Prohydrojasmon Promotes the Accumulation of Phenolic Compounds in Red Leaf Lettuce

Long-Chain Molecules with Agro-Bioactivities and Their Applications

Long-chain molecules play a vital role in agricultural production and find extensive use as fungicides, insecticides, acaricides, herbicides, and plant growth regulators. This review article specifically addresses the agricultural biological activities and applications of long-chain molecules. The utilization of long-chain molecules in the development of pesticides is an appealing avenue for designing novel pesticide compounds. By offering valuable insights, this article serves as a useful reference for the design of new long-chain molecules for pesticide applications.

Effects of light quality, photoperiod, CO2 concentration, and air temperature on chlorogenic acid and rutin accumulation in young lettuce plants

Environmental stimuli modulate plant metabolite accumulation, facilitating adaptation to stressful conditions. In this study, the effects of blue and red light, photoperiod, CO2 concentration, and air temperature on the chlorogenic acid (CGA) and rutin contents of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.) were evaluated. Under continuous blue light and a high CO2 concentration (1000 ppm), the CGA level increased. The increased expression of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) and activity of its product were correlated with high expression of cinnamate 4-hydroxylase (C4H) and coumarate 3-hydroxylase (C3H). Furthermore, changes in PAL activity altered the CGA content in lettuce exposed to the three environmental factors, blue light, continuous lighting and high CO2 concentration. In addition, the expression levels of genes related to flavonoid biosynthesis increased in accordance with the promotion of CGA accumulation by the environmental factors. Under continuous blue light, 400 ppm CO2 promoted rutin accumulation to a greater degree compared to 1000 ppm CO2, by downregulating DFR expression. Low air temperature induced CGA accumulation in lettuce grown under continuous blue light and 1000 ppm CO2. Therefore, light quality, photoperiod, CO2 concentration, and air temperature exert synergistic effects on the CGA and rutin contents of lettuce by modulating activity in the corresponding biosynthesis pathways.

Post-harvest Application of Methyl Jasmonate or Prohydrojasmon Affects Color Development and Anthocyanins Biosynthesis in Peach by Regulation of Sucrose Metabolism

The roles of methyl jasmonate (MeJA) and prohydrojasmon (PDJ) in postharvest color development and anthocyanins biosynthesis in the skin of peach fruit remain unclear. In this study, peach fruit were infiltrated with MeJA (200 μM) or PDJ (40 μM) and stored at 22°C for 7 days. The results showed that treatment with MeJA or PDJ had a positive effect on red color formation in peach fruits due to anthocyanins accumulation (∼120% increase). This was attributed to increased enzyme activities, and enhanced transcript abundance of the genes associated with anthocyanins biosynthesis, induced by MeJA or PDJ. Both MeJA and PDJ promoted sucrose biosynthesis, and the subsequently elevated levels of the sucrose during storage were positively correlated with anthocyanins accumulation (0.49) and the activities of key biosynthesis enzymes (0.42-0.79). Based on these findings, we proposed that MeJA or PDJ treatments promote anthocyanins biosynthesis by regulating sucrose metabolism during the postharvest storage of peach fruit.