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Cysewski P, Jeliński T, Przybyłek M. Experimental and Theoretical Insights into the Intermolecular Interactions in Saturated Systems of Dapsone in Conventional and Deep Eutectic Solvents. Molecules 2024; 29:1743. [PMID: 38675562 PMCID: PMC11051893 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29081743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Solubility is not only a crucial physicochemical property for laboratory practice but also provides valuable insight into the mechanism of saturated system organization, as a measure of the interplay between various intermolecular interactions. The importance of these data cannot be overstated, particularly when dealing with active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs), such as dapsone. It is a commonly used anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial agent. However, its low solubility hampers its efficient applications. In this project, deep eutectic solvents (DESs) were used as solubilizing agents for dapsone as an alternative to traditional solvents. DESs were composed of choline chloride and one of six polyols. Additionally, water-DES mixtures were studied as a type of ternary solvents. The solubility of dapsone in these systems was determined spectrophotometrically. This study also analyzed the intermolecular interactions, not only in the studied eutectic systems, but also in a wide range of systems found in the literature, determined using the COSMO-RS framework. The intermolecular interactions were quantified as affinity values, which correspond to the Gibbs free energy of pair formation of dapsone molecules with constituents of regular solvents and choline chloride-based deep eutectic solvents. The patterns of solute-solute, solute-solvent, and solvent-solvent interactions that affect solubility were recognized using Orange data mining software (version 3.36.2). Finally, the computed affinity values were used to provide useful descriptors for machine learning purposes. The impact of intermolecular interactions on dapsone solubility in neat solvents, binary organic solvent mixtures, and deep eutectic solvents was analyzed and highlighted, underscoring the crucial role of dapsone self-association and providing valuable insights into complex solubility phenomena. Also the importance of solvent-solvent diversity was highlighted as a factor determining dapsone solubility. The Non-Linear Support Vector Regression (NuSVR) model, in conjunction with unique molecular descriptors, revealed exceptional predictive accuracy. Overall, this study underscores the potency of computed molecular characteristics and machine learning models in unraveling complex molecular interactions, thereby advancing our understanding of solubility phenomena within the scientific community.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Cysewski
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Pharmacy Faculty, Collegium Medicum of Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Kurpińskiego 5, 85-096 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (T.J.); (M.P.)
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2
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Pfarr KM, Krome AK, Al-Obaidi I, Batchelor H, Vaillant M, Hoerauf A, Opoku NO, Kuesel AC. The pipeline for drugs for control and elimination of neglected tropical diseases: 2. Oral anti-infective drugs and drug combinations for off-label use. Parasit Vectors 2023; 16:394. [PMID: 37907954 PMCID: PMC10619278 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-023-05909-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/31/2023] [Indexed: 11/02/2023] Open
Abstract
In its 'Road map for neglected tropical diseases 2021-2030', the World Health Organization outlined its targets for control and elimination of neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) and research needed to achieve them. For many NTDs, this includes research for new treatment options for case management and/or preventive chemotherapy. Our review of small-molecule anti-infective drugs recently approved by a stringent regulatory authority (SRA) or in at least Phase 2 clinical development for regulatory approval showed that this pipeline cannot deliver all new treatments needed. WHO guidelines and country policies show that drugs may be recommended for control and elimination for NTDs for which they are not SRA approved (i.e. for 'off-label' use) if efficacy and safety data for the relevant NTD are considered sufficient by WHO and country authorities. Here, we are providing an overview of clinical research in the past 10 years evaluating the anti-infective efficacy of oral small-molecule drugs for NTD(s) for which they are neither SRA approved, nor included in current WHO strategies nor, considering the research sponsors, likely to be registered with a SRA for that NTD, if found to be effective and safe. No such research has been done for yaws, guinea worm, Trypanosoma brucei gambiense human African trypanosomiasis (HAT), rabies, trachoma, visceral leishmaniasis, mycetoma, T. b. rhodesiense HAT, echinococcosis, taeniasis/cysticercosis or scabies. Oral drugs evaluated include sparfloxacin and acedapsone for leprosy; rifampicin, rifapentin and moxifloxacin for onchocerciasis; imatinib and levamisole for loiasis; itraconazole, fluconazole, ketoconazole, posaconazole, ravuconazole and disulfiram for Chagas disease, doxycycline and rifampicin for lymphatic filariasis; arterolane, piperaquine, artesunate, artemether, lumefantrine and mefloquine for schistosomiasis; ivermectin, tribendimidine, pyrantel, oxantel and nitazoxanide for soil-transmitted helminths including strongyloidiasis; chloroquine, ivermectin, balapiravir, ribavirin, celgosivir, UV-4B, ivermectin and doxycycline for dengue; streptomycin, amoxicillin, clavulanate for Buruli ulcer; fluconazole and isavuconazonium for mycoses; clarithromycin and dapsone for cutaneous leishmaniasis; and tribendimidine, albendazole, mebendazole and nitazoxanide for foodborne trematodiasis. Additional paths to identification of new treatment options are needed. One promising path is exploitation of the worldwide experience with 'off-label' treatment of diseases with insufficient treatment options as pursued by the 'CURE ID' initiative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kenneth M Pfarr
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Bonn, Germany
| | - Anna K Krome
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Bonn, Germany
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Issraa Al-Obaidi
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Hannah Batchelor
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Michel Vaillant
- Competence Center for Methodology and Statistics, Luxembourg Institute of Health, Strassen, Grand Duchy of Luxembourg
| | - Achim Hoerauf
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, University Hospital Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Bonn-Cologne, Bonn, Germany
| | - Nicholas O Opoku
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public Health, University of Health and Allied Sciences, Hohoe, Ghana
| | - Annette C Kuesel
- UNICEF/UNDP/World Bank/WHO Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases (WHO/TDR), World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
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Cysewski P, Przybyłek M, Jeliński T. Intermolecular Interactions as a Measure of Dapsone Solubility in Neat Solvents and Binary Solvent Mixtures. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:6336. [PMID: 37763610 PMCID: PMC10532775 DOI: 10.3390/ma16186336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Dapsone is an effective antibacterial drug used to treat a variety of conditions. However, the aqueous solubility of this drug is limited, as is its permeability. This study expands the available solubility data pool for dapsone by measuring its solubility in several pure organic solvents: N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (CAS: 872-50-4), dimethyl sulfoxide (CAS: 67-68-5), 4-formylmorpholine (CAS: 4394-85-8), tetraethylene pentamine (CAS: 112-57-2), and diethylene glycol bis(3-aminopropyl) ether (CAS: 4246-51-9). Furthermore, the study proposes the use of intermolecular interactions as molecular descriptors to predict the solubility of dapsone in neat solvents and binary mixtures using machine learning models. An ensemble of regressors was used, including support vector machines, random forests, gradient boosting, and neural networks. Affinities of dapsone to solvent molecules were calculated using COSMO-RS and used as input for model training. Due to the polymorphic nature of dapsone, fusion data are not available, which prohibits the direct use of COSMO-RS for solubility calculations. Therefore, a consonance solvent approach was tested, which allows an indirect estimation of the fusion properties. Unfortunately, the resulting accuracy is unsatisfactory. In contrast, the developed regressors showed high predictive potential. This work documents that intermolecular interactions characterized by solute-solvent contacts can be considered valuable molecular descriptors for solubility modeling and that the wealth of encoded information is sufficient for solubility predictions for new systems, including those for which experimental measurements of thermodynamic properties are unavailable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Piotr Cysewski
- Department of Physical Chemistry, Pharmacy Faculty, Collegium Medicum of Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, Kurpińskiego 5, 85-096 Bydgoszcz, Poland; (M.P.); (T.J.)
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Henriquez-Figuereo A, Moreno E, Sanmartin C, Plano D. Exploring Novel Drug Combinations: The Therapeutic Potential of Selanyl Derivatives for Leishmania Treatment. Molecules 2023; 28:5845. [PMID: 37570815 PMCID: PMC10420963 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28155845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
This work describes the design, synthesis, and biological activities of new selenoester derivatives and its homologs thioesters. Thirty-two compounds were developed following an economical synthetic route, achieving small molecules, with structural characteristics similar to those present in antileishmanial drugs such as miltefosine (MIL) and paromomycin (PMN). These compounds were tested in vitro against strains of Leishmania major (L. major) and Leishmania infantum (L. infantum). The L. infantum strain (causative agent of visceral leishmaniasis) exhibited the highest sensitivity. Thus, four selanylacetic acid derivatives (A4, A5, A6 and A8) presented IC50 values below 40 µM in this strain. These derivatives also demonstrated low toxicity and high selectivity in PMA-differentiated THP-1 macrophages. The A4-A6 and A8 derivatives were evaluated in order to determine their pharmacological behavior, using drug combination studies with the reference drugs amphotericin B (AMB), MIL and PMN. Compounds A6 and A8 presented a potent synergistic interaction with MIL, which is the only oral drug available for the treatment of visceral leishmaniasis. Therefore, compounds A6 and A8 present significant potential as therapeutic candidates for the treatment of leishmaniasis based on their remarkable leishmanicidal characteristics and pharmacological synergism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreina Henriquez-Figuereo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (A.H.-F.); (E.M.)
- Institute of Tropical Health (ISTUN), University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Esther Moreno
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (A.H.-F.); (E.M.)
- Institute of Tropical Health (ISTUN), University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdisNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Carmen Sanmartin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (A.H.-F.); (E.M.)
- Institute of Tropical Health (ISTUN), University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdisNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Daniel Plano
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain; (A.H.-F.); (E.M.)
- Institute of Tropical Health (ISTUN), University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain
- Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdisNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain
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Tanveer N, Khan HMS, Akhtar N. Whitening effect of kojic acid dipalmitate loaded nanosized ethosomal gel for the treatment of hyperpigmentation: In vitro and in vivo characterization. J Cosmet Dermatol 2022; 21:6850-6862. [PMID: 36156360 DOI: 10.1111/jocd.15408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In recent years, the demands of depigmenting agents in cosmetics have been increased to treat skin conditions such as hyperpigmentation and melasma. Tyrosinase is a major enzyme involve in hyperpigmentation. Kojic acid dipalimate (KAD) is an ester derivative of kojic acid and exhibit excellent tyrosinase inhibiting activity on human skin. OBJECTIVE To develop and characterize a novel topical delivery system for KAD by using ethosomes and their in vitro, in vivo characterization for the treatment of hyperpigmentation. METHODS Different KAD loaded ethosomal suspensions were prepared using soy phosphatidylcholine, ethanol, propylene glycol, and water with cold method. These formulations were evaluated for size, zeta potential, Polydispersity index, entrapment efficiency, FTIR spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Afterward, the stability of optimized gel was checked and the in vivo studies were carried out in order to evaluate the skin benefits. RESULTS The optimized formulation has zeta potential, size, and entrapment efficiency of -23.4 mV, 148 nm, and 90.0008%, respectively. SEM results showed vesicles were spherical in shape. Ethosomal gel had a good stability at lower temperature (8, 25°C). In addition, ethosomal gel gives significant decrease in skin melanin, erythema, and sebum level while it causes improvement in skin hydration level and elasticity during non-invasive in vivo studies. CONCLUSION The overall findings indicated that the prepared KAD loaded ethosomal formulation was stable and provides deep penetration of KAD into the skin. It offers a promising therapeutic approach for use in skin hyperpigmentation as it has skin whitening and moisturizing effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nishma Tanveer
- Department of Pharmaceutics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan
| | | | - Naveed Akhtar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Punjab, Pakistan
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Paredes da Rocha N, de Souza A, Nishitani Yukuyama M, Lopes Barreto T, de O Macedo L, Löbenberg R, Lima Barros de Araújo G, Ishida K, Araci Bou-Chacra N. Highly water-soluble dapsone nanocrystals: Towards innovative preparations for an undermined drug. Int J Pharm 2022; 630:122428. [PMID: 36436741 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2022] [Revised: 11/18/2022] [Accepted: 11/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Dapsone (DAP)is a dual-function drug substance; however, its limited water solubility may impair its bioavailability. Drug nanocrystals are an alternative to overcome this limitation. Herein, a DAP nanosuspension was prepared using adesign space approach aiming to investigate the influence of raw material properties and process parameters on the critical quality attributes of the drugnanocrystals. Optimized nanocrystals with 206.3 ± 6.7 nm using povacoat™ as stabilizer were made. The nanoparticles were characterized by dynamic light scattering, laser diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray powder diffraction, and saturation solubility. Compared to the raw material, the nanocrystals were 250-times smaller. Meanwhile, its crystalline state remained basically unchanged even after milling and drying. The nanosuspension successfully maintained its physical stability inlong-termandaccelerated stability studiesover, 4 and 3 months. Furthermore, toxicity studiesshowed low a toxicity at a20 mg/kg. As expected for nanocrystals, the size reduction improvedsaturation solubility3.78 times in water. An attempt to scale up from lab to pilot scale resulted nanocrystals of potential commercial quality. In conclusion, the present study describes the development of dapsone nanocrystals for treating infectious and inflammatory diseases. The nanocrystal formuation can be scaled up for commercial use.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Aline de Souza
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Luiza de O Macedo
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Raimar Löbenberg
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
| | | | - Kelly Ishida
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Madanipour MR, Fatehi-Zardalou M, Rahimi N, Hemmati S, Alaeddini M, Etemad-Moghadam S, Shayan M, Dabiri S, Dehpour AR. The anti-inflammatory effect of dapsone on ovalbumin-induced allergic rhinitis in balb/c mice. Life Sci 2022; 297:120449. [PMID: 35245518 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.120449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/26/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Allergic rhinitis (AR), a major chronic inflammatory disease of the respiratory system, is a public health issue because of its substantial negative impact on quality of life and work efficiency alongside its high prevalence and costs. Dapsone is a sulfone chemical with reported anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties. Accordingly, we investigated the anti-inflammatory impact of dapsone on ovalbumin-induced allergic rhinitis in balb/c mice. MAIN METHODS Intraperitoneal ovalbumin and hydroxide aluminum injection followed by intranasal ovalbumin administration sensitized female Balb/c mice. Mice received intraperitoneal dapsone either acute (5, 10, 20 mg/kg) 30 min before the last ovalbumin challenge, or chronic (20 mg/kg) on days 21 to 35. KEY FINDINGS Both acute and chronic intraperitoneal usage of dapsone showed a considerable decrease in the nasal scratching behavior, the number of sneezing, serum IL-4 and IgE levels of ovalbumin-induced AR in balb/c mice, but there was a significant increase in serum IFNγ level. Histopathological analysis demonstrated a significant reduction of eosinophil numbers, following dapsone injection. Goblet cell hyperplasia and respiratory epithelial-thickness decreased significantly in the acute and chronic 20 mg/kg dapsone groups compared to the ovalbumin-induced controls. SIGNIFICANCE This study shows that there is an association between acute and chronic dapsone treatment and some anti-allergic effects through an inflammation cascade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Reza Madanipour
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mortaza Fatehi-Zardalou
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nastaran Rahimi
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sara Hemmati
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mojgan Alaeddini
- Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahroo Etemad-Moghadam
- Dental Research Center, Dentistry Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Shayan
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sasan Dabiri
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Otorhinolaryngology Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Reza Dehpour
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Trombino S, Siciliano C, Procopio D, Curcio F, Laganà AS, Di Gioia ML, Cassano R. Deep Eutectic Solvents for Improving the Solubilization and Delivery of Dapsone. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14020333. [PMID: 35214065 PMCID: PMC8875782 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14020333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Owing to a growing awareness toward environmental impact, the use of safer and eco-friendly solvents like deep eutectic solvents (DESs), has recently undergone important growth in the pharmaceutical field, with regard to their application as non-aqueous liquid administration vehicles, since they do not carry the same risks of toxicity and handling as traditional organic solvents. Major attention has been given to the development of advantageous transdermal drug delivery systems, because of their ease of use and better acceptability. Here, we report the use of two different DESs, based on choline chloride, used as hydrogen bond acceptor (HBA), and ascorbic acid or propylene glycol, used as hydrogen bond donors (HBDs), able to enhance the solubility and the topical delivery of dapsone, representing a class IV drug. The interactions between the DESs’ components and the drug were studied by performing DSC, FT-IR, and NMR analysis of the eutectic systems and the pure drug, confirming the establishment of H-bonds between the drug and the DESs’ components. Diffusion and permeability studies, carried out in a Franz cell, showed an increase in permeability, highlighting the great potential of DESs as dissolution and permeation enhancers in the development of novel and more effective drug delivery systems in topical administration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Maria Luisa Di Gioia
- Correspondence: (M.L.D.G.); (R.C.); Tel.: +39-984493095 (M.L.D.G.); +39-984493227 (R.C.)
| | - Roberta Cassano
- Correspondence: (M.L.D.G.); (R.C.); Tel.: +39-984493095 (M.L.D.G.); +39-984493227 (R.C.)
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Mokgehle TM, Madala N, Gitari WM, Tavengwa NT. Advances in the development of biopolymeric adsorbents for the extraction of metabolites from nutraceuticals with emphasis on Solanaceae and subsequent pharmacological applications. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 264:118049. [PMID: 33910751 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Biopolymers are renowned for their sustainable, biodegradable, biocompatible and most of them have antitoxic characteristics. These versatile naturally derived compounds include proteins, polynucleotides (RNA and DNA) and polysaccharides. Cellulose and chitosan are the most abundant polysaccharides. Proteins and polysaccharides have been applied as emulsifiers. Additional applications of proteins and polysaccharides include cosmetics, food and wastewater treatment for adsorption of dyes and pesticides. However, more interesting applications of biopolymers are emerging, such as use in transport systems for delivery of plant derived nutraceuticals to sites of inflammation, due to its inherent ability to immobilize different biological and chemical systems. This review aims to give a summary on new trends and complement what is already known in the development of polysaccharides and proteins as adsorbents of nutraceutical compounds. The application of polysaccharides/protein containing the adsorbed Solanum derived nutraceutical compounds for drug deliveryis also reviewed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tebogo Mphatlalala Mokgehle
- Department of Chemistry, School of Mathematical and Natural Sciences, University of Venda, Private Bag X5050, Thohoyandou, 0950, South Africa
| | - Ntakadzeni Madala
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Mathematical and Natural Sciences, University of Venda, Private Bag X5050, Thohoyandou, 0950, South Africa
| | - Wilson Mugera Gitari
- Department of Ecology and Resource Management, School of Environmental Sciences, University of Venda, Private Bag X5050, Thohoyandou, 0950, South Africa
| | - Nikita Tawanda Tavengwa
- Department of Chemistry, School of Mathematical and Natural Sciences, University of Venda, Private Bag X5050, Thohoyandou, 0950, South Africa.
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Demurtas A, Pescina S, Nicoli S, Santi P, Ribeiro de Araujo D, Padula C. Validation of a HPLC-UV method for the quantification of budesonide in skin layers. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2021; 1164:122512. [PMID: 33454440 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2020.122512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
A simple and sensitive HPLC method for the quantification of budesonide in skin layers was developed and validated. Budesonide was extracted from stratum corneum, epidermis and dermis by means of a mixture of acetonitrile:water (recovery > 90%). Budesonide quantification was performed with a RP-C18 column using methanol and water mixture (69:31, v/v) as mobile phase, pumped at 0.8 ml/min. The absorbance was monitored at 254 nm. The method resulted to be selective, linear in the range 0.05-5 or 10 μg/ml, precise and accurate. LLOQ resulted to be 0.05 μg/ml. The developed method appeared to be appropriate for the quantification of budesonide in skin layers at the end of in vitro permeation experiments since the recovery of the applied dose was 97 ± 1%, in line with requirement of the OECD guideline for the testing of the chemicals (Skin absorption: in vitro method).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Demurtas
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/a, 43124 Parma Italy
| | - Silvia Pescina
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/a, 43124 Parma Italy
| | - Sara Nicoli
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/a, 43124 Parma Italy
| | - Patrizia Santi
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/a, 43124 Parma Italy
| | - Daniele Ribeiro de Araujo
- Human and Natural Sciences Centre, Federal University of ABC, Av dos Estados 5001, Bloco A, Torre 3, CEP 09210-580. Santo André, SP, Brazil
| | - Cristina Padula
- Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, Parco Area delle Scienze 27/a, 43124 Parma Italy.
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Ghose A, Nabi B, Rehman S, Md S, Alhakamy NA, Ahmad OAA, Baboota S, Ali J. Development and Evaluation of Polymeric Nanosponge Hydrogel for Terbinafine Hydrochloride: Statistical Optimization, In Vitro and In Vivo Studies. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12122903. [PMID: 33287406 PMCID: PMC7761813 DOI: 10.3390/polym12122903] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 11/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Terbinafine hydrochloride, although one of the prominent antifungal agents, suffers from low drug permeation owing to its hydrophobic nature. The approach of nanosponge formulation may thus help to resolve this concern. Thus, the present research was envisioned to fabricate the nanosponge hydrogel of terbinafine hydrochloride for topical delivery since nanosponge augments the skin retentivity of the drug. The optimized formulation was obtained using Box Behnken Design. The dependent and independent process parameters were also determined wherein polyvinyl alcohol (%), ethylcellulose (%), and tween 80 (%) were taken as independent process parameters and particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), and entrapment efficiency (EE) were the dependent parameters. The nanosponge was then incorporated into the hydrogel and characterized. In-vitro drug release from the hydrogel was 90.20 ± 0.1% which was higher than the drug suspension and marketed formulation. In vitro permeation potential of the developed formulation through rat skin showed a flux of 0.594 ± 0.22 µg/cm2/h while the permeability coefficient was 0.059 ± 0.022 cm/s. Nanosponge hydrogel was evaluated for non-irritancy and antifungal activity against C. albicans and T. rubrum confirming the substantial outcome. Tape stripping studies exhibited ten times stripping off the skin quantified 85.6 ± 0.21 μg/cm2. The confocal analysis justified the permeation potential of the prepared hydrogel. The mean erythemal score was 0.0, confirming that the prepared hydrogel did not cause erythema or oedema. Therefore, based on results obtained, nanosponge hydrogel formulation is a potential carrier for efficient topical delivery of terbinafine hydrochloride.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aditee Ghose
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India; (A.G.); (B.N.); (S.R.); (S.B.)
| | - Bushra Nabi
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India; (A.G.); (B.N.); (S.R.); (S.B.)
| | - Saleha Rehman
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India; (A.G.); (B.N.); (S.R.); (S.B.)
| | - Shadab Md
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (S.M.); (N.A.A.); (O.A.A.A.)
- Center of Excellence for Drug Research & Pharmaceutical Industries, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nabil A. Alhakamy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (S.M.); (N.A.A.); (O.A.A.A.)
- Center of Excellence for Drug Research & Pharmaceutical Industries, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Osama A. A. Ahmad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia; (S.M.); (N.A.A.); (O.A.A.A.)
- Center of Excellence for Drug Research & Pharmaceutical Industries, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sanjula Baboota
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India; (A.G.); (B.N.); (S.R.); (S.B.)
| | - Javed Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India; (A.G.); (B.N.); (S.R.); (S.B.)
- Correspondence: or ; Tel.: +91-9811312247; Fax: +91-11-2605-9663
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