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Fu Q, Tian M, Yang Y, Zhu Y, Zhou H, Tan J, Wang J, Huang Q. Paotianxiong polysaccharides potential prebiotics: Structural analysis and prebiotic properties. Food Chem 2024; 451:139499. [PMID: 38703731 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Paotianxiong (PTX) is a processing product of Aconitum carmichaelii Debx., often used as a tonic food daily. However, the structure and activity of the polysaccharide component that plays a major role still need to be determined. In our work, two new polysaccharides were purified from PTX and named PTXP-1 and PTXP-2. Structural analysis showed that PTXP-1 is a glucan with a molecular weight of 915 Da and a structure of 4)-α-D-Glcp-(1 → as the main chain. PTXP-2 is a glucose arabinoglycan with 4)-α-D-Glcp-(1 → as the main chain, containing 8 glycosidic bonds attached, and a molecular weight of 57.9KDa. In vitro probiotic experiments demonstrated that PTXP-1 could significantly promote probiotic growth and acid production. In vivo experiments demonstrated that both PTXP-1 and PTXP-2 exhibited significant effectiveness in promoting the growth of intestinal probiotics. These findings help expand the application of polysaccharide components extracted from tonic herbs as functional food ingredients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinwen Fu
- State key laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Maoying Tian
- State key laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yu Yang
- State key laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- State key laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hailun Zhou
- State key laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jin Tan
- Gooddoctor Pharmaceutical Group Co., Ltd, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jin Wang
- State key laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; College of Ethnic Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
| | - Qinwan Huang
- State key laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China; College of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
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Manna S, Karmakar S, Sen O, Sinha P, Jana S, Jana S. Recent updates on guar gum derivatives in colon specific drug delivery. Carbohydr Polym 2024; 334:122009. [PMID: 38553200 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
Colon specific delivery of therapeutics have gained much attention of pharmaceutical researchers in the recent past. Colonic specific targeting of drugs is used not only for facilitating absorption of protein or peptide drugs, but also localization of therapeutic agents in colon to treat several colonic disorders. Among various biopolymers, guar gum (GG) exhibits pH dependent swelling, which allows colon specific release of drug. GG also shows microbial degradation in the colonic environment which makes it a suitable excipient for developing colon specific drug delivery systems. The uncontrolled swelling and hydration of GG can be controlled by structural modification or by grafting with another polymeric moiety. Several graft copolymerized guar gum derivatives are investigated for colon targeting of drugs. The efficacy of various guar gum derivatives are evaluated for colon specific delivery of drugs. The reviewed literature evidenced the potentiality of guar gum in localizing drugs in the colonic environment. This review focuses on the synthesis of several guar gum derivatives and their application in developing various colon specific drug delivery systems including matrix tablets, coated formulations, nano or microparticulate delivery systems and hydrogels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sreejan Manna
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Brainware University, Barasat, Kolkata, West Bengal 700125, India
| | - Sandip Karmakar
- Department of Pharmacy, Sanaka Educational Trust's Group of Institutions, Durgapur, West Bengal 713212, India
| | - Olivia Sen
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Brainware University, Barasat, Kolkata, West Bengal 700125, India
| | - Puspita Sinha
- Department of Chemistry, Indira Gandhi National Tribal University, Amarkantak, Madhya Pradesh 484887, India
| | - Subrata Jana
- Department of Chemistry, Indira Gandhi National Tribal University, Amarkantak, Madhya Pradesh 484887, India
| | - Sougata Jana
- Department of Health and Family Welfare, Directorate of Health Services, Kolkata-700091, West Bengal, India.
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Gunjal P, Vishwas S, Kumar R, Bashir B, Kumar B, Khurana N, Gulati M, Gupta G, Prasher P, Kumbhar P, Disouza J, Kuppusamy G, Mohammed Y, Dureja H, Dua K, Singh SK. Enhancing the oral bioavailability of fisetin: polysaccharide-based self nano-emulsifying spheroids for colon-targeted delivery. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2024:10.1007/s13346-024-01634-6. [PMID: 38789909 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-024-01634-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Fisetin (FS) is a flavonoid that possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties against ulcerative colitis. FS shows poor dissolution rate and permeability. An attempt has been made to develop colon-targeted solid self-nanoemulsifying drug delivery systems (S-SNEDDS) of FS. Initially, liquid (L) SNEDDS were prepared by loading FS into isotropic mixture of L-SNEDDS was prepared using Labrafil M 1944 CS, Transcutol P, and Tween 80. These L-SNEDDS were further converted into solid (S) SNEDDS by mixing the isotropic mixture with 1:1:1 ratio of guar gum (GG), xanthan gum (XG) and pectin (PC) [GG:XG:PC (1:1:1)]. Aerosil-200 (A-200) was added to enhance their flow characteristics. Further, they were converted into spheroids by extrusion-spheronization technique. The solid-state characterization of S-SNEDDS was done by SEM, DSC, and PXRD, which revealed that the crystalline form of FS was converted into the amorphous form. In the dissolution study, S-SNEDDS spheroids [GG:XG:PC (1:1:1)] exhibited less than 20% drug release within the first 5 h, followed by rapid release of the drug between the 5th and 10th h, indicating its release at colonic site. The site-specific delivery of FS to colon via FS-S-SNEDDS spheroids was confirmed by conducting pharmacokinetic studies on rats. Wherein, results showed delay in absorption of FS loaded in spheroids up to 5 h and achievement of Cmax at 7h, whereas L-SNEDDS showed rapid absorption of FS. Furthermore, FS-L-SNEDDS and FS-S-SNEDDS spheroids [GG:XG:PC (1:1:1)] increased oral bioavailability of FS by 6.86-fold and 4.44-fold, respectively, as compared to unprocessed FS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pradnya Gunjal
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Sukriti Vishwas
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Rajan Kumar
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Bushra Bashir
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Bimlesh Kumar
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Navneet Khurana
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
| | - Monica Gulati
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- Centre for Global Health Research, Saveetha Medical College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
- Centre of Medical and Bio-Allied Health Sciences Research, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates
| | - Parteek Prasher
- Department of Chemistry, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies, Energy Acres, Dehradun, 248007, India
| | - Popat Kumbhar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Tatyasaheb Kore College of Pharmacy, Warananagar, Tal: Panhala, Dist: Kolhapur, Maharashtra, 416113, India
| | - John Disouza
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Tatyasaheb Kore College of Pharmacy, Warananagar, Tal: Panhala, Dist: Kolhapur, Maharashtra, 416113, India
| | - Gowthamarajan Kuppusamy
- Department of Pharmaceutics, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Ooty, Nilgiris, India
| | - Yousuf Mohammed
- Faculty of Medicine, Frazer Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4102, Australia
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD, 4102, Australia
| | - Harish Dureja
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, 124001, India
| | - Kamal Dua
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab, India.
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, 2007, Australia.
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Bhardwaj K, Sharma A, Kumar R, Tyagi V, Kumar R. Improving Oral Bioavailability of Herbal Drugs: A Focused Review of Self-Emulsifying Drug Delivery System for Colon Cancer. Curr Drug Deliv 2024; 21:389-402. [PMID: 37151062 DOI: 10.2174/1567201820666230505113108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Revised: 03/19/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
One of the most frequent malignancies in the world is colon cancer. Both men and women are affected in the same way. The colon, which makes up the last part of the digestive system and is where water and minerals from food waste are absorbed, is vulnerable to cancer. The most suitable technique of drug administration is oral administration. Aqueous solubility is low in more than 40% of novel chemical entities, resulting in poor oral drug administration. In the formulation of oral medications, low inconsistent bioavailability is a major challenge. Increasing medication bioavailability is one of the most difficult aspects of pharmacological development. Self-nano-emulsifying drug delivery systems (SNEDDS) have been a potential platform for biopharmaceutical classification system class II and IV drugs for oral delivery. Enhanced bioavailability and solubility, control of toxicity, pharmacological effects, improved stability, improved tissue macrophage dispersion, prolonged delivery, and resistance to physical and chemical degradation are just a few benefits of SNEDDS for herbal drugs. To increase activity and address problems associated with herbal drugs, nanosized modern drug delivery technologies are expected to have a promising future. Improved patient compliance, fewer problems with liquid SNEDDS filled in capsules, and enhanced stability SNEDDS are all benefits of converting liquid SNEDDS to solid oral dosage forms or solid SNEDDS. SNEDDS differs from previous solubility augmentation methods due to its biodegradable components, simplicity of large-scale production, and range of drug-targeting possibilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khushboo Bhardwaj
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144402, India
| | - Arun Sharma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144402, India
| | - Rajan Kumar
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144402, India
| | - Varnit Tyagi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144402, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara, Punjab 144402, India
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Zhang Q, Fu H, Zhang Y, Li L, Yan G. Rapidly degradable konjac glucomannan hydrogels cross-linked with olsalazine for colonic drug release. Biomed Mater Eng 2024; 35:125-137. [PMID: 37718772 DOI: 10.3233/bme-230066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/19/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Polysaccharide hydrogel is one of the most important materials for the colon target drug release system. However, the degradation time of polysaccharide hydrogel is much longer than the retention time in the colon. The drugs are expelled from the body before being released. OBJECTIVE In order to match the degradation of drug carriers and their retention time in the colon, a rapidly degradable konjac glucomannan (KGM) hydrogel was designed for colon target drug release. METHODS A crosslinker containing azo bond, olsalazine, was used to prepare the rapidly degradable KGM hydrogel. The degradation and drug release of the hydrogels with different crosslinking densities in the normal buffer and the human fecal medium were studied to evaluate the efficiency of colon drug release. RESULTS More than 50% of the KGM hydrogel by weight was degraded and more than 60% of the 5-fluorouracil (5-Fu) was released within 48 h in 5% w/v human fecal medium. CONCLUSION The drug was released more rapidly in a simulated colon environment than in a normal buffer. Furthermore, the drug release was controlled by the degradation of the hydrogel. The KGM hydrogel containing azo crosslinker has great potential for colon drug release.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Huili Fu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Yunfei Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Liang Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, China
| | - Guoping Yan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, China
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Stasiłowicz-Krzemień A, Cielecka-Piontek J. Hop Flower Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extracts Coupled with Carriers with Solubilizing Properties-Antioxidant Activity and Neuroprotective Potential. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1722. [PMID: 37760025 PMCID: PMC10525257 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12091722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Lupuli flos shows many biological activities like antioxidant potential, extended by a targeted effect on selected enzymes, the expression of which is characteristic for neurodegenerative changes within the nervous system. Lupuli flos extracts (LFE) were prepared by supercritical carbon dioxide (scCO2) extraction with various pressure and temperature parameters. The antioxidant, chelating activity, and inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), and tyrosinase by extracts were studied. The extracts containing ethanol were used as references. The most beneficial neuroprotective effects were shown by the extract obtained under 5000 PSI and 50 °C. The neuroprotective effect of active compounds is limited by poor solubility; therefore, carriers with solubilizing properties were used for scCO2 extracts, combined with post-scCO2 ethanol extract. Hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) in combination with magnesium aluminometasilicate (Neusilin US2) in the ratio 1:0.5 improved dissolution profiles to the greatest extent, while the apparent permeability coefficients of these compounds determined using the parallel artificial membrane permeability assay in the gastrointestinal (PAMPA GIT) model were increased the most by only HP-β-CD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Stasiłowicz-Krzemień
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Biomaterials, Faculty of Pharmacy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3, 60-806 Poznan, Poland
| | - Judyta Cielecka-Piontek
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Biomaterials, Faculty of Pharmacy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3, 60-806 Poznan, Poland
- Department of Pharmacology and Phytochemistry, Institute of Natural Fibres and Medicinal Plants, Wojska Polskiego 71b, 60-630 Poznan, Poland
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Azehaf H, Benzine Y, Tagzirt M, Skiba M, Karrout Y. Microbiota-sensitive drug delivery systems based on natural polysaccharides for colon targeting. Drug Discov Today 2023; 28:103606. [PMID: 37146964 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2023.103606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Colon targeting is an ongoing challenge, particularly for the oral administration of biological drugs or local treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). In both cases, drugs are known to be sensitive to the harsh conditions of the upper gastrointestinal tract (GIT) and, thus, must be protected. Here, we provide an overview of recently developed colonic site-specific drug delivery systems based on microbiota sensitivity of natural polysaccharides. Polysaccharides act as a substrate for enzymes secreted by the microbiota located in the distal part of GIT. The dosage form is adapted to the pathophysiology of the patient and, thus, a combination of bacteria-sensitive and time-controlled release or pH-dependent systems can be used for delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hajar Azehaf
- University of Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1008, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Youcef Benzine
- University of Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1008, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - M Tagzirt
- University of Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1011, Institut Pasteur de Lille, U1011-EGID, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - M Skiba
- University of Rouen, Galenic Pharmaceutical Team, INSERM U1239, UFR of Health, 22 Boulevard Gambetta, 76000 Rouen, France
| | - Youness Karrout
- University of Lille, Inserm, CHU Lille, U1008, F-59000 Lille, France.
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Quality by design-oriented formulation optimization and characterization of guar gum-pectin based oral colon targeted liquisolid formulation of xanthohumol. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2023.104350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
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