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Velimirović A, Jovović Z, Perović D, Lehnert H, Mikić S, Mandić D, Pržulj N, Mangini G, Finetti-Sialer MM. SNP Diversity and Genetic Structure of "Rogosija", an Old Western Balkan Durum Wheat Collection. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1157. [PMID: 36904017 PMCID: PMC10005349 DOI: 10.3390/plants12051157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Durum wheat landraces represent a genetic resource for the identification and isolation of new valuable genes and alleles, useful to increase the crop adaptability to climate change. Several durum wheat landraces, all denominated "Rogosija", were extensively cultivated in the Western Balkan Peninsula until the first half of the 20th century. Within the conservation program of the Montenegro Plant Gene Bank, these landraces were collected, but without being characterized. The main goal of this study was to estimate the genetic diversity of the "Rogosija collection" consisting of 89 durum accessions, using 17 morphological descriptors and the 25K Illumina single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) array. The genetic structure analysis of the Rogosija collection showed two distinguished clusters localized in two different Montenegro eco-geographic micro-areas, characterized by continental Mediterranean climate and maritime Mediterranean climate. Data suggest that these clusters could be composed of two different Balkan durum landrace collections evolved in two different eco-geographic micro-areas. Moreover, the origin of Balkan durum landraces is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Velimirović
- Biotechnical Faculty Podgorica, University of Montenegro, Mihaila Lalića 15, 81000 Podgorica, Montenegro
| | - Zoran Jovović
- Biotechnical Faculty Podgorica, University of Montenegro, Mihaila Lalića 15, 81000 Podgorica, Montenegro
| | - Dragan Perović
- Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Resistance Research and Stress Tolerance, Julius Kuehn-Institute, Erwin-Baur-Strasse 27, 06484 Quedlinburg, Germany
| | - Heike Lehnert
- Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants, Institute for Biosafety in Plant Biotechnology, Julius Kuehn-Institute, Erwin-Baur-Strasse 27, 06484 Quedlinburg, Germany
| | - Sanja Mikić
- Institute of Field and Vegetable Crops, Maksima Gorkog 30, 21101 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Dragan Mandić
- Agricultural Institute of Republika Srpska, Knjaza Miloša 17, 78000 Banja Luka, Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Novo Pržulj
- Faculty of Agriculture, University of Banjaluka, Bulevar vojvode P. Bojovića 1a, 78000 Banja Luka, Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Giacomo Mangini
- Institute of Biosciences and Bioresources, National Research Council (IBBR-CNR), Via Amendola 165/A, 70126 Bari, Italy
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