1
|
Yasmin T, Mahmood A, Sarfraz RM, Rehman U, Boublia A, Alkahtani AM, Albakri GS, Ijaz H, Ahmed S, Harron B, Albrahim M, Elboughdiri N, Yadav KK, Benguerba Y. Mimosa/quince seed mucilage-co-poly (methacrylate) hydrogels for controlled delivery of capecitabine: Simulation studies, characterization and toxicological evaluation. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 275:133468. [PMID: 38945341 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2024] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
This research focused on developing pH-regulated intelligent networks using quince and mimosa seed mucilage through aqueous polymerization to sustain Capecitabine release while overcoming issues like short half-life, high dosing frequency, and low bioavailability. The resulting MSM/QSM-co-poly(MAA) hydrogel was evaluated for several parameters, including complex structure formation, stability, pH sensitivity, morphology, and elemental composition. FTIR, DSC, and TGA analyses confirmed the formation of a stable, complex cross-linked network, demonstrating excellent stability at elevated temperatures. SEM analysis revealed the hydrogels' smooth, fine texture with porous surfaces. PXRD and EDX results indicated the amorphous dispersion of Capecitabine within the network. The QMM9 formulation achieved an optimal Capecitabine loading of 87.17 %. The gel content of the developed formulations ranged from 65.21 % to 90.23 %. All formulations exhibited excellent swelling behavior, with ratios between 65.91 % and 91.93 % at alkaline pH. In vitro dissolution studies indicated that up to 98 % of Capecitabine was released after 24 h at pH 7.4, demonstrating the potential for sustained release. Furthermore, toxicological evaluation in healthy rabbits confirmed the system's safety, non-toxicity, and biocompatibility.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tahira Yasmin
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Asif Mahmood
- Faculty of Pharmacy, The University of Lahore, Lahore 54000, Pakistan; Department of Pharmacy, University of Chakwal, Chakwal 48800, Pakistan.
| | | | - Umaira Rehman
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
| | - Abir Boublia
- Laboratoire de Physico-Chimie des Hauts Polymères (LPCHP), Département de Génie des Procédés, Faculté de Technologie, Université Ferhat ABBAS Sétif-1, Sétif 19000, Algeria
| | - Abdullah M Alkahtani
- Department of Microbiology & Clinical Parasitology College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha 61411, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ghadah Shukri Albakri
- Department of Teaching and Learning, College of Education and Human Development, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hira Ijaz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pak-Austria Fachhochschule Institute of Applied Sciences and Technology, Mang, Khanpur Road, Haripur 22620, Pakistan
| | - Saeed Ahmed
- Department of Chemistry, University of Chakwal, 48800, Pakistan
| | - Bilal Harron
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan
| | - Malik Albrahim
- Chemical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, University of Ha'il, P.O. Box 2440, Ha'il 81441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Noureddine Elboughdiri
- Chemical Engineering Department, College of Engineering, University of Ha'il, P.O. Box 2440, Ha'il 81441, Saudi Arabia; Chemical Engineering Process Department, National School of Engineers Gabes, University of Gabes, Street Omar ibn El-Khattab, 6029, Gabes, Tunisia
| | - Krishna Kumar Yadav
- Faculty of Science and Technology, Madhyanchal Professional University, Ratibad, Bhopal 462044, India; Environmental and Atmospheric Sciences Research Group, Scientific Research Center, Al-Ayen University, Thi-Qar, Nasiriyah 64001, Iraq
| | - Yacine Benguerba
- Laboratoire de Biopharmacie Et Pharmacotechnie (LBPT), Ferhat Abbas Setif 1 University, Setif, Algeria.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Mir A, Fletcher WJ, Taylor DK, Alam J, Riaz U. Sustained Release Studies of Metformin Hydrochloride Drug Using Conducting Polymer/Gelatin-Based Composite Hydrogels. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:18766-18776. [PMID: 38708204 PMCID: PMC11064195 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c05067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/07/2024]
Abstract
The present work highlights the synthesis and characterization of conducting polymer (CP)-based composite hydrogels with gelatin (GL-B) for their application as drug delivery vehicles. The spectral, morphological, and rheological properties of the synthesized hydrogels were explored, and morphological studies confirmed formation of an intense interpenetrating network. Rheological measurements showed variation in the flow behavior with the type of conducting polymer. The hydrogels showed a slow drug release rate of about 10 h due to the presence of the conducting polymer. The release kinetics were fitted in various mathematical models and were best fit in first order for PNA-, POPD-, and PANI-based GL-B hydrogels, and the PVDF/GL-B hydrogel was best fit in the zero-order models. The drug release was found to follow the order: POPD/GL-B > PANI/GL-B > PVDF/GL-B.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aleena Mir
- Materials
Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Wilbert J. Fletcher
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, North Carolina
Central University, Durham, North Carolina 27707, United States
| | - Darlene K. Taylor
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, North Carolina
Central University, Durham, North Carolina 27707, United States
| | - Javed Alam
- King
Abdullah Institute for Nanotechnology (KAIN), King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ufana Riaz
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, North Carolina
Central University, Durham, North Carolina 27707, United States
- Materials
Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wathoni N, Suhandi C, Ghassani Purnama MF, Mutmainnah A, Nurbaniyah NS, Syafra DW, Elamin KM. Alginate and Chitosan-Based Hydrogel Enhance Antibacterial Agent Activity on Topical Application. Infect Drug Resist 2024; 17:791-805. [PMID: 38444772 PMCID: PMC10913799 DOI: 10.2147/idr.s456403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Untreated topical infections can become chronic, posing serious health issues. Optimal skin adherence is crucial in addressing such infections. In this context, chitosan and alginate emerge as promising candidates for use as a foundation in the development of topical hydrogels. The aim of this review is to examine the literature on topical hydrogel formulations that use chitosan and alginate as foundations, specifically in the context of topical antibacterial agents. The research methodology involves a literature review by examining articles published in databases such as PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. The keywords employed during the research were "Alginate", "Chitosan", "Hydrogel", and "Antibacterial". Chitosan and alginate serve as bases in topical hydrogels to deliver various active ingredients, particularly antibacterial agents, as indicated by the search results. Both have demonstrated significant antibacterial effectiveness, as evidenced by a reduction in bacterial colony counts and an increase in inhibition zones. This strongly supports the idea that chitosan and alginate could be used together to make topical hydrogels that kill bacteria that work well. In conclusion, chitosan and alginate-based hydrogels show great potential in treating bacterial infections on the skin surface. The incorporation of chitosan and alginate into hydrogel formulations aids in retaining antibacterial agents, allowing for their gradual release over an optimal period. Therefore, hydrogels specifically formulated with chitosan and alginate have the potential to serve as a solution to address challenges in the treatment of topical bacterial infections.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nasrul Wathoni
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, 45363, Indonesia
| | - Cecep Suhandi
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, 45363, Indonesia
| | - Muhammad Fadhil Ghassani Purnama
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, 45363, Indonesia
| | - Annisa Mutmainnah
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, 45363, Indonesia
| | - Neng Sani Nurbaniyah
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, 45363, Indonesia
| | - Desra Widdy Syafra
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Padjadjaran, Jatinangor, 45363, Indonesia
| | - Khaled M Elamin
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, 862-0973, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Jarosz A, Kapusta O, Gugała-Fekner D, Barczak M. Synthesis and Characterization of Agarose Hydrogels for Release of Diclofenac Sodium. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:6042. [PMID: 37687735 PMCID: PMC10488387 DOI: 10.3390/ma16176042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Revised: 08/24/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogels are attractive biomaterials for the controlled release of various pharmaceuticals, due to their ability to embed biologically active moieties in a 3D polymer network. Among them, agarose-based hydrogels are an interesting, but still not fully explored, group of potential platforms for controlled drug release. In this work, agarose hydrogels with various contents of citric acid were prepared, and their mechanical and physicochemical properties were investigated using various instrumental techniques, such as rheological measurements, attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR). Releasing tests for diclofenac sodium (DICL) were run in various environments; water, PBS, and 0.01 M NaOH; which remarkably affected the profile of the controlled release of this model drug. In addition to affecting the mechanical properties, the amount of citric acid incorporated within a hydrogel network during synthesis was also of great importance to the rate of DICL release. Therefore, due to their high biocompatibility, agarose hydrogels can be regarded as safe and potential platforms for controlled drug release in biomedical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Mariusz Barczak
- Faculty of Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, Maria Curie-Sklodowska Sq. 3, 20-031 Lublin, Poland; (A.J.); (D.G.-F.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kalogeropoulou F, Papailiou D, Protopapa C, Siamidi A, Tziveleka LA, Pippa N, Vlachou M. Design and Development of Low- and Medium-Viscosity Alginate Beads Loaded with Pluronic ® F-127 Nanomicelles. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:4715. [PMID: 37445029 DOI: 10.3390/ma16134715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Revised: 06/25/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
The anionic polymer sodium alginate, a linear copolymer of guluronic and mannuronic acids, is primarily present in brown algae. Copolymers are used in the sodium alginate preparation process to confer on the material strength and flexibility. Micelles and other polymeric nanoparticles are frequently made using the triblock copolymer Pluronic® F-127. The purpose of the present study is to determine the effect of sodium alginate's viscosity (low and medium) and the presence of Pluronic® F-127 micelles on the swelling behavior of the prepared pure beads and those loaded with Pluronic® F-127 micelles. The Pluronic® F-127 nanomicelles have a size of 120 nm. The swelling studies were carried out at pH = 1.2 (simulated gastric fluid-SGF) for two hours and at pH = 6.8 (simulated intestinal fluid-SIF) for four more hours. The swelling of both low- and medium-viscosity alginate beads was minor at pH = 1.2, irrespective of the use of Pluronic® F-127 nanomicelles. At pH = 6.8, without Pluronic® F-127, the beads showed an enhanced swelling ratio for the first four hours, which was even higher in the medium-viscosity alginate beads. With the addition of Pluronic® F-127, the beads were dissolved in the first and second hour, in the case of the low- and medium-alginate's viscosity, respectively. In other words, the behavior of the mixed hydrogels was the same during the swelling experiments. Therefore, the presence of Pluronic® F-127 nanomicelles and medium-viscosity sodium alginate leads to a higher swelling ratio. A model drug, acetyl salicylic acid (ASA), was also encapsulated in the mixed beads and ASA's release studies were performed. In conclusion, the prepared systems, which are well characterized, show potential as delivery platforms for the oral delivery of active pharmaceutical ingredients and biopharmaceuticals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Flora Kalogeropoulou
- Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
- 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, 'Sotiria' Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitra Papailiou
- Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
- 3rd Department of Internal Medicine, 'Sotiria' Hospital, 11527 Athens, Greece
| | - Chrystalla Protopapa
- Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Angeliki Siamidi
- Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Leto-Aikaterini Tziveleka
- Section of Pharmacognosy and Chemistry of Natural Products, Department of Pharmacy, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Natassa Pippa
- Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
| | - Marilena Vlachou
- Section of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, School of Health Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimioupolis Zografou, 15771 Athens, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Moghaddam FD, Heidari G, Zare EN, Djatoubai E, Paiva-Santos AC, Bertani FR, Wu A. Carbohydrate polymer-based nanocomposites for breast cancer treatment. Carbohydr Polym 2023; 304:120510. [PMID: 36641174 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2022.120510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Breast cancer is known as the most common invasive malignancy in women with the highest mortality rate worldwide. This concerning disease may be presented in situ (relatively easier treatment) or be invasive, especially invasive ductal carcinoma which is highly worrisome nowadays. Among several strategies used in breast cancer treatment, nanotechnology-based targeted therapy is currently being investigated, as it depicts advanced technological features able of preventing drugs' side effects on normal cells while effectively acting on tumor cells. In this context, carbohydrate polymer-based nanocomposites have gained particular interest among the biomedical community for breast cancer therapy applications due to their advantage features, including abundance in nature, biocompatibility, straightforward fabrication methods, and good physicochemical properties. In this review, the physicochemical properties and biological activities of carbohydrate polymers and their derivate nanocomposites were discussed. Then, various methods for the fabrication of carbohydrate polymer-based nanocomposites as well as their application in breast cancer therapy and future perspectives were discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Farnaz Dabbagh Moghaddam
- Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies, National Research Council, Via Fosso del Cavaliere, 100, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Golnaz Heidari
- School of Chemistry, Damghan University, Damghan 36716-45667, Iran
| | | | - Essossimna Djatoubai
- International Research Center for Renewable Energy (IRCRE), State Key Laboratory of Multiphase Flow in Power Engineering (MPFE), Xi'an Jiaotong University, 28 West Xianning Road, Xi'an 710049, PR China
| | - Ana Cláudia Paiva-Santos
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; REQUIMTE/LAQV, Group of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy of the University of Coimbra, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Francesca Romana Bertani
- Institute for Photonics and Nanotechnologies, National Research Council, Via Fosso del Cavaliere, 100, 00133, Rome, Italy
| | - Aimin Wu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Orthopaedics, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, 325027, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Polymeric Gel Systems Cytotoxicity and Drug Release as Key Features for their Effective Application in Various Fields of Addressed Pharmaceuticals Delivery. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15030830. [PMID: 36986691 PMCID: PMC10054608 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15030830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Modified polymeric gels, including nanogels, which play not only the role of a bioinert matrix, but also perform regulatory, catalytic, and transport functions due to the active fragments introduced into them, can significantly advance the solution to the problem of targeted drug delivery in an organism. This will significantly reduce the toxicity of used pharmaceuticals and expand the range of their therapeutic, diagnostic, and medical application. This review presents a comparative description of gels based on synthetic and natural polymers intended for pharmaceutical-targeted drug delivery in the field of therapy of inflammatory and infectious diseases, dentistry, ophthalmology, oncology, dermatology, rheumatology, neurology, and the treatment of intestinal diseases. An analysis was made of most actual sources published for 2021–2022. The review is focused on the comparative characteristics of polymer gels in terms of their toxicity to cells and the release rate of drugs from nano-sized hydrogel systems, which are crucial initial features for their further possible application in mentioned areas of biomedicine. Different proposed mechanisms of drug release from gels depending on their structure, composition, and application are summarized and presented. The review may be useful for medical professionals, and pharmacologists dealing with the development of novel drug delivery vehicles.
Collapse
|
8
|
Fabrication of Stimuli-Responsive Quince/Mucin Co-Poly (Methacrylate) Hydrogel Matrices for the Controlled Delivery of Acyclovir Sodium: Design, Characterization and Toxicity Evaluation. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020650. [PMID: 36839971 PMCID: PMC9961270 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Free-radical polymerization technique was adopted to fabricate a stimuli-responsive intelligent quince/mucin co-poly (methacrylate) hydrogel for the controlled delivery of acyclovir sodium. The developed hydrogel matrices were appraised using different parameters, such as drug loading (%), swelling kinetics, pH- and electrolyte-responsive swelling, and sol-gel fraction. Drug-excipient compatibility study, scanning electron microscopy, thermal analysis, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) analysis, in vitro drug release studies, drug release kinetics and acute oral toxicity studies were conducted. The results of drug loading revealed an acyclovir sodium loading of 63-75% in different formulations. The hydrogel discs exhibited pH-responsive swelling behavior, showing maximum swelling in a phosphate buffer with a pH of 7.4, but negligible swelling was obvious in an acidic buffer with a pH of 1.2. The swelling kinetics of the developed hydrogel discs exhibited second-order kinetics. Moreover, the hydrogel discs responded to the concentration of electrolytes (CaCl2 and NaCl). The results of the FTIR confirm the formation of the hydrogel via free-radical polymerization. However, the major peaks of acyclovir remain intact, proving drug-excipient compatibility. The results of the SEM analysis reveal the porous, rough surface of the hydrogel discs with multiple cracks and pores over the surface. The results of the PXRD disclose the amorphous nature of the fabricated hydrogel. The dissolution studies showed a minor amount of acyclovir sodium released in an acidic environment, while an extended release up to 36 h in the phosphate buffer was observed. The drug release followed Hixen-Crowell's kinetics with Fickian diffusion mechanism. The toxicity studies demonstrated the non-toxic nature of the polymeric carrier system. Therefore, these results signify the quince/mucin co-poly (methacrylate) hydrogel as a smart material with the potential to deliver acyclovir into the intestine for an extended period of time.
Collapse
|
9
|
Ali A, Haseeb MT, Hussain MA, Tulain UR, Muhammad G, Azhar I, Hussain SZ, Hussain I, Ahmad N. A pH responsive and superporous biocomposite hydrogel of Salvia spinosa polysaccharide- co-methacrylic acid for intelligent drug delivery. RSC Adv 2023; 13:4932-4948. [PMID: 36762082 PMCID: PMC9906000 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra05240g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Herein, a drug delivery system (SSH-co-MAA) based on the mucilage from seeds of Salvia spinosa (SSH; polymer) and methacrylic acid (MAA; monomer) is introduced for the controlled delivery of venlafaxine HCl using a sustainable chemical approach. The optimized conditions for the designing of the ideal formulation (M4) of SSH-co-MAA were found to be 2.5% (w/w) of SSH, 30.0% (w/w) of MAA, 0.4% (w/w) of both N,N'-methylene-bis-acrylamide (MBA; cross-linker) and potassium persulfate (KPS; initiator). The structure characterization of SSH-co-MAA by Fourier transform infrared and solid-state CP/MAS 13C-NMR spectroscopy has confirmed the grafting of MAA onto SSH. The thermogravimetric analysis revealed that SSH-co-MAA is a stable entity before and after loading of the venlafaxine HCl-loaded SSH-co-MAA (VSSH-co-MAA). Scanning electron microscopy images of SSH-co-MAA after swelling then freeze drying showed the superporous nature of the hydrogel. The gel fraction (%) of SSH-co-MAA depended upon concentration of SSH, MAA, and MBA. The porosity (%) was increased with the increase in the concentration of SSH and decreased with the decrease in the concentration of MAA and MBA. The swelling indices, venlafaxine HCl loading, and release (24 h at the pH of the gastrointestinal tract) from VSSH-co-MAA were found to be dependent on the pH of the swelling media and the concentration of SSH, MAA, and MBA. The release of venlafaxine HCl followed non-Fickian diffusion mechanism. Conclusively, SSH-co-MAA is a novel material for potential application in targeted drug delivery applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Arshad Ali
- Institute of Chemistry, University of SargodhaSargodha 40100Pakistan
| | | | - Muhammad Ajaz Hussain
- Centre for Organic Chemistry, School of Chemistry, University of the Punjab Lahore 54590 Pakistan
| | - Ume Ruqia Tulain
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of SargodhaSargodha 40100Pakistan
| | | | - Irfan Azhar
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Southern University of Science and TechnologyShenzhen518055China
| | - Syed Zajif Hussain
- Department of Chemistry, SBA School of Science & Engineering, Lahore University of Management SciencesLahore Cantt. 54792Pakistan
| | - Irshad Hussain
- Department of Chemistry, SBA School of Science & Engineering, Lahore University of Management SciencesLahore Cantt. 54792Pakistan
| | - Naveed Ahmad
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Jouf University, AljoufSakaka 72388Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Masoumi B, Tabibiazar M, Golchinfar Z, Mohammadifar M, Hamishehkar H. A review of protein-phenolic acid interaction: reaction mechanisms and applications. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 64:3539-3555. [PMID: 36222353 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2132376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Phenolic acids (PA) are types of phytochemicals with health benefits. The interaction between proteins and PAs can cause minor or extensive changes in the structure of proteins and subsequently affect various protein properties. This study investigates the protein/PA (PPA) interaction and its effects on the structural, physicochemical, and functional properties of the system. This work particularly focused on the ability of PAs as a subgroup of phenolic compounds (PC) on the modification of proteins. Different aspects including the influence of structure affinity relationship and molecular weight of PA on the protein interaction have been discussed in this review. The physicochemical properties of PPA change mainly due to the change of hydrophilic/hydrophobic parts and/or the formation of some covalent and non-covalent interactions. Furthermore, PPA interactions affecting functional properties were discussed in separate sections. Due to insufficient studies on the interaction of PPAs, understanding the mechanism and also the type of binding between protein and PA can help to develop a new generation of PPA. These systems seem to have good capabilities in the formulation of low-fat foods like high internal Phase Emulsions, drug delivery systems, hydrogel structures, multifunctional fibers or packaging films, and 3 D printing in the meat processing industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Behzad Masoumi
- Student Research Committee, Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mahnaz Tabibiazar
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Zahra Golchinfar
- Student Research Committee, Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Science, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Mohammadamin Mohammadifar
- Research Group for Food Production Engineering, National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Hamed Hamishehkar
- Drug Applied Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Exploration of Site-Specific Drug Targeting—A Review on EPR-, Stimuli-, Chemical-, and Receptor-Based Approaches as Potential Drug Targeting Methods in Cancer Treatment. JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY 2022; 2022:9396760. [PMID: 36284633 PMCID: PMC9588330 DOI: 10.1155/2022/9396760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Cancer has been one of the most dominant causes of mortality globally over the last few decades. In cancer treatment, the selective targeting of tumor cells is indispensable, making it a better replacement for conventional chemotherapies by diminishing their adverse side effects. While designing a drug to be delivered selectively in the target organ, the drug development scientists should focus on various factors such as the type of cancer they are dealing with according to which drug, targeting moieties, and pharmaceutical carriers should be targeted. All published articles have been collected regarding cancer and drug-targeting approaches from well reputed databases including MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, CENTRAL and ClinicalTrials.gov, Science Direct, PubMed, Scopus, Wiley, and Springer. The articles published between January 2010 and December 2020 were considered. Due to the existence of various mechanisms, it is challenging to choose which one is appropriate for a specific case. Moreover, a combination of more than one approach is often utilized to achieve optimal drug effects. In this review, we have summarized and highlighted central mechanisms of how the targeted drug delivery system works in the specific diseased microenvironment, along with the strategies to make an approach more effective. We have also included some pictorial illustrations to have a precise idea about different types of drug targeting. The core contribution of this work includes providing a cancer drug development scientist with a broad preliminary idea to choose the appropriate approach among the various targeted drug delivery mechanisms. Also, the study will contribute to improving anticancer treatment approaches by providing a pathway for lesser side effects observed in conventional chemotherapeutic techniques.
Collapse
|