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Kavand A, Noverraz F, Gerber-Lemaire S. Recent Advances in Alginate-Based Hydrogels for Cell Transplantation Applications. Pharmaceutics 2024; 16:469. [PMID: 38675129 PMCID: PMC11053880 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16040469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 03/19/2024] [Accepted: 03/20/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
With its exceptional biocompatibility, alginate emerged as a highly promising biomaterial for a large range of applications in regenerative medicine. Whether in the form of microparticles, injectable hydrogels, rigid scaffolds, or bioinks, alginate provides a versatile platform for encapsulating cells and fostering an optimal environment to enhance cell viability. This review aims to highlight recent studies utilizing alginate in diverse formulations for cell transplantation, offering insights into its efficacy in treating various diseases and injuries within the field of regenerative medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sandrine Gerber-Lemaire
- Group for Functionalized Biomaterials, Institute of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, 1015 Lausanne, Switzerland; (A.K.); (F.N.)
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Pareja Tello R, Wang S, Fontana F, Correia A, Molinaro G, López Cerdà S, Hietala S, Hirvonen J, Barreto G, Santos HA. Fabrication of hydrogel microspheres via microfluidics using inverse electron demand Diels-Alder click chemistry-based tetrazine-norbornene for drug delivery and cell encapsulation applications. Biomater Sci 2023. [PMID: 37334482 DOI: 10.1039/d3bm00292f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidic on-chip production of polymeric hydrogel microspheres (MPs) can be designed for the loading of different biologically active cargos and living cells. Among different gelation strategies, ionically crosslinked microspheres generally show limited mechanical properties, meanwhile covalently crosslinked microspheres often require the use of crosslinking agents or initiators with limited biocompatibility. Inverse electron demand Diels Alder (iEDDA) click chemistry is a promising covalent crosslinking method with fast kinetics, high chemoselectivity, high efficiency and no cross-reactivity. Herein, in situ gellable iEDDA-crosslinked polymeric hydrogel microspheres are developed via water-in-oil emulsification (W/O) glass microfluidics. The microspheres are composed of two polyethylene glycol precursors modified with either tetrazine or norbornene as functional moieties. Using a single co-flow glass microfluidic platform, homogenous MPs of sizes 200-600 μm are developed and crosslinked within 2 minutes. The rheological properties of iEDDA crosslinked bulk hydrogels are maintained with a low swelling degree and a slow degradation behaviour under physiological conditions. Moreover, a high-protein loading capacity can be achieved, and the encapsulation of mammalian cells is possible. Overall, this work provides the possibility of developing microfluidics-produced iEDDA-crosslinked MPs as a potential drug vehicle and cell encapsulation system in the biomedical field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rubén Pareja Tello
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland.
| | - Shiqi Wang
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland.
| | - Flavia Fontana
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland.
| | - Alexandra Correia
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland.
| | - Giuseppina Molinaro
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland.
| | - Sandra López Cerdà
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland.
| | - Sami Hietala
- Department of Chemistry, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland
| | - Jouni Hirvonen
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland.
| | - Goncalo Barreto
- Clinicum, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Haartmaninkatu 8, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
- Orton Orthopedic Hospital, Tenholantie 10, 00280, Helsinki, Finland
- Medical Ultrasonics Laboratory (MEDUSA), Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, Aalto University, 02150, Espoo, Finland
| | - Hélder A Santos
- Drug Research Program, Division of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Technology, University of Helsinki, Helsinki FI-00014, Finland.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Ant. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
- W.J. Kolff Institute for Biomedical Engineering and Materials Science, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Ant. Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands
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Lazaro-Pacheco D, Mohseni M, Rudd S, Cooper-White J, Holsgrove TP. The role of biomechanical factors in models of intervertebral disc degeneration across multiple length scales. APL Bioeng 2023; 7:021501. [PMID: 37180733 PMCID: PMC10168717 DOI: 10.1063/5.0137698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Low back pain is the leading cause of disability, producing a substantial socio-economic burden on healthcare systems worldwide. Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is a primary cause of lower back pain, and while regenerative therapies aimed at full functional recovery of the disc have been developed in recent years, no commercially available, approved devices or therapies for the regeneration of the IVD currently exist. In the development of these new approaches, numerous models for mechanical stimulation and preclinical assessment, including in vitro cell studies using microfluidics, ex vivo organ studies coupled with bioreactors and mechanical testing rigs, and in vivo testing in a variety of large and small animals, have emerged. These approaches have provided different capabilities, certainly improving the preclinical evaluation of these regenerative therapies, but challenges within the research environment, and compromises relating to non-representative mechanical stimulation and unrealistic test conditions, remain to be resolved. In this review, insights into the ideal characteristics of a disc model for the testing of IVD regenerative approaches are first assessed. Key learnings from in vivo, ex vivo, and in vitro IVD models under mechanical loading stimulation to date are presented alongside the merits and limitations of each model based on the physiological resemblance to the human IVD environment (biological and mechanical) as well as the possible feedback and output measurements for each approach. When moving from simplified in vitro models to ex vivo and in vivo approaches, the complexity increases resulting in less controllable models but providing a better representation of the physiological environment. Although cost, time, and ethical constraints are dependent on each approach, they escalate with the model complexity. These constraints are discussed and weighted as part of the characteristics of each model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Lazaro-Pacheco
- Department of Engineering, University of Exeter, Harrison Building, Streatham Campus, North Park Road, Exeter EX4 4QF, United Kingdom
| | - Mina Mohseni
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia QLD 4072, Australia
| | - Samuel Rudd
- School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Queensland, St. Lucia QLD 4072, Australia
| | | | - Timothy Patrick Holsgrove
- Department of Engineering, University of Exeter, Harrison Building, Streatham Campus, North Park Road, Exeter EX4 4QF, United Kingdom
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Lertwimol T, Sonthithai P, Hankamolsiri W, Kaewkong P, Uppanan P. Development of chondrocyte-laden alginate hydrogels with modulated microstructure and properties for cartilage regeneration. Biotechnol Prog 2022; 39:e3322. [PMID: 36564904 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.3322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2022] [Revised: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Alginate hydrogel is an attractive biomaterial for cell microencapsulation. The microarchitecture of hydrogels can regulate cellular functions. This study aims to investigate the applicability of sodium citrate buffer (SCB) as a culture medium supplement for modulating the microstructure of alginate microbeads to provide a favorable microenvironment for chondrogenic induction. The chondrocyte-laden microbeads, with and without TGF-β3 incorporation, were produced through an encapsulator. The obtained small-sized microbeads (~300 μm) were exposed to a treatment medium containing SCB, composed of varied concentrations of sodium citrate (1.10-1.57 mM), sodium chloride (3.00-4.29 mM), and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (0.60-0.86 mM) to partially degrade their crosslinked structure for 3 days, followed by culture in a normal medium until day 21. Scanning electron microscope micrographs demonstrated a loose hydrogel network with an enhanced pore size in the SCB-treated microbeads. Increasing the concentration of SCB in the treatment medium reduced the calcium content of the microbeads via a Na+ /Ca2+ exchange process and improved the water absorption of the microbeads, resulting in a higher swelling ratio. All the tested SCB concentrations were non-cytotoxic. Increases in aggrecan and type II collagen gene expression and their corresponding extracellular matrix accumulation, glycosaminoglycans, and type II collagen were vividly detected in the TGF-β3-containing microbeads with increasing SCB concentrations in the treatment medium. Our findings highlighted that the combination of SCB treatment and TGF-β3 incorporation in the chondrocyte-laden microbeads is a promising strategy for enhancing cartilage regeneration, which may contribute to a versatile application in cell delivery and tissue engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tareerat Lertwimol
- Biofunctional Materials and Devices Research Group, National Metal and Materials Technology Center, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Pacharapan Sonthithai
- Biofunctional Materials and Devices Research Group, National Metal and Materials Technology Center, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Weerawan Hankamolsiri
- Biofunctional Materials and Devices Research Group, National Metal and Materials Technology Center, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Pakkanun Kaewkong
- Biofunctional Materials and Devices Research Group, National Metal and Materials Technology Center, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Paweena Uppanan
- Biofunctional Materials and Devices Research Group, National Metal and Materials Technology Center, Pathum Thani, Thailand
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