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Elmanawy MA, Boraie N, Bakr BA, Makled S. Augmented ocular uptake and anti-inflammatory efficacy of decorated Genistein-loaded NLCs incorporated in in situ gel. Int J Pharm 2024; 662:124508. [PMID: 39053680 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 07/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Genistein (Gen); a naturally occurring isoflavone, acts as a tyrosine kinase inhibitor and efficiently downregulates inflammatory cytokines, which are pivotal in eye inflammation. Also, Gen suffers from sparse ocular bioavailability due to poor solubility. In this work, nanostructured lipid carriers (NLCs) were successfully fabricated by using solid (stearic acid and compritol) and liquid (oleic acid) lipids. The optimized Gen-loaded NLCs showed a nanosize range of 140-246 nm, ≥ 98 % entrapment efficiency, and controlled release over 48 h. The ζ-potential of NLCs was increased from -27.3 mV to 25-27.4 mV due to surface modification with chitosan (CS) or eudragit RS100 (ERS 100). All NLCs showed prominent biocompatibility with enhanced cellular uptake on corneal stromal fibroblasts. Moreover, the different NLCs were incorporated into a mucoadhesive in situ gel. The optimized in situ gel (G9), containing 20 % poloxamers and 0.5 % hydroxyethyl cellulose, exhibited excellent gelling ability within 10.5 s, gelling temperature at 33.1 ± 0.6 ℃, spreadability diameter of 4.73 ± 0.12 cm, shear-thinning behavior, and 20 min ex vivo mucoadhesion time with drug release for 120 h. The in vivo results showed distinguished permeation and distribution potential for ocular delivery. In vivo anti-inflammatory effects after 3 days of treatment with CS-Gen-NLCs/G9 and ERS-Gen-NLCs/G9 revealed a downregulation of interleukin-6 levels in the cornea and retina compared to the untreated group. Our research highlights the promising anti-inflammatory potential of ERS-Gen-NLCs/G9 as an efficient, non-irritant Gen nanodelivery system for managing anterior and posterior ocular inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marwa A Elmanawy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21521, Egypt
| | - Nabila Boraie
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21521, Egypt
| | - Basant A Bakr
- Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria 21568, Egypt
| | - Shaimaa Makled
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21521, Egypt.
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2
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Sardarabadi H, Darvishi MH, Zohrab F, Javadi H. Nanophytomedicine: A promising practical approach in phytotherapy. Phytother Res 2024; 38:3607-3644. [PMID: 38725270 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
The long and rich history of herbal therapeutic nutrients is fascinating. It is incredible to think about how ancient civilizations used plants and herbs to treat various ailments and diseases. One group of bioactive phytochemicals that has gained significant attention recently is dietary polyphenols. These compounds are commonly found in a variety of fruits, vegetables, spices, nuts, drinks, legumes, and grains. Despite their incredible therapeutic properties, one challenge with polyphenols is their poor water solubility, stability, and bioavailability. This means that they are not easily absorbed by the body when consumed in essential diets. Because of structural complexity, polyphenols with high molecular weight cannot be absorbed in the small intestine and after arriving in the colon, they are metabolized by gut microbiota. However, researchers are constantly working on finding solutions to enhance the bioavailability and absorption of these compounds. This study aims to address this issue by applying nanotechnology approaches to overcome the challenges of the therapeutic application of dietary polyphenols. This combination of nanotechnology and phytochemicals could cause a completely new field called nanophytomedicine or herbal nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hadi Sardarabadi
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Qom University of Medical Sciences, Qom, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hasan Darvishi
- Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Zohrab
- Department of Medical Science, Qom Branch, Islamic Azad University, Qom, Iran
| | - Hamidreza Javadi
- Nanobiotechnology Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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3
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Bansal K, Singh V, Mishra S, Bajpai M. Articulating the Pharmacological and Nanotechnological Aspects of Genistein: Current and Future Prospectives. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2024; 25:807-824. [PMID: 38902930 DOI: 10.2174/0113892010265344230919170611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/22/2024]
Abstract
Throughout the past several centuries, herbal constituents have been the subject of scientific interest and the latest research into their therapeutic potential is underway. Genistein is a soy-derived isoflavone found in huge amounts in soy, along with the plants of the Fabaceae family. Scientific studies have demonstrated the beneficial effects of genistein on various health conditions. Genistein presents a broad range of pharmacological activities, including anticancer, neuroprotective, cardioprotective, antiulcer, anti-diabetic, wound healing, anti-bacterial, antiviral, skin, and radioprotective effects. However, the hydrophobic nature of genistein results in constrained absorption and restricts its therapeutic potential. In this review, the number of nanocarriers for genistein delivery has been explored, such as polymeric nanoparticles, nanostructured lipid carriers, solid lipid nanoparticles, liposomes, micelles, transferosomes, and nanoemulsions and nanofibers. These nano-formulations of genistein have been utilized as a potential strategy for various disorders, employing a variety of ex vivo, in vitro, and in vivo models and various administration routes. This review concluded that genistein is a potential therapeutic agent for treating various diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, cardiovascular disorders, obesity, diabetes, ulcers, etc., when formulated in suitable nanocarriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keshav Bansal
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, 281406, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vanshita Singh
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, 281406, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Samiksha Mishra
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, 281406, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Meenakshi Bajpai
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, 281406, Uttar Pradesh, India
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4
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Shete VS, Telange DR, Mahajan NM, Pethe AM, Mahapatra DK. Development of phospholipon®90H complex nanocarrier with enhanced oral bioavailability and anti-inflammatory potential of genistein. Drug Deliv 2023; 30:2162158. [PMID: 36587626 PMCID: PMC9809365 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2022.2162158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Genistein (GEN), an isoflavonoid, offers multifunctional biological activities. However, its poor oral bioavailability, aqueous solubility, extensive metabolism, and short half-life restricted its clinical use. Therefore, the Phospholipon®90H complex of genistein (GPLC) was prepared to enhance its biopharmaceutical properties and anti-inflammatory activity. GPLC was characterized by employing particle size and zeta potential, Fourier transforms infrared spectrophotometry, differential scanning calorimetry, powder x-ray diffractometry, proton nuclear magnetic resonance, aqueous solubility, in vitro dissolution, ex vivo permeation, oral bioavailability and in vivo anti-inflammatory activity. The complex showed high entrapment of GEN (∼97.88% w/w) within the Phospholipon®90H matrix. Particle size and zeta potential studies confirmed the small particle size with the modest stability of GPLC. The characterization analysis supported the formation of GPLC through the participation of hydrogen bonding between GEN and Phospholipon®90H. GPLC significantly enhanced the aqueous solubility (∼2-fold) compared to GEN. Dissolution studies revealed that GPLC drastically improved the GEN dissolution rate compared to GEN. Likewise, the complex improved the permeation rate across the membrane compared to GEN. GPLC formulation significantly enhanced the oral bioavailability of GEN via improving its Cmax, tmax, AUC, half-life and mean residence time within the blood circulation compared to GEN. The GPLC (∼20 mg/kg, p.o.) remarkably inhibited the increase in paw edema up to 5 h, compared to GEN and diclofenac. Results suggest that the Phospholipon®90 complex is a superior and promising carrier for enhancing the biopharmaceutical parameters of GEN and other bioactive with similar properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vaishnavi S. Shete
- Datta Meghe College of Pharmacy, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences (Deemed to be University), Wardha, Maharashtra, India
| | - Darshan R. Telange
- Datta Meghe College of Pharmacy, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences (Deemed to be University), Wardha, Maharashtra, India,Darshan R. Telange Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research (Deemed to be University), Wardha, Maharashtra, 442002, India
| | - Nilesh M. Mahajan
- Dadasaheb Balpande College of Pharmacy, Nagpur, Maharashtra, India,CONTACT Nilesh M. Mahajan Dadasaheb Balpande College of Pharmacy, Nagpur, Maharashtra, 440037, India
| | - Anil M. Pethe
- Datta Meghe College of Pharmacy, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences (Deemed to be University), Wardha, Maharashtra, India
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5
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Wang D, Jiang Q, Dong Z, Meng T, Hu F, Wang J, Yuan H. Nanocarriers transport across the gastrointestinal barriers: The contribution to oral bioavailability via blood circulation and lymphatic pathway. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 203:115130. [PMID: 37913890 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.115130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2023] [Revised: 09/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/03/2023]
Abstract
Oral administration is the preferred route of drug delivery in clinical practice due to its noninvasiveness, safety, convenience, and high patient compliance. The gastrointestinal tract (GIT) plays a crucial role in facilitating the targeted delivery of oral drugs. However, the GIT presents multiple barriers that impede drug absorption, including the gastric barrier in the stomach and the mucus and epithelial barriers in the intestine. In recent decades, nanotechnology has emerged as a promising approach for overcoming these challenges by utilizing nanocarrier-based drug delivery systems such as liposomes, micelles, polymeric nanoparticles, solid lipid nanoparticles, and inorganic nanoparticles. Encapsulating drugs within nanocarriers not only protects them from degradation but also enhances their transport and absorption across the GIT, ultimately improving oral bioavailability. The aim of this review is to elucidate the mechanisms underlying nanocarrier-mediated transportation across the GIT into systemic circulation via both the blood circulation and lymphatic pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ding Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Qi Jiang
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Zhefan Dong
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Tingting Meng
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Fuqiang Hu
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China
| | - Jianwei Wang
- The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009, PR China
| | - Hong Yuan
- College of Pharmaceutical Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, PR China; China Jinhua Institute of Zhejiang University, Jinhua 321299, PR China.
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Joshi H, Gupta DS, Abjani NK, Kaur G, Mohan CD, Kaur J, Aggarwal D, Rani I, Ramniwas S, Abdulabbas HS, Gupta M, Tuli HS. Genistein: a promising modulator of apoptosis and survival signaling in cancer. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 2023; 396:2893-2910. [PMID: 37300702 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-023-02550-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Genistein, a commonly occurring isoflavone, has recently gained popularity owing to its ever-expanding spectrum of pharmacological benefits. In addition to health benefits such as improved bone health and reduced postmenopausal complications owing to its phytoestrogen properties, it has been widely evaluated for its anti-cancer potential. Several studies have established the potential for its usage in the management of breast, lung, and prostate cancers, and its usage has significantly evolved from early applications in traditional systems of medicine. This review offers an insight into its current status of usage, the chemistry, and pharmacokinetics of the molecule, an exploration of its apoptotic mechanisms in cancer management, and opportunities for synergism to improve therapeutic outcomes. In addition to this, the authors have presented an overview of recent clinical trials, to offer an understanding of contemporary studies and explore prospects for a greater number of focused trials, moving forward. Advancements in the application of nanotechnology as a strategy to improve safety and efficacy have also been highlighted, with a brief discussion of results from safety and toxicology studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hemant Joshi
- School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Dhruv Sanjay Gupta
- Department of Pharmacology, Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, V. L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, 400056, India
| | - Nosheen Kamruddin Abjani
- Department of Pharmacology, Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, V. L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, 400056, India
| | - Ginpreet Kaur
- Department of Pharmacology, Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy & Technology Management, SVKM's NMIMS, V. L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, 400056, India
| | | | - Jagjit Kaur
- Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, 2052, Australia
| | - Diwakar Aggarwal
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar Engineering College, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to Be University), Mullana, Ambala, 133207, India
| | - Isha Rani
- Department of Biochemistry, Maharishi Markandeshwar College of Medical Sciences and Research (MMCMSR), Sadopur, 134007, Ambala, India
| | - Seema Ramniwas
- University Centre for Research and Development, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, 140413, India
| | - Hadi Sajid Abdulabbas
- Continuous Education Department, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Al-Ameed, Karbala, 56001, Iraq
| | - Madhu Gupta
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Delhi Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research University, New Delhi, 110017, India
| | - Hardeep Singh Tuli
- Department of Biotechnology, Maharishi Markandeshwar Engineering College, Maharishi Markandeshwar (Deemed to Be University), Mullana, Ambala, 133207, India.
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7
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Ashfaq R, Rasul A, Asghar S, Kovács A, Berkó S, Budai-Szűcs M. Lipid Nanoparticles: An Effective Tool to Improve the Bioavailability of Nutraceuticals. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15764. [PMID: 37958750 PMCID: PMC10648376 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Nano-range bioactive colloidal carrier systems are envisaged to overcome the challenges associated with treatments of numerous diseases. Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs), one of the extensively investigated drug delivery systems, not only improve pharmacokinetic parameters, transportation, and chemical stability of encapsulated compounds but also provide efficient targeting and reduce the risk of toxicity. Over the last decades, nature-derived polyphenols, vitamins, antioxidants, dietary supplements, and herbs have received more attention due to their remarkable biological and pharmacological health and medical benefits. However, their poor aqueous solubility, compromised stability, insufficient absorption, and accelerated elimination impede research in the nutraceutical sector. Owing to the possibilities offered by various LNPs, their ability to accommodate both hydrophilic and hydrophobic molecules and the availability of various preparation methods suitable for sensitive molecules, loading natural fragile molecules into LNPs offers a promising solution. The primary objective of this work is to explore the synergy between nature and nanotechnology, encompassing a wide range of research aimed at encapsulating natural therapeutic molecules within LNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabia Ashfaq
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (R.A.)
| | - Akhtar Rasul
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (A.R.); (S.A.)
| | - Sajid Asghar
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan; (A.R.); (S.A.)
| | - Anita Kovács
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (R.A.)
| | - Szilvia Berkó
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (R.A.)
| | - Mária Budai-Szűcs
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Regulatory Affairs, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, H-6720 Szeged, Hungary; (R.A.)
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Ejazi SA, Louisthelmy R, Maisel K. Mechanisms of Nanoparticle Transport across Intestinal Tissue: An Oral Delivery Perspective. ACS NANO 2023. [PMID: 37410891 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c02403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Oral drug administration has been a popular choice due to patient compliance and limited clinical resources. Orally delivered drugs must circumvent the harsh gastrointestinal (GI) environment to effectively enter the systemic circulation. The GI tract has a number of structural and physiological barriers that limit drug bioavailability including mucus, the tightly regulated epithelial layer, immune cells, and associated vasculature. Nanoparticles have been used to enhance oral bioavailability of drugs, as they can act as a shield to the harsh GI environment and prevent early degradation while also increasing uptake and transport of drugs across the intestinal epithelium. Evidence suggests that different nanoparticle formulations may be transported via different intracellular mechanisms to cross the intestinal epithelium. Despite the existence of a significant body of work on intestinal transport of nanoparticles, many key questions remain: What causes the poor bioavailability of the oral drugs? What factors contribute to the ability of a nanoparticle to cross different intestinal barriers? Do nanoparticle properties such as size and charge influence the type of endocytic pathways taken? In this Review, we summarize the different components of intestinal barriers and the types of nanoparticles developed for oral delivery. In particular, we focus on the various intracellular pathways used in nanoparticle internalization and nanoparticle or cargo translocation across the epithelium. Understanding the gut barrier, nanoparticle characteristics, and transport pathways may lead to the development of more therapeutically useful nanoparticles as drug carriers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarfaraz Ahmad Ejazi
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, 3120 A. James Clark Hall, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Rebecca Louisthelmy
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, 3120 A. James Clark Hall, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
| | - Katharina Maisel
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, 3120 A. James Clark Hall, College Park, Maryland 20742, United States
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Maisel K, McClain CA, Bogseth A, Thomas SN. Nanotechnologies for Physiology-Informed Drug Delivery to the Lymphatic System. Annu Rev Biomed Eng 2023; 25:233-256. [PMID: 37000965 PMCID: PMC10879987 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-bioeng-092222-034906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2023]
Abstract
Accompanying the increasing translational impact of immunotherapeutic strategies to treat and prevent disease has been a broadening interest across both bioscience and bioengineering in the lymphatic system. Herein, the lymphatic system physiology, ranging from its tissue structures to immune functions and effects, is described. Design principles and engineering approaches to analyze and manipulate this tissue system in nanoparticle-based drug delivery applications are also elaborated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Maisel
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA;
| | - Claire A McClain
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA;
| | - Amanda Bogseth
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland, USA;
| | - Susan N Thomas
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA;
- George W. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Parker H. Petit Institute of Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
- Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
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10
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Zhang X, Huang Y, Zhu H, Liu Z, Zhang L, Li Z, Niu Y, Zhang H. Genistein microparticles prepared by antisolvent recrystallization with low-speed homogenization process. Food Chem 2023; 408:135250. [PMID: 36563619 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.135250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
To create genistein particles, a brand-new antisolvent recrystallization technique was employed. The response surface approach was utilized to optimize the single factor test findings, which were acquired via the preliminary tests. The ideal liquid-to-liquid ratio was 9, the solution concentration was 21 mg/mL, the nozzle diameter was 700 μm, the feed rate was 39.65 mL/min, and the homogenization rate was 1500 rpm. The smallest mean particle size measured was 202.782 nm. SEM was used to study the powder's morphology, while thermal analysis and infrared imaging were used to evaluate its characteristics. The homogeneous antisolvent recrystallization method-prepared GMP has a better dissolving rate and stronger antioxidant activity when compared to genistein powder. The antisolvent recrystallization approach used in this study, which uses low-speed homogenizing instead of conventional grinding and homogenizing, can successfully reduce particle size, improve bioavailability, and use less energy. This topic may thus be made popular because it has real-world applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaonan Zhang
- Jiaying University, Meizhou 514015, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Conservation and Precision Utilization of Characteristic Agricultural Resources in Mountainous Areas, Jiaying University, Meizhou 514015, China; Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Heilongjiang Xueqin Technology Co., LTD, Harbin 150030, China.
| | - Yan Huang
- Jiaying University, Meizhou 514015, China
| | - Hongwei Zhu
- Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Heilongjiang Xueqin Technology Co., LTD, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Zhiwei Liu
- Jiaying University, Meizhou 514015, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Conservation and Precision Utilization of Characteristic Agricultural Resources in Mountainous Areas, Jiaying University, Meizhou 514015, China
| | - Lubin Zhang
- Jiaying University, Meizhou 514015, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Conservation and Precision Utilization of Characteristic Agricultural Resources in Mountainous Areas, Jiaying University, Meizhou 514015, China
| | - Zhiru Li
- Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China; Heilongjiang Xueqin Technology Co., LTD, Harbin 150030, China
| | - Yaqian Niu
- Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, China
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Rassu G, Obinu A, Serri C, Piras S, Carta A, Ferraro L, Gavini E, Giunchedi P, Dalpiaz A. Improving in vivo oral bioavailability of a poorly soluble drug: a case study on polymeric versus lipid nanoparticles. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2023; 13:1128-1139. [PMID: 36509967 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-022-01278-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Poorly soluble drugs must be appropriately formulated for clinical use to increase the solubility, dissolution rate, and permeation across the intestinal epithelium. Polymeric and lipid nanocarriers have been successfully investigated for this aim, and their physicochemical properties, and in particular, the surface chemistry, significantly affect the pharmacokinetics of the drugs after oral administration. In the present study, PLGA nanoparticles (SS13NP) and solid lipid nanoparticles (SS13SLN) loaded with SS13, a BCS IV model drug, were prepared. SS13 bioavailability following the oral administration of SS13 (free drug), SS13NP, or SS13SLN was compared. SS13NP had a suitable size for oral administration (less than 300 nm), a spherical shape and negative zeta potential, similarly to SS13SLN. On the contrary, SS13NP showed higher physical stability but lower encapsulation efficiency (54.31 ± 6.66%) than SS13SLN (100.00 ± 3.11%). When orally administered (0.6 mg of drug), SS13NP showed higher drug AUC values with respect to SS13SLN (227 ± 14 versus 147 ± 8 µg/mL min), with higher Cmax (2.47 ± 0.14 µg/mL versus 1.30 ± 0.15 µg/mL) reached in a shorter time (20 min versus 60 min). Both formulations induced, therefore, the oral bioavailability of SS13 (12.67 ± 1.43% and 4.38 ± 0.39% for SS13NP and SS12SLN, respectively) differently from the free drug. These in vivo results confirm that the chemical composition of nanoparticles significantly affects the in vivo fate of a BCS IV drug. Moreover, PLGA nanoparticles appear more efficient and rapid than SLN in allowing drug absorption and transport to systemic circulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanna Rassu
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, via Muroni 23/a, 07100, Sassari, Italy.
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, viale San Pietro 43/B, 07100, Sassari, Italy.
| | - Antonella Obinu
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, via Muroni 23/a, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Carla Serri
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, viale San Pietro 43/B, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Sandra Piras
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, via Muroni 23/a, 07100, Sassari, Italy
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, viale San Pietro 43/B, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Antonio Carta
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, via Muroni 23/a, 07100, Sassari, Italy
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, viale San Pietro 43/B, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Luca Ferraro
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, via Borsari 46, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Gavini
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, via Muroni 23/a, 07100, Sassari, Italy
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, viale San Pietro 43/B, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Paolo Giunchedi
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, via Muroni 23/a, 07100, Sassari, Italy
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, viale San Pietro 43/B, 07100, Sassari, Italy
| | - Alessandro Dalpiaz
- Department of Chemical, Pharmaceutical and Agricultural Sciences, University of Ferrara, via Fossato di Mortara 19, 44121, Ferrara, Italy
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Rasheed S, Rehman K, Shahid M, Suhail S, Akash MSH. Therapeutic potentials of genistein: New insights and perspectives. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14228. [PMID: 35579327 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2022] [Revised: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 04/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Genistein, a polyphenolic isoflavone compound found abundantly in soy or soy-based products, is widely consumed in the Asian population. Genistein has poor bioavailability, to overcome this problem many advanced nano-drug delivery carrier systems are designed to enhance its water solubility and stability. However, further research is required to develop more efficient bioavailability improvement strategies. Genistein is a phytoestrogen which has been associated with reducing the risk of cancer, cardiovascular disorders, and diabetes mellitus. This plant-based bioactive compound possesses numerous biological activities such as anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-obesity, anti-cancer, cardioprotective, and anti-diabetic activities to treat various disease states. Genistein has been used as an active therapeutic agent in many medications. Moreover, several clinical trials are in the ongoing stage to develop more efficient treatment therapies, especially for cancer treatment. This article highlights the protective and therapeutic benefits of genistein in the treatment of different ailments, and more specifically elaborates on the anti-cancer potential of genistein regarding various types of cancers. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Genistein possesses versatile biological activities, including anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-obesity, and anti-angiogenic. The most studied activity is anti-cancer. Currently, a number of pre-clinical and clinical trials are being carried out on anti-neoplastic and cytotoxic activities of genistein to develop novel therapeutic agents with excellent anti-cancer potential for the treatment of various kinds of cancer. Moreover, many bioavailability enhancement strategies have been developed to improve the bioavailability of genistein. Genistein shows significant hypoglycemic effects alone or in combination with other anti-diabetic agents. Genistein in combination with other chemotherapeutic agents is used for the treatment of prostate, bone, colorectal, glioma, breast, and bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumbal Rasheed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Kanwal Rehman
- Department of Pharmacy, The Women University, Multan, Pakistan
| | - Momina Shahid
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Shaleem Suhail
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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13
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Agrawal S, Garg A, Varshney V. Recent updates on applications of Lipid-based nanoparticles for site-specific drug delivery. Pharm Nanotechnol 2022; 10:24-41. [PMID: 35249522 DOI: 10.2174/2211738510666220304111848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Site-specific drug delivery is a widespread and demanding area nowadays. Lipid-based nanoparticulate drug delivery systems have shown promising effects for targeting drugs among lymphatic systems, brain tissues, lungs, and skin. Recently, lipid nanoparticles are used for targeting the brain via the mucosal route for local therapeutic effects. Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) can help in enhancing the efficacy and lowering the toxicities of anticancer drugs to treat the tumors, particularly in lymph after metastases of tumors. LNPs contain a non-polar core that can improve the absorption of lipophilic drugs into the lymph node and treat tumors. Cellular uptake of drugs can also be enhanced using LNPs and therefore, LNPs are the ideal carrier for treating intracellular infections such as leishmaniasis, tuberculosis and parasitic infection in the brain, etc. Furthermore, specific surface modifications with molecules like mannose, or PEG could improve the macrophage uptake and hence effectively eradicate parasites hiding in macrophages. METHOD An electronic literature search was conducted to update the advancements in the field of site-specific drug delivery utilizing lipid-based nanoparticles. A search of the Scopus database (https://www.scopus.com/home.uri) was conducted using the following keywords: lipid-based nanoparticles; site specific delivery. CONCLUSION Solid lipid nanoparticles have shown site-specific targeted delivery to various organs including the liver, oral mucosa, brain, epidermis, pulmonary and lymphatic systems. These lipid-based systems showed improved bioavailability as well as reduced side effects. Therefore, the focus of this article is to review the recent research studies on LNPs for site-specific or targeting drug delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivanshu Agrawal
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura-281406, U.P., India
| | - Anuj Garg
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura-281406, U.P., India
| | - Vikas Varshney
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura-281406, U.P., India
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14
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Jangid AK, Solanki R, Patel S, Pooja D, Kulhari H. Genistein encapsulated inulin-stearic acid bioconjugate nanoparticles: Formulation development, characterization and anticancer activity. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 206:213-221. [PMID: 35181329 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.02.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Achieving controlled and site-specific delivery of hydrophobic drugs in the colon environment is a major challenge. The primary goal of this research was to synthesize inulin-stearic acid (INU-SA) conjugate and to evaluate its potential in the site-specific delivery of genistein (GEN) for the treatment of colon cancer. INU is a hydrophilic polysaccharide biological macromolecule was modified with hydrophobic SA to form amphiphilic conjugate (INU-SA) which can self-assemble into spherical nanoparticles with interesting drug release properties. The hydrophobic GEN was encapsulated into the INU-SA conjugate to prepare GEN loaded nanoparticles (GNP). The prepared GNP possessed nano size (115 nm), good colloidal dispersibility (0.066 PDI), and high drug encapsulation efficiency (92.2%). The release behaviour of GNP indicated the site-specific release of GEN, only 3.4% at gastric pH while 94% at intestinal pH. The prepared GNP showed potential cytotoxicity against HCT 116 human colorectal cancer cells, as demonstrated by antiproliferation and apoptosis assays. The observed half maximum inhibitory concentration (IC50) value of GNP (5.5 μg/mL) was significantly lower than pure GEN (28.2 μg/mL) due to higher cellular internalization of GNP than free GEN. Therefore, this research suggests a way to improve the therapeutic effectiveness of natural biomolecules using modified and biocompatible polysaccharide INU.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashok Kumar Jangid
- School of Nano Sciences, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar 382030, India
| | - Raghu Solanki
- School of Life Sciences, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar 382030, India
| | - Sunita Patel
- School of Life Sciences, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar 382030, India
| | - Deep Pooja
- School of Pharmacy, National Forensic Sciences University, Gandhinagar 382007, India.
| | - Hitesh Kulhari
- School of Nano Sciences, Central University of Gujarat, Gandhinagar 382030, India; Department of Pharmaceutical Technology (Formulations), National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Guwahati 781101, India.
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15
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Nejati L, Maram NS, Ahmady AZ. Preparation of Gentamicin Sulfate Nanoparticles using Eudragit RS-100 and Evaluation of Their Physicochemical Properties. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1142/s0219581x21500496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Improving permeability and absorption of drugs are critical research challenges in pharmaceutical science. Gentamicin sulfate is an aminoglycoside antibiotic, which is very active against gram-negative bacteria; however, it has very poor bioavailability. This study aimed to prepare gentamicin nanoparticles with the intention of increased bioavailability. Accordingly, Eudragit RS-100 nanoparticles loaded with gentamicin sulfate were prepared by the double emulsification and solvent evaporation method, a proper technique for encapsulating hydrophilic molecules. Nanoparticles’ suspensions with polymer to drug ratios of 1:1 ([Formula: see text] and 2:1 ([Formula: see text]) were prepared, lyophilized and evaluated for their production yield, physicochemical properties and morphology. The mean particle size was 195.67[Formula: see text]nm and 228[Formula: see text]nm for [Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text], respectively. The formulations’ loading efficiencies were relatively high (85.73 for [Formula: see text] and 85.20 for [Formula: see text]). The nanoparticles’ surface charge (+40.5[Formula: see text]mV) was sufficient to inhibit their aggregation and facilitate the nanoparticles’ absorption through the gastrointestinal tract. The results of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) revealed that drug and polymer stabilized each other by physical interactions between their functional groups. Both formulations presented an initial burst drug release of nearly 20% after 30[Formula: see text]min in phosphate buffer (pH = 7.4). After 24[Formula: see text]h, [Formula: see text] did not release the drug completely, while [Formula: see text] released the whole drug. Overall, nanoparticles with proper characteristics were obtained. This study puts forward the necessity of conducting further research in order to explore the intestinal absorption of these nanoparticles and the possibility of being utilized for oral administration of gentamicin sulfate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ladan Nejati
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Nader Shakiba Maram
- Nanotechnology Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Amanollah Zarei Ahmady
- Marine Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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16
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Demartis S, Rassu G, Murgia S, Casula L, Giunchedi P, Gavini E. Improving Dermal Delivery of Rose Bengal by Deformable Lipid Nanovesicles for Topical Treatment of Melanoma. Mol Pharm 2021; 18:4046-4057. [PMID: 34554752 PMCID: PMC8564756 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.1c00468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
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Cutaneous melanoma
is one of the most aggressive and metastatic
forms of skin cancer. However, current therapeutic options present
several limitations, and the annual death rate due to melanoma increases
every year. Dermal delivery of nanomedicines can effectively eradicate
primary melanoma lesions, avoid the metastatic process, and improve
survival. Rose Bengal (RB) is a sono-photosensitizer drug with intrinsic
cytotoxicity toward melanoma without external stimuli but the biopharmaceutical
profile limits its clinical use. Here, we propose deformable lipid
nanovesicles, also known as transfersomes (TF), for the targeted dermal
delivery of RB to melanoma lesions to eradicate them in the absence
of external stimuli. Considering RB’s poor ability to cross
the stratum corneum and its photosensitizer nature, transfersomal
carriers were selected simultaneously to enhance RB penetration to
the deepest skin layers and protect RB from undesired photodegradation.
RB-loaded TF dispersion (RB-TF), prepared by a modified reverse-phase
evaporation method, were nanosized with a ζ-potential value
below −30 mV. The spectrophotometric and fluorimetric analysis
revealed that RB efficiently interacted with the lipid phase. The
morphological investigations (transmission electron microscopy and
small-angle X-ray scattering) proved that RB intercalated within the
phospholipid bilayer of TF originating unilamellar and deformable
vesicles, in contrast to the rigid multilamellar unloaded ones. Such
outcomes agree with the results of the in vitro permeation study,
where the lack of a burst RB permeation peak for RB-TF, observed instead
for the free drug, suggests that a significant amount of RB interacted
with lipid nanovesicles. Also, RB-TF proved to protect RB from undesired
photodegradation over 24 h of direct light exposure. The ex vivo epidermis
permeation study proved that RB-TF significantly increased RB’s
amount permeating the epidermis compared to the free drug (78.31 vs
38.31%). Finally, the antiproliferative assays on melanoma cells suggested
that RB-TF effectively reduced cell growth compared to free RB at
the concentrations tested (25 and 50 μM). RB-TF could potentially
increase selectivity toward cancer cells. Considering the outcomes
of the characterization and cytotoxicity studies performed on RB-TF,
we conclude that RB-TF represents a valid potential alternative tool
to fight against primary melanoma lesions via dermal delivery in the
absence of light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Demartis
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Giovanna Rassu
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Sergio Murgia
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy.,CSGI, Consorzio Interuniversitario per lo Sviluppo dei Sistemi a Grande Interfase, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Florence, Italy
| | - Luca Casula
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Paolo Giunchedi
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Gavini
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy
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McCright J, Ramirez A, Amosu M, Sinha A, Bogseth A, Maisel K. Targeting the Gut Mucosal Immune System Using Nanomaterials. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13111755. [PMID: 34834170 PMCID: PMC8619927 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13111755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 10/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The gastrointestinal (GI) tract is one the biggest mucosal surface in the body and one of the primary targets for the delivery of therapeutics, including immunotherapies. GI diseases, including, e.g., inflammatory bowel disease and intestinal infections such as cholera, pose a significant public health burden and are on the rise. Many of these diseases involve inflammatory processes that can be targeted by immune modulatory therapeutics. However, nonspecific targeting of inflammation systemically can lead to significant side effects. This can be avoided by locally targeting therapeutics to the GI tract and its mucosal immune system. In this review, we discuss nanomaterial-based strategies targeting the GI mucosal immune system, including gut-associated lymphoid tissues, tissue resident immune cells, as well as GI lymph nodes, to modulate GI inflammation and disease outcomes, as well as take advantage of some of the primary mechanisms of GI immunity such as oral tolerance.
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18
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Electrochemotherapy of Deep-Seated Tumors: State of Art and Perspectives as Possible "EPR Effect Enhancer" to Improve Cancer Nanomedicine Efficacy. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:cancers13174437. [PMID: 34503247 PMCID: PMC8431574 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13174437] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 08/29/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Electroporation-based therapies (reversible electroporation, irreversible electroporation, electrochemotherapy) are used for the selective treatment of deep-seated tumors. The combination of the structural modifications of the lipid bilayer of cell membranes, due to the application of electrical pulses in the targeted tissue, with the concomitant systemic (intravenous) administration of drugs can be considered as a sort of bridge between local-regional and systemic treatments. A possible further application of these techniques can be envisaged in their use as enhancers of the so-called “enhanced permeability and retention” effect. The intratumoral uptake of drug-loaded nanocarriers concomitant with the application of electric pulses in the target tumor is a new scenario worthy of attention and can represent a potential new frontier for drug delivery in oncology. Abstract Surgical resection is the gold standard for the treatment of many kinds of tumor, but its success depends on the early diagnosis and the absence of metastases. However, many deep-seated tumors (liver, pancreas, for example) are often unresectable at the time of diagnosis. Chemotherapies and radiotherapies are a second line for cancer treatment. The “enhanced permeability and retention” (EPR) effect is believed to play a fundamental role in the passive uptake of drug-loaded nanocarriers, for example polymeric nanoparticles, in deep-seated tumors. However, criticisms of the EPR effect were recently raised, particularly in advanced human cancers: obstructed blood vessels and suppressed blood flow determine a heterogeneity of the EPR effect, with negative consequences on nanocarrier accumulation, retention, and intratumoral distribution. Therefore, to improve the nanomedicine uptake, there is a strong need for “EPR enhancers”. Electrochemotherapy represents an important tool for the treatment of deep-seated tumors, usually combined with the systemic (intravenous) administration of anticancer drugs, such as bleomycin or cisplatin. A possible new strategy, worthy of investigation, could be the use of this technique as an “EPR enhancer” of a target tumor, combined with the intratumoral administration of drug-loaded nanoparticles. This is a general overview of the rational basis for which EP could be envisaged as an “EPR enhancer” in nanomedicine.
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19
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Zhang RX, Dong K, Wang Z, Miao R, Lu W, Wu XY. Nanoparticulate Drug Delivery Strategies to Address Intestinal Cytochrome P450 CYP3A4 Metabolism towards Personalized Medicine. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:1261. [PMID: 34452222 PMCID: PMC8399842 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13081261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug dosing in clinical practice, which determines optimal efficacy, toxicity or ineffectiveness, is critical to patients' outcomes. However, many orally administered therapeutic drugs are susceptible to biotransformation by a group of important oxidative enzymes, known as cytochrome P450s (CYPs). In particular, CYP3A4 is a low specificity isoenzyme of the CYPs family, which contributes to the metabolism of approximately 50% of all marketed drugs. Induction or inhibition of CYP3A4 activity results in the varied oral bioavailability and unwanted drug-drug, drug-food, and drug-herb interactions. This review explores the need for addressing intestinal CYP3A4 metabolism and investigates the opportunities to incorporate lipid-based oral drug delivery to enable precise dosing. A variety of lipid- and lipid-polymer hybrid-nanoparticles are highlighted to improve drug bioavailability. These drug carriers are designed to target different intestinal regions, including (1) local saturation or inhibition of CYP3A4 activity at duodenum and proximal jejunum; (2) CYP3A4 bypass via lymphatic absorption; (3) pH-responsive drug release or vitamin-B12 targeted cellular uptake in the distal intestine. Exploitation of lipidic nanosystems not only revives drugs removed from clinical practice due to serious drug-drug interactions, but also provide alternative approaches to reduce pharmacokinetic variability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Xue Zhang
- Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi’an 710072, China; (R.X.Z.); (R.M.); (W.L.)
| | - Ken Dong
- Advanced Pharmaceutics & Drug Delivery Laboratory, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, 144 College Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3M2, Canada;
| | - Zhigao Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Finance and Economics, Nanjing 210003, China;
| | - Ruimin Miao
- Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi’an 710072, China; (R.X.Z.); (R.M.); (W.L.)
| | - Weijia Lu
- Institute of Medical Research, Northwestern Polytechnical University, 127 West Youyi Road, Xi’an 710072, China; (R.X.Z.); (R.M.); (W.L.)
| | - Xiao Yu Wu
- Advanced Pharmaceutics & Drug Delivery Laboratory, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, 144 College Street, Toronto, ON M5S 3M2, Canada;
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20
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Pandya P, Giram P, Bhole RP, Chang HI, Raut SY. Nanocarriers based oral lymphatic drug targeting: Strategic bioavailability enhancement approaches. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.102585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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21
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Javed Z, Khan K, Herrera-Bravo J, Naeem S, Iqbal MJ, Sadia H, Qadri QR, Raza S, Irshad A, Akbar A, Reiner Ž, Al-Harrasi A, Al-Rawahi A, Satmbekova D, Butnariu M, Bagiu IC, Bagiu RV, Sharifi-Rad J. Genistein as a regulator of signaling pathways and microRNAs in different types of cancers. Cancer Cell Int 2021; 21:388. [PMID: 34289845 PMCID: PMC8296701 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-021-02091-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancers are complex diseases orchestrated by a plethora of extrinsic and intrinsic factors. Research spanning over several decades has provided better understanding of complex molecular interactions responsible for the multifaceted nature of cancer. Recent advances in the field of next generation sequencing and functional genomics have brought us closer towards unravelling the complexities of tumor microenvironment (tumor heterogeneity) and deregulated signaling cascades responsible for proliferation and survival of tumor cells. Phytochemicals have begun to emerge as potent beneficial substances aimed to target deregulated signaling pathways. Isoflavonoid genistein is an essential phytochemical involved in regulation of key biological processes including those in different types of cancer. Emerging preclinical evidence have shown its anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant properties. Testing of this substance is in various phases of clinical trials. Comprehensive preclinical and clinical trials data is providing insight on genistein as a modulator of various signaling pathways both at transcription and translation levels. In this review we have explained the mechanistic regulation of several key cellular pathways by genistein. We have also addressed in detail various microRNAs regulated by genistein in different types of cancer. Moreover, application of nano-formulations to increase the efficiency of genistein is also discussed. Understanding the pleiotropic potential of genistein to regulate key cellular pathways and development of efficient drug delivery system will bring us a step towards designing better chemotherapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeeshan Javed
- Office of Research Innovation and Commercialization (ORIC), Lahore Garrison University, Sector-C, DHA Phase-VI, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Khushbukhat Khan
- Department of Healthcare Biotechnology, Atta-ur-Rahman School of Applied Biosciences (ASAB), National University of Sciences and Technology (NUST), Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Jesús Herrera-Bravo
- Departamento de Ciencias Básicas, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Santo Tomas, Santiago, Chile.,Center of Molecular Biology and Pharmacogenetics, Scientific and Technological Bioresource Nucleus, Universidad de La Frontera, 4811230, Temuco, Chile
| | - Sajid Naeem
- School of Life Sciences, Lanzhuo University, Lanzhou, 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Muhammad Javed Iqbal
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Sialkot, Sialkot, Pakistan.
| | - Haleema Sadia
- Department of Biotechnology, BUITEMS, Quetta, Pakistan
| | - Qamar Raza Qadri
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Shahid Raza
- Office of Research Innovation and Commercialization (ORIC), Lahore Garrison University, Sector-C, DHA Phase-VI, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Asma Irshad
- Department of Life Sciences, University of Management Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Ali Akbar
- Department of Microbiology, University of Balochistan, Quetta, Pakistan
| | - Željko Reiner
- Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Centre Zagreb, School of Medicine, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ahmed Al-Harrasi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa, Birkat Almouz, Nizwa, 616, Oman
| | - Ahmed Al-Rawahi
- Natural and Medical Sciences Research Centre, University of Nizwa, Birkat Almouz, Nizwa, 616, Oman
| | - Dinara Satmbekova
- High School of Medicine, Al-Farabi Kazakh National University, Almaty, Kazakhstan
| | - Monica Butnariu
- Banat's University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine "King Michael I of Romania" From Timisoara, Timisoara, Romania.
| | - Iulia Cristina Bagiu
- Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Timisoara Discipline of Microbiology, Timisoara, Romania.,Multidisciplinary Research Center on Antimicrobial Resistance, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Radu Vasile Bagiu
- Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Timisoara Discipline of Microbiology, Timisoara, Romania.,Preventive Medicine Study Center, Timisoara, Romania
| | - Javad Sharifi-Rad
- Phytochemistry Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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