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Villa A, De Mitri Z, Vincenti S, Crippa E, Castiglioni L, Gelosa P, Rebecchi M, Tosi D, Brunialti E, Oevermann A, Falleni M, Sironi L, Bello L, Mazzaferro V, Ciana P. Canine glioblastoma-derived extracellular vesicles as precise carriers for glioblastoma imaging: Targeting across the blood-brain barrier. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 172:116201. [PMID: 38306846 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Revised: 01/11/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The treatment of glioblastoma (GBM) faces significant challenges due to the difficulty of delivering drugs through the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as potential carriers for targeted drug delivery to brain tumors. However, their use and distribution in the presence of an intact BBB and their ability to target GBM tissue are still under investigation. This study explored the use of EVs for GBM targeting across the BBB. Canine plasma EVs from healthy dogs and dogs with glioma were isolated, characterized, and loaded with diagnostic agents. Biodistribution studies were conducted in healthy murine models and a novel intranasal model that preserved BBB integrity while initiating early-stage GBM growth. This model assessed EVs' potential for delivering the contrast agent gadoteric acid to intracranial tumors. Imaging techniques, such as bioluminescence and MRI, confirmed EVs' targeting and delivery capabilities thus revealing a selective accumulation of canine glioma-derived EVs in brain tissue under physiological conditions. In the model of brain tumor, MRI experiments demonstrated the ability of EVs to accumulate gadoteric acid within GBM to enhance contrast of the tumoral mass, even when BBB integrity is maintained. This study underscores the potential of EVs derived from glioma for the targeted delivery of drugs to glioblastoma. EVs from dogs with glioma showed capacity to traverse the BBB and selectively accumulate within the brain tumor. Overall, this research represents a foundation for the application of autologous EVs to precision glioblastoma treatment, addressing the challenge of BBB penetration and targeting specificity in brain cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Villa
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, via A. di Rudinì, 8, 20142, Milano, Italy
| | - Zemira De Mitri
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, via A. di Rudinì, 8, 20142, Milano, Italy
| | - Simona Vincenti
- Department of Clinical Veterinary Medicine, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Länggassstrasse 124, 3001 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Elisabetta Crippa
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, via A. di Rudinì, 8, 20142, Milano, Italy
| | - Laura Castiglioni
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, via Balzaretti, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Paolo Gelosa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, via Balzaretti, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Monica Rebecchi
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, via A. di Rudinì, 8, 20142, Milano, Italy
| | - Delfina Tosi
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, via A. di Rudinì, 8, 20142, Milano, Italy
| | - Electra Brunialti
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, via A. di Rudinì, 8, 20142, Milano, Italy
| | - Anna Oevermann
- Division of Neurological Sciences, Department of Clinical Research and Veterinary Public Health, Vetsuisse Faculty, University of Bern, Länggassstrasse 124, 3001 Bern, Switzerland
| | - Monica Falleni
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, via A. di Rudinì, 8, 20142, Milano, Italy
| | - Luigi Sironi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Milan, via Balzaretti, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Bello
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Via Festa del Perdono 7, 20122 Milano, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Mazzaferro
- Department of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology, Università Degli Studi di Milano, Via Festa del Perdono 7, 20122 Milano, Italy; HPB Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale Tumori (INT), Via Giacomo Venezian, 1, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Paolo Ciana
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, via A. di Rudinì, 8, 20142, Milano, Italy.
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