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Najafabadi SS, Doudi M, Tahmourespour A, Amiri G, Rezayatmand Z. Assessment of Antimicrobial Activity of Chitosan, ZnO, and Urtica dioica-ZnO NPs Against Staphylococcus aureus Isolated from Diabetic Ulcers. Curr Microbiol 2024; 81:295. [PMID: 39096343 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-024-03633-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/05/2024]
Abstract
Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is considered as one of the challenging ulcer infections in diabetic patients especially those who have acquired antibiotic-resistant infections. Nanotechnology products have enormous potential to treat diseases including infectious diseases. As chitosan and zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles (NPs) have harbored a high antimicrobial effect, this survey was aimed to synthesize chitosan, ZnO, and ZnO-Urtica. diocia (ZnO-U. diocia) NPs, and to assess their antimicrobial effects and their influence on virulence genes expression in S. aureus isolates from diabetic ulcers. The antibacterial effect of NPs was detected by microdilution method. The most frequently components in U. diocia aqueous extract were linalool,4-thujanol, camphor, carvacrol, propanedioic acid, and di(butyl) phthalate. More than 95% of clinical S. aureus isolates were resistant to several antibiotics including erythromycin, cefoxitin, clindamycin, and ciprofloxacin. The most resistant isolates were S. aureus ATDS 52, ATDS 53, F5232, and F91. The lowest MIC and MBC by the NPs on the isolates was detected as 0.128 g/mL and 0.178 g/mL, respectively. A significant decrease of 90% in the expression rates of lukED and RNAIII genes was reported for S. aureus isolates treated with the NPs. The synthetized ZnO-U. diocia and chitosan NPs can be proposed as a reliable and effective antimicrobial agent targeting diabetic ulcers infections caused by S. aureus because of its high effects on the bacterial growth and virulence genes expression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Monir Doudi
- Department of Microbiology, Falavarjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Falavarjan, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Arezoo Tahmourespour
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Gholamreza Amiri
- Department of Basic Sciences, Falavarjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Falavarjan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Zahra Rezayatmand
- Department of Biology, Falavarjan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Falavarjan, Isfahan, Iran
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Soni J, Revathi D, Dhanraj G, Ramasubburayan R. Bioinspired green synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles by marine-derived Streptomyces plicatus and its multifaceted biomedicinal properties. Microb Pathog 2024; 193:106758. [PMID: 38906493 DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2024.106758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2024] [Revised: 06/13/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
The present study explores the bioinspired green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) using marine Streptomyces plicatus and its potent antibacterial, antibiofilm activity against dental caries forming Streptococcus mutans MTCC and S. mutans clinical isolate (CI), cytotoxicity against oral KB cancer cells, hemolysis against blood erythrocytes and artemia toxicity. The bioinspired ZnONPs showed a distinctive absorption peak at 375 nm in UV-Vis spectra, the FT-IR spectra divulged the active functional groups, and XRD confirmed the crystalline nature of the nanoparticles with an average grain size of 41.76 nm. SEM analysis evidenced hexagonal morphology, and EDX spectra affirmed the presence of zinc. The ZnONPs exerted higher antagonistic activity against S. mutans MTCC (Inhibitory zone: 19 mm; MIC: 75 μg/ml) than S. mutans CI (Inhibitory zone: 17 mm; MIC: 100 μg/ml). Results of biofilm inhibitory activity showed a concentration-dependent reduction with S. mutans MTCC (15 %-95 %) more sensitive than S. mutans CI (13 %-89 %). The 50 % biofilm inhibitory concentration (BIC50) of ZnONPs against S. mutans MTCC was considerably lower (71.76 μg/ml) than S. mutans CI (78.13 μg/ml). Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopic visuals clearly implied that ZnONPs effectively distorted the biofilm architecture of both S. mutans MTCC and S. mutans CI. This was further bolstered by a remarkable rise in protein leakage (19 %-85 %; 15 %-77 %) and a fall in exopolysaccharide production (34 mg-7 mg; 49 mg-12 mg). MTT cytotoxicity of ZnONPs recorded an IC50 value of 22.06 μg/ml against KB cells. Acridine orange/ethidium bromide staining showed an increasing incidence of apoptosis in KB cells. Brine shrimp cytotoxicity using Artemia salina larvae recorded an LC50 value of 78.41 μg/ml. Hemolysis assay substantiated the biocompatibility of the ZnONPs. This study underscores the multifaceted application of bioinspired ZnONPs in dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeesha Soni
- Department of Prosthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Duraisamy Revathi
- Department of Prosthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Ganapathy Dhanraj
- Department of Prosthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Ramasamy Ramasubburayan
- Department of Prosthodontics, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamilnadu, India.
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Biosynthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles using aqueous extract of Andrographis alata: Characterization, optimization and assessment of their antibacterial, antioxidant, antidiabetic and anti-Alzheimer's properties. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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Al-Gheethi AA, Alagamalai RA, Noman EA, Saphira Radin Mohamed RM, Naidu R. Degredation of cephalexin toxicity in non-clinical environment using zinc oxide nanoparticles synthesized in Momordica charantia extract; Numerical prediction models and deep learning classification. Chem Eng Res Des 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2023.02.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
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Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles (ZnO NPs), Biosynthesis, Characterization and Evaluation of Their Impact to Improve Shoot Growth and to Reduce Salt Toxicity on Salvia officinalis In Vitro Cultivated. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10071273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Green synthesis of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) using plant extracts have recently attracted considerable attention due to their environmental protection benefits and their easy and low cost of fabrication. In the current study, ZnO NPS were synthesized using the aqueous extract of Ochradenus arabicus as a capping and reducing agent. The obtained ZnO NPs were firstly characterized using ultraviolet visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), transmission electron microscope (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive X-ray absorption (EDX), zeta potential, and zeta size. All these techniques confirmed the characteristic features of the biogenic synthesized ZnO NPs. Then, ZnO NPs were evaluated for their effects on morphological, biochemical, and physiological parameters of Salvia officinalis cultured in Murashige and Skoog medium containing 0, 75, 100, and 150 mM of NaCl. The results showed that ZnO NPs at a dose of 10 mg/L significantly increased the shoot number, shoot fresh weight, and shoot dry weight of Salvia officinalis subjected or not to the salt stress. For the shoot length, a slight increase of 4.3% was recorded in the plant treated by 150 mM NaCl+10 mg/L ZnO NPs compared to the plant treated only with 150 mM of NaCl. On the other hand, without NaCl, the application of both concentrations 10 mg/L and 30 mg/L of ZnO NPs significantly improved the total chlorophyll content by 30.3% and 21.8%, respectively. Under 150 mM of NaCl, the addition of 10 mg/L of ZnO NPs enhanced the total chlorophyll by 1.5 times, whilst a slight decrease of total chlorophyll was recorded in the plants treated by 150 mM NaCl + 30 mg/L ZnO NPs. Additionally, ZnO NPs significantly enhance the proline accumulation and the antioxidative enzyme activities of catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione reductase (GR) in plants under salinity. Our findings revealed that green synthesized ZnO NPs, especially at a dose of 10 mg/L, play a crucial role in growth enhancement and salt stress mitigation. Hence, this biosynthesized ZnO NPs at a concentration of 10 mg/L can be considered as effective nanofertilizers for the plants grown in salty areas.
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Sohail, Sawati L, Ferrari E, Stierhof YD, Kemmerling B, Mashwani ZUR. Molecular Effects of Biogenic Zinc Nanoparticles on the Growth and Development of Brassica napus L. Revealed by Proteomics and Transcriptomics. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:798751. [PMID: 35548317 PMCID: PMC9082993 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.798751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Plants are indispensable on earth and their improvement in terms of food security is a need of time. The current study has been designed to investigate how biogenic zinc nanoparticles (Zn NPs) can improve the growth and development of Brassica napus L. In this study, Zn NPs were synthesized utilizing Mentha arvensis aqueous extracts, and their morphological and optical properties were assessed using UV-Visible spectrophotometry, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The synthesized Zn NPs were irregular in shape, indicating aggregation in pattern, with an average particle size of 30 nm, while XRD analysis revealed the crystalline structure of nanoparticles. The growth and development of B. napus varieties (Faisal canola and Shiralee) were assessed after foliar treatments with different concentrations of biogenic Zn NPs. In B. napus varieties, exposure to 15 mg/L Zn NPs dramatically increased chlorophyll, carotenoid content, and biomass accumulation. Similarly, proteomic analyses, on the other hand, revealed that proteins associated with photosynthesis, transport, glycolysis, and stress response in both Brassica varieties were substantially altered. Such exposure to Zn NPs, differential expression of genes associated with photosynthesis, ribosome structural constituents, and oxidative stress response were considerably upregulated in B. napus var. (Faisal and Shiralee canola). The results of this study revealed that foliar applications of biogenic Zn NPs influence the transcriptome and protein profiling positively, therefore stimulating plant growth and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohail
- Department of Botany, Pir Mehr Ali Shah (PMAS)-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
- Center for Plant Molecular Biology (ZMBP), University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Institute of Biology/Plant Physiology, Humboldt-University Zü Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Laraib Sawati
- Department of Chemical and Life Sciences, Qurtuba University of Science and Information Technology, Peshawar, Pakistan
| | - Elenora Ferrari
- Center for Plant Molecular Biology (ZMBP), University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - York-Dieter Stierhof
- Center for Plant Molecular Biology (ZMBP), University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Birgit Kemmerling
- Center for Plant Molecular Biology (ZMBP), University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Zia-ur-Rehman Mashwani
- Department of Botany, Pir Mehr Ali Shah (PMAS)-Arid Agriculture University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
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