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Negi T, Kumar A, Sharma SK, Rawat N, Saini D, Sirohi R, Prakash O, Dubey A, Dutta A, Shahi NC. Deep eutectic solvents: Preparation, properties, and food applications. Heliyon 2024; 10:e28784. [PMID: 38617909 PMCID: PMC11015381 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e28784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Revised: 03/24/2024] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Deep Eutectic Solvents (DESs) emerge as innovative 21st-century solvents, supplanting traditional ones like ethanol and n-hexane. Renowned for their non-toxic, biodegradable, and water-miscible nature with reduced volatility, DESs are mostly synthesized through heating and stirring method. Physicochemical properties such as polarity, viscosity, density and surface tension of DESs influenced their application. This review paper gives the overview of application of eco-benign DESs in fruits, vegetables, cereals, pulses, spices, herbs, plantation crops, oil seed crops, medicinal and aromatic plants, seaweed, and milk for the extraction of bioactive compounds. Also, it gives insight of determination of pesticides, insecticides, hazardous and toxic compounds, removal of heavy metals, detection of illegal milk additive, purification of antibiotics and preparation of packaging film. Methodologies for separating bioactive compounds from DESs extracts are systematically examined. Further, safety regulations of DESs are briefly discussed and reviewed literature reveals prevalent utilization of DES-based bioactive compound rich extracts in cosmetics, indicating untapped potential of their application in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taru Negi
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, 263145, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Anil Kumar
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, 263145, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Satish Kumar Sharma
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, 263145, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Neha Rawat
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, 263145, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Deepa Saini
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, 263145, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Ranjna Sirohi
- Sri Karan Narendra Agriculture University, Jobner, 303329, Rajasthan, India
| | - Om Prakash
- Department of Chemistry, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, 263145, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Ashutosh Dubey
- Department of Biochemistry, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, 263145, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Anuradha Dutta
- Department of Foods & Nutrition, College of Community Sciences, Pantnagar, 263145, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Navin Chand Shahi
- Department of Post-Harvest Process and Food Engineering, Govind Ballabh Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, 263145, India
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Domingues L, Duarte ARC, Jesus AR. How Can Deep Eutectic Systems Promote Greener Processes in Medicinal Chemistry and Drug Discovery? Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:221. [PMID: 38399436 PMCID: PMC10892015 DOI: 10.3390/ph17020221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/03/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Chemists in the medicinal chemistry field are constantly searching for alternatives towards more sustainable and eco-friendly processes for the design and synthesis of drug candidates. The pharmaceutical industry is one of the most polluting industries, having a high E-factor, which is driving the adoption of more sustainable processes not only for new drug candidates, but also in the production of well-established active pharmaceutical ingredients. Deep eutectic systems (DESs) have emerged as a greener alternative to ionic liquids, and their potential to substitute traditional organic solvents in drug discovery has raised interest among scientists. With the use of DESs as alternative solvents, the processes become more attractive in terms of eco-friendliness and recyclability. Furthermore, they might be more effective through making the process simpler, faster, and with maximum efficiency. This review will be focused on the role and application of deep eutectic systems in drug discovery, using biocatalytic processes and traditional organic chemical reactions, as new environmentally benign alternative solvents. Furthermore, herein we also show that DESs, if used in the pharmaceutical industry, may have a significant effect on lowering production costs and decreasing the impact of this industry on the quality of the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ana Rita Jesus
- LAQV-REQUIMTE, Chemistry Department, School of Science and Technology, NOVA University, 2829-516 Caparica, Portugal; (L.D.); (A.R.C.D.)
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Gil KA, Jokić S, Cikoš AM, Banožić M, Jakovljević Kovač M, Fais A, Tuberoso CIG. Comparison of Different Green Extraction Techniques Used for the Extraction of Targeted Flavonoids from Edible Feijoa ( Acca sellowiana (O.Berg) Burret) Flowers. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1461. [PMID: 37050087 PMCID: PMC10096538 DOI: 10.3390/plants12071461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the effect of four green extraction techniques (ultrasound-assisted extraction, UAE; supercritical fluid extraction, SFE; subcritical water extraction, SWE; and extraction using deep eutectic solvents, DES) on the extraction of targeted flavonoids from edible feijoa flowers. The bioactive components in the obtained extracts were quantified by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Photodiode Array Detector (HPLC-PDA). Moreover, total polyphenol content and antioxidant activity by DPPH•, ABTS•+, FRAP, and CUPRAC assays were investigated. UAE generally gave the highest yields for isoquercitrin and quercetin content (18.36-25.33 and 10.86-16.13 µg/g), while DES extraction with choline chloride:lactic acid (1:2) and H2O content of 50% gave the highest yield of chrysanthemin (90.81 µg/g). The highest yield of flavone (12.69 mg/g) was obtained with supercritical CO2 at 300 bar. Finally, UAE gave the highest total polyphenol content (ca. 64 mg GAE/g) and antioxidant activity at 70 °C during 30 min with 40% (0.84 mmol TEAC/g and 2.25 mmol Fe2+/g, for ABTS•+ and CUPRAC, respectively) and 60% ethanol-water solution (0.49 mmol TEAC/g and 2.09 mmol Fe2+/g, for DPPH• and FRAP, respectively). The eco-friendly extraction techniques resulted in selective methods capable of extracting targeted bioactive compounds from edible feijoa flowers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Angelika Gil
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, S.P. Monserrato-Sestu km 0.700, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | - Stela Jokić
- Faculty of Food Technology, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Franje Kuhača 18, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Ana-Marija Cikoš
- Faculty of Food Technology, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Franje Kuhača 18, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Marija Banožić
- Faculty of Agriculture and Food Technology, University of Mostar, Biskupa Čule bb, 88000 Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Martina Jakovljević Kovač
- Faculty of Food Technology, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Franje Kuhača 18, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
| | - Antonella Fais
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, S.P. Monserrato-Sestu km 0.700, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
| | - Carlo Ignazio Giovanni Tuberoso
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria di Monserrato, S.P. Monserrato-Sestu km 0.700, 09042 Monserrato, Italy
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Efficient Extraction of Flavonoids from Lotus Leaves by Ultrasonic-Assisted Deep Eutectic Solvent Extraction and Its Evaluation on Antioxidant Activities. SEPARATIONS 2023. [DOI: 10.3390/separations10020065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
The discovery of a green extraction solvent for natural plants could promote related research. In this study, deep eutectic solvents (DES) were used as green solvents coupled with an ultrasound-assisted extraction method (UAE) to extract flavonoids from lotus leaves. Thirty-four different DES were performed and choline chloride/urea with 40% water was chosen as the most promising one, and the related parameters in the procedures were optimized, resulting in the highest extraction amount of flavonoids in lotus leaves. D-101 was selected from four macroporous resins to separate the flavonoids from DES. Moreover, DES could be recycled and efficiently reused four times with satisfactory performances. In addition, the lotus leaf flavonoids from the DES extract exhibited antioxidant activities in five kinds of assays including DPPH, ABTS, Fe3+ reducing, FRAP, and Fe2+ chelating. It also showed antibacterial activities on Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacterial strains with minimal inhibitory concentrations at 1666 μg/mL and 208 μg/mL, respectively. In the HPLC analysis, the three main components in the DES extract were identified as astragalin, hyperoside, and isoquercitrin. In conclusion, the developed UAE-DES followed by macroporous resin treatment could become an efficient and environmentally friendly extraction and enrichment method for flavonoids from lotus leaves and other natural products.
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Lee JW, Park HY, Park J. Enhanced Extraction Efficiency of Flavonoids from Pyrus ussuriensis Leaves with Deep Eutectic Solvents. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27092798. [PMID: 35566149 PMCID: PMC9103983 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27092798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, deep eutectic solvents (DESs) were synthesized using different ratios of choline chloride (CC) and dicarboxylic acids, and their eutectic temperatures were determined. The DES synthesized using CC and glutaric acid (GA), which showed a higher extraction efficiency than conventional solvents, was used for the extraction of flavonoid components from Pyrus ussuriensis leaves (PUL), and the extraction efficiency was evaluated using the response surface methodology. The flavonoid components rutin, hyperoside, and isoquercitrin were identified through high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), equipped with a Waters 2996 PDA detector, and HPLC mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analyses. The optimum extraction was achieved at a temperature of 30 °C using DES in a concentration of 30.85 wt.% at a stirring speed of 1113 rpm and an extraction time of 1 h. The corresponding flavonoid content was 217.56 μg/mL. The results were verified by performing three reproducibility experiments, and a high significance, with a confidence range of 95%, was achieved. In addition, the PUL extracts exhibited appreciable antioxidant activity. The results showed that the extraction process using the DES based on CC and GA in a 1:1 molar ratio could effectively improve the yield of flavonoids from PUL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jong Woo Lee
- Department of Engineering Chemistry, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk, Cheongju 28644, Korea;
| | - Hye Yoon Park
- Biological and Genetic Resources Assessment Division, National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon 22689, Korea;
| | - Junseong Park
- Department of Engineering Chemistry, Chungbuk National University, Chungbuk, Cheongju 28644, Korea;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +82-43-261-3326
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Moni Bottu H, Mero A, Husanu E, Tavernier S, Pomelli CS, Dewaele A, Bernaert N, Guazzelli L, Brennan L. The ability of deep eutectic solvent systems to extract bioactive compounds from apple pomace. Food Chem 2022; 386:132717. [PMID: 35344721 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to examine the bioactivity of extracts from apple pomace obtained by non-conventional green extraction methods (DES systems). Bioactivity was antioxidant capacity and ability to stimulate insulin secretion from pancreatic beta-cells. The antioxidant capacity of extracts was examined using the DPPH and the FRAP assay. Impact of the extracts on cell viability and insulin secretion were examined using the BRIN-BD11 cell line. ChCl:EG(1:4) extracts resulted in high antioxidant capacity in the DPPH assay (80.1% inhibition versus 11.3%). Extracts obtained from the classical systems demonstrated an ability to promote insulin secretion significantly higher than the positive control, p < 0.05. ChCl:EG(1:4) extracts stimulated insulin secretion to a lesser extent. Overall, the data provides evidence for the potential of DES systems to extract bioactive compounds from apple pomace that have relevance for metabolic health. Further optimisation of the extraction procedures should be tailored to the desired bioactive properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heleena Moni Bottu
- Institute of Food and Health, School of Agriculture and Food Science, Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | - Elena Husanu
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Nathalie Bernaert
- Institute for Agricultural and Fisheries Research (ILVO), Technology and Food Sciences Unit (T&V), Product Quality and Innovation (PI), Brusselsesteenweg 370, 9090 Melle, Belgium
| | | | - Lorraine Brennan
- Institute of Food and Health, School of Agriculture and Food Science, Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
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Vladimir-Knežević S, Perković M, Zagajski Kučan K, Mervić M, Rogošić M. Green extraction of flavonoids and phenolic acids from elderberry (Sambucus nigra L.) and rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis L.) using deep eutectic solvents. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-021-01862-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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8
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Vegetable phytochemicals: An update on extraction and analysis techniques. BIOCATALYSIS AND AGRICULTURAL BIOTECHNOLOGY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2021.102149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Zuo J, Geng S, Kong Y, Ma P, Fan Z, Zhang Y, Dong A. Current Progress in Natural Deep Eutectic Solvents for the Extraction of Active Components from Plants. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2021; 53:177-198. [PMID: 34324395 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2021.1946659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
In the last decade, natural deep eutectic solvents (NADESs) have gained more and more attention due to their green, convenient preparation, low toxicity and biodegradability. It is widely used in various fields, especially in the extraction of active components from plants, formed by the combination of hydrogen bond donors (HBDs) and hydrogen bond acceptors (HBAs) at a certain condition. In this article, six preparation methods of NADESs were summarized and the interactions that occur in the eutectic behavior of NADES including hydrogen bonding, electrostatic interaction and van der Waals force were also reviewed. What is more, its significant extraction capacity on flavonoids, phenols, alkaloids and plant pigments endows its extensive applications in the extraction of active components from medicinal plants. Extraction factors including solvents properties (viscosity, carbon chain length, number of hydroxyl groups), extraction condition (water content, extraction temperature, extraction time, solid-liquid ratio), extraction method and recycling method were discussed. In addition, NADESs can also be combined with other technologies, like molecular imprinting, monolithic column, to achieve efficient and specific extraction of active ingredients. Further systematic studies on the biodegradability and biotoxicity are put forward to be urgent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiale Zuo
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China.,Engineering Research Center of Dairy Products Quality and Safety Control Technology, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolian University, Hohhot, China
| | - Shuqin Geng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China.,Engineering Research Center of Dairy Products Quality and Safety Control Technology, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolian University, Hohhot, China
| | - Yangzhi Kong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China.,Engineering Research Center of Dairy Products Quality and Safety Control Technology, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolian University, Hohhot, China
| | - Peirong Ma
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China.,Engineering Research Center of Dairy Products Quality and Safety Control Technology, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolian University, Hohhot, China
| | - Zhaosheng Fan
- Technology Center, Shanghai Tobacco Group Beijing Cigarette Factory Co.,Ltd, Tongzhou Dis, Beijing, China
| | - Yanling Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China.,Engineering Research Center of Dairy Products Quality and Safety Control Technology, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolian University, Hohhot, China
| | - Alideertu Dong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, China.,Engineering Research Center of Dairy Products Quality and Safety Control Technology, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolian University, Hohhot, China
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Jurić T, Mićić N, Potkonjak A, Milanov D, Dodić J, Trivunović Z, Popović BM. The evaluation of phenolic content, in vitro antioxidant and antibacterial activity of Mentha piperita extracts obtained by natural deep eutectic solvents. Food Chem 2021; 362:130226. [PMID: 34118512 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The focus of this study was to evaluate whether six choline chloride-based natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES) could serve as solvents for the extraction of bioactives from the leaves of Mentha piperita. NADES extracted significantly higher amounts of phenols from peppermint than 70% ethanol and may be useful in the extraction of targeted major compounds from peppermint, like rosmarinic acid, at a similar level as 70% ethanol. The microdilution method for in vitro antibacterial activity showed that all NADES exhibit bacterial growth inhibition at a lower concentration than 70% ethanol, especially NADESs containing organic acids. The majority of NADES extracts neutralize DPPH radical at a lower concentration than conventional solvent and showed similar ability to reduce Fe3+ to Fe2+ ions in FRAP assay. NADES can be useful in the isolation of phenolic compounds from plant sources and should be considered as novel, sustainable, and low-cost solvents with a variety of applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatjana Jurić
- Chemistry&Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Field and Vegetable Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 8, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia.
| | - Nikola Mićić
- Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Thorvaldsensvej 40, 1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Aleksandar Potkonjak
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 8, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Dubravka Milanov
- Scientific Veterinary Institute Novi Sad, Rumenački put 20, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Jelena Dodić
- Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Technology Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Zorana Trivunović
- Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Technology Novi Sad, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Boris M Popović
- Chemistry&Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Field and Vegetable Crops, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Trg Dositeja Obradovića 8, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
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Shanaida M, Hudz N, Jasicka-Misiak I, Wieczorek PP. Polyphenols and Pharmacological Screening of a Monarda fistulosa L. dry Extract Based on a Hydrodistilled Residue By-Product. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:563436. [PMID: 33995001 PMCID: PMC8118672 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.563436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the composition and content of polyphenols in the dry extract obtained from the hydrodistilled residue by-product of the wild bergamot (Monarda fistulosa L., Lamiaceae Martinov family) herb (MFDE) and to evaluate its safety and pharmacological properties. The total phenolic content (TPC) in the MFDE was 120.64 mg GAE/g. The high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis showed the presence of a plethora of phenolic compounds, including hydroxycinnamic acids and flavone derivatives in the MFDE, with rosmarinic acid and luteolin-7-O-glucoside being the main components. With an IC50 value of 0.285 mg/mL, it was found to be a strong DPPH radical scavenger. The acute toxicity study results indicate that the oral administration of MFDE to rats at the doses of 500–5,000 mg/kg did not produce any side effects or death in animals which indicates its safety. The results of the in vivo assay showed that the MFDE dose-dependently inhibited paw oedema and significantly reduced the number of writings in mice induced by the acetic acid injection suggesting its potent anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities, respectively. The conducted studies revealed that M. fistulosa hydrodistilled residue by-product could be regarded as a new natural source of polyphenols with valuable pharmacological properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariia Shanaida
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Medical Botany, I. Horbachevsky Ternopil National Medical University, Ternopil, Ukraine
| | - Nataliia Hudz
- Department of Drug Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Danylo Halytsky Lviv National Medical University, Lviv, Ukraine
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Vidović S, Tomšik A, Vladić J, Jokić S, Aladić K, Pastor K, Jerković I. Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Extraction of Allium ursinum: Impact of Temperature and Pressure on the Extracts Chemical Profile. Chem Biodivers 2021; 18:e2100058. [PMID: 33660411 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202100058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to extract Allium ursinum L. for the first time by supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2 ) as green sustainable method. The impact of temperature in the range from 40 to 60 °C and pressure between 150 and 400 bar on the quality of the obtained extracts and efficiency of the extraction was investigated. The highest extraction yield (3.43 %) was achieved by applying the extraction conditions of 400 bar and 60 °C. The analysis of the extracts was performed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The most dominant sulfur-containing constituent of the extracts was allyl methyl trisulfide with the highest abundance at 350 bar and 50 °C. In addition, the presence of other pharmacologically potent sulfur compounds was recorded including S-methyl methanethiosulfinate, diallyl trisulfide, S-methyl methylthiosulfonate, and dimethyl trisulfide. Multivariate data analysis tool was utilized to investigate distributions of the identified compounds among the extracts obtained under various extraction conditions and yields. It was determined that the SC-CO2 extraction can by efficiently used for A. ursinum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senka Vidović
- Faculty of Technology, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar cara Lazara 1, 21000, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Alena Tomšik
- Institute of Food Technology, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar cara Lazara 1, 21000, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Jelena Vladić
- Faculty of Technology, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar cara Lazara 1, 21000, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Stela Jokić
- Faculty of Food Technology Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Franje Kuhača 20, 31000, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Krunoslav Aladić
- Faculty of Food Technology Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Franje Kuhača 20, 31000, Osijek, Croatia
| | - Kristian Pastor
- Faculty of Technology, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar cara Lazara 1, 21000, Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Igor Jerković
- Faculty of Chemistry and Technology, University of Split, Ruđera Boškovića 35, 21000, Split, Croatia
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Gavarić A, Vidović S, Aladić K, Jokić S, Vladić J. Supercritical CO 2 extraction of Marrubium vulgare: intensification of marrubiin. RSC Adv 2021; 11:9067-9075. [PMID: 35423440 PMCID: PMC8695339 DOI: 10.1039/d0ra10253a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Supercritical carbon dioxide and Soxhlet extraction were employed for delivering Marrubium vulgare extracts. By varying process temperature and pressure, the impact of different densities of carbon dioxide on the extraction yield and chemical profile of the extracts was investigated. The highest extraction yields of M. vulgare were obtained by supercritical carbon dioxide extraction (3.51%) at 300 bar and 60 °C, while the yield obtained with the Soxhlet extraction was 3.23%. The chemical profiles of these two extracts were significantly different and marrubiin, the most dominant component of supercritical extracts was not present in extracts obtained by this conventional method. This labdane diterpene was the most abundant in extracts obtained at 200 bar and temperatures of 40, 50, and 60 °C (62.60, 68.41, and 71.96%, respectively). For the intensification of marrubiin, supercritical fractions were collected in successive time intervals over the course of the extraction (300 bar/60 °C). It was determined that after 1 h of extraction the highest content of marrubiin (75.14%) can be achieved. The similarities between the obtained extracts were estimated and the correlations to the content of identified lipophilic compounds were established using multivariate data analysis tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Gavarić
- Faculty of Technology, University of Novi Sad Bulevar cara Lazara 1 21000 Novi Sad Serbia +381 21 485 3731
| | - Senka Vidović
- Faculty of Technology, University of Novi Sad Bulevar cara Lazara 1 21000 Novi Sad Serbia +381 21 485 3731
| | - Krunoslav Aladić
- Faculty of Food Technology, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek Franje Kuhača 18 31000 Osijek Croatia
| | - Stela Jokić
- Faculty of Food Technology, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek Franje Kuhača 18 31000 Osijek Croatia
| | - Jelena Vladić
- Faculty of Technology, University of Novi Sad Bulevar cara Lazara 1 21000 Novi Sad Serbia +381 21 485 3731
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Vladić J, Ćebović T, Vidović S, Jokić S. Evaluation of Anticancer Activity of Satureja montana Supercritical and Spray-Dried Extracts on Ehrlich's Ascites Carcinoma Bearing Mice. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 9:E1532. [PMID: 33182763 PMCID: PMC7696860 DOI: 10.3390/plants9111532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 11/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Satureja montana herbal species belongs to aromatic medicinal plants with a significant place in traditional medicine. However, products produced with conventional procedures do not meet the requirements of the modern market which include environmentally-safe processes that provide quality, safe, and standardized products. In this study, the antiproliferative activity of S. montana extracts obtained by supercritical carbon dioxide and solid-liquid extraction followed by spray drying was investigated using the in vivo model of Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) in mice. The impact of two concentrations of extracts on the growth of tumor and the redox status of malignant cells was monitored. It was determined that the extracts induced oxidative stress in the malignant cells which was confirmed by the changes in activity of biochemical indicators of oxidative stress. The posttreatment was not an efficient approach, while the extracts applied as pretreatment and treatment resulted in an increase in the xanthine oxidase (XOD) activity, a decrease in catalase (CAT) activity, and an increase in the intensity of lipid peroxidation (LPx). Furthermore, a decrease in the values of reduced glutathione (GSH) and an increase in glutathione reductase (GR) and glutathione peroxidase (GSHPx) in EAC cells were recorded.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jelena Vladić
- Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia or (J.V.); (S.V.)
| | - Tatjana Ćebović
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Hajduk Veljkova 3, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
| | - Senka Vidović
- Department of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Faculty of Technology, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia or (J.V.); (S.V.)
| | - Stela Jokić
- Faculty of Food Technology Osijek, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Franje Kuhača 20, 31000 Osijek, Croatia
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Ivanović M, Islamčević Razboršek M, Kolar M. Innovative Extraction Techniques Using Deep Eutectic Solvents and Analytical Methods for the Isolation and Characterization of Natural Bioactive Compounds from Plant Material. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 9:E1428. [PMID: 33114332 PMCID: PMC7690858 DOI: 10.3390/plants9111428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 10/19/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The growing interest of the food, pharmaceutical and cosmetics industries in naturally occurring bioactive compounds or secondary plant metabolites also leads to a growing demand for the development of new and more effective analysis and isolation techniques. The extraction of bioactive compounds from plant material has always been a challenge, accompanied by increasingly strict control requirements for the final products and a growing interest in environmental protection. However, great efforts have been made in this direction and today a considerable number of innovative extraction techniques have been developed using green, environmentally friendly solvents. These solvents include the deep eutectic solvents (DES) and their natural equivalents, the natural deep eutectic solvents (NADES). Due to their adjustable physical-chemical properties and their green character, it is expected that DES/NADES could be the most widely used solvents in the future, not only in extraction processes but also in other research areas such as catalysis, electrochemistry or organic synthesis. Consequently, this review provided an up-to-date systematic overview of the use of DES/NADES in combination with innovative extraction techniques for the isolation of bioactive compounds from various plant materials. The topicality of the field was confirmed by a detailed search on the platform WoS (Web of Science), which resulted in more than 100 original research papers on DES/NADES for bioactive compounds in the last three years. Besides the isolation of bioactive compounds from plants, different analytical methods are presented and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Ivanović
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova ulica 17, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia;
| | - Maša Islamčević Razboršek
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Maribor, Smetanova ulica 17, SI-2000 Maribor, Slovenia;
| | - Mitja Kolar
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Večna Pot 113, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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Phytochemical Evaluation of Tinctures and Essential Oil Obtained from Satureja montana Herb. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 25:molecules25204763. [PMID: 33081385 PMCID: PMC7587570 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25204763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2020] [Revised: 10/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Winter Savory (Satureja montana L.) has been used in traditional medicine and as a spice or natural food preservative in the Mediterranean region for centuries. In this paper, some technological and analytical aspects of the S. montana tinctures development and an evaluation of the essential oil composition are provided. The total phenolic and flavonoid contents and phenolic compounds profile analyzed spectrophotometrically and by high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC), respectively, were evaluated in the developed tinctures. The results showed that the tinctures prepared from the S. montana herb by maceration or remaceration are rich in polyphenols, and there is an influence of the technological factors (particle size and extraction mode) on the total phenolic and flavonoid contents. Caffeic, rosmarinic, and chlorogenic acids, (–)-catechin and rutin were identified in the tinctures using the HPTLC method. p-Thymol (81.79%) revealed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) was the predominant compound of the essential oil of this plant. Thus, the high contents of polyphenols and flavonoids in the developed tinctures and p-thymol among the volatile components of the S. montana essential oil could indicate the promising antioxidant and antimicrobial properties of these herbal preparations. The obtained results are a ground for the organization of the manufacture of the S. montana tincture and essential oil with the purpose of performing preclinical studies.
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Phytomass Valorization by Deep Eutectic Solvents—Achievements, Perspectives, and Limitations. CRYSTALS 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst10090800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, a plethora of extraction processes have been performed by a novel class of green solvents known as deep eutectic solvents (DESs), possessing several environmental, operational, and economic advantages proven by experience when compared to organic solvents and ionic liquids. The present review provides an organized overview of the use of DESs as extraction agents for the recovery of valuable substances and compounds from the original plant biomass, waste from its processing, and waste from the production and consumption of plant-based food. For the sake of simplicity and speed of orientation, the data are, as far as possible, arranged in a table in alphabetical order of the extracted substances. However, in some cases, the isolation of several substances is described in one paper and they are, therefore, listed together. The table further contains a description of the extracted phytomass, DES composition, extraction conditions, and literature sources. With regard to extracted value-added substances, this review addresses their pharmacological, therapeutic, and nutritional aspects. The review also includes an evaluation of the possibilities and limitations of using DESs to obtain value-added substances from phytomass.
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