575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory condition caused by the disruption of the intestinal barrier. The intestinal barrier is maintained by tight junctions (TJs), which sustain intestinal homeostasis and prevent pathogens from entering the microbiome and mucosal tissues. Ziziphus jujuba Miller (Z. jujuba) is a natural substance that has been used in traditional medicine as a therapy for a variety of diseases. However, in IBD, the efficacy of Z. jujuba is unknown. Therefore, we evaluated ZJB in Caco2 cells and a dextran sodium sulfate (DSS)-induced mouse model to demonstrate its efficacy in IBD. Z. jujuba extracts were prepared using 70% ethanol and were named ZJB. ZJB was found to be non-cytotoxic and to have excellent antioxidant effects. We confirmed its anti-inflammatory properties via the down-regulation of inflammatory factors, including inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2). To evaluate the effects of ZJB on intestinal barrier function and TJ improvement, the trans-epithelial electrical resistance (TEER) and fluorescein isothiocyanate-dextran 4 kDa (FITC-Dextran 4) permeability were assessed. The TEER value increased by 61.389% and permeability decreased by 27.348% in the 200 μg/mL ZJB group compared with the 50 ng/mL IL-6 group after 24 h. Additionally, ZJB alleviated body weight loss, reduced the disease activity index (DAI) score, and induced colon shortening in 5% DSS-induced mice; inflammatory cytokines, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, and interleukin (IL)-6 were down-regulated in the serum. TJ proteins, such as Zonula occludens (ZO)-1 and occludin, were up-regulated by ZJB in an impaired Caco2 mouse model. Additionally, according to the liquid chromatography results, in tandem with mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analysis, seven active ingredients were detected in ZJB. In conclusion, ZJB down-regulated inflammatory factors, protected intestinal barrier function, and increased TJ proteins. It is thus a safe, natural substance with the potential to be used as a therapeutic agent in IBD treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Jin Yang
- Departments of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea; (Y.J.Y.); (M.J.K.); (H.H.K.); (J.W.H.); (J.D.S.); (W.H.K.); (G.S.K.); (H.-J.L.)
| | - Min Jung Kim
- Departments of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea; (Y.J.Y.); (M.J.K.); (H.H.K.); (J.W.H.); (J.D.S.); (W.H.K.); (G.S.K.); (H.-J.L.)
| | - Ho Jeong Lee
- Gyeongnam Bio-Health Research Support Center, Gyeongnam Branch Institute, Korea Institute of Toxicology (KIT), 17 Jeigok-gil, Jinju 52834, Republic of Korea;
| | - Won-Yung Lee
- School of Korean Medicine, Wonkwang University, Iksan 54538, Republic of Korea;
| | - Ju-Hye Yang
- Korean Medicine (KM)-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 70 Cheomdanro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea;
| | - Hun Hwan Kim
- Departments of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea; (Y.J.Y.); (M.J.K.); (H.H.K.); (J.W.H.); (J.D.S.); (W.H.K.); (G.S.K.); (H.-J.L.)
| | - Min Sup Shim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, College of Graduate Studies, Midwestern University, 19555 N. 59th Ave., Glendale, AZ 85308, USA;
| | - Ji Woong Heo
- Departments of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea; (Y.J.Y.); (M.J.K.); (H.H.K.); (J.W.H.); (J.D.S.); (W.H.K.); (G.S.K.); (H.-J.L.)
| | - Jae Dong Son
- Departments of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea; (Y.J.Y.); (M.J.K.); (H.H.K.); (J.W.H.); (J.D.S.); (W.H.K.); (G.S.K.); (H.-J.L.)
| | - Woo H. Kim
- Departments of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea; (Y.J.Y.); (M.J.K.); (H.H.K.); (J.W.H.); (J.D.S.); (W.H.K.); (G.S.K.); (H.-J.L.)
| | - Gon Sup Kim
- Departments of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea; (Y.J.Y.); (M.J.K.); (H.H.K.); (J.W.H.); (J.D.S.); (W.H.K.); (G.S.K.); (H.-J.L.)
| | - Hu-Jang Lee
- Departments of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea; (Y.J.Y.); (M.J.K.); (H.H.K.); (J.W.H.); (J.D.S.); (W.H.K.); (G.S.K.); (H.-J.L.)
| | - Young-Woo Kim
- School of Korean Medicine, Dongguk University, Gyeongju 38066, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwang Youn Kim
- Korean Medicine (KM)-Application Center, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 70 Cheomdanro, Dong-gu, Daegu 41062, Republic of Korea;
| | - Kwang Il Park
- Departments of Veterinary Medicine, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, Republic of Korea; (Y.J.Y.); (M.J.K.); (H.H.K.); (J.W.H.); (J.D.S.); (W.H.K.); (G.S.K.); (H.-J.L.)
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Feng H, Liu C, Liu Q, Wang J, Zeng Y, Sun Y, Zhang M, Zhang H, Liu Z, Zhao J, Liu H. Study on the transport and internalisation mechanism of dietary supplement nattokinase in the small intestine using animal and Caco-2 cell monolayer models. Xenobiotica 2023; 53:670-680. [PMID: 37971898 DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2023.2284249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Maintaining proper blood flow is critical to promoting good health. Nattokinase is a serine protease from Bacillus subtilis that has significant in vitro thrombolytic activity, but its mechanism as a dietary supplement to prevent thrombosis through intestinal absorption and transport is still unclear.The purpose of this study is to study the transport and internalisation mechanism of NK in the small intestine using animal models and Caco-2 cell monolayer models.This study first evaluated the preventive effect of supplementing low dose (4000 FU (Fibrin Unit)/kg, n = 6), medium dose (8000 FU/kg, n = 6), and high dose (12000 FU/kg, n = 6) of nattokinase on carrageenan induced thrombosis in mice. Subsequently, we used the rat gut sac model, ligated intestinal loop model, and Caco-2 cell uptake model to study the intestinal transport mechanism of NK.Results indicate that NK is a moderately absorbed biomolecule whose transport through enterocytes is energy- and time-dependent. Chlorpromazine, nystatin and EIPA all inhibited the endocytosis of NK to varying degrees, indicating that the endocytosis of NK in Caco-2 cells involves macropinocytosis, clathrin-mediated and caveolae-mediated pathway. These findings offer a theoretical basis for investigating the mechanism of oral NK supplementation in greater depth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huawei Feng
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaoning University, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Computational Simulation and Information Processing of Biomacromolecules of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
- Engineering Laboratory for Molecular Simulation and Designing of Drug Molecules of Liaoning, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory for Computer Simulating and Information Processing of Bio-Macromolecules of Shenyang, Shenyang, China
| | - Chang Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaoning University, Shenyang, China
| | - Qingqing Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaoning University, Shenyang, China
| | - Jie Wang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaoning University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yingyue Zeng
- Key Laboratory of Computational Simulation and Information Processing of Biomacromolecules of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
- Engineering Laboratory for Molecular Simulation and Designing of Drug Molecules of Liaoning, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory for Computer Simulating and Information Processing of Bio-Macromolecules of Shenyang, Shenyang, China
- School of Life Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang, China
| | - Yue Sun
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaoning University, Shenyang, China
| | - Man Zhang
- School of Life Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- School of Life Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang, China
| | - Zhikui Liu
- Liaoning Huikang Testing and Evaluation Technology Co., Shenyang, China
| | - Jian Zhao
- Key Laboratory for Computer Simulating and Information Processing of Bio-Macromolecules of Shenyang, Shenyang, China
- School of Life Science, Liaoning University, Shenyang, China
| | - Hongsheng Liu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Liaoning University, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory of Computational Simulation and Information Processing of Biomacromolecules of Liaoning Province, Shenyang, China
- Engineering Laboratory for Molecular Simulation and Designing of Drug Molecules of Liaoning, Shenyang, China
- Key Laboratory for Computer Simulating and Information Processing of Bio-Macromolecules of Shenyang, Shenyang, China
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Liu Y, Gao L, Chen L, Zhou W, Wang C, Ma L. Exploring carbohydrate extraction from biomass using deep eutectic solvents: Factors and mechanisms. iScience 2023; 26:107671. [PMID: 37680471 PMCID: PMC10480316 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Deep eutectic solvents (DESs) are increasingly being recognized as sustainable and promising solvents because of their unique properties: low melting point, low cost, and biocompatibility. Some DESs possess high viscosity, remarkable stability, and minimal toxicity, enhancing their appeal for diverse applications. Notably, they hold promise in biomass pretreatment, a crucial step in biomass conversion, although their potential in algal biomass carbohydrates extraction remains largely unexplored. Understanding the correlation between DESs' properties and their behavior in carbohydrate extraction, alongside cellulose degradation mechanisms, remains a gap. This review provides an overview of the use of DESs in extracting carbohydrates from lignocellulosic and algal biomass, explores the factors that influence the behavior of DESs in carbohydrate extraction, and sheds light on the mechanism of cellulose degradation by DESs. Additionally, the review discusses potential future developments and applications of DESs, particularly extracting carbohydrates from algal biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Liu
- School of Resources & Environment and Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031 P.R. China
| | - Lingling Gao
- School of Resources & Environment and Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031 P.R. China
| | - Lungang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, P.R. China
| | - Wenguang Zhou
- School of Resources & Environment and Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Environment and Resource Utilization, Ministry of Education, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330031 P.R. China
| | - Chenguang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, P.R. China
| | - Longlong Ma
- Key Laboratory of Energy Thermal Conversion and Control of Ministry of Education, School of Energy and Environment, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, P.R. China
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