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Sun NN, Xu QF, Yang MD, Li YN, Liu H, Tantai W, Shu GW, Li GL. A high-throughput differential scanning fluorimetry method for rapid detection of thermal stability and iron saturation in lactoferrin. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 267:131285. [PMID: 38583841 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.131285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Thermal stability and iron saturation of lactoferrin (LF) are of great significance not only for the evaluation of the biological activities of LF but also for the optimization of the isolation and drying process parameters. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) is a well-established and efficient method for thermal stability and iron saturation detection in LF. However, multiple DSC measurements are typically performed sequentially, thus time-consuming and low throughput. Herein, we introduced the differential scanning fluorimetry (DSF) approach to overcome such limitations. The DSF can monitor LF thermal unfolding with a commonly available real-time PCR instrument and a fluorescent dye (SYPRO orange or Glomelt), and the measured melting temperature of LF is consistent with that determined by DSC. On the basis of that, a new quantification method was established for determination of iron saturation levels using the linear correlation of the degree of ion saturation of LF with DSF measurements. Such DSF method is simple, inexpensive, rapid (<15 min), and high throughput (>96 samples per experiment), and provides a valuable alternative tool for thermal stability detection of LF and other whey proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na-Na Sun
- School of Food Science and Engineering, National R&D Center for Goat Dairy Products Processing Technology, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, China
| | - Qin-Feng Xu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, National R&D Center for Goat Dairy Products Processing Technology, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, China.
| | - Meng-di Yang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, National R&D Center for Goat Dairy Products Processing Technology, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, China
| | - Yan-Ni Li
- School of Food Science and Engineering, National R&D Center for Goat Dairy Products Processing Technology, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, China
| | - Hao Liu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, National R&D Center for Goat Dairy Products Processing Technology, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, China
| | - Wei Tantai
- School of Food Science and Engineering, National R&D Center for Goat Dairy Products Processing Technology, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, China
| | - Guo-Wei Shu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, National R&D Center for Goat Dairy Products Processing Technology, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, China
| | - Guo-Liang Li
- School of Food Science and Engineering, National R&D Center for Goat Dairy Products Processing Technology, Shaanxi University of Science and Technology, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710021, China
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Vila Nova BG, Silva LDS, Andrade MDS, de Santana AVS, da Silva LCT, Sá GC, Zafred IF, Moreira PHDA, Monteiro CA, da Silva LCN, Abreu AG. The essential oil of Melaleuca alternifolia incorporated into hydrogel induces antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory effects on infected wounds by Staphylococcus aureus. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 173:116389. [PMID: 38461682 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus is one of the most common bacterial isolates found in wounds. Thus, innovative dressings, such as hydrogels, are interesting vehicles for incorporating bioactive compounds like those from Melaleuca alternifolia essential oil (MaEO). In this study, we evaluated the antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory potential of MaEO incorporated into an alginate and chitosan hydrogel for treating wounds infected by S. aureus. The hydrogel incorporated with MaEO 1% (HMa 1%) was homogeneous with a bright pale-yellow color and the characteristic smell of Melaleuca. The incorporation of MaEO 1% does not affect the stability of the hydrogel, which was stable up to 90 days of storage. The Scanning electron microscopy analysis revealed that hydrogels showed irregular surfaces and interconnected porous structures with accumulations of oil crystals distributed throughout the formulation. HMa 1% has a high moisture content (95.1%) and can absorb simulated wound fluid. Regarding the antimicrobial effects, HMa 1% reduced the growth of S. aureus ATCC 6538 in both in vitro conditions and in an ex vivo model of wounds using porcine skin. In addition, the dairy topical treatment of murine skin lesions with HMa 1% induced a significant reduction of the wound area, inflammation score, and bacterial load, as well as tissue re-epithelialization and modulation of inflammatory mediators. Therefore, hydrogel incorporated with MaEO 1% has excellent potential to be used in the pharmacotherapy of infected wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Cristina Andrade Monteiro
- Laboratory of Research and Study in Microbiology, Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of the Maranhão (IFMA), São Luís, MA, Brazil
| | | | - Afonso Gomes Abreu
- Microbial Pathogenicity Laboratory, CEUMA University, São Luís, MA, Brazil.
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Adnan A, Nadeem M, Ahmad MH, Tayyab M, Kamran Khan M, Imran M, Iqbal A, Rahim MA, Awuchi CG. Effect of lactoferrin supplementation on composition, fatty acids composition, lipolysis and sensory characteristics of cheddar cheese. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2023. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2023.2166953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ali Adnan
- Department of Dairy Technology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Nadeem
- Department of Dairy Technology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Haseeb Ahmad
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Tayyab
- Institute of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Kamran Khan
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Imran
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Aamir Iqbal
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Muhammad Abdul Rahim
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Lin T, Zhou Y, Dadmohammadi Y, Yaghoobi M, Meletharayil G, Kapoor R, Abbaspourrad A. Encapsulation and stabilization of lactoferrin in polyelectrolyte ternary complexes. Food Hydrocoll 2023; 145:109064. [PMID: 37545760 PMCID: PMC10399645 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2023.109064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/08/2023]
Abstract
Effective delivery of the bioactive protein, lactoferrin (LF), remains a challenge as it is sensitive to environmental changes and easily denatured during heating, restricting its application in functional food products. To overcome these challenges, we formulated novel polyelectrolyte ternary complexes of LF with gelatin (G) and negatively charged polysaccharides, to improve the thermal stability of LF with retained antibacterial activity. Linear, highly charged polysaccharides were able to form interpolymeric complexes with LF and G, while coacervates were formed with branched polysaccharides. A unique multiphase coacervate was observed in the gum Arabic GA-LF-G complex, where a special coacervate-in-coacervate structure was found. The ternary complexes made with GA, soy soluble polysaccharide (SSP), or high methoxyl pectin (HMP) preserved the protein structures and demonstrated enhanced thermal stability of LF. The GA-LF-G complex was especially stable with >90% retention of the native LF after treatment at 90 °C for 2 min in a water bath or at 145 °C for 30 s, while the LF control had only ~ 7% undenatured LF under both conditions. In comparison to untreated LF, LF in ternary complex retained significant antibacterial activity on both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, even after heat treatment. These ternary complexes of LF maintain the desired functionality of LF, thermal stability and antibacterial activity, in the final products. The ternary complex structure, particularly the multiphase coacervate, may serve as a template for the encapsulation and stabilization of other bioactives and peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tiantian Lin
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Yufeng Zhou
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Younas Dadmohammadi
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Mohammad Yaghoobi
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | | | | | - Alireza Abbaspourrad
- Department of Food Science, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
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Rathee S, Ojha A, Upadhyay A, Xiao J, Bajpai VK, Ali S, Shukla S. Biogenic engineered nanomaterials for enhancing bioavailability via developing nano-iron-fortified smart foods: advances, insight, and prospects of nanobionics in fortification of food. Food Funct 2023; 14:9083-9099. [PMID: 37750182 DOI: 10.1039/d3fo02473c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Iron deficiency is a significant cause of iron deficiency anemia (IDA). Treatment of IDA is challenging due to several challenges, including low target bioavailability, low palatability, poor pharmacokinetics, and extended therapeutic regimes. Nanotechnology holds the promise of revolutionizing the management and treatment of IDA. Smart biogenic engineered nanomaterials (BENMs) such as lipids, protein, carbohydrates, and complex nanomaterials have been the subject of extensive research and opened new avenues for people and the planet due to their enhanced physicochemical, rheological, optoelectronic, thermomechanical, biological, magnetic, and nutritional properties. Additionally, they show eco-sustainability, low biotoxicity, active targeting, enhanced permeation and retention, and stimuli-responsive characteristics. We examine the opportunities offered by emerging smart BENMs for the treatment of iron deficiency anemia by utilizing iron-fortified smart foods. We review the progress made so far and other future directions to maximize the impact of smart nanofortification on the global population. The toxicity effects are also discussed with commercialization challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shweta Rathee
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National Institute of Food Science Technology Entrepreneurship and Management, Kundli, Sonipat, India.
| | - Ankur Ojha
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National Institute of Food Science Technology Entrepreneurship and Management, Kundli, Sonipat, India.
| | - Ashutosh Upadhyay
- Department of Food Science and Technology, National Institute of Food Science Technology Entrepreneurship and Management, Kundli, Sonipat, India.
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo - Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Vivek K Bajpai
- Department of Energy and Materials Engineering, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Republic of Korea
| | - Sajad Ali
- Department of Biotechnology, Yeungnam University, South Korea.
| | - Shruti Shukla
- Department of Nanotechnology, North Eastern Hill University (NEHU), East Khasi Hills, Shillong, 793022, Meghalaya, India.
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Tea Tree Oil Nanoemulsion-Based Hydrogel Vehicle for Enhancing Topical Delivery of Neomycin. Life (Basel) 2022; 12:life12071011. [PMID: 35888099 PMCID: PMC9317510 DOI: 10.3390/life12071011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Revised: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The present investigation aims to improve the antimicrobial influence of certain antibacterial drugs, namely, neomycin (NEO), exploiting the benefits of natural oils such as tea tree oil (TTO). Therefore, a distinctive nanolipid formulation, namely, a nanoemulsion (NE), was developed using a Central Composite Factorial Design (CCD) approach depending on the amount of TTO and tween 80 as surfactant. The optimized NEO-NE formula exhibiting minimum globular size and maximum in vitro release was selected. For efficient topical delivery, NEO-NE was incorporated into a pre-formulated hydrogel. The developed NEO-NE-hydrogel was characterized by its physical characteristics such as pH, viscosity, and spreadability. Next, it was tested for stability under different conditions for 3 months. Ultimately, an irritation test was conducted followed by an antibacterial examination. The preparation demonstrated acceptable properties to be successfully applied topically. It showed non-significant changes in stability in both conditions up to 3 months storage when compared to a fresh preparation. It exhibited no irritation when applied on hairless animal skin. Finally, TTO revealed a good inhibition for the bacterial growth that could improve the influence of NEO antibacterial activity, indicating the efficiency of NE containing NEO prepared with TTO to be a promising antibacterial nanocarrier.
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