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Kitagishi K, Kawai T, Tonouchi M, Serita K. An innovative detection technique for capillary electrophoresis: Localized terahertz emission-time domain spectroscopy. J Chromatogr A 2023; 1710:464384. [PMID: 37801940 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2023.464384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/08/2023]
Abstract
Terahertz (THz) time-domain spectroscopy (TDS) is a recently emerging analysis method which can provide unique information on molecular vibration and rotation induced by inter/intra-molecular interactions. Although the application of THz-TDS to high-performance microscale separation methods like capillary electrophoresis (CE) has been anticipated, it has been hindered due to the diffraction limit of THz wave (typically, hundreds µm). In order to realize CE-THz-TDS, in this study, we placed a narrow open-tubular capillary on the surface of a GaAs semiconductor substrate as a "localized" THz-emitter. By focusing femtosecond pulsed laser beams at the surface of a gallium arsenide (GaAs) substrate closest to the capillary, THz waves were locally generated to pass through the capillary, so that THz absorbance spectra were obtained from the capillary which has narrower inner diameter than the diffraction limit. As a typical result from acetic acid analysis in the CE-THz-TDS platform, information on the refractive index and extinction coefficient was obtained, which showed non-linear and linear concentration dependence, respectively, similar to conventional THz-TDS using large liquid cells. Finally, CE-THz-TDS analysis of several carboxylic acids was demonstrated. Two acids were successfully separated and detected with THz-TDS, where their electrophoretic mobility values were estimated as close to those obtained with conventional contactless conductivity detection. Our proposed CE-THz-TDS showed the potential for the systematic analysis of inter/intra-molecular weak interactions like hydrogen bonds, which are unable to obtain with conventional detectors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Keiko Kitagishi
- Terahertz Photonics (THP) Group, Photon Beam Science Research Division, Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0971, Japan.
| | - Takayuki Kawai
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; RIKEN Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, Suita, Osaka 565-0874, Japan
| | - Masayoshi Tonouchi
- Terahertz Photonics (THP) Group, Photon Beam Science Research Division, Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0971, Japan
| | - Kazunori Serita
- Terahertz Photonics (THP) Group, Photon Beam Science Research Division, Institute of Laser Engineering, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka 565-0971, Japan
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Han J, Jeon S, Kim MK, Jeong W, Yoo JJ, Kang HW. In vitrobreast cancer model with patient-specific morphological features for personalized medicine. Biofabrication 2022; 14. [PMID: 35334470 DOI: 10.1088/1758-5090/ac6127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
In vitro cancer models that can simulate patient-specific drug responses for personalized medicine have attracted significant attention. However, the technologies used to produce such models can only recapitulate the morphological heterogeneity of human cancer tissue. Here, we developed a novel 3D technique to bioprint an in vitro breast cancer model with patient-specific morphological features. This model can precisely mimic the cellular microstructures of heterogeneous cancer tissues and produce drug responses similar to those of human cancers. We established a bioprinting process for generating cancer cell aggregates with ductal and solid tissue microstructures that reflected the morphology of breast cancer tissues, and applied it to develop breast cancer models. The genotypic and phenotypic characteristics of the ductal and solid cancer aggregates bioprinted with human breast cancer cells (MCF7, SKBR3, MDA-MB-231) were respectively similar to those of early and advanced cancers. The bioprinted solid cancer cell aggregates showed significantly higher hypoxia (>8 times) and mesenchymal (>2-4 times) marker expressions, invasion activity (>15 times), and drug resistance than the bioprinted ductal aggregates. Co-printing the ductal and solid aggregates produced heterogeneous breast cancer tissue models that recapitulated three different stages of breast cancer tissue morphology. The bioprinted cancer tissue models representing advanced cancer were more and less resistant, respectively, to the anthracycline antibiotic doxorubicin and the hypoxia-activated prodrug tirapazamine; these were analogous to the results in human cancer. The present findings showed that cancer cell aggregates can mimic the pathological micromorphology of human breast cancer tissue and they can be bioprinted to produce breast cancer tissue in vitro that can morphologically represent the clinical stage of cancer in individual patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonghyeuk Han
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, 50, UNIST-gil, Ulsan, Ulsan, 44919, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Seunggyu Jeon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, 50, UNIST-gil, Ulsan, Ulsan, 44919, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Min Kyeong Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, 50, UNIST-gil, Ulsan, Ulsan, 44919, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - Wonwoo Jeong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, 50, UNIST-gil, Ulsan, Ulsan, 44919, Korea (the Republic of)
| | - James J Yoo
- Regenerative Medicine, Wake Forest University, Medical Center Boulevard, NC 27157-1093, USA, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, 27109, UNITED STATES
| | - Hyun-Wook Kang
- School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, 50, UNIST-gil, Ulsan, 44919, Korea (the Republic of)
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A Versatile Terahertz Chemical Microscope and Its Application for the Detection of Histamine. PHOTONICS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/photonics9010026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Terahertz waves have gained increasingly more attention because of their unique characteristics and great potential in a variety of fields. In this study, we introduced the recent progress of our versatile terahertz chemical microscope (TCM) in the detection of small biomolecules, ions, cancer cells, and antibody–antigen immunoassaying. We highlight the advantages of our TCM for chemical sensing and biosensing, such as label-free, high-sensitivity, rapid response, non-pretreatment, and minute amount sample consumption, compared with conventional methods. Furthermore, we demonstrated its new application in detection of allergic-related histamine at low concentration in buffer solutions.
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