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Abbas ZK, Al-Huqail AA, Abdel Kawy AH, Abdulhai RA, Albalawi DA, AlShaqhaa MA, Alsubeie MS, Darwish DBE, Abdelhameed AA, Soudy FA, Makki RM, Aljabri M, Al-Sulami N, Ali M, Zayed M. Harnessing de novo transcriptome sequencing to identify and characterize genes regulating carbohydrate biosynthesis pathways in Salvia guaranitica L. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2024; 15:1467432. [PMID: 39391775 PMCID: PMC11464306 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1467432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 10/12/2024]
Abstract
Introduction Carbohydrate compounds serve multifaceted roles, from energy sources to stress protectants, found across diverse organisms including bacteria, fungi, and plants. Despite this broad importance, the molecular genetic framework underlying carbohydrate biosynthesis pathways, such as starch, sucrose, and glycolysis/gluconeogenesis in Salvia guaranitica, remains largely unexplored. Methods In this study, the Illumina-HiSeq 2500 platform was used to sequence the transcripts of S. guaranitica leaves, generating approximately 8.2 Gb of raw data. After filtering and removing adapter sequences, 38 million reads comprising 210 million high-quality nucleotide bases were obtained. De novo assembly resulted in 75,100 unigenes, which were annotated to establish a comprehensive database for investigating starch, sucrose, and glycolysis biosynthesis. Functional analyses of glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (SgGPI), trehalose-6-phosphate synthase/phosphatase (SgT6PS), and sucrose synthase (SgSUS) were performed using transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana. Results Among the unigenes, 410 were identified as putatively involved in these metabolic pathways, including 175 related to glycolysis/gluconeogenesis and 235 to starch and sucrose biosynthesis. Overexpression of SgGPI, SgT6PS, and SgSUS in transgenic A. thaliana enhanced leaf area, accelerated flower formation, and promoted overall growth compared to wild-type plants. Discussion These findings lay a foundation for understanding the roles of starch, sucrose, and glycolysis biosynthesis genes in S. guaranitica, offering insights into future metabolic engineering strategies for enhancing the production of valuable carbohydrate compounds in S. guaranitica or other plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahid Khorshid Abbas
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | - Arwa Abdulkreem Al-Huqail
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Aesha H. Abdel Kawy
- Plant Ecophysiology Unit, Plant Ecology and Range Management Department, Desert Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Rabab A. Abdulhai
- Botany Department, Faculty of Women, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Doha A. Albalawi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
- Biodiversity Genomics Unit, Faculty of Science, University of Tabuk, Tabuk, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Moodi Saham Alsubeie
- Biology Department, College of Science, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Ahmed Ali Abdelhameed
- Agricultural Botany Department (Genetics), Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Assuit, Egypt
| | - Fathia A. Soudy
- Genetics and Genetic Engineering Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Benha University, Moshtohor, Egypt
| | - Rania M. Makki
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha Aljabri
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nadiah Al-Sulami
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed Ali
- Maryout Research Station, Genetic Resources Department, Desert Research Center, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Muhammad Zayed
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Menoufia University, Shebin El-Kom, Egypt
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Wang S, Zhang L, Zhang L, Yong K, Chen T, Cao L, Lu M. SlMDH3 Interacts with Autophagy Receptor Protein SlATI1 and Positively Regulates Tomato Heat Tolerance. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7000. [PMID: 39000108 PMCID: PMC11241746 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25137000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2024] [Revised: 06/20/2024] [Accepted: 06/20/2024] [Indexed: 07/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Autophagy, a highly conserved protein degradation system, plays an important role in protecting cells from adverse environmental conditions. ATG8-INTERACTING PROTEIN1 (ATI1) acts as an autophagy receptor, but its functional mechanisms in plants' heat stress tolerance remain unclear. In this study, using LC-MS/MS, we identified malate dehydrogenase (SlMDH3) as a SlATI1-interacting protein. Further studies showed that heat stress induced the expression of SlMDH3 and SlMDH3 co-localized with SlATI1 under both 22 °C and 42 °C heat treatment conditions. Moreover, silencing of SlMDH3 increased the sensitivity of tomato to heat stress, as evidenced by exacerbated degradation of chlorophyll; accumulation of MDA, H2O2, and dead cells; increased relative conductivity; and inhibition of stress-related gene expression. Conversely, overexpression of SlMDH3 improved tomato's heat tolerance, leading to opposite effects on physiological indicators and gene expression compared to SlMDH3 silencing. Taken together, our study suggests that SlMDH3 interacts with SlATI1 and positively regulates tomato heat tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sitian Wang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (S.W.); (L.Z.); (L.Z.); (K.Y.); (T.C.)
| | - Li Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (S.W.); (L.Z.); (L.Z.); (K.Y.); (T.C.)
| | - Linyang Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (S.W.); (L.Z.); (L.Z.); (K.Y.); (T.C.)
| | - Kang Yong
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (S.W.); (L.Z.); (L.Z.); (K.Y.); (T.C.)
| | - Tao Chen
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (S.W.); (L.Z.); (L.Z.); (K.Y.); (T.C.)
| | - Lijun Cao
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA;
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC 27708, USA
| | - Minghui Lu
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China; (S.W.); (L.Z.); (L.Z.); (K.Y.); (T.C.)
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Pan L, Yang N, Sui Y, Li Y, Zhao W, Zhang L, Mu L, Tang Z. Altitudinal Variation on Metabolites, Elements, and Antioxidant Activities of Medicinal Plant Asarum. Metabolites 2023; 13:1193. [PMID: 38132875 PMCID: PMC10745449 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13121193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Asarum (Asarum sieboldii Miq. f. seoulense (Nakai) C. Y. Cheng et C. S. Yang) is a medicinal plant that contains asarinin and sesamin, which possess extensive medicinal value. The adaptation and distribution of Asarum's plant growth are significantly affected by altitude. Although most studies on Asarum have concentrated on its pharmacological activities, little is known about its growth and metabolites with respect to altitude. In this study, the physiology, ionomics, and metabolomics were investigated and conducted on the leaves and roots of Asarum along an altitude gradient, and the content of its medicinal components was determined. The results showed that soil pH and temperature both decreased along the altitude, which restricts the growth of Asarum. The accumulation of TOC, Cu, Mg, and other mineral elements enhanced the photosynthetic capacity and leaf plasticity of Asarum in high-altitude areas. A metabolomics analysis revealed that, at high altitude, nitrogen metabolism in leaves was enhanced, while carbon metabolism in roots was enhanced. Furthermore, the metabolic pathways of some phenolic substances, including syringic acid, vanillic acid, and ferulic acid, were altered to enhance the metabolism of organic acids. The study uncovered the growth and metabolic responses of Asarum to varying altitudes, providing a theoretical foundation for the utilization and cultivation of Asarum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liben Pan
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (L.P.); (Y.L.); (W.Z.)
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China;
| | - Nan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China;
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China;
| | - Yushu Sui
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China;
| | - Yi Li
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (L.P.); (Y.L.); (W.Z.)
| | - Wen Zhao
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (L.P.); (Y.L.); (W.Z.)
| | - Liqiu Zhang
- School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Tonghua Normal University, Tonghua 134002, China;
| | - Liqiang Mu
- School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; (L.P.); (Y.L.); (W.Z.)
| | - Zhonghua Tang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China;
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China;
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Ye N, Wang Y, Yu H, Qin Z, Zhang J, Duan M, Liu L. Abscisic Acid Enhances Trehalose Content via OsTPP3 to Improve Salt Tolerance in Rice Seedlings. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:2665. [PMID: 37514279 PMCID: PMC10383865 DOI: 10.3390/plants12142665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Salt stress is one of the major environmental stresses that imposes constraints to plant growth and production. Abscisic acid (ABA) has been well-proven to function as a central integrator in plant under salt stress, and trehalose (Tre) has emerged as an excellent osmolyte to induce salt tolerance. However, the interacting mechanism between ABA and Tre in rice seedlings under salt stress is still obscure. Here, we found that the application of exogenous Tre significantly promoted the salt tolerance of rice seedlings by enhancing the activities of antioxidant enzymes. In addition, the expression of OsNCED3 was significantly induced by salt stress. The overexpression of the OsNCED3 gene enhanced the salt tolerance, while the knockout of OsNCED3 reduced the salt tolerance of the rice seedlings. Metabolite analysis revealed that the Tre content was increased in the OsNCED3-overexpressing seedlings and reduced in the nced3 mutant. The application of both ABA and Tre improved the salt tolerance of the nced3 mutant when compared with the WT seedling. OsTPP3 was found to be induced by both the ABA and salt treatments. Consistent with the OsNCED3 gene, the overexpression of OsTPP3 enhanced salt tolerance while the knockout of OsTPP3 reduced the salt tolerance of the rice seedlings. In addition, the Tre content was also higher in the OsTPP3-overexpressing seedling and lower in the tpp3 mutant seedling than the WT plant. The application of exogenous Tre also enhanced the salt tolerance of the tpp3 mutant plant. Overall, our results demonstrate that salt-increased ABA activated the expression of OsTPP3, which resulted in elevated Tre content and thus an improvement in the salt tolerance of rice seedlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nenghui Ye
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Rice Stress Biology, College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Molecular Biology, Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Yuxing Wang
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Rice Stress Biology, College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Huihui Yu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Rice Stress Biology, College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Zhonge Qin
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Rice Stress Biology, College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, China
- School of Life Sciences and State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Meijuan Duan
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Rice Stress Biology, College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Molecular Biology, Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Ling Liu
- Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Rice Stress Biology, College of Agronomy, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Molecular Biology, Ministry of Education, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China
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Salicylic Acid Treatment Alleviates the Heat Stress Response by Reducing the Intracellular ROS Level and Increasing the Cytosolic Trehalose Content in Pleurotus ostreatus. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0311322. [PMID: 36507658 PMCID: PMC9927586 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.03113-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Pleurotus ostreatus is usually cultivated in horticultural facilities that lack environmental control systems and often suffer heat stress (HS). Salicylic acid (SA) is recognized as a plant defense-related hormone. Here, SA treatment (200 μM) induced fungal resistance to HS of P. ostreatus, with decreased malondialdehyde (MDA) content and HSP expression. Further analysis showed that SA treatment in P. ostreatus increased the cytosolic trehalose content and reduced the intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) level. Moreover, H2O2 could restore the MDA content and HSP expression of P. ostreatus treated with SA under HS. In addition, trehalose (25 mM) or CaCl2 (5 mM) treatment induced fungal resistance to HS, and CaCl2 treatment increased the cytosolic trehalose content of P. ostreatus under HS. However, inhibiting Ca2+ levels using Ca2+ inhibitors or mutants reversed the trehalose content induced by SA in P. ostreatus under HS. In addition, inhibiting trehalose biosynthesis using Tps-silenced strains reversed the MDA content and HSP expression of P. ostreatus treated with SA under HS. Taken together, these results indicate that SA treatment alleviates the HS response of P. ostreatus by reducing the intracellular ROS level and increasing the cytosolic trehalose content. IMPORTANCE Heat stress (HS) is a crucial environmental challenge for edible fungi. Salicylic acid (SA), a plant defense-related hormone, plays key roles in plant responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. In this study, we found that SA treatment increased the cytosolic trehalose content and induced fungal resistance to HS in P. ostreatus. Further analysis showed that SA can alleviate the HS of P. ostreatus by reducing the intracellular ROS level and increasing the cytosolic trehalose content. Our results help to understand the mechanism underlying the responses of P. ostreatus to HS. In addition, this research provides new insights for the cultivation of P. ostreatus.
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Transcriptome Analysis of Heat Shock Factor C2a Over-Expressing Wheat Roots Reveals Ferroptosis-like Cell Death in Heat Stress Recovery. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043099. [PMID: 36834507 PMCID: PMC9967677 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) growing areas in many regions of the world are subject to heat waves which are predicted to increase in frequency because of climate change. The engineering of crop plants can be a useful strategy to mitigate heat stress-caused yield losses. Previously, we have shown that heat shock factor subclass C (TaHsfC2a-B)-overexpression significantly increased the survival of heat-stressed wheat seedlings. Although previous studies have shown that the overexpression of Hsf genes enhanced the survival of plants under heat stress, the molecular mechanisms are largely unknown. To understand the underlying molecular mechanisms involved in this response, a comparative analysis of the root transcriptomes of untransformed control and TaHsfC2a-overexpressing wheat lines by RNA-sequencing have been performed. The results of RNA-sequencing indicated that the roots of TaHsfC2a-overexpressing wheat seedlings showed lower transcripts of hydrogen peroxide-producing peroxidases, which corresponds to the reduced accumulation of hydrogen peroxide along the roots. In addition, suites of genes from iron transport and nicotianamine-related gene ontology categories showed lower transcript abundance in the roots of TaHsfC2a-overexpressing wheat roots than in the untransformed control line following heat stress, which are in accordance with the reduction in iron accumulation in the roots of transgenic plants under heat stress. Overall, these results suggested the existence of ferroptosis-like cell death under heat stress in wheat roots, and that TaHsfC2a is a key player in this mechanism. To date, this is the first evidence to show that a Hsf gene plays a key role in ferroptosis under heat stress in plants. In future, the role of Hsf genes could be further studied on ferroptosis in plants to identify root-based marker genes to screen for heat-tolerant genotypes.
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Sehgal D, Dhakate P, Ambreen H, Shaik KHB, Rathan ND, Anusha NM, Deshmukh R, Vikram P. Wheat Omics: Advancements and Opportunities. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:426. [PMID: 36771512 PMCID: PMC9919419 DOI: 10.3390/plants12030426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Plant omics, which includes genomics, transcriptomics, metabolomics and proteomics, has played a remarkable role in the discovery of new genes and biomolecules that can be deployed for crop improvement. In wheat, great insights have been gleaned from the utilization of diverse omics approaches for both qualitative and quantitative traits. Especially, a combination of omics approaches has led to significant advances in gene discovery and pathway investigations and in deciphering the essential components of stress responses and yields. Recently, a Wheat Omics database has been developed for wheat which could be used by scientists for further accelerating functional genomics studies. In this review, we have discussed various omics technologies and platforms that have been used in wheat to enhance the understanding of the stress biology of the crop and the molecular mechanisms underlying stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deepmala Sehgal
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center (CIMMYT), El Batán, Texcoco 56237, Mexico
- Syngenta, Jealott’s Hill International Research Centre, Bracknell, Berkshire RG42 6EY, UK
| | - Priyanka Dhakate
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi 110076, India
| | - Heena Ambreen
- School of Life Sciences, University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9RH, UK
| | - Khasim Hussain Baji Shaik
- Faculty of Agriculture Sciences, Georg-August-Universität, Wilhelmsplatz 1, 37073 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Nagenahalli Dharmegowda Rathan
- Indian Agricultural Research Institute (ICAR-IARI), New Delhi 110012, India
- Corteva Agriscience, Hyderabad 502336, Telangana, India
| | | | - Rupesh Deshmukh
- Department of Biotechnology, Central University of Haryana, Mahendragarh 123031, Haryana, India
| | - Prashant Vikram
- Bioseed Research India Ltd., Hyderabad 5023324, Telangana, India
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Guo J, Wang Z, Qu L, Hu Y, Lu D. Transcriptomic and alternative splicing analyses provide insights into the roles of exogenous salicylic acid ameliorating waxy maize seedling growth under heat stress. BMC PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 22:432. [PMID: 36076169 PMCID: PMC9461148 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-022-03822-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Salicylic acid (SA) is a phytohormone which works to regulate the abiotic stress response of plants. However, the molecular mechanism by which SA mediates heat tolerance in waxy maize (Zea mays L. sinsensis Kulesh) remains unknown. RESULTS Two varieties of waxy maize seedlings, heat-tolerant 'Yunuo7' (Y7) and heat-sensitive 'Suyunuo5' (S5), were pretreated with SA prior to heat stress (HTS). After treatment, physiological and transcriptomic changes were analyzed. Compared with HTS, the exogenous application of SA enhanced the shoot dry weight, the activities of antioxidant enzymes (e.g., SOD, POD, CAT and APX), and the concentration of endogenous phytohormones (e.g., SA, ABA, IAA, GA3), while decreased the MDA content. Transcriptome analysis showed that the number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) identified in the control (CK) vs HTS and HTS vs HTS + SA comparisons were more in S5 than in Y7. HTS induced the downregulation of genes involved in photosynthesis and the upregulation of genes encoding heat shock transcription factors (HSFs) and heat shock proteins (HSPs). Compared with HTS, SA pretreatment reversed the expression of 5 photosynthesis-related genes, 26 phytohormone-related genes, and all genes encoding HSFs and HSPs in S5. Furthermore, the number of alternative splicing (AS) events increased under HTS treatment for both varieties, while decreased under SA pretreatment of S5. Differentially spliced genes (DSGs) showed little overlap with DEGs, and DEGs and DSGs differed significantly in functional enrichment. CONCLUSIONS Physiological and transcriptional together indicated that HTS and SA pretreatment had a greater effect on S5 than Y7. Additionally, it appears that transcriptional regulation and AS work synergistically to enhance thermotolerance in heat-sensitive waxy maize. Our study revealed the regulatory effects and underlying molecular mechanisms of SA on waxy maize seedling under HTS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology/Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Zitao Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology/Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingling Qu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology/Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Yifan Hu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology/Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China
| | - Dalei Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Physiology/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Crop Cultivation and Physiology/Agricultural College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China.
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Modern Production Technology of Grain Crops, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China.
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Agriculture and Agri-Product Safety of the Ministry of Education, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, 225009, People's Republic of China.
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Trehalose: a promising osmo-protectant against salinity stress-physiological and molecular mechanisms and future prospective. Mol Biol Rep 2022; 49:11255-11271. [PMID: 35802276 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-022-07681-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Salt stress is one of the leading threats to crop growth and productivity across the globe. Salt stress induces serious alterations in plant physiological, metabolic, biochemical functioning and it also disturbs antioxidant activities, cellular membranes, photosynthetic performance, nutrient uptake and plant water uptake and resulting in a significant reduction in growth and production. The application of osmoprotectants is considered as an important strategy to induce salt tolerance in plants. Trehalose (Tre) has emerged an excellent osmolyte to induce salinity tolerance and it got considerable attention in recent times. Under salinity stress, Tre helps to maintain the membrane integrity, and improves plant water relations, nutrient uptake and reduces the electrolyte leakage and lipid per-oxidation. Tre also improves gas exchange characteristics, protects the photosynthetic apparatus from salinity induced oxidative damages and brings ultra-structure changes in the plant body to induce salinity tolerance. Moreover, Tre also improves antioxidant activities and expression of stress responsive proteins and genes and confers salt tolerance in plants. Additionally, Tre is also involved in signaling association with signaling molecules and phytohormones and resultantly improved the plant performance under salt stress. Thus, it is interesting to understand the role of Tre in mediating the salinity tolerance in plants. Therefore, in this review we have summarized the different physiological and molecular roles of Tre to induce salt tolerance in plants. Moreover, we have also provided the information on Tre cross-talk with various osmolytes and hormones, and its role in stress responsive genes and antioxidant activities. Lastly, we also shed light on research gaps that need to be addressed in future studies. Therefore, this review will help the scientists to learn more about the Tre in changing climate conditions and it will also provide new insights to insights that could be used to develop salinity tolerance in plants.
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Raza A, Su W, Jia Z, Luo D, Zhang Y, Gao A, Hussain MA, Mehmood SS, Cheng Y, Lv Y, Zou X. Mechanistic Insights Into Trehalose-Mediated Cold Stress Tolerance in Rapeseed ( Brassica napus L.) Seedlings. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:857980. [PMID: 35360297 PMCID: PMC8961026 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.857980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Cold stress (CS) severely affects several physiological, biochemical, and molecular mechanisms and limits the growth and production of rapeseed (Brassica napus L.). Trehalose (Tre) acts as a growth modulator, which is extensively used to improve the tolerance to multiple plant stresses. Further, Tre also serves as an external force in inducing plant signaling molecules, regulating the expression of stress-responsive genes, and enhancing the CS tolerance in plants. Nevertheless, the importance of exogenous Tre in improving the CS tolerance in rapeseed is still unclear. Therefore, the current study was designed to get mechanistic insights into Tre-mediated CS tolerance in rapeseed seedlings. To explore the Tre role, we designed four treatments [control (CK), CK + 20 mM L-1 Tre, Cold, and Cold + 20 mM L-1 Tre] and three CS conditions (4, 0, and -4°C). The results showed that Tre treatments significantly mitigated the adverse effects of CS on the seedlings and increased the survival rate of Tre-treated seedlings under CS conditions. The exogenous Tre dramatically increased the contents of osmoprotectants, including the soluble sugar (SS), soluble protein (SP), and proline (Pro), and the activities of antioxidant enzymes, such as catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) were also increased under CS conditions. Additionally, Tre decreased the malondialdehyde (MDA) contents to protect the rapeseed seedlings. Moreover, Tre also remarkably augmented the expression levels of antioxidant genes (CAT12, POD34, and FSD7), CS-responsive marker genes (CBF1, CBF2, CBF4, COR6.6, COR15, COR25, COL1, and KIN1), and Tre-biosynthesis genes (TPS4, TPS8, and TPS9). Briefly, exogenous Tre not only regulates the antioxidant and osmotic balance, but it also significantly participates in Tre metabolism and signaling network to improve the CS tolerance in rapeseed. Thus, Tre-induced supervisory connections between physiological or/and biochemical attributes provide information to dissect the mechanisms of Tre-mediated CS tolerance.
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