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Lyu Y, Yang X, Yang L, Dai J, Qin H, Zhou Y, Huang Y, Wang Y, Wu D, Shuai Q, Li Q, Xin X, Yin L. Lipid nanoparticle-mediated hepatocyte delivery of siRNA and silibinin in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease. J Control Release 2024; 373:385-398. [PMID: 38972640 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.07.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/04/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
Lipid nanoparticle-mediated co-delivery of siRNA and small molecule holds a great potential to treat metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). However, targeted delivery of therapeutics to hepatocytes remains challenging. Taking the advantage of rising low density lipoprotein receptor/very-low density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR/VLDR) levels in MASLD, the biological fate of dinonylamine-ethylene glycol chlorophosphate-1-nonanol (DNNA-COP-NA) based lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) was oriented to liver tissues via apolipoprotein E (ApoE)-LDLR/VLDLR pathway. We then adopted a three-round screening strategy to optimize the formulation with both high potency and selectivity to deliver siRNA-HIF-1α (siHIF1α) and silibinin (SLB) payloads to hepatocytes. The optimized SLB/siHIF1α-LNPs mediates great siRNA delivery and transfection of hepatocytes. In high fat diet (HFD)- and carbon tetrachloride (CCl4)-induced mouse models of MASLD, SLB/siHIF1α-LNPs enabled the silencing of hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α), a therapeutic target primarily expressed by hepatocytes, leading to significantly reduced inflammation and liver fibrosis synergized with SLB. Moreover, it is demonstrated the hepatocyte-targeting delivery of SLB/siHIF1α-LNPs has the potential to restore the immune homeostasis by modulating the population of Tregs and cytotoxic T cells in spleen. This proof-of-concept study enable siRNA and small molecule co-delivery to hepatocytes through intrinsic variation of targeting receptors for MASLD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifu Lyu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiuyi Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lei Yang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinyu Dai
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Huanyu Qin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yunuo Zhou
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yunan Huang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yanmei Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Di Wu
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qindai Shuai
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Qilong Li
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiaofei Xin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Lifang Yin
- Department of Pharmaceutics, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China; NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Pharmaceutical Preparations and Excipients, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China; Key Laboratory of Drug Quality Control and Pharmacovigilance, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.
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Armani S, Geier A, Forst T, Merle U, Alpers DH, Lunnon MW. Effect of changes in metabolic enzymes and transporters on drug metabolism in the context of liver disease: Impact on pharmacokinetics and drug-drug interactions. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2023. [PMID: 38148609 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.15990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Changes in the pharmacokinetic and resulting pharmacodynamic properties of drugs are common in many chronic liver diseases, leading to adverse effects, drug interactions and increased risk of over- or underdosing of medications. Structural and functional hepatic impairment can have major effects on drug metabolism and transport. This review summarizes research on the functional changes in phase I and II metabolic enzymes and in transport proteins in patients with metabolic diseases such as type 2 diabetes, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatohepatitis and cirrhosis, providing a clinical perspective on how these changes affect drug uptake and metabolism. Generally, a decrease in expression and/or activity of many enzymes of the cytochrome P450 family (e.g. CYP2E1 and CYP3A4), and of influx and efflux transporters (e.g. organic anion-transporting polypeptide [OATP]1B1, OATP2B1, OAT2 and bile salt export pump), has been recently documented in patients with liver disease. Decreased enzyme levels often correlate with increased severity of chronic liver disease. In subjects with hepatic impairment, there is potential for strong alterations of drug pharmacokinetics due to reduced absorption, increased volume of distribution, metabolism and extraction. Due to the altered pharmacokinetics, specific drug-drug interactions are also a potential issue to consider in patients with liver disease. Given the huge burden of liver disease in western societies, there is a need to improve awareness among all healthcare professionals and patients with liver disease to ensure appropriate drug prescriptions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Armani
- CRS Clinical Research Services, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Andreas Geier
- Department of Internal Medicine and Hepatology, University Hospital, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Thomas Forst
- CRS Clinical Research Services, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Uta Merle
- Department of Internal Medicine IV, University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - David H Alpers
- Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
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Li M, Li P, Ji Y, Tian Y, Zeng H, Chen X. Precolumn derivatization LC-MS/MS method to simultaneous quantitation of 10 monosaccharides in rat plasma. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2023; 234:115537. [PMID: 37348365 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2023.115537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/24/2023]
Abstract
Monosaccharides are essential for maintaining the normal physiological functions of living organisms. Under disease states, metabolic disorders in vivo will inevitably affect the levels of monosaccharides, which brings the possibility of monosaccharides as a biomarker of some diseases. In this study, a method was developed and validated for simultaneously determining 10 monosaccharides (glucose, galactose, mannose, rhamnose, fucose, xylose, iduronic acid, glucuronic acid, N-acetylgalactosamine and N-acetylglucosamine) in SD rat plasma using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. The method employed 1-phenyl-3-methyl-5-pyrazolone (PMP) as a derivatization reagent, considerably improved the chromatographic retention and ionization efficiency of monosaccharides. After protein precipitation of plasma samples, monosaccharides and isotope internal standards were derivatized and liquid-liquid extraction was performed to remove excess PMP. To achieve the baseline separation of several isomers, the resulting derivatives were chromatographed on a Bridged ethyl hybrid (BEH) Phenyl column using gradient elution with a total run time of 8 min. The method was linear within the range of 0.0100-5.00 μg/mL for rhamnose, 0.0500-25.0 μg/mL for fucose, xylose, iduronic acid, glucuronic acid, N-acetylgalactosamine and N-acetylglucosamine, 1.00-500 μg/mL for galactose, 10.0-5000 μg/mL for mannose, and 50.0-25,000 μg/mL for glucose. And the accuracy and precision verification of surrogate matrix samples and plasma samples met the required criteria. The method has been used successfully to study the effect of hepatic insufficiency on monosaccharide levels in rats. It was found that the concentration of glucuronic acid in SD rat plasma was abnormally increased in rats with liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengxue Li
- School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, No.1 Campus Road, Xinpu New District, Zunyi 563000, PR China; Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Chinese Academy of Sciences, SSIP Healthcare and Medicine Demonstration Zone, Zhongshan Tsuihang New District, Zhongshan 528437, PR China
| | - Ping Li
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Chinese Academy of Sciences, SSIP Healthcare and Medicine Demonstration Zone, Zhongshan Tsuihang New District, Zhongshan 528437, PR China
| | - Yuting Ji
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Chinese Academy of Sciences, SSIP Healthcare and Medicine Demonstration Zone, Zhongshan Tsuihang New District, Zhongshan 528437, PR China
| | - Yihua Tian
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Chinese Academy of Sciences, SSIP Healthcare and Medicine Demonstration Zone, Zhongshan Tsuihang New District, Zhongshan 528437, PR China
| | - Huiying Zeng
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Chinese Academy of Sciences, SSIP Healthcare and Medicine Demonstration Zone, Zhongshan Tsuihang New District, Zhongshan 528437, PR China
| | - Xiaoyan Chen
- Zhongshan Institute for Drug Discovery, Chinese Academy of Sciences, SSIP Healthcare and Medicine Demonstration Zone, Zhongshan Tsuihang New District, Zhongshan 528437, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 501 Haike Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China.
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