The Effect of Javanese Language Videos with a Community Based Interactive Approach Method as an Educational Instrument for Knowledge, Perception, and Adherence amongst Tuberculosis Patients

Effectiveness of Video-Observed Therapy in Tuberculosis Management: A Systematic Review

This systematic review aimed to assess the association between video-observed therapy (VOT) and treatment adherence among TB patients and the benefits and limitations of this treatment modality. The systematic review used the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) flow guideline. Multiple databases including Cochrane, Lilacs, PubMed, Scopus, Lancet, Google Scholar, Science Direct, Directory of Open Access Journal (DOAJ), and BMC were employed to identify relevant articles published between 2012 and 2024. All data were extracted using a standardized data extraction form and both narrative and quantitative approaches were used to present the review outcomes and available evidence. Twenty-nine articles were included in the final analysis, with most using a prospective cohort (n = 10) research design. Treatment adherence rates were relatively higher in TB patients managed using VOT relative to those subjected to direct-observed therapies (DOTs). Likewise, using the VOT approach in most interventional studies lacking a control group depicted higher treatment adherence rates post-intervention. Although asynchronous VOT was used in most studies compared to the synchronous approach, the treatment adherence level was not significantly different between the two methods of VOT delivery. The predominant benefits of VOT include time-saving, cost-effectiveness, flexibility, and fewer self-reported side effects, whereas the main limitation was the privacy of patients' data and information. Video-directly observed therapy (VDOT) is a promising approach for TB treatment with the capacity to improve adherence to medication regimes and reduce the cost of treatment, stigmatization, and burden on healthcare providers.

Effects of instructional video and community radio broadcasting interventions to improve knowledge and behavior of antibiotic use in the COVID-19 era

BACKGROUND

Antibiotic overuse is a serious health issue. It has been demonstrated that improper antibiotic use is linked to a lack of knowledge in the public. To encourage judicious antibiotic use in the COVID-19 ERA, it is critical to provide accessible and secure therapies.

OBJECTIVES

This study aimed to assess the effects of instructional video and community radio broadcasting interventions on knowledge and behavior of antibiotic use.

METHODS

Adults over the age of 20 were enrolled in a quasi-experimental study. A total of 369 representatives were divided into two groups: 185 participants in the control group and 184 participants in the intervention group. Data were collected twice, before and after the educational program by community health workers. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used to analyze the data.

RESULTS

The participants' average age was 56.4 ± 0.6 years. Most of the respondents were female (264, 71.5%) and had only received an elementary education (186, 50.4%). A mean difference score was produced for the control and intervention groups. Both groups experienced a statistically significant gain in mean difference score of knowledge following the educational program (3.42 ± 4.18, [95% CI 2.81-4.02] vs 5.42 ± 4.97, [95% CI 4.69-6.14]) (P < 0.001). A mean difference score was produced with behavior (1.78 ± 3.45, [95% CI 1.28-2.28] vs 2.77 ± 3.06, [95% CI 2.28-3.27]) (P < 0.001). A mean difference in knowledge score between the groups was greater, with the intervention group scoring higher; all significant variables were controlled by multivariable regression analysis (1.31 [95% CI 0.53-2.09]) (P = 0.001). Similarly, a mean difference behavior score (1.34 [95% CI 0.82-1.86]) (P < 0.001).

CONCLUSION

The integration of an educational poster, instructional video, and community radio broadcasting interventions about antibiotic use through CHWs in local communities is beneficial. This program should be implemented at the national level to promote rational drug use. Future studies should investigate how the educational program affects antibiotic use rates in the long term.

Educational Video Improves Knowledge about Outpatients' Usage of Antibiotics in Two Public Hospitals in Indonesia

The inappropriate use or misuse of antibiotics, particularly by outpatients, increases antibiotic resistance. A lack of public knowledge about "Responsible use of antibiotics" and "How to obtain antibiotics" is a major cause of this. This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of an educational video about antibiotics and antibiotic use to increase outpatients' knowledge shown in two public hospitals in East Java, Indonesia. A quasi-experimental research setting was used with a one-group pre-test-post-test design, carried out from November 2018 to January 2019. The study population consisted of outpatients to whom antibiotics were prescribed. Participants were selected using a purposive sampling technique; 98 outpatients at MZ General Hospital in the S regency and 96 at SG General Hospital in the L regency were included. A questionnaire was used to measure the respondents' knowledge, and consisted of five domains, i.e., the definition of infections and antibiotics, obtaining the antibiotics, directions for use, storage instructions, and antibiotic resistance. The knowledge test score was the total score of the Guttman scale (a dichotomous "yes" or "no" answer). To determine the significance of the difference in knowledge before and after providing the educational video and in the knowledge score between hospitals, the (paired) Student's t-test was applied. The educational videos significantly improved outpatients' knowledge, which increased by 41% in MZ General Hospital, and by 42% in SG General Hospital. It was concluded that an educational video provides a useful method to improve the knowledge of the outpatients regarding antibiotics.