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Avdović EH, Milanović Ž, Simijonović D, Antonijević M, Milutinović M, Nikodijević D, Filipović N, Marković Z, Vojinović R. An Effective, Green Synthesis Procedure for Obtaining Coumarin-Hydroxybenzohydrazide Derivatives and Assessment of Their Antioxidant Activity and Redox Status. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:2070. [PMID: 38136190 PMCID: PMC10740980 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12122070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, green synthesis of two derivatives of coumarin-hydroxybenzohydrazide, (E)-2,4-dioxo-3-(1-(2-(2,3,4-trihydroxybenzoyl)hydrazyl)ethylidene)-chroman-7-yl acetate (C-HB1), and (E)-2,4-dioxo-3-(1-(2-(3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoyl)hydrazyl)ethylidene)chroman-7-yl acetate (C-HB2) is reported. Using vinegar and ethanol as a catalyst and solvent, the reactions were carried out between 3-acetyl-4-hydroxy-coumarin acetate and corresponding trihydroxybenzoyl hydrazide. The antioxidant potential of these compounds was investigated using the DPPH and ABTS assays, as well as the FRAP test. The obtained results reveal that even at very low concentrations, these compounds show excellent radical scavenging potential. The IC50 values for C-HB1 and C-HB2 in relation to the DPPH radical are 6.4 and 2.5 μM, respectively, while they are 4.5 and 2.0 μM in relation to the ABTS radical. These compounds have antioxidant activity that is comparable to well-known antioxidants such as gallic acid, NDGA, and trolox. These results are in good correlation with theoretical parameters describing these reactions. Moreover, it was found that inhibition of DPPH● follows HAT, while inactivation of ABTS+● follows SET-PT and HAT mechanisms. Additionally, coumarin-hydroxybenzohydrazide derivatives induced moderate cytotoxic activity and show significant potential to modulate redox status in HCT-116 colorectal cancer cells. The cytotoxicity was achieved via their prooxidative activity and ability to induce oxidative stress in cancer cells by increasing O2˙- concentrations, indicated by increased MDA and GSH levels. Thus, ROS manipulation can be a potential target for cancer therapies by coumarins, as cancer cells possess an altered redox balance in comparison to normal cells. According to the ADMET analysis, the compounds investigated show good pharmacokinetic and toxicological profiles similar to vitamin C and gallic acid, which makes them good candidates for application in various fields of industry and medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edina H. Avdović
- Department of Science, Institute for Information Technologies, University of Kragujevac, Jovana Cvijića bb, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (Ž.M.); (D.S.); (M.A.); (Z.M.)
| | - Žiko Milanović
- Department of Science, Institute for Information Technologies, University of Kragujevac, Jovana Cvijića bb, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (Ž.M.); (D.S.); (M.A.); (Z.M.)
| | - Dušica Simijonović
- Department of Science, Institute for Information Technologies, University of Kragujevac, Jovana Cvijića bb, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (Ž.M.); (D.S.); (M.A.); (Z.M.)
| | - Marko Antonijević
- Department of Science, Institute for Information Technologies, University of Kragujevac, Jovana Cvijića bb, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (Ž.M.); (D.S.); (M.A.); (Z.M.)
| | - Milena Milutinović
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, Radoja Domanovića 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (M.M.); (D.N.)
| | - Danijela Nikodijević
- Department of Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science, University of Kragujevac, Radoja Domanovića 12, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (M.M.); (D.N.)
| | - Nenad Filipović
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Kragujevac, Sestre Janjic 6, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Zoran Marković
- Department of Science, Institute for Information Technologies, University of Kragujevac, Jovana Cvijića bb, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (Ž.M.); (D.S.); (M.A.); (Z.M.)
- Department of Natural Science and Mathematics, State University of Novi Pazar, 36300 Novi Pazar, Serbia
| | - Radiša Vojinović
- Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovića 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia;
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Vasić J, Dimić D, Antonijević M, Avdović EH, Milenković D, Nakarada Đ, Dimitrić Marković J, Molnar M, Lončarić M, Bešlo D, Marković Z. The Electronic Effects of 3-Methoxycarbonylcoumarin Substituents on Spectral, Antioxidant, and Protein Binding Properties. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11820. [PMID: 37511579 PMCID: PMC10380446 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241411820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Coumarin derivatives are a class of compounds with pronounced biological activities that depend primarily on the present substituents. Four 3-methoxycarbonylcoumarin derivatives with substituents of different electron-donating/electron-withdrawing abilities (Br, NO2, OH, and OMe) were investigated structurally by NMR, IR, and UV-VIS spectroscopies and density functional theory methods. The appropriate level of theory (B3LYP-D3BJ/6-311++G(d,p) was selected after comparing similar compounds' experimental and theoretical structural parameters. The natural bond orbital and quantum theory of atoms in molecules were employed to investigate the intramolecular interactions governing stability. The electronic effects of substituents mostly affected the aromatic ring that the substituents are directly attached to. The antioxidant properties were investigated by electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy towards HO•, and the percentages of reduction were between 13% (6-Br) and 23% (6-OMe). The protein binding properties towards transport proteins were assessed by spectrofluorimetry, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics (MD). The experimentally determined binding energies were well reproduced by molecular docking, showing that the spontaneity of ibuprofen binding was comparable to the investigated compounds. The flexibility of HSA in MD simulations depended on the substituents. These results proved the importance of electronic effects for the protein binding affinities and antioxidant properties of coumarin derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Vasić
- Faculty of Physical Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Dušan Dimić
- Faculty of Physical Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marko Antonijević
- Institute for Information Technologies Kragujevac, University of Kragujevac, Jovana Cvijica bb, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Edina H Avdović
- Institute for Information Technologies Kragujevac, University of Kragujevac, Jovana Cvijica bb, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Dejan Milenković
- Institute for Information Technologies Kragujevac, University of Kragujevac, Jovana Cvijica bb, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Đura Nakarada
- Faculty of Physical Chemistry, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 12-16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | | | - Maja Molnar
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Ecology, Faculty of Food Technology Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Franje Kuhača 18, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Melita Lončarić
- Department of Applied Chemistry and Ecology, Faculty of Food Technology Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Franje Kuhača 18, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Drago Bešlo
- Department of Agroecology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Agrobiotechnical Sciences Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Vladimir Prelog 1, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Zoran Marković
- Institute for Information Technologies Kragujevac, University of Kragujevac, Jovana Cvijica bb, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
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