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Kefelegn H, Meressa BH, Yon S, Couvreur M, Wesemael WML, Teklu MG, Bert W. First Reports and Morphological and Molecular Characterization of Pratylenchus delattrei and Quinisulcius capitatus Associated with Chickpea in Ethiopia. J Nematol 2023; 55:20230027. [PMID: 37313350 PMCID: PMC10258564 DOI: 10.2478/jofnem-2023-0027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) is classed among the most important leguminous crops of high economic value in Ethiopia. Two plant-parasitic nematode species, Pratylenchus delattrei and Quinisulcius capitatus, were recovered from chickpea-growing areas in Ethiopia and characterized using molecular and morphological data, including the first scanning electron microscopy data for P. delattrei. New sequences of D2-D3 of 28S, ITS rDNA and mtDNA COI genes have been obtained from these species, providing the first COI sequences for P. delattrei and Q. capitatus, with both species being found for the first time on chickpea in Ethiopia. Furthermore, Pratylenchus delattrei was recovered in Ethiopia for the first time. The information obtained about these nematodes will be crucial to developing effective nematode management plans for future chickpea production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Habtamu Kefelegn
- Nematology Research Unit, Department of Biology, Ghent University, Campus Ledeganck, Ledeganckstraat 35, B-9000Ghent, Belgium
- College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Jimma University, P.O. Box, 307, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Beira Hailu Meressa
- College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Jimma University, P.O. Box, 307, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Sunheng Yon
- Nematology Research Unit, Department of Biology, Ghent University, Campus Ledeganck, Ledeganckstraat 35, B-9000Ghent, Belgium
| | - Marjolein Couvreur
- Nematology Research Unit, Department of Biology, Ghent University, Campus Ledeganck, Ledeganckstraat 35, B-9000Ghent, Belgium
| | - Wim M. L. Wesemael
- Flanders Research Institute for Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (ILVO), Burg Van Gansberghelaan 96, B-9820Merelbeke, Belgium
- Laboratory for Agrozoology, Department of Plants and Crops, Ghent University, Coupure links 653, B-9000Ghent, Belgium
| | - Misghina G. Teklu
- Plant Research, Plant Sciences Group, Wageningen University and Research Centre, P.O. Box 16, 6700AA Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Wim Bert
- Nematology Research Unit, Department of Biology, Ghent University, Campus Ledeganck, Ledeganckstraat 35, B-9000Ghent, Belgium
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Pratylenchus Araucensis (Rhabditida: Pratylenchidae) a Widely Distributed Nematode in Musa Spp. from Colombia. J Nematol 2023; 54:20220057. [PMID: 36742266 PMCID: PMC9871600 DOI: 10.2478/jofnem-2022-0057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Pratylenchus is one of the most limiting nematodes of Musaceae production in the world. Knowledge of the nematode species is one of the requirements for its management in the field. This study aimed to identify up to the species level Pratylenchus populations associated with plantain and banana crops in the states of Caldas, Quindío, and Valle del Cauca in Colombia. In these regions, Pratylenchus has been reported to affect these crops in the past, but with records of the nematode only up to the genus level. For this purpose, five populations of Pratylenchus extracted from samples composed of roots and rhizospheric soil, four from plantain and one from banana, were identified through morphological, morphometric, and molecular analysis (sequencing of the D2-D3 of rRNA and cytochrome oxidase subunit I of mtDNA). All populations were identified as P. araucensis, a species reported previously in eastern Colombia, and one that the present study found in the center and southwest of the country, indicating that this species of nematode is widely distributed in the Musaceae-producing areas of Colombia. The present study reports the first COI mtDNA sequences for this species of nematode.
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Pires D, Vicente CSL, Menéndez E, Faria JMS, Rusinque L, Camacho MJ, Inácio ML. The Fight against Plant-Parasitic Nematodes: Current Status of Bacterial and Fungal Biocontrol Agents. Pathogens 2022; 11:1178. [PMID: 36297235 PMCID: PMC9606992 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11101178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs) are among the most notorious and underrated threats to food security and plant health worldwide, compromising crop yields and causing billions of dollars of losses annually. Chemical control strategies rely heavily on synthetic chemical nematicides to reduce PPN population densities, but their use is being progressively restricted due to environmental and human health concerns, so alternative control methods are urgently needed. Here, we review the potential of bacterial and fungal agents to suppress the most important PPNs, namely Aphelenchoides besseyi, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, Ditylenchus dipsaci, Globodera spp., Heterodera spp., Meloidogyne spp., Nacobbus aberrans, Pratylenchus spp., Radopholus similis, Rotylenchulus reniformis, and Xiphinema index.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Pires
- Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária (INIAV, I.P.), Av. da República, 2780-159 Oeiras, Portugal
- Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development (MED) & Global Change and Sustainability Institute (CHANGE), Institute for Advanced Studies and Research, University of Évora, Pólo da Mitra, Apartado 94, 7006-554 Évora, Portugal
| | - Cláudia S. L. Vicente
- Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária (INIAV, I.P.), Av. da República, 2780-159 Oeiras, Portugal
- Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development (MED) & Global Change and Sustainability Institute (CHANGE), Institute for Advanced Studies and Research, University of Évora, Pólo da Mitra, Apartado 94, 7006-554 Évora, Portugal
| | - Esther Menéndez
- Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development (MED) & Global Change and Sustainability Institute (CHANGE), Institute for Advanced Studies and Research, University of Évora, Pólo da Mitra, Apartado 94, 7006-554 Évora, Portugal
- Department of Microbiology and Genetics, Institute for Agribiotechnology Research (CIALE), Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
| | - Jorge M. S. Faria
- Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária (INIAV, I.P.), Av. da República, 2780-159 Oeiras, Portugal
- Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development (MED) & Global Change and Sustainability Institute (CHANGE), Institute for Advanced Studies and Research, University of Évora, Pólo da Mitra, Apartado 94, 7006-554 Évora, Portugal
| | - Leidy Rusinque
- Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária (INIAV, I.P.), Av. da República, 2780-159 Oeiras, Portugal
| | - Maria J. Camacho
- Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária (INIAV, I.P.), Av. da República, 2780-159 Oeiras, Portugal
- Mediterranean Institute for Agriculture, Environment and Development (MED) & Global Change and Sustainability Institute (CHANGE), Institute for Advanced Studies and Research, University of Évora, Pólo da Mitra, Apartado 94, 7006-554 Évora, Portugal
| | - Maria L. Inácio
- Instituto Nacional de Investigação Agrária e Veterinária (INIAV, I.P.), Av. da República, 2780-159 Oeiras, Portugal
- GREEN-IT Bioresources for Sustainability, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica, Universidade Nova de Lisboa (ITQB NOVA), Av. da República, 2780-157 Oeiras, Portugal
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Chowdhury IA, Yan G, Kandel H, Plaisance A. Population Development of the Root-Lesion Nematode Pratylenchus dakotaensis on Soybean Cultivars. PLANT DISEASE 2022; 106:2117-2126. [PMID: 35147453 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-11-21-2444-re] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Two greenhouse experiments were conducted with the new species of root-lesion nematode, Pratylenchus dakotaensis, discovered in North Dakota, USA in 2017 and named in 2021. Experiment 1 was conducted to ascertain resistance levels of soybean (Glycine max [L.] Merr.) cultivars to the new species P. dakotaensis and Experiment 2 was conducted to evaluate the population levels of P. dakotaensis in roots versus soil. A total of 20 soybean cultivars, and the positive control, cultivar Barnes, accompanying a nonplanted control, were evaluated in both experiments; they each had five replicates and the experiments were repeated. Among the 20 soybean cultivars evaluated, a cultivar with the ID# 13 consistently produced the greatest population densities of P. dakotaensis across all the experiments and therefore it was selected as the susceptible check. The ratio of the final nematode population density of a test cultivar relative to the final population density of the susceptible check was used to scale resistance rating. Combined results of all the trials indicated that seven of the cultivars were moderately resistant, nine of the cultivars plus 'Barnes' were moderately susceptible, and four of the cultivars were susceptible. However, none of the cultivars tested were classified as resistant. Analysis of P. dakotaensis population levels revealed that ≥50% of the population resided in the root habitat and the remaining nematodes were recovered from soil at 9 weeks after planting for a majority of the cultivars tested. These results provide an insight into the virulence of P. dakotaensis on commercial soybean cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Guiping Yan
- Department of Plant Pathology, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108
| | - Hans Kandel
- Department of Plant Sciences, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108
| | - Addison Plaisance
- Department of Plant Pathology, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108
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Powers T, Todd T, Harris T, Higgins R, MacGuidwin A, Mullin P, Ozbayrak M, Powers K, Sakai K. Pratylenchus smoliki, a new nematode species (Pratylenchidae: Tylenchomorpha) from the Great Plains region of North America. J Nematol 2021; 53:e2021-100. [PMID: 34901874 PMCID: PMC8662978 DOI: 10.21307/jofnem-2021-100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Pratylenchus smoliki is a new species of root-lesion nematode described from corn-soybean production fields in the Central Great Plains of North America. It is characterized by populations with relatively abundant males, two lip annuli, females with a round functional spermatheca and a conoid to subcylindrical tail with a non-crenate, smooth terminus. In host preference tests, corn and wheat produce the largest nematode populations, whereas sorghum and soybeans produce less than 20% the numbers observed on corn. Scanning electron microscopy reveals that the en face patterns compare to those seen in Pratylenchus pseudocoffeae, P. scribneri, P. hexincisus, and P. alleni. The pattern is described as rectangular to trapezoidal subdorsal and subventral lips adjoining oral disc, but with a clear demarcation between the oral disc and the subdorsal and subventral sectors. A Maximum Likelihood COI tree recognizes P. smoliki as a moderately-well-supported clade with several haplotype subgroups. A Maximum Likelihood partial 28S tree provides strong support for the P. smoliki clade and reinforces the close relationships between species with similar en face patterns. Topotype specimens of P. alleni were demonstrably different from P. smoliki using DNA markers. The geographic range of P. smoliki overlaps with the ranges of P. alleni, P. scribneri, P. neglectus, P. hexicisus, and P. dakotaensis. The observed host range (corn, rye, sunflower, and wheat) suggests that P. smoliki may be native to the tallgrass prairie region of the Great Plains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Powers
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583-0722
| | - Timothy Todd
- Department of Plant Pathology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506
| | - Tim Harris
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583-0722
| | - Rebecca Higgins
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583-0722
| | - Ann MacGuidwin
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison WI
| | - Peter Mullin
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583-0722
| | - Mehmet Ozbayrak
- Department of Entomology, Bornova Plant Protection Research Institute, 35040 Bornova/Izmir, Turkey
| | - Kirsten Powers
- Department of Plant Pathology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68583-0722
| | - Kanan Sakai
- International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Nairobi 00100, Kenya
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Chowdhury IA, Yan G. Development of Real-Time and Conventional PCR Assays for Identifying a Newly Named Species of Root-Lesion Nematode ( Pratylenchus dakotaensis) on Soybean. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:5872. [PMID: 34070906 PMCID: PMC8197872 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A rapid and accurate PCR-based method was developed in this study for detecting and identifying a new species of root-lesion nematode (Pratylenchus dakotaensis) recently discovered in a soybean field in North Dakota, USA. Species-specific primers, targeting the internal transcribed spacer region of ribosomal DNA, were designed to be used in both conventional and quantitative real-time PCR assays for identification of P.dakotaensis. The specificity of the primers was evaluated in silico analysis and laboratory PCR experiments. Results showed that only P.dakotaensis DNA was exclusively amplified in conventional and real-time PCR assays but none of the DNA from other control species were amplified. Detection sensitivity analysis revealed that the conventional PCR was able to detect an equivalent to 1/8 of the DNA of a single nematode whereas real-time PCR detected an equivalent to 1/32 of the DNA of a single nematode. According to the generated standard curve the amplification efficiency of the primers in real-time PCR was 94% with a R2 value of 0.95 between quantification cycle number and log number of P.dakotaensis. To validate the assays to distinguish P.dakotaensis from other Pratylenchus spp. commonly detected in North Dakota soybean fields, 20 soil samples collected from seven counties were tested. The PCR assays amplified the DNA of P.dakotaensis and discriminated it from other Pratylenchus spp. present in North Dakota soybean fields. This is the first report of a species-specific and rapid PCR detection method suitable for use in diagnostic and research laboratories for the detection of P.dakotaensis.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Guiping Yan
- Department of Plant Pathology, North Dakota State University, Fargo, ND 58108, USA;
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