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Aikawa S, Tanaka H, Ueda H, Maruyama M, Higaki K. Specific intermolecular interaction with sodium glycocholate generates the co-amorphous system showing higher physical stability and aqueous solubility of Y 5 receptor antagonist of neuropeptide Y, a brick dust molecule. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2024; 202:114395. [PMID: 38971200 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2024.114395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Revised: 06/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
Drugs with poor water and lipid solubility are termed "brick dust." We previously successfully developed a co-amorphous system of a novel neuropeptide Y5 receptor antagonist (AntiY5R), a brick dust molecule, using sodium taurocholate (NaTC) as a co-former. However, the maximum improvement in AntiY5R dissolution by the co-amorphous system was only approximately 10 times greater than that of the crystals. Therefore, in the current study, other bile salts, including sodium cholate (NaC), sodium chenodeoxycholate (NaCC), and sodium glycocholate (NaGC), were examined as co-formers to further improve AntiY5R dissolution. NaC, NaCC, and NaGC have glass transition temperatures above 150°C. All three co-amorphous systems prepared successfully retained the amorphous form of AntiY5R for 3 months at 40°C, but the co-amorphous system with NaGC (AntiY5R-NaGC; 1:9 molar ratio) provided the highest improvement in AntiY5R dissolution, which was approximately 50 times greater than that of the crystals. Possible intermolecular interactions via the glycine moiety of NaGC more than the other bile salts would contribute to the highest dissolution enhancement with AntiY5R-NaGC. Thus, NaGC would be a promising co-former for formulating stable co-amorphous systems to enhance the dissolution behavior of brick dust molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shohei Aikawa
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 1-1-1, Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan; Formulation Research Department, Formulation R&D Laboratory, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., 1-3, Kuise Terajima 2-chome, Amagasaki, Hyogo 660-0813, Japan.
| | - Hironori Tanaka
- Formulation Research Department, Formulation R&D Laboratory, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., 1-3, Kuise Terajima 2-chome, Amagasaki, Hyogo 660-0813, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ueda
- Bioanalytical, Analysis and Evaluation Laboratory, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., 1-1, Futabacho 3-chome, Toyonaka, Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Masato Maruyama
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 1-1-1, Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Higaki
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, 1-1-1, Tsushima-naka, Kita-ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
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2
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Suleiman Alsalhi M, Royall PG, Al-Obaidi H, Alsalhi A, Cilibrizzi A, Chan KLA. Non-salt based co-amorphous formulation produced by freeze-drying. Int J Pharm 2023; 645:123404. [PMID: 37714312 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/17/2023]
Abstract
Amino acids-based co-amorphous system (CAM) has shown to be a promising approach to overcome the dissolution challenge of biopharmaceutics classification system class II drugs. To date, most CAM formulations are based on salt formation at a 1:1 M ratio and are prepared by mechanical activation. However, its use in medicinal products is still limited due to the lack of in-depth understanding of non-ionic based molecular interactions. There are also limited studies on the effect of drug-to-co-former ratio, the development of more scalable, less aggressive, manufacturing processes such as freeze drying and its dissolution benefits. This work aims to investigate the effect of the ratio of tryptophan (a model non-ionic amino acid) to indomethacin (a model drug) on a non-salt-based CAM prepared via freeze-drying with the tert-butyl alcohol-water cosolvent system. The CAM material was systemically characterized at various stages of the freeze-drying process using DSC, UV-Vis, FT-IR, NMR, TGA and XRPD. Dissolution performance and physical stability upon storage were also investigated. Freeze-drying using the cosolvent system has been successfully shown to produce CAMs. The molecular interactions involving H-bonding, H/π and π-π between compounds have been confirmed by FT-IR and NMR. The drug release rate for formulations with a 1.5:1 drug: amino acid molar ratio (or 1:0.42 wt ratio) or below is found to be significantly improved compared to the pure crystalline drug. Furthermore, formulation with a 2.3:1 drug:amino acid molar ratio (or 1:0.25 wt ratio) or below have shown to be physically stable for at least 9 months when stored at dry condition (5% relative humidity, 25 °C) compared to the pure amorphous indomethacin. We have demonstrated the potential of freeze-drying using tert-butyl alcohol-water cosolvent system to produce an optimal non-salt-based class II drug-amino acid CAM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Suleiman Alsalhi
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, SE1 9NH, UK; College of pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Paul G Royall
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London, SE1 9NH, UK
| | - Hisham Al-Obaidi
- School of Chemistry, Food and Pharmacy (SCFP), University of Reading, Whiteknights, Reading RG6 6AP, UK
| | - Alyaa Alsalhi
- College of pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
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Budiman A, Handini AL, Muslimah MN, Nurani NV, Laelasari E, Kurniawansyah IS, Aulifa DL. Amorphous Solid Dispersion as Drug Delivery Vehicles in Cancer. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3380. [PMID: 37631436 PMCID: PMC10457821 DOI: 10.3390/polym15163380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer treatment has improved over the past decades, but a major challenge lies in drug formulation, specifically for oral administration. Most anticancer drugs have poor water solubility which can affect their bioavailability. This causes suboptimal pharmacokinetic performance, resulting in limited efficacy and safety when administered orally. As a result, it is essential to develop a strategy to modify the solubility of anticancer drugs in oral formulations to improve their efficacy and safety. A promising approach that can be implemented is amorphous solid dispersion (ASD) which can enhance the aqueous solubility and bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs. The addition of a polymer can cause stability in the formulations and maintain a high supersaturation in bulk medium. Therefore, this study aimed to summarize and elucidate the mechanisms and impact of an amorphous solid dispersion system on cancer therapy. To gather relevant information, a comprehensive search was conducted using keywords such as "anticancer drug" and "amorphous solid dispersion" in the PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases. The review provides an overview and discussion of the issues related to the ASD system used to improve the bioavailability of anticancer drugs based on molecular pharmaceutics. A thorough understanding of anticancer drugs in this system at a molecular level is imperative for the rational design of the products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arif Budiman
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Raya Bandung-Sumedang Km. 21, Bandung 45363, Indonesia; (A.L.H.); (M.N.M.); (N.V.N.); (E.L.); (I.S.K.)
| | - Annisa Luthfiyah Handini
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Raya Bandung-Sumedang Km. 21, Bandung 45363, Indonesia; (A.L.H.); (M.N.M.); (N.V.N.); (E.L.); (I.S.K.)
| | - Mutia Nur Muslimah
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Raya Bandung-Sumedang Km. 21, Bandung 45363, Indonesia; (A.L.H.); (M.N.M.); (N.V.N.); (E.L.); (I.S.K.)
| | - Neng Vera Nurani
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Raya Bandung-Sumedang Km. 21, Bandung 45363, Indonesia; (A.L.H.); (M.N.M.); (N.V.N.); (E.L.); (I.S.K.)
| | - Eli Laelasari
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Raya Bandung-Sumedang Km. 21, Bandung 45363, Indonesia; (A.L.H.); (M.N.M.); (N.V.N.); (E.L.); (I.S.K.)
| | - Insan Sunan Kurniawansyah
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Raya Bandung-Sumedang Km. 21, Bandung 45363, Indonesia; (A.L.H.); (M.N.M.); (N.V.N.); (E.L.); (I.S.K.)
| | - Diah Lia Aulifa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis and Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jl. Raya Bandung-Sumedang Km. 21, Bandung 45363, Indonesia;
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Sinapic Acid Co-Amorphous Systems with Amino Acids for Improved Solubility and Antioxidant Activity. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24065533. [PMID: 36982605 PMCID: PMC10053217 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 03/12/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The objective of this study was to obtain co-amorphous systems of poorly soluble sinapic acid using amino acids as co-formers. In order to assess the probability of the interaction of amino acids, namely, arginine, histidine, lysine, tryptophan, and proline, selected as co-formers in the amorphization of sinapic acid, in silico studies were carried out. Sinapic acid systems with amino acids in a molar ratio of 1:1 and 1:2 were obtained using ball milling, solvent evaporation, and freeze drying techniques. X-ray powder diffraction results confirmed the loss of crystallinity of sinapic acid and lysine, regardless of the amorphization technique used, while remaining co-formers produced mixed results. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy analyses revealed that the co-amorphous sinapic acid systems were stabilized through the creation of intermolecular interactions, particularly hydrogen bonds, and the potential formation of salt. Lysine was selected as the most appropriate co-former to obtain co-amorphous systems of sinapic acid, which inhibited the recrystallization of sinapic acid for a period of six weeks in 30 °C and 50 °C. Obtained co-amorphous systems demonstrated an enhancement in dissolution rate over pure sinapic acid. A solubility study revealed a 12.9-fold improvement in sinapic acid solubility after introducing it into the co-amorphous systems. Moreover, a 2.2-fold and 1.3-fold improvement in antioxidant activity of sinapic acid was observed with respect to the ability to neutralize the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical and to reduce copper ions, respectively.
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Okur AC, Erni P, Ouali L, Benczedi D, Amstad E. Controlling the crystal structure of succinic acid via microfluidic spray-drying. RSC Adv 2023; 13:7731-7737. [PMID: 36909742 PMCID: PMC9993402 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra06380h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Many properties of materials, including their dissolution kinetics, hardness, and optical appearance, depend on their structure. Unfortunately, it is often difficult to control the structure of low molecular weight organic compounds that have a high propensity to crystallize if they are formulated from solutions wherein they have a high mobility. This limitation can be overcome by formulating these compounds within small airborne drops that rapidly dry, thereby limiting the time molecules have to arrange into the thermodynamically most stable phase. Such drops can be formed with a surface acoustic wave (SAW)-based spray-drier. In this paper, we demonstrate that the structure of a model low molecular weight compound relevant to applications in pharmacology and food, succinic acid, can be readily controlled with the supersaturation rate. Succinic acid particles preserve the metastable structure over at least 3 months if the initial succinic acid concentration is below 2% of its saturation concentration such that the supersaturation rate is high. We demonstrate that also the stability of the metastable phases against their transformation into the most stable phase increases with decreasing initial solute concentration and hence with increasing supersaturation rate of the spray-dried solution. These insights open up new opportunities to control the crystal structure and therefore properties of low molecular weight compounds that have a high propensity to crystallize.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aysu Ceren Okur
- Soft Materials Laboratory, Institute of Materials, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Lausanne 1015 Switzerland
| | - Philipp Erni
- Firmenich SA, Corporate R&D Division PO Box 239 CH-1211 Geneva 8 Switzerland
| | - Lahoussine Ouali
- Firmenich SA, Corporate R&D Division PO Box 239 CH-1211 Geneva 8 Switzerland
| | - Daniel Benczedi
- Firmenich SA, Corporate R&D Division PO Box 239 CH-1211 Geneva 8 Switzerland
| | - Esther Amstad
- Soft Materials Laboratory, Institute of Materials, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) Lausanne 1015 Switzerland
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Aikawa S, Tanaka H, Ueda H, Maruyama M, Higaki K. Formation of a Stable Co-Amorphous System for a Brick Dust Molecule by Utilizing Sodium Taurocholate with High Glass Transition Temperature. Pharmaceutics 2022; 15:84. [PMID: 36678713 PMCID: PMC9864160 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15010084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Brick dust molecules are usually poorly soluble in water and lipoidal components, making it difficult to formulate them in dosage forms that provide efficient pharmacological effects. A co-amorphous system is an effective strategy to resolve these issues. However, their glass transition temperatures (Tg) are relatively lower than those of polymeric amorphous solid dispersions, suggesting the instability of the co-amorphous system. This study aimed to formulate a stable co-amorphous system for brick dust molecules by utilizing sodium taurocholate (NaTC) with a higher Tg. A novel neuropeptide Y5 receptor antagonist (AntiY5R) and NaTC with Tg of 155 °C were used as the brick dust model and coformer, respectively. Ball milling formed a co-amorphous system for AntiY5R and NaTC (AntiY5R-NaTC) at various molar ratios. Deviation from the theoretical Tg value and peak shifts in Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy indicated intermolecular interactions between AntiY5R and NaTC. AntiY5R-NaTC at equal molar ratios resulting in an 8.5-fold increase in AntiY5R solubility over its crystalline form. The co-amorphous system remained amorphous for 1 month at 25 °C and 40 °C. These results suggest that the co-amorphous system formed by utilizing NaTC as a coformer could stably maintain the amorphous state and enhance the solubility of brick dust molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shohei Aikawa
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
- Formulation Research Department, Formulation R&D Laboratory, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Hyogo 660-0813, Japan
| | - Hironori Tanaka
- Formulation Research Department, Formulation R&D Laboratory, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Hyogo 660-0813, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ueda
- Bioanalytical, Analysis and Evaluation Laboratory, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Masato Maruyama
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
| | - Kazutaka Higaki
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
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7
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Alsalhi MS, Royall PG, Chan KLA. Mechanistic study of the solubilization effect of basic amino acids on a poorly water-soluble drug. RSC Adv 2022; 12:19040-19053. [PMID: 35865577 PMCID: PMC9240925 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra02870k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Amino acids have shown promising abilities to form complexes with poorly water-soluble drugs and improve their physicochemical properties for a better dissolution profile through molecular interactions. Salt formation via ionization between acidic drugs and basic amino acids is known as the major contributor to solubility enhancement. However, the mechanism of solubility enhancement due to non-ionic interactions, which is less pH-dependent, remains unclear. The aim of this study is to evaluate non-ionic interactions between a model acidic drug, indomethacin (IND), and basic amino acids, arginine, lysine and histidine, in water. At low concentrations of amino acids, IND-arginine and IND-lysine complexes have shown a linear relationship (AL-type phase solubility diagram) between IND solubility and amino acid concentration, producing ∼1 : 1 stoichiometry of drug-amino acid complexes as expected due to the strong electrostatic interactions. However, IND-histidine complexes have shown a nonlinear relationship with lower improvement in IND solubility due to the weaker electrostatic interactions when compared to arginine and lysine. Interestingly, the results have also shown that at high arginine concentrations, the linearity was lost between IND solubility and amino acid concentration with a negative diversion from linearity, following the type-AN phase solubility. This is indicative that the electrostatic interaction is being interrupted by non-electrostatic interactions, as seen with histidine. The IND-lysine complex, on the other hand, showed a complex curvature phase solubility diagram (type BS) as lysine self-assembles and polymerizes at higher concentrations. The freeze-dried drug-amino acid solids were further characterized using thermal analysis and infrared spectroscopy, with results showing the involvement of weak non-ionic interactions. This study shows that the solubility improvement of an insoluble drug in the presence of basic amino acids was due to both non-ionic and ionic interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paul G Royall
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Science, King's College London SE1 9NH UK
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Ueda H, Hirakawa Y, Miyano T, Imono M, Tse JY, Uchiyama H, Tozuka Y, Kadota K. Design of a Stable Coamorphous System Using Lactose as an Antiplasticizing Agent for Diphenhydramine Hydrochloride with a Low Glass Transition Temperature. Mol Pharm 2022; 19:1209-1218. [PMID: 35316068 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.2c00057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Coamorphous systems comprising small molecules are emerging as counterparts to polymeric solid dispersions. However, the glass transition temperatures (Tgs) of coamorphous materials are relatively low because of the lack of polymeric carriers with higher Tgs. This study aimed to investigate the applicability of lactose (LAC) as an antiplasticizing coformer to a coamorphous system. Diphenhydramine hydrochloride (DPH) was selected as a model drug (Tg = 16 °C). Differential scanning calorimetry showed a comelting point in addition to a decrease in the neat melting points depending on the composition of the physical mixtures, suggesting that the mixture of DPH-LAC was eutectic. The melting point of the eutectic mixture was calculated according to the Schröder-van Laar equation. The heat of fusion of the eutectic mixture was maximized at a 70:30 molar ratio of DPH to LAC; at this point, the melting peaks of the pure components disappeared. The heat flow profiles following the melting and cooling of DPH-LAC physical mixtures at the ratios from 10:90 to 90:10 showed a single Tg, suggesting the formation of a coamorphous system. Lactose showed a Tg of over 100 °C, and the Tg of DPH increased with the molar ratio of LAC; it was 84 °C at a 10:90 molar ratio of DPH to LAC. The Raman image indicated the formation of a homogeneous dispersion of DPH and LAC in the coamorphous system. Peak shifts in the infrared spectra indicated the presence of intermolecular interactions between the amino group of DPH and the hydroxyl group of LAC. Principal component analysis of the infrared spectra revealed a significant change at the 70:30 molar ratio of DPH to LAC, which was in agreement with the results of the thermal analysis. A stability test at 40 °C revealed rapid crystallization of the supercooled liquid DPH. The coamorphous samples containing 10-50% of LAC remained in an amorphous state for 21 days, and no crystallization was observed for the samples containing >60% of LAC for 28 days. The relatively lower Tg (less than 40 °C) of the coamorphous system containing 10-50% of LAC might have caused crystallization during storage. These findings indicate that LAC, which is a safe and widely used pharmaceutical excipient, can be applied to coamorphous systems as an antiplasticizing coformer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Ueda
- Physical Chemistry, Laboratory for Medicinal Chemistry Research, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Yuya Hirakawa
- Chemical Modality 2, Laboratory for Advanced Medicine Research, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Tetsuya Miyano
- Physical Chemistry, Laboratory for Medicinal Chemistry Research, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Masaaki Imono
- Physical Chemistry, Laboratory for Medicinal Chemistry Research, Shionogi & Co., Ltd., Osaka 561-0825, Japan
| | - Jun Yee Tse
- Department of Formulation Design and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Osaka 569-1094, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Uchiyama
- Department of Formulation Design and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Osaka 569-1094, Japan
| | - Yuichi Tozuka
- Department of Formulation Design and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Osaka 569-1094, Japan
| | - Kazunori Kadota
- Department of Formulation Design and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Osaka 569-1094, Japan
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Li W, Song J, Li J, Li M, Tian B, He Z, Liu X, Fu Q. Co-amorphization of atorvastatin by lisinopril as a co-former for solubility improvement. Int J Pharm 2021; 607:120971. [PMID: 34363915 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2021] [Revised: 07/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The co-amorphous (CAM) technology has attracted extensive attention in recent years because it can improve the solubility and provide a formulation strategy for fixed dose combination for poorly water-soluble drugs. Atorvastatin (ATR) is a poorly water-soluble drug and it has strong anti-hyperlipidemia activity, and it is usually used in combination with lisinopril (LNP), an anti-hypertension drug. The aim of this study is to test the feasibility to develop ATR/LNP co-amorphous formulation using a cryo-milling method. The solid-state behaviors of the CAM systems were characterized by polarizing light microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry and powder X-ray diffraction. The molecular interaction between ATR and LNP was confirmed by the analysis of glass transition temperature and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Compared with crystalline ATR and neat amorphous ATR, the CAM systems showed significantly increased in vitro dissolution and intrinsic dissolution rate of ATR, because LNP enhanced the supersaturation maintenance of ATR and inhibited its solution-mediated recrystallization to a certain extent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Li
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Jiaqi Song
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Jianfeng Li
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Mo Li
- Liaoning Institute for Drug Control, No. 7 Chongshan West Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Baocheng Tian
- School of Pharmacy, Binzhou Medical University, No. 346, Guanhai Road, Yantai 264003, China
| | - Zhonggui He
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xiaohong Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Qiang Fu
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, No. 103, Wenhua Road, Shenyang 110016, China; Sihuan Pharmaceutical Holdings Group Ltd., No. 13 Guangyuan West Street, Zhangjiawan Town Government, Tongzhou District, Beijing 100013, China.
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Al-Obaidi H, Granger A, Hibbard T, Opesanwo S. Pulmonary Drug Delivery of Antimicrobials and Anticancer Drugs Using Solid Dispersions. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:1056. [PMID: 34371747 PMCID: PMC8309119 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13071056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 07/05/2021] [Accepted: 07/06/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
It is well established that currently available inhaled drug formulations are associated with extremely low lung deposition. Currently available technologies alleviate this low deposition problem via mixing the drug with inert larger particles, such as lactose monohydrate. Those inert particles are retained in the inhalation device or impacted in the throat and swallowed, allowing the smaller drug particles to continue their journey towards the lungs. While this seems like a practical approach, in some formulations, the ratio between the carrier to drug particles can be as much as 30 to 1. This limitation becomes more critical when treating lung conditions that inherently require large doses of the drug, such as antibiotics and antivirals that treat lung infections and anticancer drugs. The focus of this review article is to review the recent advancements in carrier free technologies that are based on coamorphous solid dispersions and cocrystals that can improve flow properties, and help with delivering larger doses of the drug to the lungs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisham Al-Obaidi
- The School of Pharmacy, University of Reading, Reading RG6 6AD, UK; (A.G.); (T.H.); (S.O.)
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Co-Amorphous Drug Formulations in Numbers: Recent Advances in Co-Amorphous Drug Formulations with Focus on Co-Formability, Molar Ratio, Preparation Methods, Physical Stability, In Vitro and In Vivo Performance, and New Formulation Strategies. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13030389. [PMID: 33804159 PMCID: PMC7999207 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13030389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Co-amorphous drug delivery systems (CAMS) are characterized by the combination of two or more (initially crystalline) low molecular weight components that form a homogeneous single-phase amorphous system. Over the past decades, CAMS have been widely investigated as a promising approach to address the challenge of low water solubility of many active pharmaceutical ingredients. Most of the studies on CAMS were performed on a case-by-case basis, and only a few systematic studies are available. A quantitative analysis of the literature on CAMS under certain aspects highlights not only which aspects have been of great interest, but also which future developments are necessary to expand this research field. This review provides a comprehensive updated overview on the current published work on CAMS using a quantitative approach, focusing on three critical quality attributes of CAMS, i.e., co-formability, physical stability, and dissolution performance. Specifically, co-formability, molar ratio of drug and co-former, preparation methods, physical stability, and in vitro and in vivo performance were covered. For each aspect, a quantitative assessment on the current status was performed, allowing both recent advances and remaining research gaps to be identified. Furthermore, novel research aspects such as the design of ternary CAMS are discussed.
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12
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Abstract
Co-amorphous (CAM) systems are promising drug-delivery systems in the arena of therapeutic drug delivery, addressing the poor aqueous solubility of drugs by enhancing solubility and thereby improving the oral bioavailability and therapeutic effect of the drug. A CAM system is a single-phase homogeneous blend of two or more low molecular weight molecules that can be drug–drug or drug–co-former, stabilized via intermolecular interactions, adding the benefit of thermodynamic stability. This review covers the fundamentals of CAM systems and recent advances in formulation development. In particular, we strive to address the theoretical, molecular, technical and biopharmaceutical aspects, advantages over polymeric amorphous solid dispersions, mechanisms of stabilization of amorphous forms, insights into unexplored in silico tools in excipient selection and regulatory viewpoints.
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