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Xu J, Xia Y, Shi Y, Zhu M, Zhang H, Gui X, Shen W, Yang H, Chen X. Metabolic Engineering of Candida tropicalis for the De Novo Synthesis of β-Ionone. ACS Synth Biol 2024. [PMID: 39090815 DOI: 10.1021/acssynbio.4c00286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
β-ionone, a norisoprenoid, is a natural aromatic compound derived from plants, which displays various biological activities including anticancer, antioxidant and deworming properties. Due to its large biomass and strong environmental tolerance, the nonconventional oleaginous yeast Candida tropicalis was selected to efficiently synthesize β-ionone. We initially investigated the capacity of the cytoplasm and subcellular compartments to synthesize β-ionone independently. Subsequently, through adaptive screening of enzymes, functional identification of subcellular localization signal peptides and subcellular compartment combination strategies, a titer of 152.4 mg/L of β-ionone was achieved. Finally, directed evolution of rate-limiting enzyme and overexpression of key enzymes were performed to enhance β-ionone production. The resulting titer was 400.5 mg/L in shake flasks and 730 mg/L in a bioreactor. This study demonstrates the first de novo synthesis of β-ionone in C. tropicalis, providing a novel cellular chassis for terpenoid fragrances with considerable industrial potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Xu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, & School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yuanyuan Xia
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, & School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yibo Shi
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, & School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Manzhi Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, & School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Haibing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, & School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xiaoying Gui
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, & School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Wei Shen
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, & School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Haiquan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, & School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xianzhong Chen
- Key Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, & School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
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2
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Srisaisap M, Boonserm P. Anticancer efficacy of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles loaded with recombinant truncated parasporin-2 protein. Sci Rep 2024; 14:15544. [PMID: 38969695 PMCID: PMC11226667 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-66650-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Bacterial toxins have received a great deal of attention in the development of cancer treatments. Parasporin-2 (PS2Aa1 or Mpp46Aa1) is a Bacillus thuringiensis parasporal protein that preferentially destroys human cancer cells while not harming normal cells, making it a promising anticancer treatment. With the efficient development and sustainable silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) synthesis technology, the biomedical use of AgNPs has expanded. This study presents the development of a novel nanotoxin composed of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles loaded with the N-terminal truncated PS2Aa1 toxin. MOEAgNPs were synthesized using a biological method, with Moringa oleifera leaf extract and maltose serving as reducing and capping agents. The phytochemicals present in M. oleifera leaf extract were identified by GC-MS analysis. MOEAgNPs were loaded with N-terminal truncated PS2Aa1 fused with maltose-binding protein (MBP-tPS2) to formulate PS2-MOEAgNPs. The PS2-MOEAgNPs were evaluated for size, stability, toxin loading efficacy, and cytotoxicity. PS2-MOEAgNPs demonstrated dose-dependent cytotoxicity against the T-cell leukemia MOLT-4 and Jurkat cell lines but had little effect on the Hs68 fibroblast or normal cell line. Altogether, the current study provides robust evidence that PS2-MOEAgNPs can efficiently inhibit the proliferation of T-cell leukemia cells, thereby suggesting their potential as an alternative to traditional anticancer treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monrudee Srisaisap
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Phuttamonthon, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand
| | - Panadda Boonserm
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Mahidol University, Phuttamonthon, Salaya, Nakhon Pathom, 73170, Thailand.
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3
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Qi S, Zeng T, Wu P, Sun L, Dong Z, Xu L, Xiao P. Widely targeted metabolomic analysis reveals effects of yellowing process time on the flavor of vine tea ( Ampelopsis grossedentata). Food Chem X 2024; 22:101446. [PMID: 38846795 PMCID: PMC11154209 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2024.101446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/09/2024] Open
Abstract
The bitter and astringent taste and miscellaneous smell of vine tea prevent its further development. In this study, we used a processing technology that mimics yellow tea to improve the flavor of vine tea and revealed its internal reasons through metabolomics. Sensory evaluation showed the yellowing process for 6-12 h reduced the bitterness and astringency significantly, and enriched the aroma. The improvement of taste was mainly related to the down-regulation of anthocyanins (54.83-97.38%), the hydrolysis of gallated catechins (34.80-47.81%) and flavonol glycosides (18.56-44.96%), and the subsequent accumulation of d-glucose (33.68-78.04%) and gallic acid (220.96-252.09%). For aroma, increase of total volatile metabolite content (23.88-25.44%) and key compounds like geraniol (239.32-275.21%) induced the changes. These results identified the positive effects of yellowing process on improvements in vine tea flavor and the key compounds that contribute to these changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunyao Qi
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Tiexin Zeng
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Peiling Wu
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Le Sun
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Zhengqi Dong
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Lijia Xu
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Peigen Xiao
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
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Merlino M, Condurso C, Cincotta F, Nalbone L, Ziino G, Verzera A. Essential Oil Emulsion from Caper ( Capparis spinosa L.) Leaves: Exploration of Its Antibacterial and Antioxidant Properties for Possible Application as a Natural Food Preservative. Antioxidants (Basel) 2024; 13:718. [PMID: 38929157 PMCID: PMC11200896 DOI: 10.3390/antiox13060718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
This study explored, for the first time, the chemical composition and in vitro antioxidant and antibacterial activities of a caper leaf essential oil (EO) emulsion for possible food applications as a natural preservative. The EO was extracted by hydrodistillation from the leaves of Capparis spinosa growing wild in the Aeolian Archipelago (Sicily, Italy) and exhibited a pungent, sulphurous odour. The volatile fraction of the emulsion, analysed by SPME-GC-MS, consisted of over 100 compounds and was dominated by compounds with recognised antibacterial and antioxidant properties, namely dimethyl tetrasulfide (18.41%), dimethyl trisulfide (12.58%), methyl isothiocyanate (7.97%), and terpinen-4-ol (6.76%). The emulsion was effective against all bacterial strains tested (Listeria monocytogenes, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Enteritidis, Pseudomonas fluorescens), with L. monocytogenes exhibiting the lowest minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC = 0.02 mg/mL) while E. coli had the highest (MIC = 0.06 mg/mL). The emulsion had a good DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazine) radical scavenging activity that was dose-dependent and equal to 42.98% at the 0.08 mg/mL level with an IC50 value of 0.099 mg/mL. Based on the results, the caper leaf EO emulsion has the potential to be proposed as a natural alternative to chemical preservatives in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Concetta Condurso
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Messina, Polo Universitario dell’Annunziata, Viale G. Palatucci, 98168 Messina, Italy; (M.M.); (F.C.); (L.N.); (G.Z.); (A.V.)
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5
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Plyuta VA, Sidorova DE, Koksharova OA, Khmel IA, Gnuchikh EY, Melkina OE. The effect of β-ionone on bacterial cells: the use of specific lux-biosensors. Res Microbiol 2024:104214. [PMID: 38740236 DOI: 10.1016/j.resmic.2024.104214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/08/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
The diversity of the biological activity of volatile organic compounds (VOCs), including unsaturated ketone β-ionone, promising pharmacological, biotechnological, and agricultural agent, has aroused considerable interest. However, the functional role and mechanisms of action of VOCs remain insufficiently studied. In this work, the response of bacterial cells to the action of β-ionone was studied using specific bioluminescent lux-biosensors containing stress-sensitive promoters. We determined that in Escherichia coli cells, β-ionone induces oxidative stress (PkatG and Pdps promoters) through a specific response mediated by the OxyR/OxyS regulon, but not SoxR/SoxS (PsoxS promoter). It has been shown that β-ionone at high concentrations (50 μM and above) causes a weak induction of the expression from the PibpA promoter and slightly induces the PcolD promoter in the E. coli biosensors; the observed effect is enhanced in the ΔoxyR mutants. This indicates the presence of some damage to proteins and DNA. β-Ionone was found to inhibit the bichaperone-dependent DnaKJE-ClpB refolding of heat-inactivated bacterial luciferase in E. coli wild-type and ΔibpB mutant strains. In the cells of the Gram-positive bacterium Bacillus subtilis 168 pNK-MrgA β-ionone does not cause oxidative stress. Thus, in this work, the specificity of bacterial cell stress responses to the action of β-ionone was shown.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir A Plyuta
- Complex of NBICS Technologies, National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Kurchatov sq. 2, 123182 Moscow, Russia; Kurchatov Center for Genome Research, National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Kurchatov sq. 2, 123182 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Daria E Sidorova
- Complex of NBICS Technologies, National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Kurchatov sq. 2, 123182 Moscow, Russia; Kurchatov Center for Genome Research, National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Kurchatov sq. 2, 123182 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Olga A Koksharova
- Complex of NBICS Technologies, National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Kurchatov sq. 2, 123182 Moscow, Russia; A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1-40, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Inessa A Khmel
- Complex of NBICS Technologies, National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Kurchatov sq. 2, 123182 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Evgeniy Y Gnuchikh
- Complex of NBICS Technologies, National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Kurchatov sq. 2, 123182 Moscow, Russia; Kurchatov Center for Genome Research, National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Kurchatov sq. 2, 123182 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Olga E Melkina
- Complex of NBICS Technologies, National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Kurchatov sq. 2, 123182 Moscow, Russia; Kurchatov Center for Genome Research, National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Kurchatov sq. 2, 123182 Moscow, Russia.
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Paraskevopoulou A, Kaloudis T, Hiskia A, Steinhaus M, Dimotikali D, Triantis TM. Volatile Profiling of Spirulina Food Supplements. Foods 2024; 13:1257. [PMID: 38672929 PMCID: PMC11049305 DOI: 10.3390/foods13081257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2024] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/12/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Spirulina, a cyanobacterium widely used as a food supplement due to its high nutrient value, contains volatile organic compounds (VOCs). It is crucial to assess the presence of VOCs in commercial spirulina products, as they could influence sensory quality, various processes, and technological aspects. In this study, the volatile profiles of seventeen commercial spirulina food supplements were determined using headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME), coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The identification of volatile compounds was achieved using a workflow that combined data processing with software tools and reference databases, as well as retention indices (RI) and elution order data. A total of 128 VOCs were identified as belonging to chemical groups of alkanes (47.2%), ketones (25.7%), aldehydes (10.9%), alcohols (8.4%), furans (3.7%), alkenes (1.8%), esters (1.1%), pyrazines (0.8%), and other compounds (0.4%). Major volatiles among all samples were hydrocarbons, especially heptadecane and heptadec-8-ene, followed by ketones (i.e., 4-(2,6,6-trimethyl-1-cyclohexen-1-yl)-3-buten-2-one, β-ionone, 2,2,6-trimethylcyclohexan-1-one), aldehydes (i.e., hexanal), and the alcohol oct-1-en-3-ol. Several volatiles were found in spirulina dietary supplements for the first time, including 6,10-dimethylundeca-5,9-dien-2-one (geranylacetone), 6,10,14-trimethylpentadecan-2-one, hept-2-enal, octanal, nonanal, oct-2-en-1-ol, heptan-1-ol, nonan-1-ol, tetradec-9-en-1-ol, 4,4-dimethylcyclohex-2-en-1-ol, 2,6-diethylpyrazine, and 1-(2,5-dimethylfuran-3-yl) ethanone. The methodology used for VOC analysis ensured high accuracy, reliability, and confidence in compound identification. Results reveal a wide variety of volatiles in commercial spirulina products, with numerous newly discovered compounds, prompting further research on sensory quality and production methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aikaterina Paraskevopoulou
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Center for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, Patriarchou Grigoriou E & 27 Neapoleos Str., Agia Paraskevi, 15341 Athens, Greece; (A.P.); (T.K.); (A.H.)
- School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Iroon Politechniou 9, Zografou, 15780 Athens, Greece;
| | - Triantafyllos Kaloudis
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Center for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, Patriarchou Grigoriou E & 27 Neapoleos Str., Agia Paraskevi, 15341 Athens, Greece; (A.P.); (T.K.); (A.H.)
- Department of Water Quality Control, Athens Water Supply and Sewerage Company (EYDAP SA), 156 Oropou Str., 11146 Athens, Greece
| | - Anastasia Hiskia
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Center for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, Patriarchou Grigoriou E & 27 Neapoleos Str., Agia Paraskevi, 15341 Athens, Greece; (A.P.); (T.K.); (A.H.)
| | - Martin Steinhaus
- Leibniz Institute for Food Systems Biology at the Technical University of Munich (Leibniz-LSB@TUM), Lise-Meitner-Straße 34, 85354 Freising, Germany;
| | - Dimitra Dimotikali
- School of Chemical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Iroon Politechniou 9, Zografou, 15780 Athens, Greece;
| | - Theodoros M. Triantis
- Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Center for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, Patriarchou Grigoriou E & 27 Neapoleos Str., Agia Paraskevi, 15341 Athens, Greece; (A.P.); (T.K.); (A.H.)
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7
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Huang C, Zhong Y, Zeng R, Wang J, Fang Q, Xiao S, Zhang J, Wang Z, Chen S, Peng D. Synthesis, Antioxidant, and Antifungal Activities of β-Ionone Thiazolylhydrazone Derivatives and Their Application in Anti-Browning of Freshly Cut Potato. Molecules 2023; 28:6713. [PMID: 37764489 PMCID: PMC10537339 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28186713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In order to develop a new type of antioxidants with high efficiency, a series of β-ionone thiazolylhydrazone derivatives were designed and synthesized from β-ionone, and their structures were characterized by 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR, FT-IR, and HR-MS. The antioxidant test in vitro indicated that most of the target compounds had high biological activity. Among them, compound 1k exhibited very strong DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical)-scavenging activity with a half-maximal effective concentration (IC50) of 86.525 μM. Furthermore, in the ABTS (2,2-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate) diammonium salt)-scavenging experiment, compound 1m exhibited excellent activity with an IC50 of 65.408 μM. Their biological activities were significantly better than those of the positive control Trolox. These two compounds, which have good free-radical-scavenging activity in vitro, were used as representative compounds in the anti-browning experiment of fresh-cut potatoes. The results showed that 1k and 1m had the same anti-browning ability as kojic acid, and they were effective browning inhibitors. In addition, it is well known that microbial infection is one of the reasons for food oxidation. Therefore, we investigated the antifungal activity of 25 target compounds against eight plant fungi at a concentration of 125 mg/L. The results indicated that these compounds all have some antifungal activity and may become new potential fungicides. Notably, compound 1u showed the best inhibitory effect against Poria vaporaria, with an inhibition rate as high as 77.71%; it is expected to become the dominant structure for the development of new antifungal agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Huang
- College of Forestry, East China Woody Fragrance and Flavor Engineering Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (C.H.)
| | - Yuan Zhong
- College of Forestry, East China Woody Fragrance and Flavor Engineering Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (C.H.)
| | - Rong Zeng
- College of Forestry, East China Woody Fragrance and Flavor Engineering Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (C.H.)
| | - Jie Wang
- College of Chemistry and Materials, Key Laboratory of Chemical Utilization of Plant Resources of Nanchang, East China Woody Fragrance and Flavor Engineering Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Qingwen Fang
- College of Forestry, East China Woody Fragrance and Flavor Engineering Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (C.H.)
| | - Shuzhen Xiao
- College of Chemistry and Materials, Key Laboratory of Chemical Utilization of Plant Resources of Nanchang, East China Woody Fragrance and Flavor Engineering Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Ji Zhang
- College of Forestry, East China Woody Fragrance and Flavor Engineering Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (C.H.)
| | - Zongde Wang
- College of Forestry, East China Woody Fragrance and Flavor Engineering Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (C.H.)
- College of Chemistry and Materials, Key Laboratory of Chemical Utilization of Plant Resources of Nanchang, East China Woody Fragrance and Flavor Engineering Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
| | - Shangxing Chen
- College of Forestry, East China Woody Fragrance and Flavor Engineering Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China; (C.H.)
| | - Dayong Peng
- College of Chemistry and Materials, Key Laboratory of Chemical Utilization of Plant Resources of Nanchang, East China Woody Fragrance and Flavor Engineering Research Center of National Forestry and Grassland Administration, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China
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Sun G, Liao J, Kurze E, Hoffmann TD, Steinchen W, McGraphery K, Habegger R, Marek L, Catici DAM, Ludwig C, Jing T, Hoffmann T, Song C, Schwab W. Apocarotenoids are allosteric effectors of a dimeric plant glycosyltransferase involved in defense and lignin formation. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2023; 238:2080-2098. [PMID: 36908092 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Glycosyltransferases are nature's versatile tools to tailor the functionalities of proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and small molecules by transferring sugars. Prominent substrates are hydroxycoumarins such as scopoletin, which serve as natural plant protection agents. Similarly, C13-apocarotenoids, which are oxidative degradation products of carotenoids/xanthophylls, protect plants by repelling pests and attracting pest predators. We show that C13-apocarotenoids interact with the plant glycosyltransferase NbUGT72AY1 and induce conformational changes in the enzyme catalytic center ultimately reducing its inherent UDP-α-d-glucose glucohydrolase activity and increasing its catalytic activity for productive hydroxycoumarin substrates. By contrast, C13-apocarotenoids show no effect on the catalytic activity toward monolignol lignin precursors, which are competitive substrates. In vivo studies in tobacco plants (Nicotiana benthamiana) confirmed increased glycosylation activity upon apocarotenoid supplementation. Thus, hydroxycoumarins and apocarotenoids represent specialized damage-associated molecular patterns, as they each provide precise information about the plant compartments damaged by pathogen attack. The molecular basis for the C13-apocarotenoid-mediated interplay of two plant protective mechanisms and their function as allosteric enhancers opens up potential applications of the natural products in agriculture and pharmaceutical industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangxin Sun
- Biotechnology of Natural Products, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technische Universität München, Liesel-Beckmann-Str. 1, 85354, Freising, Germany
| | - Jieren Liao
- Biotechnology of Natural Products, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technische Universität München, Liesel-Beckmann-Str. 1, 85354, Freising, Germany
| | - Elisabeth Kurze
- Biotechnology of Natural Products, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technische Universität München, Liesel-Beckmann-Str. 1, 85354, Freising, Germany
| | - Timothy D Hoffmann
- Biotechnology of Natural Products, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technische Universität München, Liesel-Beckmann-Str. 1, 85354, Freising, Germany
| | - Wieland Steinchen
- Center for Synthetic Microbiology (SYNMIKRO) & Faculty of Chemistry, Philipps-University Marburg, Karl-von-Frisch-Straße 14, 35043, Marburg, Germany
| | - Kate McGraphery
- Biotechnology of Natural Products, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technische Universität München, Liesel-Beckmann-Str. 1, 85354, Freising, Germany
| | - Ruth Habegger
- Biotechnology of Natural Products, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technische Universität München, Liesel-Beckmann-Str. 1, 85354, Freising, Germany
| | - Ludwig Marek
- Biotechnology of Natural Products, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technische Universität München, Liesel-Beckmann-Str. 1, 85354, Freising, Germany
| | - Dragana A M Catici
- Center for Protein Assemblies (CPA), Technical University of Munich, Ernst-Otto-Fischer-Str. 8, 85748, Garching, Germany
| | - Christina Ludwig
- Bavarian Center for Biomolecular Mass Spectrometry (BayBioMS), School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technische Universität München, Gregor-Mendel-Str. 4, 85354, Freising, Germany
| | - Tingting Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, Anhui Agricultural University, 230036, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Thomas Hoffmann
- Biotechnology of Natural Products, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technische Universität München, Liesel-Beckmann-Str. 1, 85354, Freising, Germany
| | - Chuankui Song
- State Key Laboratory of Tea Plant Biology and Utilization, International Joint Laboratory on Tea Chemistry and Health Effects, Anhui Agricultural University, 230036, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Wilfried Schwab
- Biotechnology of Natural Products, School of Life Sciences Weihenstephan, Technische Universität München, Liesel-Beckmann-Str. 1, 85354, Freising, Germany
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9
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Manganelli M, Testai E, Tazart Z, Scardala S, Codd GA. Co-Occurrence of Taste and Odor Compounds and Cyanotoxins in Cyanobacterial Blooms: Emerging Risks to Human Health? Microorganisms 2023; 11:microorganisms11040872. [PMID: 37110295 PMCID: PMC10146173 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11040872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Cyanobacteria commonly form large blooms in waterbodies; they can produce cyanotoxins, with toxic effects on humans and animals, and volatile compounds, causing bad tastes and odors (T&O) at naturally occurring low concentrations. Notwithstanding the large amount of literature on either cyanotoxins or T&O, no review has focused on them at the same time. The present review critically evaluates the recent literature on cyanotoxins and T&O compounds (geosmin, 2-methylisoborneol, β-ionone and β-cyclocitral) to identify research gaps on harmful exposure of humans and animals to both metabolite classes. T&O and cyanotoxins production can be due to the same or common to different cyanobacterial species/strains, with the additional possibility of T&O production by non-cyanobacterial species. The few environmental studies on the co-occurrence of these two groups of metabolites are not sufficient to understand if and how they can co-vary, or influence each other, perhaps stimulating cyanotoxin production. Therefore, T&Os cannot reliably serve as early warning surrogates for cyanotoxins. The scarce data on T&O toxicity seem to indicate a low health risk (but the inhalation of β-cyclocitral deserves more study). However, no data are available on the effects of combined exposure to mixtures of cyanotoxins and T&O compounds and to combinations of T&O compounds; therefore, whether the co-occurrence of cyanotoxins and T&O compounds is a health issue remains an open question.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maura Manganelli
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Department of Environment and Health, viale Regina Elena, 299, 00162 Rome, Italy; (E.T.); (S.S.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Emanuela Testai
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Department of Environment and Health, viale Regina Elena, 299, 00162 Rome, Italy; (E.T.); (S.S.)
| | - Zakaria Tazart
- Department of Food Sciences and Nutrition, University of Malta, 2080 Msida, Malta;
| | - Simona Scardala
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Department of Environment and Health, viale Regina Elena, 299, 00162 Rome, Italy; (E.T.); (S.S.)
| | - Geoffrey A. Codd
- School of Natural Sciences, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, UK;
- School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, UK
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10
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Monitoring the Aroma Compound Profiles in the Microbial Fermentation of Seaweeds and Their Effects on Sensory Perception. FERMENTATION-BASEL 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/fermentation9020135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Seaweeds have a variety of biological activities, and their aromatic characteristics could play an important role in consumer acceptance. Here, changes in aroma compounds were monitored during microbial fermentation, and those most likely to affect sensory perception were identified. Ulva sp. and Laminaria sp. were fermented and generally recognized as safe microorganisms, and the profile of volatile compounds in the fermented seaweeds was investigated using headspace solid-phase microextraction with gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. Volatile compounds, including ketones, aldehydes, alcohols, and acids, were identified during seaweed fermentation. Compared with lactic acid bacteria fermentation, Bacillus subtilis fermentation could enhance the total ketone amount in seaweeds. Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation could also enhance the alcohol content in seaweeds. Principal component analysis of volatile compounds revealed that fermenting seaweeds with B. subtilis or S. cerevisiae could reduce aldehyde contents and boost ketone and alcohol contents, respectively, as expected. The odor of the fermented seaweeds was described by using GC–olfactometry, and B. subtilis and S. cerevisiae fermentations could enhance pleasant odors and reduce unpleasant odors. These results can support the capability of fermentation to improve the aromatic profile of seaweeds.
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11
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Li T, Zhao X, Cao X. Volatile Metabolome and Aroma Differences of Six Cultivars of Prunus mume Blossoms. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:308. [PMID: 36679020 PMCID: PMC9863704 DOI: 10.3390/plants12020308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 01/03/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Prunus mume is a traditional Chinese plant with high ornamental and application values due to its very early blooming and unique fragrance. Long-term breeding and cultivation have resulted in a variety of P. mume blossoms and have made their exploitation more possible. Existing studies on the volatile metabolome and aroma of P. mume blossoms are limited. In this study, six extensively planted cultivars of P. mume blossoms, including Gulihong (GLH), Yudie (YD), LvE (LE), Dongfang Zhusha (DFZS), Jiangmei (JM), and Gongfen (GF), were investigated for their differences in terms of volatile metabolome, as well as their aroma characteristics based on the strategies and methods of metabolomics. The volatile metabolites were analyzed using HS-SPME-GC-MS technique. A total of eighty-nine compounds were detected and sixty-five of them were tentatively identified, including thirty-seven phenylpropanoids/benzenes, seventeen fatty acid derivatives, ten terpenoids, and one other compound. YD contains the most volatile metabolites in terms of number and amounts, which impart more abundant aromas to this cultivar. Fifteen differential compounds were screened through the untargeted metabolic analysis of twenty-nine samples by principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA), while nine compounds were screened based on the odor activity value (OAV) analysis of the sixty-five identified compounds. GLH and GF, JM and LE were found to be more similar to each other based on chemometrics analysis of both volatile contents and OAVs, while YD and DFZS were markedly different from other cultivars. Six main metabolites, including benzaldehyde, methyl benzoate, benzyl acetate, eugenol, (E)-cinnamic alcohol, and 4-allylphenol, together with 2-nonenal, 3,4-dimethoxytoluene, and trans-β-Ionone were screened as differential compounds, owing to their higher contents and/or lower olfactory threshold, which endow an almond, cherry, phenolic, wintergreen, cananga odorata, floral, jasmine, hyacinth, cinnamon, clove, woody, medicinal, and violet fragrance to each variety, and greatly contribute to the aroma differences of six cultivars of P. mume blossom.
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12
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Nazlić M, Kremer D, Akrap K, Topić S, Dunkić V. Richness of Specialized Metabolites in Veronica acinifolia L. Hydrosols. MAKEDONSKO FARMACEVTSKI BILTEN 2022. [DOI: 10.33320/maced.pharm.bull.2022.68.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Marija Nazlić
- Faculty of Science, University of Split, Ruđera Boškovića 33, HR-21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Dario Kremer
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, A. Kovačića 1, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Karla Akrap
- Faculty of Science, University of Split, Ruđera Boškovića 33, HR-21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Snježana Topić
- Faculty of Science, University of Split, Ruđera Boškovića 33, HR-21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Valerija Dunkić
- Faculty of Science, University of Split, Ruđera Boškovića 33, HR-21000 Split, Croatia
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Wang Y, He Y, Liu Y, Wang D. Analyzing Volatile Compounds of Young and Mature Docynia delavayi Fruit by HS-SPME-GC-MS and rOAV. Foods 2022; 12:foods12010059. [PMID: 36613274 PMCID: PMC9818226 DOI: 10.3390/foods12010059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 12/18/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
This study focused on the examination of the volatile compounds and fragrance properties of the young and mature fruit of Docynia delavayi. Headspace solid-phase microextraction combined with gas chromatography−mass spectrometry (HS-SPME-GC-MS) was applied for identifying 42 volatile compounds, with young and mature fruit containing 36 and 42 compounds, respectively. Heat map cluster analysis, principal component analysis (PCA), orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA), and independent sample t-testing were used to analyze sample differences. Based on a variable importance in projection (VIP) > 1 and p < 0.05, 23 key volatile compounds such as octanal, geranylacetone, butyl acetate, and dihydro-β-ionone were screened. β-Ionone and phenethyl acetate made the largest contribution to the aroma of D. delavayi after analyzing the relative odor activity value (rOAV) of the key volatile compounds and their aroma descriptors. Young D. delavayi fruit exhibited a prominent woody scent, while mature D. delavayi fruit had more intense floral and rosy aromas. The findings may lay a foundation for comprehensively developing and utilizing D. delavayi fruit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
- Forest Resources Exploitation and Utilization Engineering Research Center for Grand Health of Yunnan Provincial Universities, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Yuheng He
- Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
- Forest Resources Exploitation and Utilization Engineering Research Center for Grand Health of Yunnan Provincial Universities, Kunming 650224, China
| | - Yun Liu
- Forest Resources Exploitation and Utilization Engineering Research Center for Grand Health of Yunnan Provincial Universities, Kunming 650224, China
- Correspondence: (Y.L.); (D.W.); Tel.: +86-137-5943-1211 (Y.L.); +86-138-8891-5161 (D.W.)
| | - Dawei Wang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China
- Correspondence: (Y.L.); (D.W.); Tel.: +86-137-5943-1211 (Y.L.); +86-138-8891-5161 (D.W.)
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14
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The Metabolomic Profile of the Essential Oil from Zanthoxylum caribaeum (syn. chiloperone) Growing in Guadeloupe FWI using GC × GC-TOFMS. Metabolites 2022; 12:metabo12121293. [PMID: 36557331 PMCID: PMC9782392 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12121293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The essential oil (EO) from the leaves of Zanthoxylum caribaeum (syn. Chiloperone) (Rutaceae) was studied previously for its acaricidal, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and insecticidal properties. In prior studies, the most abundant compound class found in leaf oils from Brazil, Costa Rica, and Paraguay was terpenoids. Herein, essential oil from the leaves of Zanthoxylum caribaeum (prickly yellow, bois chandelle blanc (FWI), peñas Blancas (Costa Rica), and tembetary hu (Paraguay)) growing in Guadeloupe was analyzed with comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled to time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC × GC-TOFMS), and thirty molecules were identified. A comparison with previously published leaf EO compositions of the same species growing in Brazil, Costa Rica, and Paraguay revealed a number of molecules in common such as β-myrcene, limonene, β-caryophyllene, α-humulene, and spathulenol. Some molecules identified in Zanthoxylum caribaeum from Guadeloupe showed some antimetabolic effects on enzymes; the in-depth study of this plant and its essential oil with regard to metabolic diseases merits further exploration.
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15
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Liu X, Wang R, Liu H, Wang Y, Shi Y, Zhang C. High-pressure treatment enhanced aromatic compound concentrations of melon juice and its mechanism. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1052820. [DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1052820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
IntroductionThe flavor deterioration blocks the development of melon juice.MethodsThe effects of ultra-high temperature (UHT) and high pressure (HP) treatments on the aromatic compound concentrations of melon juice and their mechanisms were explored with fresh juice as the control.ResultsA total of 57 volatile compounds were identified by gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis. β-ionone was shown to be the major aromatic component of melon juice for the first time. The HP at 200 MPa for 20 min increased the total volatile concentration of melon juice by 1.54 and 3.77 times the control and UHT, respectively. Moreover, the sum concentration of a major aromatic component in the HP treatment was 1.49 and 5.94 times higher than that of the control and UHT, respectively.DiscussionThe HP treatment raised the concentration of volatile and aromatic components of melon juice by reducing their surface tension.
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16
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Nazlić M, Akrap K, Kremer D, Dunkić V. Hydrosols of Veronica Species -Natural Source of Free Volatile Compounds with Potential Pharmacological Interest. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:1378. [PMID: 36355550 PMCID: PMC9695910 DOI: 10.3390/ph15111378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Revised: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/06/2022] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, free volatile compounds (FVCs) were isolated from the water fractions (hydrosols) of 10 Croatian Veronica species obtained by hydrodistillation (HD) and microwave-assisted extraction (MAE). The use of different isolation techniques is important for the analysis of the influence of extraction conditions on the qualitative and quantitative composition of the isolated constituents. The composition of the hydrosols was analyzed using gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. The compounds β-ionone and benzene acetaldehyde were detected in all 10 Veronica hydrosols studied. E-caryophyllene was also identified in all isolates except the MAE isolate of V. arvensis L. Caryophyllene oxide was isolated in all isolates apart from the HD isolate of V. catenata Pennell. (E)-β-Damascenone is significantly present in all isolates except the MAE isolates of V. catanata and V. cymbalaria Bodard. In these two species, α-muurolol was identified in a high percentage. The same basic phytochemical constituents and compounds characteristic of a given Veronica species suggest the importance of further research. Antioxidant activity was tested for all extracts using two methods, ORAC and DPPH. Therefore, it is crucial to identify as many specialized metabolites from Veronica species as possible, especially hydrosols, which are natural products of potential pharmacological interest.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marija Nazlić
- Faculty of Science, University of Split, Ruđera Boškovića 33, HR-21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Karla Akrap
- Faculty of Science, University of Split, Ruđera Boškovića 33, HR-21000 Split, Croatia
| | - Dario Kremer
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, A. Kovačića 1, HR-10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Valerija Dunkić
- Faculty of Science, University of Split, Ruđera Boškovića 33, HR-21000 Split, Croatia
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17
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Zhang W, Tang CS, Xiang SQ. Condensation of acrylonitrile and aryl acetonitrile: construction of α-amino-β-cyano cyclohexene skeletons. RSC Adv 2022; 12:29840-29843. [PMID: 36321094 PMCID: PMC9578340 DOI: 10.1039/d2ra04936h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
Abstract
A representative condensation of acrylonitrile and aryl acetonitrile has been reported for the synthesis of α-amino-β-cyano cyclohexene. The reaction was carried out mildly in an open environment at room temperature. The scope and versatility of the method have been demonstrated with 20 examples, containing highly active ethynyl groups. Further applications for 4-aminopyrimidine compounds were performed. A mechanism was proposed, involving Michael additions between acrylonitrile and aryl acetonitriles as well as intramolecular condensation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- Chongqing University of Science and TechnologyChongqing401331China
| | | | - Shi-Qun Xiang
- Key Laboratory of Preparation and Application of Environmental Friendly Materials, Jilin Normal University, Ministry of EducationChangchun130103China,College of Chemistry, Jilin Normal UniversitySiping136000China
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18
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Liu H, Sun X, Shi Z, An X, Khashaveh A, Li Y, Gu S, Zhang Y. Identification and functional analysis of odorant-binding proteins provide new control strategies for Apolygus lucorum. Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 224:1129-1141. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.10.197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Lakshmanan AP, Murugesan S, Al Khodor S, Terranegra A. The potential impact of a probiotic: Akkermansia muciniphila in the regulation of blood pressure—the current facts and evidence. Lab Invest 2022; 20:430. [PMID: 36153618 PMCID: PMC9509630 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03631-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Akkermansia muciniphila (A. muciniphila) is present in the human gut microbiota from infancy and gradually increases in adulthood. The potential impact of the abundance of A. muciniphila has been studied in major cardiovascular diseases including elevated blood pressure or hypertension (HTN). HTN is a major factor in premature death worldwide, and approximately 1.28 billion adults aged 30–79 years have hypertension. A. muciniphila is being considered a next-generation probiotic and though numerous studies had highlighted the positive role of A. muciniphila in lowering/controlling the HTN, however, few studies had highlighted the negative impact of increased abundance of A. muciniphila in the management of HTN. Thus, in the review, we aimed to discuss the current facts, evidence, and controversy about the role of A. muciniphila in the pathophysiology of HTN and its potential effect on HTN management/regulation, which could be beneficial in identifying the drug target for the management of HTN.
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Chen S, Lu Y, Wang W, Hu Y, Wang J, Tang S, Lin CSK, Yang X. Efficient production of the β-ionone aroma compound from organic waste hydrolysates using an engineered Yarrowia lipolytica strain. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:960558. [PMID: 36212878 PMCID: PMC9532697 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.960558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
This study demonstrates the feasibility of establishing a natural compound supply chain in a biorefinery. The process starts with the biological or chemical hydrolysis of food and agricultural waste into simple and fermentative sugars, followed by their fermentation into more complex molecules. The yeast strain, Yarrowia lipolytica, was modified by introducing high membrane affinity variants of the carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase enzyme, PhCCD1, to increase the production of the aroma compound, β-ionone. The initial hydrolysis process converted food waste or sugarcane bagasse into nutrient-rich hydrolysates containing 78.4 g/L glucose and 8.3 g/L fructose, or 34.7 g/L glucose and 20.1 g/L xylose, respectively. During the next step, engineered Y. lipolytica strains were used to produce β-ionone from these feedstocks. The yeast strain YLBI3120, carrying a modified PhCCD1 gene was able to produce 4 g/L of β-ionone with a productivity of 13.9 mg/L/h from food waste hydrolysate. This is the highest yield reported for the fermentation of this compound to date. The integrated process described in this study could be scaled up to achieve economical large-scale conversion of inedible food and agricultural waste into valuable aroma compounds for a wide range of potential applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuyi Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yanping Lu
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Technology Research Center, Wuliangye Yibin Company Limited, Yibin, Sichuan, China
- Postdoctoral Research Workstation, Sichuan Yibin Wuliangye Group Company Limited, Yibin, Sichuan, China
| | - Wen Wang
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Yunzi Hu
- Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Jufang Wang
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Shixing Tang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Carol Sze Ki Lin
- School of Energy and Environment, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Xiaofeng Yang
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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Liu Y, Li Y, Lu Q, Sun L, Du S, Liu T, Hou M, Ge G, Wang Z, Jia Y. Effects of Lactic Acid Bacteria Additives on the Quality, Volatile Chemicals and Microbial Community of Leymus chinensis Silage During Aerobic Exposure. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:938153. [PMID: 36118219 PMCID: PMC9478463 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.938153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Silage exposed to air is prone to deterioration and production of unpleasant volatile chemicals that can seriously affect livestock intake and health. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Lactobacillus plantarum (LP), Lactobacillus buchneri (LB), and a combination of LP and LB (PB) on the quality, microbial community and volatile chemicals of Leymus chinensis silage at 0, 4, and 8 days after aerobic exposure. During aerobic exposure, LP had higher WSC and LA contents but had the least aerobic stability, with more harmful microorganisms such as Penicillium and Monascus and produced more volatile chemicals such as Isospathulenol and 2-Furancarbinol. LB slowed down the rise in pH, produced more acetic acid and effectively improved aerobic stability, while the effect of these two additives combined was intermediate between that of each additive alone. Correlation analysis showed that Actinomyces, Sphingomonas, Penicillium, and Monascus were associated with aerobic deterioration, and Weissella, Pediococcus, Botryosphaeria, and Monascus were associated with volatile chemicals. In conclusion, LB preserved the quality of L. chinensis silage during aerobic exposure, while LP accelerated aerobic deterioration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yichao Liu
- Key Laboratory of Forage Cultivation, Processing and High Efficient Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources of Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Yuyu Li
- Key Laboratory of Forage Cultivation, Processing and High Efficient Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources of Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Qiang Lu
- Key Laboratory of Forage Cultivation, Processing and High Efficient Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources of Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Lin Sun
- Inner Mongolia Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Sciences, Hohhot, China
| | - Shuai Du
- National Engineering Laboratory of Biological Feed Safety and Pollution Prevention and Control, Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science of Zhejiang Province, Institute of Feed Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Tingyu Liu
- College of Agriculture, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao, China
| | - Meiling Hou
- College of Agriculture, Inner Mongolia University for Nationalities, Tongliao, China
| | - Gentu Ge
- Key Laboratory of Forage Cultivation, Processing and High Efficient Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources of Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Zhijun Wang
- Key Laboratory of Forage Cultivation, Processing and High Efficient Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources of Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
| | - Yushan Jia
- Key Laboratory of Forage Cultivation, Processing and High Efficient Utilization of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources of Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, China
- *Correspondence: Yushan Jia,
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22
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Oxygen Scavenger and Antioxidant LDPE/EVOH/PET-Based Films Containing β-Carotene Intended for Fried Peanuts (Arachis hypogaea L.) Packaging: Pilot Scale Processing and Validation Studies. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14173550. [PMID: 36080624 PMCID: PMC9460629 DOI: 10.3390/polym14173550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 08/18/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to develop an oxygen scavenger and antioxidant active packaging material for fried peanuts. The packaging solution, which has been made at the laboratory previously, has been developed by cast film extrusion and is composed of low-density polyethylene-ethylene vinyl alcohol-polyethylene terephthalate (LDPE/EVOH/PET)-based films containing β-carotene (CAR). In comparison with film without additive, developed film presented an orange colouring (higher L* and b* values and lower a* values) and an increase in oxygen induction time (OIt) from 4.5 to 14.1 min. The incorporation of β-carotene to the formulation also brings about a significant effect on the thermal stability as maximum degradation temperatures increased around 1%. Regarding the oxygen absorption capacity of the films, values of 1.39 ± 0.10 mL O2 per g of film at laboratory scale and 1.7 ± 0.3 mL O2 per g of multilayer (ML)/LDPE_CAR were obtained, respectively, after 3 days, proving the suitability of the packaging solutions as oxygen absorbers. To validate the packaging solution, the oxidative stability of fried peanuts packed in fabricated multilayer β-carotene bags was evaluated for 3 months at 40 °C. The hexanal content remained constant during this period. Meanwhile, peanuts packed in ML without β-carotene increased their hexanal content to 294%. This fact indicated a lower extent of oxidation in fried peanuts compared to food samples packaged in control films, suggesting the potential of ML/LDPE_CAR films as sustainable and antioxidant food packaging systems to offer protection against lipid oxidation in foods. Sensory evaluation confirmed that ML/LDPE_CAR films provided the peanut samples with an extra aroma due to the volatile degradation products of β-carotene (such as β-cyclocitral or 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-ol).
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Wang Y, Xu J, Liu A. Identification of the carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase genes and functional analysis reveal DoCCD1 is potentially involved in beta-ionone formation in Dendrobium officinale. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:967819. [PMID: 35991395 PMCID: PMC9387305 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.967819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The carotenoids are the most widely distributed secondary metabolites in plants and can be degraded by carotenoid cleavage dioxygenase (CCD) to form apocarotenoids including an important C13 compound beta-ionone. Volatile beta-ionone can confer the violet and woody fragrance to plant essential oils, flowers, fruits, and vegetables, which therefore has been used in various industries. Dendrobium officinale is a traditional medicinal plant. However, there was limited information on the key enzymes involved in the biosynthesis of beta-ionone in D. officinale. In the present study, beta-ionone was detected in stems and leaves of D. officinale and genome-wide identification and expression profiles of CCD genes were subsequently carried out. There were nine DoCCD members in D. officinale. According to the phylogenetic relationship, DoCCD proteins were classified into six subfamilies including CCD1, CCD4, CCD7, CCD8, nine-cis-epoxycarotenoid dioxygenase (NCED) and zaxinone synthase (ZAS). DoCCD genes showed distinctive expression profiles and DoCCD1 gene was abundantly expressed in eight tissues. Induced expression of DoCCD1 gene resulted in discoloration of Escerichia coli strains that can accumulate carotenoids. Analysis of Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometer showed that DoCCD1 enzyme can cleave lycopene to produce 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one and pseudoionone and also catalyze beta-carotene to form beta-ionone. Expression of DoCCD1 gene in Nicotiana benthamiana leaf resulted in production of abundant beta-ionone. Overall, the present study first provides valuable information on the CCD gene family in D. officinale, function of DoCCD1 gene as well as production of beta-ionone through genetic modification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
- Bio-Innovation Center of DR PLANT, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Jianchu Xu
- Key Laboratory of Economic Plants and Biotechnology, Yunnan Key Laboratory for Wild Plant Resources, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Aizhong Liu
- Key Laboratory for Forest Resources Conservation and Utilization in the Southwest Mountains of China, Ministry of Education, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming, China
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Chang A, Pei WH, Li SY, Wang TM, Song HP, Kang TG, Zhang H. Integrated metabolomic and transcriptomic analysis reveals variation in the metabolites and genes of Platycodon grandiflorus roots from different regions. PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS : PCA 2022; 33:982-994. [PMID: 35726458 DOI: 10.1002/pca.3153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Platycodon grandiflorum root (PG), a popular traditional Chinese medicine, contains considerable chemical components with broad pharmacological activities. The complexity and diversity of the chemical components of PG from different origins contribute to its broad biological activities. The quality of southern PG is superior to that of northern PG, but the mechanisms underlying these differences remain unclear. OBJECTIVES In order to study variation in the differentially accumulated metabolites (DAMs), differentially expressed genes (DEGs), as well as their interactions and signalling pathways among PG from Anhui and Liaoning. METHODS The metabolomes based on liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) and the transcriptome based on high-throughput sequencing technology were combined to comprehensively analyse PGn and PGb. RESULTS A total of 6515 DEGs and 83 DAMs from the comparison of PG from Anhui and Liaoning were detected. Integrated analysis of metabolomic and transcriptomic data revealed that 215 DEGs and 57 DAMs were significantly enriched in 48 pathways according to KEGG pathway enrichment analysis, and 15 DEGs and 10 DAMs significantly enriched in the main pathway sesquiterpenoid and triterpenoid and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis might play a key role in complex response or regulatory processes. CONCLUSION Differences in PG from southern and northern China might thus stem from differences in environmental factors, such as precipitation, light duration, and humidity. The results of our study provide new insight into geographic variation in gene expression and metabolite accumulation and will enhance the utilisation of PG resources.
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Affiliation(s)
- An Chang
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, China
- Department of Drug Administration, First Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Wen-Han Pei
- Faculty of Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macao, China
| | - Si-Yu Li
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, China
| | - Tian-Min Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, China
| | - Hui-Peng Song
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, China
| | - Ting-Guo Kang
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Liaoning University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Dalian, China
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Baky MH, Shamma SN, Xiao J, Farag MA. Comparative aroma and nutrients profiling in six edible versus nonedible cruciferous vegetables using MS based metabolomics. Food Chem 2022; 383:132374. [PMID: 35172226 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2022] [Accepted: 02/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Cruciferous vegetables, also known as brassicaceae vegetables, are widely consumed worldwide for their nutritive and substantial health benefits. Compositional heterogeneity was explored in six cruciferous vegetables viz, cauliflower, turnip, broccoli, watercress, radish and cabbage leaves targeting their aroma and nutrients profile. A headspace solid-phase micro extraction (HS-SPME) technique combined with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was employed for metabolite profiling. Results revealed extensive variation in volatiles and nonvolatile profiles among the six cruciferous vegetables. A total of 55 nutrient metabolites were identified, whereas a total of 190 volatiles were detected. Aldehydes and ketones appeared as the most discriminatory among leaves, accounting for its distinct aroma. Furthermore, chemometric analysis of both datasets showed clear classification of the six vegetables, with several key novel markers. This study provides the first comparative study between edible and inedible parts of cruciferous vegetables, suggesting novel uses as functional foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa H Baky
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Badr City 11829, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Samir Nabhan Shamma
- Institute of Global Health and Human Ecology, School of Sciences and Engineering, The American University in Cairo, P.O. Box 74, New Cairo 11835, Egypt
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- International Research Center for Food Nutrition and Safety, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China; Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo-Ourense Campus, E-32004 Ourense, Spain
| | - Mohamed A Farag
- Pharmacognosy Department, College of Pharmacy, Cairo University, 11562 Cairo, Egypt.
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26
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Liu RC, Li R, Wang Y, Jiang ZT. Analysis of volatile odor compounds and aroma properties of European vinegar by the ultra-fast gas chromatographic electronic nose. J Food Compost Anal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2022.104673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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27
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Geng R, Wang Y, Fang J, Zhao Y, Li M, Kang SG, Huang K, Tong T. Ectopic odorant receptors responding to flavor compounds in skin health and disease: Current insights and future perspectives. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2022; 63:9392-9408. [PMID: 35445618 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2064812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Skin, the largest organ of human body, acts as a barrier to protect body from the external environment and is exposed to a myriad of flavor compounds, especially food- and plant essential oil-derived odorant compounds. Skin cells are known to express various chemosensory receptors, such as transient potential receptors, adenosine triphosphate receptors, taste receptors, and odorant receptors (ORs). We aim to provide a review of this rapidly developing field and discuss latest discoveries related to the skin ORs activated by flavor compounds, their impacts on skin health and disease, odorant ligands interacting with ORs exerting specific biological effects, and the mechanisms involved. ORs are recently found to be expressed in skin tissue and cells, such as keratinocytes, melanocytes, and fibroblasts. To date, several ectopic skin ORs responding to flavor compounds, are involved in different skin biological processes, such as wound healing, hair growth, melanin regulation, pressure stress, skin barrier function, atopic dermatitis, and psoriasis. The recognition of physiological role of skin ORs, combined with the fact that ORs belong to a highly druggable protein family (G protein-coupled receptors), underscores the potential of skin ORs responding to flavor compounds as a novel regulating strategy for skin health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruixuan Geng
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yanan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jingjing Fang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuhan Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Mengjie Li
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Seong-Gook Kang
- Department of Food Engineering, Mokpo National University, Chungkyemyon, Muangun, Jeonnam, Korea
| | - Kunlun Huang
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Safety Assessment of Genetically Modified Organism (Food Safety), Beijing, China
- Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing, China
| | - Tao Tong
- Key Laboratory of Precision Nutrition and Food Quality, Key Laboratory of Functional Dairy, Ministry of Education, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Safety Assessment of Genetically Modified Organism (Food Safety), Beijing, China
- Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, Beijing, China
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Comparison of Aroma Trait of the White-Fleshed Peach ‘Hu Jing Mi Lu’ and the Yellow-Fleshed Peach ‘Jin Yuan’ Based on Odor Activity Value and Odor Characteristics. HORTICULTURAE 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/horticulturae8030245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022]
Abstract
Peach flesh colors and aromas impact greatly on consumer behaviors and these two traits are closely associated in white- and yellow-fleshed peaches. However, current understanding of their aromas is rather limited and confined to the concentration differences of some volatiles. Therefore, this study aims to compare the overall aromas of the white-fleshed peach ‘Hu Jing Mi Lu’ (HJML) and yellow-fleshed peach ‘Jin Yuan’ (JY), two fresh cultivars with intense aromas and industrial influence by applications such as HS-SPME/GC-MS analysis, odor activity value evaluations, and odor note analysis. The significant contributions of 26 odor-active compounds to their aromas were revealed. Among which, 15 compounds showed no concentration differences and contributed to the fruity, floral, sweet, etc., odors in both HJML and JY; (E)-2-nonenal, 1-pentanol, and styrene showed significantly higher concentrations in HJML and conveyed much stronger fusel-like and balsamic odors; likewise, (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate, octanal, nonanal, and 3,5-octadien-2-one showed significantly higher concentrations in JY and conveyed much stronger banana, citrus-like, and honey odors; besides, benzyl alcohol, 1-heptanol, 1-octen-3-ol, and 3-octanone with woody, earthy, mushroom, and lavender odors were exclusively detected in HJML. Overall, apart from the common and stronger specific odors in either the white- or yellow-fleshed peach cultivar, the white-fleshed peach was endowed with a unique aroma.
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Mostafa S, Wang Y, Zeng W, Jin B. Floral Scents and Fruit Aromas: Functions, Compositions, Biosynthesis, and Regulation. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:860157. [PMID: 35360336 PMCID: PMC8961363 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.860157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Floral scents and fruit aromas are crucial volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in plants. They are used in defense mechanisms, along with mechanisms to attract pollinators and seed dispersers. In addition, they are economically important for the quality of crops, as well as quality in the perfume, cosmetics, food, drink, and pharmaceutical industries. Floral scents and fruit aromas share many volatile organic compounds in flowers and fruits. Volatile compounds are classified as terpenoids, phenylpropanoids/benzenoids, fatty acid derivatives, and amino acid derivatives. Many genes and transcription factors regulating the synthesis of volatiles have been discovered. In this review, we summarize recent progress in volatile function, composition, biosynthetic pathway, and metabolism regulation. We also discuss unresolved issues and research perspectives, providing insight into improvements and applications of plant VOCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salma Mostafa
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- Department of Floriculture, Faculty of Agriculture, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt
| | - Yun Wang
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Wen Zeng
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Biao Jin
- College of Horticulture and Plant Protection, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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30
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Li J, Lan T, Yang G, Mu S, Zhang K. Enantioselective evaluation of the chiral fungicide mandipropamid: Dissipation, distribution and potential dietary intake risk in tomato, cucumber, Chinese cabbage and cowpea. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2022; 232:113260. [PMID: 35121257 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2022.113260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A chiral analytical method was developed and validated for the determination of mandipropamid enantiomers in tomato, cucumber, Chinese cabbage and cowpea. The linearity (R2 > 0.99), accuracy (recovery: 73.8-106%) and precision (relative standard deviation: < 11%) were adequate for the detection of mandipropamid enantiomers in four vegetables. Field trials were further conducted to investigate the dissipation and residue distribution of mandipropamid and the possible enantioselectivity in different vegetables. Due to the shorter half-lives, mandipropamid dissipated more rapidly in Chinese cabbage (1.8-2.0 d) and cowpea (1.6-2.4 d) than in tomato (5.0-8.4 d) and cucumber (2.4-5.5 d). The residues of mandipropamid were 45-179 µg/kg in tomato 14 d at low dose, 48-98 µg/kg in cucumber 7 d after spraying twice at low dose, and < 2.5-1942 µg/kg in Chinese cabbage and cowpea in all treatments, which were below the maximum residue limits of mandipropamid set by the European Union and Codex Alimentarius Commission. Enantioselectivity was observed during the mandipropamid dissipation process in four vegetables. The S-(+)-enantiomer dissipated more rapidly than the R-(-)-enantiomer in tomato and Chinese cabbage (enantiomeric fractions > 0.5). For cucumber and cowpea, the dissipation of the R-enantiomer was preferential (enantiomeric fractions < 0.5). According to the risk quotient data (<< 100%), the residues of mandipropamid in four vegetables were safe for Chinese consumers. This study could provide useful information for the dissipation fate and residue distribution of mandipropamid in vegetables at the enantiomer level and offer some guidance for the dietary intake risk evaluation of mandipropamid in vegetables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianmin Li
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Tingting Lan
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Guangqian Yang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Shiyin Mu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Kankan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Key Laboratory of Green Pesticide and Agricultural Bioengineering, Ministry of Education, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China.
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31
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Brambilla A, Sommer A, Ghirardo A, Wenig M, Knappe C, Weber B, Amesmaier M, Lenk M, Schnitzler JP, Vlot AC. Immunity-associated volatile emissions of β-ionone and nonanal propagate defence responses in neighbouring barley plants. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:615-630. [PMID: 34849759 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erab520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Plants activate biochemical responses to combat stress. (Hemi-)biotrophic pathogens are fended off by systemic acquired resistance (SAR), a primed state allowing plants to respond faster and more strongly upon subsequent infection. Here, we show that SAR-like defences in barley (Hordeum vulgare) are propagated between neighbouring plants, which respond with enhanced resistance to the volatile cues from infected senders. The emissions of the sender plants contained 15 volatile organic compounds (VOCs) associated with infection. Two of these, β-ionone and nonanal, elicited resistance upon plant exposure. Whole-genome transcriptomics analysis confirmed that interplant propagation of defence in barley is established as a form of priming. Although gene expression changes were more pronounced after challenge infection of the receiver plants with Blumeria graminis f. sp. hordei, differential gene expression in response to the volatile cues of the sender plants included an induction of HISTONE DEACETYLASE 2 (HvHDA2) and priming of TETRATRICOPEPTIDE REPEAT-LIKE superfamily protein (HvTPL). Because HvHDA2 and HvTPL transcript accumulation was also enhanced by exposure of barley to β-ionone and nonanal, our data identify both genes as possible defence/priming markers in barley. Our results suggest that VOCs and plant-plant interactions are relevant for possible crop protection strategies priming defence responses in barley.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandro Brambilla
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Anna Sommer
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Andrea Ghirardo
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Research Unit Environmental Simulation, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Marion Wenig
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Claudia Knappe
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Baris Weber
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Research Unit Environmental Simulation, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Melissa Amesmaier
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Miriam Lenk
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - Jörg-Peter Schnitzler
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Research Unit Environmental Simulation, Neuherberg, Germany
| | - A Corina Vlot
- Helmholtz Zentrum München, Institute of Biochemical Plant Pathology, Neuherberg, Germany
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32
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Antioxidant Capacity of Free Volatile Compounds from Olea europaea L. cv. Oblica Leaves Depending on the Vegetation Stage. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:antiox10111832. [PMID: 34829702 PMCID: PMC8615238 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10111832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2021] [Revised: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous research on specialized metabolites of olive leaves has focused on the phenolic components and their biological role. The research in this article focuses on the metabolites that form free volatile compounds (FVCs). The composition of FVCs is divided into compounds isolated in the oil phase (essential oils; EO) and in the aqueous phase (hydrosols; Hy) from leaves of Olea europaea L. cultivar Oblica. Plant material was collected from the same olive tree over a six-month period, from December to May, and analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). The compounds β-caryophyllene, α-humulene, allo-aromadendrene, docosane, hexadecanoic acid and oleic acid were identified in all EO study periods. In the Hy in all studied periods, the major compounds are α-pinene, β-ionone, myristicin, docosane, 1-hexanol, oleic acid and (E)-β-damascenone. The differences in the qualitative composition of FVC are directly related to the phenological development of the leaves. Antioxidant capacity of the EOs and hydrosols was measured with two methods, ORAC and DPPH. Hydrosol extracts showed higher capacity than the EOs in all methods.
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Simkin AJ. Carotenoids and Apocarotenoids in Planta: Their Role in Plant Development, Contribution to the Flavour and Aroma of Fruits and Flowers, and Their Nutraceutical Benefits. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:plants10112321. [PMID: 34834683 PMCID: PMC8624010 DOI: 10.3390/plants10112321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Carotenoids and apocarotenoids are diverse classes of compounds found in nature and are important natural pigments, nutraceuticals and flavour/aroma molecules. Improving the quality of crops is important for providing micronutrients to remote communities where dietary variation is often limited. Carotenoids have also been shown to have a significant impact on a number of human diseases, improving the survival rates of some cancers and slowing the progression of neurological illnesses. Furthermore, carotenoid-derived compounds can impact the flavour and aroma of crops and vegetables and are the origin of important developmental, as well as plant resistance compounds required for defence. In this review, we discuss the current research being undertaken to increase carotenoid content in plants and research the benefits to human health and the role of carotenoid derived volatiles on flavour and aroma of fruits and vegetables.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew J. Simkin
- School of Biosciences, University of Kent, Canterbury CT2 7NJ, UK; or
- Crop Science and Production Systems, NIAB-EMR, New Road, East Malling, Kent ME19 6BJ, UK
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Hammoud NA, Zervou SK, Kaloudis T, Christophoridis C, Paraskevopoulou A, Triantis TM, Slim K, Szpunar J, Fadel A, Lobinski R, Hiskia A. Investigation of the Occurrence of Cyanotoxins in Lake Karaoun (Lebanon) by Mass Spectrometry, Bioassays and Molecular Methods. Toxins (Basel) 2021; 13:toxins13100716. [PMID: 34679009 PMCID: PMC8540339 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13100716] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 10/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Lake Karaoun is the largest artificial lake in Lebanon and serves multiple purposes. Recently, intensive cyanobacterial blooms have been reported in the lake, raising safety and aesthetic concerns related to the presence of cyanotoxins and cyanobacterial taste and odor (T&O) compounds, respectively. Here, we communicate for the first time results from a recent investigation by LC-MS/MS covering multiple cyanotoxins (microcystins (MCs), anatoxin-a, cylindrospermopsin, nodularin) in water and fish collected between 2019 and 2020. Eleven MCs were identified reaching concentrations of 211 and 199 μg/L for MC-LR and MC-YR, respectively. Cylindrospermopsin, anatoxin-a and nodularin were not detected. The determination of the total MCs was also carried out by ELISA and Protein Phosphatase Inhibition Assay yielding comparable results. Molecular detection of cyanobacteria (16S rRNA) and biosynthetic genes of toxins were carried out by qPCR. Untargeted screening analysis by GC-MS showed the presence of T&O compounds, such as β-cyclocitral, β-ionone, nonanal and dimethylsulfides that contribute to unpleasant odors in water. The determination of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) showed the presence of anthropogenic pollutants, mostly dichloromethane and toluene. The findings are important to develop future monitoring schemes in order to assess the risks from cyanobacterial blooms with regard to the lake’s ecosystem and its uses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noura Alice Hammoud
- National Council for Scientific Research (CNRS), P.O. Box 11-8281, Riad El Solh, Beirut 1107 2260, Lebanon; (N.A.H.); (K.S.); (A.F.)
- Laboratory of Photo-Catalytic Processes and Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Center for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, Patr. Grigoriou E’ & 27 Neapoleos Str., Agia Paraskevi, 15341 Athens, Greece; (S.-K.Z.); (T.K.); (C.C.); (A.P.); (T.M.T.)
- Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l’Environnement et les Matériaux, Université de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour, E2S UPPA, CNRS, IPREM UMR 5254, Hélioparc, 64053 Pau, France; (J.S.); (R.L.)
| | - Sevasti-Kiriaki Zervou
- Laboratory of Photo-Catalytic Processes and Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Center for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, Patr. Grigoriou E’ & 27 Neapoleos Str., Agia Paraskevi, 15341 Athens, Greece; (S.-K.Z.); (T.K.); (C.C.); (A.P.); (T.M.T.)
| | - Triantafyllos Kaloudis
- Laboratory of Photo-Catalytic Processes and Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Center for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, Patr. Grigoriou E’ & 27 Neapoleos Str., Agia Paraskevi, 15341 Athens, Greece; (S.-K.Z.); (T.K.); (C.C.); (A.P.); (T.M.T.)
- Department of Water Quality Control, Athens Water Supply and Sewerage Company (EYDAP SA), 156 Oropou Str., 11146 Athens, Greece
| | - Christophoros Christophoridis
- Laboratory of Photo-Catalytic Processes and Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Center for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, Patr. Grigoriou E’ & 27 Neapoleos Str., Agia Paraskevi, 15341 Athens, Greece; (S.-K.Z.); (T.K.); (C.C.); (A.P.); (T.M.T.)
| | - Aikaterina Paraskevopoulou
- Laboratory of Photo-Catalytic Processes and Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Center for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, Patr. Grigoriou E’ & 27 Neapoleos Str., Agia Paraskevi, 15341 Athens, Greece; (S.-K.Z.); (T.K.); (C.C.); (A.P.); (T.M.T.)
- Chemical Engineering Department, National Technical University, Iroon Politechniou 9, Zografou, 15780 Athens, Greece
| | - Theodoros M. Triantis
- Laboratory of Photo-Catalytic Processes and Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Center for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, Patr. Grigoriou E’ & 27 Neapoleos Str., Agia Paraskevi, 15341 Athens, Greece; (S.-K.Z.); (T.K.); (C.C.); (A.P.); (T.M.T.)
| | - Kamal Slim
- National Council for Scientific Research (CNRS), P.O. Box 11-8281, Riad El Solh, Beirut 1107 2260, Lebanon; (N.A.H.); (K.S.); (A.F.)
| | - Joanna Szpunar
- Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l’Environnement et les Matériaux, Université de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour, E2S UPPA, CNRS, IPREM UMR 5254, Hélioparc, 64053 Pau, France; (J.S.); (R.L.)
| | - Ali Fadel
- National Council for Scientific Research (CNRS), P.O. Box 11-8281, Riad El Solh, Beirut 1107 2260, Lebanon; (N.A.H.); (K.S.); (A.F.)
| | - Ryszard Lobinski
- Institut des Sciences Analytiques et de Physico-Chimie pour l’Environnement et les Matériaux, Université de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour, E2S UPPA, CNRS, IPREM UMR 5254, Hélioparc, 64053 Pau, France; (J.S.); (R.L.)
- Chair of Analytical Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Anastasia Hiskia
- Laboratory of Photo-Catalytic Processes and Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, National Center for Scientific Research “Demokritos”, Patr. Grigoriou E’ & 27 Neapoleos Str., Agia Paraskevi, 15341 Athens, Greece; (S.-K.Z.); (T.K.); (C.C.); (A.P.); (T.M.T.)
- Correspondence:
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