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Dávid CZ, Kúsz N, Agbadua OG, Berkecz R, Kincses A, Spengler G, Hunyadi A, Hohmann J, Vasas A. Phytochemical Investigation of Carex praecox Schreb. and ACE-Inhibitory Activity of Oligomer Stilbenes of the Plant. Molecules 2024; 29:3427. [PMID: 39065005 PMCID: PMC11280411 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29143427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2024] [Revised: 07/17/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Phenolic compounds are the main special metabolites of Cyperaceae species from phytochemical, pharmacological, and chemotaxonomical points of view. The present study focused on the isolation, structure determination, and pharmacological investigation of constituents from Carex praecox. Twenty-six compounds, including lignans, stilbenes, flavonoids, megastigmanes, chromenes, and phenylpropanoids, were identified from the methanol extract of the plant. Five of these compounds, namely, carexines A-E, are previously undescribed natural products. All compounds were isolated for the first time from C. praecox. The ACE-inhibitory activity of seven stilbenoid compounds was tested, and (-)-hopeaphenol proved to be the most active (IC50 7.7 ± 0.9 μM). The enzyme-kinetic studies revealed a mixed-type inhibition; therefore, domain-specific studies were also conducted. The in silico docking of (-)-hopeaphenol to the ACE affirmed some favorable interactions. In addition, the antiproliferative and antibacterial effects of some compounds were also evaluated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Csilla Zsuzsanna Dávid
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; (C.Z.D.); (N.K.); (O.G.A.); (A.K.); (A.H.); (J.H.)
| | - Norbert Kúsz
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; (C.Z.D.); (N.K.); (O.G.A.); (A.K.); (A.H.); (J.H.)
| | - Orinamhe Godwin Agbadua
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; (C.Z.D.); (N.K.); (O.G.A.); (A.K.); (A.H.); (J.H.)
| | - Róbert Berkecz
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Analysis, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary;
| | - Annamária Kincses
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; (C.Z.D.); (N.K.); (O.G.A.); (A.K.); (A.H.); (J.H.)
- HUN-REN-USZ Biologically Active Natural Products Research Group, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Gabriella Spengler
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Albert Szent-Györgyi Health Center, Albert Szent-Györgyi Medical School, University of Szeged, 6725 Szeged, Hungary;
| | - Attila Hunyadi
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; (C.Z.D.); (N.K.); (O.G.A.); (A.K.); (A.H.); (J.H.)
- HUN-REN-USZ Biologically Active Natural Products Research Group, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Judit Hohmann
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; (C.Z.D.); (N.K.); (O.G.A.); (A.K.); (A.H.); (J.H.)
- HUN-REN-USZ Biologically Active Natural Products Research Group, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
| | - Andrea Vasas
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Szeged, 6720 Szeged, Hungary; (C.Z.D.); (N.K.); (O.G.A.); (A.K.); (A.H.); (J.H.)
- HUN-REN-USZ Biologically Active Natural Products Research Group, University of Szeged, Eötvös u. 6, 6720 Szeged, Hungary
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Cavalloro V, Pagliari S, Gosetti F, Campone L, Sottani C, Collina S, Martino E, Robustelli della Cuna FS. Qualitative Metabolite Profiling of Orchis purpurea Huds. by GC and UHPLC/MS Approaches. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1064. [PMID: 38674473 PMCID: PMC11054457 DOI: 10.3390/plants13081064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Orchids are experiencing wide success in ornamental, medicinal, and food fields. The reason for their success is correlated with both their morphology and metabolomics, the latter linked to their taste and biological effects. Despite many orchids having already been the subject of chemotaxonomic works, some of them are still untapped, like the case of Orchis purpurea. O. purpurea is one of the most common species of the genus Orchis, present in hedgerows, verges, and light woodland, where it is one of the few herbaceous plants able to be unpleasant to herbivorous animals. Essential oil from roots, stems, leaves, and flowers were analyzed via GC/MS analyses, revealing the presence of 70 compounds, with a clear prevalence of coumarin. The high concentration of this metabolite may explain the resistance of O. purpurea to herbivores, being associated with appetite-suppressing properties and a bitter taste. Non-volatile fractions were analyzed via UHPLC-MS analysis revealing the presence of hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives, polyphenols, and glycosidic compounds, probably responsible for their color and fragrance. Taken together, the herein presented results shed light on both the defensive strategy and the chemotaxonomy of O. purpurea.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Cavalloro
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 1, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
- NBFC—National Biodiversity Future Center, Piazza Marina 61, 90133 Palermo, Italy; (F.G.); (L.C.)
| | - Stefania Pagliari
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza Della Scienza 2, 20126 Milan, Italy;
| | - Fabio Gosetti
- NBFC—National Biodiversity Future Center, Piazza Marina 61, 90133 Palermo, Italy; (F.G.); (L.C.)
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza Della Scienza 1, 20126 Milan, Italy
| | - Luca Campone
- NBFC—National Biodiversity Future Center, Piazza Marina 61, 90133 Palermo, Italy; (F.G.); (L.C.)
- Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences, University of Milano-Bicocca, Piazza Della Scienza 2, 20126 Milan, Italy;
| | - Cristina Sottani
- Environmental Research Center, ICS Maugeri SPA SB, Institute of Pavia, IRCCS, Via Maugeri 2, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (C.S.); (F.S.R.d.C.)
| | - Simona Collina
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
| | - Emanuela Martino
- Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Pavia, Via Ferrata 1, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
- NBFC—National Biodiversity Future Center, Piazza Marina 61, 90133 Palermo, Italy; (F.G.); (L.C.)
| | - Francesco Saverio Robustelli della Cuna
- Environmental Research Center, ICS Maugeri SPA SB, Institute of Pavia, IRCCS, Via Maugeri 2, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (C.S.); (F.S.R.d.C.)
- Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, Viale Taramelli 12, 27100 Pavia, Italy;
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Pérez-Izquierdo C, Jordán Bueso MJ, Del Carmen Rodríguez-Molina M, Pulido F. Spatial Variation in Yield, Chemical Composition, and Phytotoxic Activity of Cistus ladanifer Essential Oils. Chem Biodivers 2023; 20:e202300995. [PMID: 37746842 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202300995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Cistus ladanifer L. (rockrose) is a widespread shrub species of the Mediterranean region with products highly valued by the perfume and cosmetics industry. In this research, the variability in yield, chemical composition and phytotoxic activity of C. ladanifer essential oils collected from 12 plots belonging to four natural populations and settled on two different types of edaphic substrates were evaluated. The essential oils were analyzed by GC-MS. The essential oil content ranged from 0.19 to 0.42 mL/100 g. The volatile profiles were found to be rich in oxygenated sesquiterpenes and oxygenated monoterpenes. PCA analysis clustered the samples into two groups that were mainly attributed to the type of substrate on which the plants grow. Furthermore, CCA and correlation analysis revealed that soil organic matter was the most effective edaphoclimatic driver accounting for these high levels of variation in essential oil yield and composition. Finally, C. ladanifer essential oils showed strong phytotoxic activity on R. sativus seedlings, indicating its potential use as a natural bio-herbicide in agriculture. The results showed that the effect associated to local edaphoclimatic conditions not only impacted on the quality and quantity of the essential oil, but also on the industrial uses derived from its biological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Pérez-Izquierdo
- Instituto de Investigación de la Dehesa (INDEHESA), Universidad de Extremadura, 10600, Plasencia, Spain
| | - María Josefa Jordán Bueso
- Equipo de Cultivos de Secano para el Desarrollo Rural. Instituto Murciano de Investigación y Desarrollo Agrario y Medioambiental (IMIDA), La Alberca, 30150, Murcia, Spain
| | - María Del Carmen Rodríguez-Molina
- Centro de Agricultura Ecológica y de Montaña. Centro de Investigaciones Científicas y Tecnológicas de Extremadura (CICYTEX)., Avenida de España 43, 10600, Plasencia, Spain
| | - Fernando Pulido
- Instituto de Investigación de la Dehesa (INDEHESA), Universidad de Extremadura, 10600, Plasencia, Spain
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Espinosa-Colín M, Hernandez-Caballero I, Infante C, Gago I, García-Muñoz J, Sosa T. Evaluation of Propiophenone, 4-Methylacetophenone and 2',4'-Dimethylacetophenone as Phytotoxic Compounds of Labdanum Oil from Cistus ladanifer L. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1187. [PMID: 36904046 PMCID: PMC10006901 DOI: 10.3390/plants12051187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
This is the first study to evaluate the phytotoxic activity of three phenolic compounds present in the essential oil of the labdanum of Cistus ladanifer, an allelopathic species of the Mediterranean ecosystem. Propiophenone, 4'-methylacetophenone, and 2',4'-dimethylacetophenone slightly inhibit total germination and radicle growth of Lactuca sativa, and they strongly delay germination and reduce hypocotyl size. On the other hand, the inhibition effect of these compounds on Allium cepa was stronger on total germination than on germination rate, and radicle length compared to hypocotyl size. The position and number of methyl groups will affect the efficacy of the derivative. 2',4'-dimethylacetophenone was the most phytotoxic compound. The activity of the compounds depended on their concentration and presented hormetic effects. In L. sativa, on paper, propiophenone presented greater inhibition of hypocotyl size at greater concentrations, with IC50 = 0.1 mM, whereas 4'-methylacetophenone obtained IC50 = 0.4 mM for germination rate. When the mixture of the three compounds was applied, in L. sativa, on paper, the inhibition effect on total germination and the germination rate was significantly greater compared to the effect of the compounds when they were applied separately; moreover, the mixture inhibited radicle growth, whereas propiophenone and 4'-methylacetophenone did not exert such effect when applied separately. The activity of the pure compounds and that of the mixture also changed based on the substrate used. When the trial was conducted in soil, the separate compounds delayed the germination of the A. cepa to a greater extent compared to the trial on paper, although they stimulated seedling growth. In soil, L. sativa against 4'-methylacetophenone also showed the opposite effect at low concentrations (0.1 mM), with stimulation of germination rate, whereas propiophenone and 4'-methylacetophenone presented a slightly increased effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Espinosa-Colín
- Department of Plant Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Irene Hernandez-Caballero
- Department of Anatomy, Cellular Biology and Zoology, Faculty of Science, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Celia Infante
- Department of Forest Resources Technology, Center for Scientific and Technological Research of Extremadura (CICYTEX), 06187 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Irene Gago
- Department of Plant Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Javier García-Muñoz
- Toxicology Unit, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
| | - Teresa Sosa
- Department of Plant Biology, Ecology and Earth Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Extremadura, 06006 Badajoz, Spain
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Pérez-Izquierdo C, Serrano-Pérez P, Rodríguez-Molina MDC. Chemical composition, antifungal and phytotoxic activities of Cistus ladanifer L. essential oil and hydrolate. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2022.102527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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