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Morgounov A, Babkenov A, Ben C, Chudinov V, Dolinny Y, Dreisigacker S, Fedorenko E, Gentzbittel L, Rasheed A, Savin T, Shepelev S, Zhapayev R, Shamanin V. Molecular Markers Help with Breeding for Agronomic Traits of Spring Wheat in Kazakhstan and Siberia. Genes (Basel) 2024; 15:86. [PMID: 38254975 PMCID: PMC10815559 DOI: 10.3390/genes15010086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The Kazakhstan-Siberia Network for Spring Wheat Improvement (KASIB) was established in 2000, forming a collaboration between breeding and research programs through biannual yield trials. A core set of 142 genotypes from 15 breeding programs was selected, genotyped for 81 DNA functional markers and phenotyped for 10 agronomic traits at three sites in Kazakhstan (Karabalyk, Shortandy and Shagalaly) and one site in Russia (Omsk) in 2020-2022. The study aim was to identify markers demonstrating significant effects on agronomic traits. The average grain yield of individual trials varied from 118 to 569 g/m2. Grain yield was positively associated with the number of days to heading, plant height, number of grains per spike and 1000-kernel weight. Eight DNA markers demonstrated significant effects. The spring-type allele of the Vrn-A1 gene accelerated heading by two days (5.6%) and was present in 80% of the germplasm. The winter allele of the Vrn-A1 gene significantly increased grain yield by 2.7%. The late allele of the earliness marker per se, TaMOT1-D1, delayed development by 1.9% and increased yield by 4.5%. Translocation of 1B.1R was present in 21.8% of the material, which resulted in a 6.2% yield advantage compared to 1B.1B germplasm and a reduction in stem rust severity from 27.6 to 6.6%. The favorable allele of TaGS-D1 increased both kernel weight and yield by 2-3%. Four markers identified in ICARDA germplasm, ISBW2-GY (Kukri_c3243_1065, 3B), ISBW3-BM (TA004946-0577, 1B), ISBW10-SM2 (BS00076246_51, 5A), ISBW11-GY (wsnp_Ex_c12812_20324622, 4A), showed an improved yield in this study of 3-4%. The study recommends simultaneous validation and use of selected markers in KASIB's network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey Morgounov
- Faculty of Agronomy, Kazakh Agrotechnical University Named after S. Seyfullin, Astana 010000, Kazakhstan
| | - Adylkhan Babkenov
- A.I. Barayev Research and Production Centre for Grain Farming, Shortandy 021601, Kazakhstan; (A.B.); (Y.D.); (T.S.)
| | - Cécile Ben
- Project Center for Agrotechnologies, Skolkovo Institute for Science and Technology, 121205 Moscow, Russia; (C.B.); (L.G.)
| | - Vladimir Chudinov
- Karabalyk Agricultural Experimental Station, Kostanay 110000, Kazakhstan;
| | - Yuriy Dolinny
- A.I. Barayev Research and Production Centre for Grain Farming, Shortandy 021601, Kazakhstan; (A.B.); (Y.D.); (T.S.)
| | - Susanne Dreisigacker
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center, P.O. Box 041, Texcoco 100, Mexico;
| | - Elena Fedorenko
- North Kazakhstan Agricultural Experimental Station, Shagalaly 150311, Kazakhstan;
| | - Laurent Gentzbittel
- Project Center for Agrotechnologies, Skolkovo Institute for Science and Technology, 121205 Moscow, Russia; (C.B.); (L.G.)
| | - Awais Rasheed
- Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan;
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Timur Savin
- A.I. Barayev Research and Production Centre for Grain Farming, Shortandy 021601, Kazakhstan; (A.B.); (Y.D.); (T.S.)
| | - Sergey Shepelev
- Faculty of Agrotechnology, Omsk State Agrarian University, 644008 Omsk, Russia; (S.S.); (V.S.)
| | - Rauan Zhapayev
- Kazakh Scientific Research Institute of Agriculture and Plant Growing, Almaty 040909, Kazakhstan;
| | - Vladimir Shamanin
- Faculty of Agrotechnology, Omsk State Agrarian University, 644008 Omsk, Russia; (S.S.); (V.S.)
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