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Prajapati SK, Kumari N, Bhowmik D, Gupta R. Recent advancements in biomarkers, therapeutics, and associated challenges in acute myeloid leukemia. Ann Hematol 2024:10.1007/s00277-024-05963-x. [PMID: 39198271 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-024-05963-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/01/2024]
Abstract
Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a common type of leukemia that has a high mortality rate. The reasons for high mortality in patients with AML are therapeutic resistance, limited ability to predict duration of response, and likelihood of cancer relapse. Biomarkers, such as leukemic stem cell biomarkers, circulatory biomarkers, measurable residual disease biomarkers, and molecular biomarkers, are used for prognosis, diagnosis, and targeted killing to selectively eliminate AML cells. They also play an indispensable role in providing therapeutic resistance to patients with AML. Therefore, targeting these biomarkers will improve the outcome of AML patients. However, identifying biomarkers that can differentiate between treatment-responsive and non-responsive AML patients remains a challenge. This review discusses recent advancements in AML biomarkers, promising therapeutics, and associated challenges in the treatment of AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suresh Kumar Prajapati
- Research and Development Cell, Parul Institute of Applied Sciences, Parul University, Vadodara, 391760, India
| | - Neha Kumari
- Parul Institute of Applied Sciences, Parul University, Vadodara, 380060, India
| | - Doulat Bhowmik
- Parul Institute of Applied Sciences, Parul University, Vadodara, 380060, India
| | - Reeshu Gupta
- Research and Development Cell, Parul Institute of Applied Sciences, Parul University, Vadodara, 391760, India.
- Parul Institute of Applied Sciences, Parul University, Vadodara, 380060, India.
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Yu J, Wang X, Cheng S, Zeng X, Wan X, Wei S, Xu B, Luo H, Meng X. Design, synthesis and bioevaluation of novel prenylated chalcones derivatives as potential antitumor agents. Eur J Pharm Sci 2024; 192:106660. [PMID: 38052256 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2023.106660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023]
Abstract
A series of novel prenylated chalcone derivatives with broad spectrum anticancer potential were designed and synthesized. Some of the synthesized target compounds showed potent anti-proliferative activities toward LNCaP (prostate cancer cell line), K562 (human leukemia cells), A549 (human lung carcinoma cell line) and HeLa (cervical cancer cell line) cell lines. Among of the active compounds, (E)-1-(4-(2-(diethylamino)ethoxy)-2-hydroxy-6-methoxy-3-(3-methylbut-2-en-1-yl)phenyl)-3-(pyridin-3-yl)prop-2-en-1-one (C36) was directly interacted with protein kinase B (PKB), also known as AKT, significantly inhibited the pPI3K, pAKT(Ser473) protein levels to repress the growth of cancer cells by inducing apoptosis, arresting cell cycle. Our studies provide support for prenylated chalcone derivatives potential applications in cancer treatment as a potential AKT inhibitor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, China; Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, 550014, China
| | - Xia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, China; Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, 550014, China; Suiyang County Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Suiyang, 563300, China
| | - Sha Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, China; Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, 550014, China
| | - Xiaoping Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, China; Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, 550014, China
| | - Xinwei Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, China; Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, 550014, China
| | - Shinan Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, China; Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, 550014, China
| | - Bixue Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, China; Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, 550014, China
| | - Heng Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, China; Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, 550014, China.
| | - Xueling Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550014, China; Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang, 550014, China.
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Primavera E, Palazzotti D, Barreca ML, Astolfi A. Computer-Aided Identification of Kinase-Targeted Small Molecules for Cancer: A Review on AKT Protein. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:993. [PMID: 37513905 PMCID: PMC10384952 DOI: 10.3390/ph16070993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
AKT (also known as PKB) is a serine/threonine kinase that plays a pivotal regulatory role in the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Dysregulation of AKT activity, especially its hyperactivation, is closely associated with the development of various human cancers and resistance to chemotherapy. Over the years, a wide array of AKT inhibitors has been discovered through experimental and computational approaches. In this regard, herein we present a comprehensive overview of AKT inhibitors identified using computer-assisted drug design methodologies (including docking-based and pharmacophore-based virtual screening, machine learning, and quantitative structure-activity relationships) and successfully validated small molecules endowed with anticancer activity. Thus, this review provides valuable insights to support scientists focused on AKT inhibition for cancer treatment and suggests untapped directions for future computer-aided drug discovery efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erika Primavera
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, "Department of Excellence 2018-2022", University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Deborah Palazzotti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, "Department of Excellence 2018-2022", University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Maria Letizia Barreca
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, "Department of Excellence 2018-2022", University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy
| | - Andrea Astolfi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, "Department of Excellence 2018-2022", University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy
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Pappalardo XG, Risiglione P, Zinghirino F, Ostuni A, Luciano D, Bisaccia F, De Pinto V, Guarino F, Messina A. Human VDAC pseudogenes: an emerging role for VDAC1P8 pseudogene in acute myeloid leukemia. Biol Res 2023; 56:33. [PMID: 37344914 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-023-00446-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/23/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Voltage-dependent anion selective channels (VDACs) are the most abundant mitochondrial outer membrane proteins, encoded in mammals by three genes, VDAC1, 2 and 3, mostly ubiquitously expressed. As 'mitochondrial gatekeepers', VDACs control organelle and cell metabolism and are involved in many diseases. Despite the presence of numerous VDAC pseudogenes in the human genome, their significance and possible role in VDAC protein expression has not yet been considered. RESULTS We investigated the relevance of processed pseudogenes of human VDAC genes, both in physiological and in pathological contexts. Using high-throughput tools and querying many genomic and transcriptomic databases, we show that some VDAC pseudogenes are transcribed in specific tissues and pathological contexts. The obtained experimental data confirm an association of the VDAC1P8 pseudogene with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). CONCLUSIONS Our in-silico comparative analysis between the VDAC1 gene and its VDAC1P8 pseudogene, together with experimental data produced in AML cellular models, indicate a specific over-expression of the VDAC1P8 pseudogene in AML, correlated with a downregulation of the parental VDAC1 gene.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xena Giada Pappalardo
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 97, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Pierpaolo Risiglione
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 97, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Federica Zinghirino
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 97, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Angela Ostuni
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, 85100, Potenza, Italy
| | - Daniela Luciano
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 97, 95123, Catania, Italy
| | - Faustino Bisaccia
- Department of Sciences, University of Basilicata, 85100, Potenza, Italy
| | - Vito De Pinto
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 97, 95123, Catania, Italy
- we.MitoBiotech S.R.L, C.so Italia 172, 95125, Catania, Italy
- I.N.B.B, National Institute for Biostructures and Biosystems, Interuniversity Consortium, Catania, Italy
- Research Centre on Nutraceuticals and Health Products (CERNUT), University of Catania, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Francesca Guarino
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 97, 95123, Catania, Italy
- we.MitoBiotech S.R.L, C.so Italia 172, 95125, Catania, Italy
- I.N.B.B, National Institute for Biostructures and Biosystems, Interuniversity Consortium, Catania, Italy
- Research Centre on Nutraceuticals and Health Products (CERNUT), University of Catania, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Angela Messina
- we.MitoBiotech S.R.L, C.so Italia 172, 95125, Catania, Italy.
- I.N.B.B, National Institute for Biostructures and Biosystems, Interuniversity Consortium, Catania, Italy.
- Research Centre on Nutraceuticals and Health Products (CERNUT), University of Catania, 95125, Catania, Italy.
- Department of Biological, Geological and Environmental Sciences, University of Catania, Via Santa Sofia 97, 95123, Catania, Italy.
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