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Kaurav H, Tripathi M, Kaur SD, Bansal A, Kapoor DN, Sheth S. Emerging Trends in Bilosomes as Therapeutic Drug Delivery Systems. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:697. [PMID: 38931820 PMCID: PMC11206586 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16060697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 05/21/2024] [Accepted: 05/22/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
In recent years, there has been a notable surge in the utilization of stabilized bile acid liposomes, chemical conjugates, complexes, mixed micelles, and other drug delivery systems derived from bile acids, often referred to as bilosomes. The molecular structure and interactions of these amphiphilic compounds provide a distinctive and captivating subject for investigation. The enhanced stability of new generation bilosomes inside the gastrointestinal system results in the prevention of drug degradation and an improvement in mucosal penetration. These characteristics render bilosomes to be a prospective nanocarrier for pharmaceutical administration, prompting researchers to investigate their potential in other domains. This review paper discusses bilosomes that have emerged as a viable modality in the realm of drug delivery and have significant promise for use across several domains. Moreover, this underscores the need for additional investigation and advancement in order to comprehensively comprehend the prospective uses of bilosomes and their effectiveness in the field of pharmaceutical administration. This review study explores the current scholarly attention on bilosomes as prospective carriers for drug delivery. Therapeutic areas where bilosomes have shown outstanding performance in terms of drug delivery are outlined in the graphical abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemlata Kaurav
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, P.O. Box 9, Solan 173229, Himachal Pradesh, India; (H.K.); (M.T.); (D.N.K.)
| | - Meenakshi Tripathi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, P.O. Box 9, Solan 173229, Himachal Pradesh, India; (H.K.); (M.T.); (D.N.K.)
| | - Simran Deep Kaur
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, P.O. Box 9, Solan 173229, Himachal Pradesh, India; (H.K.); (M.T.); (D.N.K.)
| | - Amit Bansal
- Formulation Research and Development, Perrigo Company plc, Allegan, MI 49010, USA;
| | - Deepak N. Kapoor
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shoolini University of Biotechnology and Management Sciences, P.O. Box 9, Solan 173229, Himachal Pradesh, India; (H.K.); (M.T.); (D.N.K.)
| | - Sandeep Sheth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Larkin University, Miami, FL 33169, USA
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Salem HF, Nafady MM, Eissa EM, Abdel-Sattar HH, Khallaf RA. Assembly of In-Situ Gel Containing Nano-Spanlastics of an Angiotensin II Inhibitor as a Novel Epitome for Hypertension Management: Factorial Design Optimization, In-vitro Gauging, Pharmacokinetics, and Pharmacodynamics Appraisal. AAPS PharmSciTech 2024; 25:115. [PMID: 38755324 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-024-02823-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/29/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024] Open
Abstract
More than 1 billion people worldwide suffer from hypertension; therefore, hypertension management has been categorized as a global health priority. Losartan potassium (LP) is an antihypertensive drug with a limited oral bioavailability of about 33% since it undergoes the initial metabolic cycle. Thus, nasal administration is a unique route to overcome first-pass metabolism. The investigation focused on the potential effects of LP-loaded spanlastic vesicles (SNVs) on LP pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetic parameters, utilizing a thin-film hydration methodology established on a 3122 full factorial design. Entrapment efficiency (EE%) ranged from 39.8 ± 3.87.8 to 83.8 ± 2.92% for LP-SNVs. Vesicle size (VS) varied from 205.5 ± 6.5.10 to 445.1 ± 13.52 nm, and the percentage of LP released after 8 h (Q8h) ranged from 30.8 ± 3.10 to 68.8 ± 1.45%. LP permeated through the nasal mucosa during 24 h and flocculated from 194.1 ± 4.90 to 435.3 ± 13.53 µg/cm2. After twenty-four hours, the optimal LP-SNVs in-situ gel showed 2.35 times more permeation through the nasal mucosa than the LP solution. It also lowered systolic blood pressure, so it is thought to be better than the reference formulation in terms of pharmacodynamics. The pharmacokinetics studies demonstrated that the intranasal LP-SNVs gel boosted its bioavailability approximately 6.36 times compared to the oral LP solution. Our research showed that intranasal LP-SNVs could be a good nanoplatform because they are well-tolerated and have possible pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba F Salem
- Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M Nafady
- Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Essam M Eissa
- Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Hend Hassan Abdel-Sattar
- Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | - Rasha A Khallaf
- Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef, Egypt.
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Almutairy BK, Khafagy ES, Aldawsari MF, Alshetaili A, Alotaibi HF, Abu Lila AS. Tailoring of Bilosomal Nanogel for Augmenting the Off-Label Use of Sildenafil Citrate in Pediatric Pulmonary Hypertension. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:19536-19547. [PMID: 38708263 PMCID: PMC11064047 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c01133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2024] [Revised: 03/09/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
Pediatric pulmonary hypertension is a serious syndrome with significant morbidity and mortality. Sildenafil is widely used off-label in pediatric patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension. In this study, bile salt-stabilized nanovesicles (bilosomes) were screened for their efficacy to enhance the transdermal delivery of the phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitor, sildenafil citrate, in an attempt to augment its therapeutic efficacy in pediatric pulmonary hypertension. A response surface methodology was implemented for fabricating and optimizing a bilosomal formulation of sildenafil (SDF-BS). The optimized SDF-BS formulation was characterized in terms of its entrapment efficiency (EE), zeta potential, vesicle size, and in vitro release profile. The optimized formula was then loaded onto hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose (HPMC) hydrogel and assessed for skin permeation, in vivo pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamic studies. The optimized SDF-BS showed the following characteristic features; EE of 88.7 ± 1.1%, vesicle size of 185.0 + 9.2 nm, zeta potential of -20.4 ± 1.1 mV, and efficiently sustained SDF release for 12 h. Skin permeation study revealed a remarkable improvement in SDF penetration from bilosomal gel compared to plain SDF gel. In addition, pharmacokinetic results revealed that encapsulating SDF within bilosomal vesicles significantly enhanced its systemic bioavailability (∼3 folds), compared to SDF oral suspension. In addition, pharmacodynamic investigation revealed that, compared to plain SDF gel or oral drug suspension, SDF-BS gel applied topically triggered a significant elevation (p < 0.05) in cGMP serum levels, underscoring the superior therapeutic efficacy of SDF-BS gel. Conclusively, bilosomes can be viewed as a promising nanocarrier for transdermal delivery of SDF that would grant higher therapeutic efficiency while alleviating the limitations encountered with SDF oral administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bjad K. Almutairy
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince
Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - El-Sayed Khafagy
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince
Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
- Department
of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
| | - Mohammed F. Aldawsari
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince
Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Alshetaili
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince
Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hadil Faris Alotaibi
- Department
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, Princess Nourah Bint AbdulRahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amr Selim Abu Lila
- Department
of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University
of Hail, Hail 81442, Saudi Arabia
- Medical
and Diagnostic Research Center, University
of Hail, Hail 81442, Saudi Arabia
- Department
of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
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Abdallah MH, Shahien MM, Alshammari A, Ibrahim S, Ahmed EH, Atia HA, Elariny HA. The Exploitation of Sodium Deoxycholate-Stabilized Nano-Vesicular Gel for Ameliorating the Antipsychotic Efficiency of Sulpiride. Gels 2024; 10:239. [PMID: 38667658 PMCID: PMC11048809 DOI: 10.3390/gels10040239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The present study explored the effectiveness of bile-salt-based nano-vesicular carriers (bilosomes) for delivering anti-psychotic medication, Sulpiride (Su), via the skin. A response surface methodology (RSM), using a 33 Box-Behnken design (BBD) in particular, was employed to develop and optimize drug-loaded bilosomal vesicles. The optimized bilosomes were assessed based on their vesicle size, entrapment efficiency (% EE), and the amount of Sulpiride released. The Sulpiride-loaded bilosomal gel was generated by incorporating the optimized Su-BLs into a hydroxypropyl methylcellulose polymer. The obtained gel was examined for its physical properties, ex vivo permeability, and in vivo pharmacokinetic performance. The optimum Su-BLs exhibited a vesicle size of 211.26 ± 10.84 nm, an encapsulation efficiency of 80.08 ± 1.88% and a drug loading capacity of 26.69 ± 0.63%. Furthermore, the use of bilosomal vesicles effectively prolonged the release of Su over a period of twelve hours. In addition, the bilosomal gel loaded with Su exhibited a three-fold increase in the rate at which Su transferred through the skin, in comparison to oral-free Sulpiride. The relative bioavailability of Su-BL gel was almost four times as high as that of the plain Su suspension and approximately two times as high as that of the Su gel. Overall, bilosomes could potentially serve as an effective technique for delivering drugs through the skin, specifically enhancing the anti-psychotic effects of Sulpiride by increasing its ability to penetrate the skin and its systemic bioavailability, with few adverse effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa H. Abdallah
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 81442, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Mona M. Shahien
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 81442, Saudi Arabia; (M.M.S.); (S.I.)
| | - Alia Alshammari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 81442, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Somaia Ibrahim
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 81442, Saudi Arabia; (M.M.S.); (S.I.)
| | - Enas Haridy Ahmed
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 81442, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo 11566, Egypt
| | - Hanan Abdelmawgoud Atia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 81442, Saudi Arabia; (H.A.A.); (H.A.E.)
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11651, Egypt
| | - Hemat A. Elariny
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Ha’il, Ha’il 81442, Saudi Arabia; (H.A.A.); (H.A.E.)
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11651, Egypt
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Sideek SA, El-Nassan HB, Fares AR, Elkasabgy NA, ElMeshad AN. Cross-Linked Alginate Dialdehyde/Chitosan Hydrogel Encompassing Curcumin-Loaded Bilosomes for Enhanced Wound Healing Activity. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:90. [PMID: 38258101 PMCID: PMC10819348 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16010090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The current study aimed to fabricate curcumin-loaded bilosomal hydrogel for topical wound healing purposes, hence alleviating the poor aqueous solubility and low oral bioavailability of curcumin. Bilosomes were fabricated via the thin film hydration technique using cholesterol, Span® 60, and two different types of bile salts (sodium deoxycholate or sodium cholate). Bilosomes were verified for their particle size (PS), polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential (ZP), entrapment efficiency (EE%), and in vitro drug release besides their morphological features. The optimum formulation was composed of cholesterol/Span® 60 (molar ratio 1:10 w/w) and 5 mg of sodium deoxycholate. This optimum formulation was composed of a PS of 246.25 ± 11.85 nm, PDI of 0.339 ± 0.030, ZP of -36.75 ± 0.14 mv, EE% of 93.32% ± 0.40, and the highest percent of drug released over three days (96.23% ± 0.02). The optimum bilosomal formulation was loaded into alginate dialdehyde/chitosan hydrogel cross-linked with calcium chloride. The loaded hydrogel was tested for its water uptake capacity, in vitro drug release, and in vivo studies on male Albino rats. The results showed that the loaded hydrogel possessed a high-water uptake percent at the four-week time point (729.50% ± 43.13) before it started to disintegrate gradually; in addition, it showed sustained drug release for five days (≈100%). In vivo animal testing and histopathological studies supported the superiority of the curcumin-loaded bilosomal hydrogel in wound healing compared to the curcumin dispersion and plain hydrogel, where there was a complete wound closure attained after the three-week period with a proper healing mechanism. Finally, it was concluded that curcumin-loaded bilosomal hydrogel offered a robust, efficient, and user-friendly dosage form for wound healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah A. Sideek
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt; (S.A.S.); (A.R.F.)
| | - Hala B. El-Nassan
- Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt;
| | - Ahmed R. Fares
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt; (S.A.S.); (A.R.F.)
| | - Nermeen A. Elkasabgy
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt; (S.A.S.); (A.R.F.)
| | - Aliaa N. ElMeshad
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt; (S.A.S.); (A.R.F.)
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy and Drug Technology, The Egyptian Chinese University, Cairo 11786, Egypt
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Xu Y, Zhao M, Cao J, Fang T, Zhang J, Zhen Y, Wu F, Yu X, Liu Y, Li J, Wang D. Applications and recent advances in transdermal drug delivery systems for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis. Acta Pharm Sin B 2023; 13:4417-4441. [PMID: 37969725 PMCID: PMC10638506 DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2023.05.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic, systemic autoimmune disease predominantly based on joint lesions with an extremely high disability and deformity rate. Several drugs have been used for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, but their use is limited by suboptimal bioavailability, serious adverse effects, and nonnegligible first-pass effects. In contrast, transdermal drug delivery systems (TDDSs) can avoid these drawbacks and improve patient compliance, making them a promising option for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Of course, TDDSs also face unique challenges, as the physiological barrier of the skin makes drug delivery somewhat limited. To overcome this barrier and maximize drug delivery efficiency, TDDSs have evolved in terms of the principle of transdermal facilitation and transdermal facilitation technology, and different generations of TDDSs have been derived, which have significantly improved transdermal efficiency and even achieved individualized controlled drug delivery. In this review, we summarize the different generations of transdermal drug delivery systems, the corresponding transdermal strategies, and their applications in the treatment of RA.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jinxue Cao
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Ting Fang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yanli Zhen
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Fangling Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xiaohui Yu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yaming Liu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Ji Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Dongkai Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
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Abou Assi R, Abdulbaqi IM, Tan SM, Wahab HA, Darwis Y, Chan SY. Breaking barriers: bilosomes gel potentials to pave the way for transdermal breast cancer treatment with Tamoxifen. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2023:1-12. [PMID: 37722711 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2023.2256404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 09/20/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Breast cancer affects women globally, regardless of age or location. On the other hand, Tamoxifen (TXN), a class II biopharmaceutical drug is acting as a prophylactic/treating agent for women at risk of and/or with hormone receptor-positive breast cancer. However, its oral administration has life-threatening side effects, which have led researchers to investigate alternative delivery methods. One such method is transdermal drug delivery utilizing bile salts as penetration enhancers, aka Bilosomes. METHODS Bilosomes formulations were optimized statistically for the outcome of vesicle shape, size, and entrapment efficiency using two types of bile, i.e. sodium taurocholate and sodium cholate. These bilosomes were then loaded into HPMC base gel and further characterized for their morphology, drug content, pH, viscosity, spreadability and eventually ex-vivo skin penetration and deposition studies. RESULTS Findings showed that sodium cholate has superiority as a penetration enhancer over sodium taurocholate in terms of morphological characterizes, zeta potential, and cumulative amounts of tamoxifen permeated per unit area (15.13 ± 0.71 μg/cm2 and 6.51 ± 0.6 μg/cm2 respectively). In fact, bilosomes designed with sodium cholate provided around 9 folds of skin deposition compared to TXN non-bilosomal gel. CONCLUSION Bilosomes gels could be a promising option for locally delivering tamoxifen to the breast through the skin, offering an encouraging transdermal solution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reem Abou Assi
- Thoughts Formulation Lab, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
- EDEN Research Group, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Technology, College of Pharmacy, Al-Kitab University, Kirkuk, Iraq
| | - Ibrahim M Abdulbaqi
- Thoughts Formulation Lab, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
- PractSol Research Group, College of Pharmacy, Al-Kitab University, Kirkuk, Iraq
- Pharmaceutical Design and Simulation (PhDS) Lab, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University Sains Malaysia, Minden, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Siew Mei Tan
- Thoughts Formulation Lab, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Habibah A Wahab
- Pharmaceutical Design and Simulation (PhDS) Lab, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University Sains Malaysia, Minden, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Yusrida Darwis
- Thoughts Formulation Lab, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
| | - Siok-Yee Chan
- Thoughts Formulation Lab, Discipline of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia
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Silva SS, Rodrigues LC, Fernandes EM, Soares da Costa D, Villalva DG, Loh W, Reis RL. Chitosan/Virgin-Coconut-Oil-Based System Enriched with Cubosomes: A 3D Drug-Delivery Approach. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:394. [PMID: 37504925 PMCID: PMC10381190 DOI: 10.3390/md21070394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Emulsion-based systems that combine natural polymers with vegetable oils have been identified as a promising research avenue for developing structures with potential for biomedical applications. Herein, chitosan (CHT), a natural polymer, and virgin coconut oil (VCO), a resource obtained from coconut kernels, were combined to create an emulsion system. Phytantriol-based cubosomes encapsulating sodium diclofenac, an anti-inflammatory drug, were further dispersed into CHT/VCO- based emulsion. Then, the emulsions were frozen and freeze-dried to produce scaffolds. The scaffolds had a porous structure ranging from 20.4 to 73.4 µm, a high swelling ability (up to 900%) in PBS, and adequate stiffness, notably in the presence of cubosomes. Moreover, a well-sustained release of the entrapped diclofenac in the cubosomes into the CHT/VCO-based system, with an accumulated release of 45 ± 2%, was confirmed in PBS, compared to free diclofenac dispersed (80 ± 4%) into CHT/VCO-based structures. Overall, the present approach opens up new avenues for designing porous biomaterials for drug delivery through a sustainable pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simone S Silva
- 3B's Research Group-Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4806-909 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Luísa C Rodrigues
- 3B's Research Group-Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4806-909 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Emanuel M Fernandes
- 3B's Research Group-Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4806-909 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Diana Soares da Costa
- 3B's Research Group-Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4806-909 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Denise G Villalva
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Watson Loh
- Institute of Chemistry, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-970, Brazil
| | - Rui L Reis
- 3B's Research Group-Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, Headquarters of the European Institute of Excellence on Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, AvePark, Zona Industrial da Gandra, 4805-017 Guimarães, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's-PT Government Associate Laboratory, 4806-909 Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
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Aodah AH, Hashmi S, Akhtar N, Ullah Z, Zafar A, Zaki RM, Khan S, Ansari MJ, Jawaid T, Alam A, Ali MS. Formulation Development, Optimization by Box-Behnken Design, and In Vitro and Ex Vivo Characterization of Hexatriacontane-Loaded Transethosomal Gel for Antimicrobial Treatment for Skin Infections. Gels 2023; 9:gels9040322. [PMID: 37102934 PMCID: PMC10137727 DOI: 10.3390/gels9040322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023] Open
Abstract
There are many different infections and factors that can lead to skin illnesses, but bacteria and fungi are the most frequent. The goal of this study was to develop a hexatriacontane-loaded transethosome (HTC-TES) for treating skin conditions caused by microbes. The HTC-TES was developed utilizing the rotary evaporator technique, and Box-Behnken design (BBD) was utilized to improve it. The responses chosen were particle size (nm) (Y1), polydispersity index (PDI) (Y2), and entrapment efficiency (Y3), while the independent variables chosen were lipoid (mg) (A), ethanol (%) (B), and sodium cholate (mg) (C). The optimized TES formulation with code F1, which contains lipoid (mg) (A) 90, ethanol (%) (B) 25, and sodium cholate (mg) (C) 10, was chosen. Furthermore, the generated HTC-TES was used for research on confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM), dermatokinetics, and in vitro HTC release. The results of the study reveal that the ideal formulation of the HTC-loaded TES had the following characteristics: 183.9 nm, 0.262 mV, -26.61 mV, and 87.79% particle size, PDI, and entrapment efficiency, respectively. An in vitro study on HTC release found that the rates of HTC release for HTC-TES and conventional HTC suspension were 74.67 ± 0.22 and 38.75 ± 0.23, respectively. The release of hexatriacontane from TES fit the Higuchi model the best, and the Korsmeyer-Peppas model indicates the release of HTC followed a non-Fickian diffusion. By having a higher negative value for cohesiveness, the produced gel formulation demonstrated its stiffness, whereas good spreadability indicated better gel application to the surface. In a dermatokinetics study, it was discovered that TES gel considerably increased HTC transport in the epidermal layers (p < 0.05) when compared to HTC conventional formulation gel (HTC-CFG). The CLSM of rat skin treated with the rhodamine B-loaded TES formulation demonstrated a deeper penetration of 30.0 µm in comparison to the hydroalcoholic rhodamine B solution (0.15 µm). The HTC-loaded transethosome was determined to be an effective inhibitor of pathogenic bacterial growth (S. aureus and E. coli) at a concentration of 10 mg/mL. It was discovered that both pathogenic strains were susceptible to free HTC. According to the findings, HTC-TES gel can be employed to enhance therapeutic outcomes through antimicrobial activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alhussain H Aodah
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sana Hashmi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Unaizah College of Pharmacy, Qassim University, Unaizah 51911, Saudi Arabia
| | - Naseem Akhtar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Dentistry and Pharmacy, Buraydah Private Colleges, Buraydah 51418, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zabih Ullah
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Dentistry and Pharmacy, Buraydah Private Colleges, Buraydah 51418, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ameeduzzafar Zafar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia
| | - Randa Mohammed Zaki
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62514, Egypt
| | - Shamshir Khan
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Dentistry and Pharmacy, Buraydah Private Colleges, Buraydah 51418, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Javed Ansari
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Talha Jawaid
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 13317, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aftab Alam
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Md Sajid Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
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10
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AbuBakr AH, Hassan HAFM, Abdalla A, Khowessah OM, Abdelbary GA. Therapeutic potential of cationic bilosomes in the treatment of carrageenan-induced rat arthritis via fluticasone propionate gel. Int J Pharm 2023; 635:122776. [PMID: 36841370 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.122776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2023] [Revised: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023]
Abstract
Arthritis is a debilitating disease that affects the patient's mobility and quality of life. This study focused on the development and optimization of a cationic nanosized bilosomal formula for the efficient transdermal treatment of arthritis. An optimum Fluticasone Propionate-loaded bilosomes (OFP) was developed using the Draper-Lin small composite design based on the optimization of 4 factors and evaluation of entrapment efficiency (Y1), vesicle size (Y2), skin flux (Y3), and skin accumulation (Y4). The OFP was characterized against the drug suspension, loaded into a Carbopol gel, and a histopathological assessment was conducted on a carrageenan-induced rat joint arthritis in comparison with cultivate® cream and traditional gel. Interluekin-1β and TNF-α levels were also measured. The optimal formula was formulated using 2.99% phospholipon90G, 0.04% sodium deoxycholate, and 0.29% stearylamine, and showed 84.72%, 268.13 nm, 5.89 µg/cm2/h, and 16.21 µg/cm2 /24 h for Y1, Y2, Y3, and Y4, respectively. The thermal analysis of OFP demonstrated a single broad endothermic peak for bilosomes with no detectable peak for the amorphous drug. TEM images revealed the spherical structures of the nanosized OFP, while CLSM demonstrated enhanced permeation efficiency over the drug suspension. The in-vivo study further proved the promising efficacy of the optimum OFP, where a complete recovery of the normal histological structure of a rat joint and normal levels of the inflammatory markers were observed within 20 days following once daily application of the optimum bilosomal gel. Therefore, OFP represents a competent nanocarrier for efficient transdermal management of joint arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdel-Hameed AbuBakr
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Po.Box 11829, Badr City, Cairo, Egypt.
| | - Hatem A F M Hassan
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, 11562 Cairo, Egypt; School of Life and Medical Sciences, University of Hertfordshire Hosted by Global Academic Foundation, New Administrative Capital, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Abdalla
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Po.Box 11829, Badr City, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Omneya M Khowessah
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, 11562 Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ghada A Abdelbary
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, 11562 Cairo, Egypt
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11
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Imam SS, Gilani SJ, Zafar A, Jumah MNB, Alshehri S. Formulation of Miconazole-Loaded Chitosan-Carbopol Vesicular Gel: Optimization to In Vitro Characterization, Irritation, and Antifungal Assessment. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020581. [PMID: 36839903 PMCID: PMC9959533 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020581] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 01/16/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Miconazole nitrate (MN) is a poorly water-soluble and antifungal drug used for fungal infections. The present research work was designed to develop topical MN-loaded bilosomes (BSs) for the improvement of therapeutic efficacy. MZBSs were prepared by using the thin-film hydration method and further optimized by using the Box-Behnken statistical design (BBD). The optimized miconazole bilosome (MZBSo) showed nano-sized vesicles, a low polydispersity index, a high entrapment efficiency, and zeta potential. Further, MZBSo was incorporated into the gel using carbopol 934P and chitosan polymers. The selected miconazole bilosome gel (MZBSoG2) demonstrated an acceptable pH (6.4 ± 0.1), viscosity (1856 ± 21 cP), and spreadability (6.6 ± 0.2 cm2). Compared to MZBSo (86.76 ± 3.7%), MZBSoG2 showed a significantly (p < 0.05) slower drug release (58.54 ± 4.1%). MZBSoG2 was found to be a non-irritant because it achieved a score of zero (standard score) in the HET-CAM test. It also exhibited significant antifungal activity compared to pure MZ against Candida albicans and Aspergillus niger. The stability study results showed no significant changes after stability testing under accelerated conditions. MZ-loaded gels could serve as effective alternative carriers for improving therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Sarim Imam
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sadaf Jamal Gilani
- Department of Basic Health Sciences, Foundation Year of Health Colleges, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (S.J.G.); (A.Z.)
| | - Ameeduzzafar Zafar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, Sakaka 72341, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (S.J.G.); (A.Z.)
| | - May Nasser Bin Jumah
- Biology Department, College of Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
- Environment and Biomaterial Unit, Health Sciences Research Center, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
- Saudi Society for Applied Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sultan Alshehri
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
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12
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Khafagy ES, Almutairy BK, Abu Lila AS. Tailoring of Novel Bile Salt Stabilized Vesicles for Enhanced Transdermal Delivery of Simvastatin: A New Therapeutic Approach against Inflammation. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15030677. [PMID: 36771977 PMCID: PMC9921379 DOI: 10.3390/polym15030677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Simvastatin (SMV), a cholesterol-lowering agent, has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. Nevertheless, the oral use of SMV is linked with poor systemic bioavailability owing to its limited aqueous solubility and extensive first-pass metabolism. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of transdermal delivery of SMV using bile salt stabilized vesicles (bilosomes) for enhancing the anti-inflammatory potential of SMV. SMV-loaded bilosomes (SMV-BS) were prepared by the thin film hydration technique and optimized by 33 Box-Behnken design. The fabricated SMV-BS were assessed for vesicle size, entrapment efficiency (% EE) and cumulative drug release. The optimized formula was incorporated into HPMC gel and investigated for physical properties, ex vivo permeation, in vivo pharmacokinetic study and anti-inflammatory potential in inflamed paw edema rat model. The optimized SMV-BS showed vesicle size of 172.1 ± 8.1 nm and % EE of 89.2 ± 1.8%. In addition, encapsulating SMV within bilosomal vesicles remarkably sustained drug release over 12 h, compared to plain drug suspension. Furthermore, SMV-loaded bilosomal gel showed a three-fold enhancement in SMV transdermal flux, compared to plain drug suspension. Most importantly, the relative bioavailability of SMV-BS gel was ~2-fold and ~3-fold higher than those of oral SMV suspension and SMV gel, respectively. In carrageenan-induced paw edema model, SMV-BS gel induced a potent anti-inflammatory effect, as evidenced by a remarkable reduction in paw edema, which was comparable to that of the standard anti-inflammatory drug, indomethacin. Collectively, bilosomes might represent a plausible transdermal drug delivery system that could enhance the anti-inflammatory activity of SMV by boosting its skin permeation and its systemic bioavailability.
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Affiliation(s)
- El-Sayed Khafagy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-533-564-286
| | - Bjad K. Almutairy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amr Selim Abu Lila
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Hail, Hail 81442, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
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