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Haliloğlu K, Türkoğlu A, Balpınar Ö, Öztürk Hİ, Özkan G, Poczai P. Effects of mammalian sex hormones on in vitro organogenesis of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). Sci Rep 2023; 13:3337. [PMID: 36849811 PMCID: PMC9971183 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-30090-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Beans are an important plant species and are one of the most consumed legumes in human nutrition, especially as a protein, vitamin, mineral, and fiber source. Common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is a plant that also has an important role in natural nitrogen fixation. Currently, in vitro regeneration and micropropagation applications are limited in relation to genetic factors in bean Accordingly, there is great need to optimize micropropagation and tissue culture methods of the bean plant. To date, the effect of mammalian sex hormones (MSH) on in vitro conditions in P. vulgaris L. is poorly understood. This study examined the effects of different types of explants (embryo, hypocotyl, plumule, and radicle), MSH type (progesterone, 17 β-estradiol, estrone, and testosterone), and MSH concentration (10-4, 10-6, 10-8 and 10-10 mmol L-1) on the responding explants induction rate (REI), viability of plantlets rate (VPR), shoot proliferation rate (SPR), root proliferation rate (RPR), and callus induction rate (CIR). The effects of mammalian sex hormones, concentrations, explant type, and their interactions were statistically significant (p ≤ 0.01) in all examined parameters. The best explants were embryo and plumule. Our results showed that the highest REI rate (100%) was recorded when 10-10 mmol L-1 of all MSH was applied to MS medium using the plumule explant. The highest VPR (100%) was obtained when 10-10 mmol L-1 of all MSH was applied to MS medium using the plumule explant. The highest root proliferation rates (77.5%) were recorded in MS medium supplemented with 10-8 mmol L-1 17β-estradiol using embryo explant. The highest percentage of shoot-forming explants (100%) generally was obtained from embryo and plumule cultured in the MS culture medium with low MSH concentration. In addition, the highest CIR (100%) was obtained from embryo and plumule explant cultured in MS medium containing 10-10 mmol L-1 of all MSH types. In conclusion, we observed that mammalian sex hormones may be used in bean in vitro culture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamil Haliloğlu
- grid.411445.10000 0001 0775 759XDepartment of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Ataturk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Aras Türkoğlu
- Department of Field Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, Necmettin Erbakan University, 42310, Konya, Turkey.
| | - Özge Balpınar
- grid.411049.90000 0004 0574 2310Hemp Research Institute, Ondokuz Mayıs University, 55200 Samsun, Turkey
| | - Halil İbrahim Öztürk
- grid.412176.70000 0001 1498 7262Health Services Vocational School, Erzincan Binali Yıldırım University, 24100 Erzincan, Turkey
| | - Güller Özkan
- grid.7256.60000000109409118Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ankara University, 06100 Ankara, Turkey
| | - Peter Poczai
- Botany Unit, Finnish Museum of Natural History, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 7, 00014, Helsinki, Finland.
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The Role of Plant Progesterone in Regulating Growth, Development, and Biotic/Abiotic Stress Responses. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810945. [PMID: 36142864 PMCID: PMC9501841 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Progesterone is a steroid hormone that performs important functions in mammals. However, studies on its physiological functions in plants have gradually increased in recent years. Therefore, this review summarizes the regulatory functions of progesterone on plant growth and development, as well as its response to stress. Moreover, the plant metabolic processes of progesterone are also discussed. Overall, progesterone is ubiquitous in plants and can regulate numerous plant physiological processes at low concentrations. Since progesterone shares similar characteristics with plant hormones, it is expected to become a candidate for plant hormone. However, most of the current research on progesterone in plants is limited to the physiological level, and more molecular level research is needed to clarify progesterone signaling pathways.
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The Effect of Mammalian Sex Hormones on Polymorphism and Genomic Instability in the Common Bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.). PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11152071. [PMID: 35956548 PMCID: PMC9370127 DOI: 10.3390/plants11152071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2022] [Revised: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Mammalian sex hormones are steroid-structured compounds that support the growth and development of plants at low concentrations. Since they affect the physiological processes in plants, it has been thought that mammalian sex hormones may cause modifications to plant genomes and epigenetics. This study aims to determine whether different mammalian sex hormones (17 β-estradiol, estrogen, progesterone, and testosterone) in several concentrations (0, 10−4, 10−6, and 10−8 mM) affect genetic or epigenetic levels in bean plants, using in vitro tissue cultures from plumule explants. We investigated levels of DNA damage, changes in DNA methylation and DNA stability in common bean exposed to mammalian sex hormones (MSH) using inter-primer binding site (iPBS) and Coupled Restriction Enzyme Digestion-iPBS (CRED-iPBS) assays, respectively. The highest rate of polymorphism in iPBS profiles was observed when 10−4 mM of estrogen (52.2%) hormone was administered. This finding indicates that genetic stability is reduced. In the CRED-iPBS profile, which reveals the methylation level associated with the DNA cytosine nucleotide, 10−4 mM of estrogen hormone exhibited the highest hypermethylation value. Polymorphism was observed in all hormone administrations compared to the control (without hormone), and it was determined that genomic stability was decreased at high concentrations. Taken together, the results indicate that 17 β-estradiol, estrogen, progesterone, and testosterone in bean plants affect genomic instability and cause epigenetic modifications, which is an important control mechanism in gene expression.
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Wan J, Wang Q, Zhao J, Zhang X, Guo Z, Hu D, Meng S, Lin Y, Qiu X, Mu L, Ding D, Tang J. Gene expression variation explains maize seed germination heterosis. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:301. [PMID: 35718761 PMCID: PMC9208091 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03690-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heterosis has been extensively utilized in plant breeding, however, the underlying molecular mechanism remains largely elusive. Maize (Zea mays), which exhibits strong heterosis, is an ideal material for studying heterosis. RESULTS In this study, there is faster imbibition and development in reciprocal crossing Zhengdan958 hybrids than in their parent lines during seed germination. To investigate the mechanism of heterosis of maize germination, comparative transcriptomic analyses were conducted. The gene expression patterns showed that 1324 (47.27%) and 1592 (66.44%) of the differential expression genes between hybrids and either parental line display parental dominance up or higher levels in the reciprocal cross of Zhengdan958, respectively. Notably, these genes were mainly enriched in metabolic pathways, including carbon metabolism, glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, protein processing in endoplasmic reticulum, etc. CONCLUSION: Our results provide evidence for the higher expression level genes in hybrid involved in metabolic pathways acting as main contributors to maize seed germinating heterosis. These findings provide new insights into the gene expression variation of maize embryos and improve the understanding of maize seed germination heterosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiong Wan
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Qiyue Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Jiawen Zhao
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Xuehai Zhang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Zhanyong Guo
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Desheng Hu
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Shujun Meng
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Yuan Lin
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Xiaoqian Qiu
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Liqin Mu
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China
| | - Dong Ding
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
| | - Jihua Tang
- National Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
- The Shennong Laboratory, Zhengzhou, 450002, China.
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