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Mukherjee S, Corpas FJ. H 2 O 2 , NO, and H 2 S networks during root development and signalling under physiological and challenging environments: Beneficial or toxic? PLANT, CELL & ENVIRONMENT 2023; 46:688-717. [PMID: 36583401 PMCID: PMC10108057 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 12/25/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen peroxide (H2 O2 ) is a reactive oxygen species (ROS) and a key modulator of the development and architecture of the root system under physiological and adverse environmental conditions. Nitric oxide (NO) and hydrogen sulphide (H2 S) also exert myriad functions on plant development and signalling. Accumulating pieces of evidence show that depending upon the dose and mode of applications, NO and H2 S can have synergistic or antagonistic actions in mediating H2 O2 signalling during root development. Thus, H2 O2 -NO-H2 S crosstalk might essentially impart tolerance to elude oxidative stress in roots. Growth and proliferation of root apex involve crucial orchestration of NO and H2 S-mediated ROS signalling which also comprise other components including mitogen-activated protein kinase, cyclins, cyclin-dependent kinases, respiratory burst oxidase homolog (RBOH), and Ca2+ flux. This assessment provides a comprehensive update on the cooperative roles of NO and H2 S in modulating H2 O2 homoeostasis during root development, abiotic stress tolerance, and root-microbe interaction. Furthermore, it also analyses the scopes of some fascinating future investigations associated with strigolactone and karrikins concerning H2 O2 -NO-H2 S crosstalk in plant roots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soumya Mukherjee
- Department of Botany, Jangipur CollegeUniversity of KalyaniWest BengalIndia
| | - Francisco J. Corpas
- Group of Antioxidants, Free Radicals and Nitric Oxide in Biotechnology, Food and Agriculture, Department of Stress, Development and Signalling in PlantsEstación Experimental del Zaidín (Spanish National Research Council, CSIC)GranadaSpain
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Fraudentali I, Pedalino C, D’Incà R, Tavladoraki P, Angelini R, Cona A. Distinct role of AtCuAOβ- and RBOHD-driven H 2O 2 production in wound-induced local and systemic leaf-to-leaf and root-to-leaf stomatal closure. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1154431. [PMID: 37152169 PMCID: PMC10160378 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1154431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Polyamines (PAs) are ubiquitous low-molecular-weight aliphatic compounds present in all living organisms and essential for cell growth and differentiation. The developmentally regulated and stress-induced copper amine oxidases (CuAOs) oxidize PAs to aminoaldehydes producing hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and ammonia. The Arabidopsis thaliana CuAOβ (AtCuAOβ) was previously reported to be involved in stomatal closure and early root protoxylem differentiation induced by the wound-signal MeJA via apoplastic H2O2 production, suggesting a role of this enzyme in water balance, by modulating xylem-dependent water supply and stomata-dependent water loss under stress conditions. Furthermore, AtCuAOβ has been shown to mediate early differentiation of root protoxylem induced by leaf wounding, which suggests a whole-plant systemic coordination of water supply and loss through stress-induced stomatal responses and root protoxylem phenotypic plasticity. Among apoplastic ROS generators, the D isoform of the respiratory burst oxidase homolog (RBOH) has been shown to be involved in stress-mediated modulation of stomatal closure as well. In the present study, the specific role of AtCuAOβ and RBOHD in local and systemic perception of leaf and root wounding that triggers stomatal closure was investigated at both injury and distal sites exploiting Atcuaoβ and rbohd insertional mutants. Data evidenced that AtCuAOβ-driven H2O2 production mediates both local and systemic leaf-to-leaf and root-to-leaf responses in relation to stomatal movement, Atcuaoβ mutants being completely unresponsive to leaf or root wounding. Instead, RBOHD-driven ROS production contributes only to systemic leaf-to-leaf and root-to-leaf stomatal closure, with rbohd mutants showing partial unresponsiveness in distal, but not local, responses. Overall, data herein reported allow us to hypothesize that RBOHD may act downstream of and cooperate with AtCuAOβ in inducing the oxidative burst that leads to systemic wound-triggered stomatal closure.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Paraskevi Tavladoraki
- Department of Science, University Roma Tre, Rome, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture e Biosistemi (INBB), Rome, Italy
| | - Riccardo Angelini
- Department of Science, University Roma Tre, Rome, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture e Biosistemi (INBB), Rome, Italy
- NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, Palermo, Italy
| | - Alessandra Cona
- Department of Science, University Roma Tre, Rome, Italy
- Istituto Nazionale Biostrutture e Biosistemi (INBB), Rome, Italy
- *Correspondence: Alessandra Cona,
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Vogelsang L, Dietz KJ. Plant thiol peroxidases as redox sensors and signal transducers in abiotic stress acclimation. Free Radic Biol Med 2022; 193:764-778. [PMID: 36403735 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2022.11.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The temporal and spatial patterns of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in cells and tissues decisively determine the plant acclimation response to diverse abiotic and biotic stresses. Recent progress in developing dynamic cell imaging probes provides kinetic information on changes in parameters like H2O2, glutathione (GSH/GSSG) and NAD(P)H/NAD(P)+, that play a crucial role in tuning the cellular redox state. Central to redox-based regulation is the thiol-redox regulatory network of the cell that integrates reductive information from metabolism and oxidative ROS signals. Sensitive proteomics allow for monitoring changes in redox-related posttranslational modifications. Thiol peroxidases act as sensitive peroxide and redox sensors and play a central role in this signal transduction process. Peroxiredoxins (PRX) and glutathione peroxidases (GPX) are the two main thiol peroxidases and their function in ROS sensing and redox signaling in plants is emerging at present and summarized in this review. Depending on their redox state, PRXs and GPXs act as redox-dependent binding partners, direct oxidants of target proteins and oxidants of thiol redox transmitters that in turn oxidize target proteins. With their versatile functions, the multiple isoforms of plant thiol peroxidases play a central role in plant stress acclimation, e.g. to high light or osmotic stress, but also in ROS-mediated immunity and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Vogelsang
- Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, W5-134, Bielefeld University, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Karl-Josef Dietz
- Biochemistry and Physiology of Plants, W5-134, Bielefeld University, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany.
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Konstantis N, Koskorellos K, Balou A, Paravolidaki A, Garantziotis G, Koulopoulou CE, Koulopoulos A, Zervoudakis G. The Effect of Leaf Wounding on Basil Plants of Different Developmental Stages. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:2678. [PMID: 36297702 PMCID: PMC9609357 DOI: 10.3390/plants11202678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Leaf wounding is a common stress that triggers a great number of plant mechanisms, while the overall plant status and age could also be critical for these mechanisms. However, there are not sufficient data about plants' physiological responses after leaf wounding that has been imposed at different developmental stages. In this study, physiological parameters, such as photosynthesis, transpiration, and stomatal conductance, as well as the chlorophyll and anthocyanin leaf contents, of Ocimum basilicum var. minimum L. plants were measured for seven days on wounded plants during three different developmental stages (vegetative, budding, and flowering). All of the measurements were conducted on control and wounded plants, while on the latter they were conducted on both wounded and intact leaves. The physiological parameters mentioned above revealed a remarkable decrease in wounded leaves of the budding and flowering plants, while they seemed to be only partially affected on the leaves of vegetative plants. The physiological parameters' decrease was not only an immediate plant response that was observed 1-2 h after wounding, but, in general, it was constant (during the seven days of treatments) and diurnal (from 8 a.m. to 8 p.m.). The wounded leaves revealed an immediate and constant anthocyanin content decrease during all of the developmental stages, while the corresponding chlorophyll decrease was mainly evident in the flowering plants. Regarding the intact leaves, they exhibited, in general, a similar profile to that of the control ones. The results above reveal that at the vegetative stage, basil plants are more tolerant to leaf wounding than those at the budding and flowering stages, implying that the plant's response to wounding is a phenomenon that depends on the plant's developmental stage.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Areti Balou
- Department of Agriculture, University of Patras, 27200 Amaliada, Greece
| | - Athina Paravolidaki
- Department of Business Administration of Food & Agricultural Enterprises, University of Patras, Seferi Str. 2, 30100 Agrinio, Greece
| | | | | | - Athanasios Koulopoulos
- Department of Biosystems and Agricultural Engineering, University of Patras, 30200 Mesolongi, Greece
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Urra M, Buezo J, Royo B, Cornejo A, López-Gómez P, Cerdán D, Esteban R, Martínez-Merino V, Gogorcena Y, Tavladoraki P, Moran JF. The importance of the urea cycle and its relationships to polyamine metabolism during ammonium stress in Medicago truncatula. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:5581-5595. [PMID: 35608836 PMCID: PMC9467648 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The ornithine-urea cycle (urea cycle) makes a significant contribution to the metabolic responses of lower photosynthetic eukaryotes to episodes of high nitrogen availability. In this study, we compared the role of the plant urea cycle and its relationships to polyamine metabolism in ammonium-fed and nitrate-fed Medicago truncatula plants. High ammonium resulted in the accumulation of ammonium and pathway intermediates, particularly glutamine, arginine, ornithine, and putrescine. Arginine decarboxylase activity was decreased in roots, suggesting that the ornithine decarboxylase-dependent production of putrescine was important in situations of ammonium stress. The activity of copper amine oxidase, which releases ammonium from putrescine, was significantly decreased in both shoots and roots. In addition, physiological concentrations of ammonium inhibited copper amine oxidase activity in in vitro assays, supporting the conclusion that high ammonium accumulation favors putrescine synthesis. Moreover, early supplementation of plants with putrescine avoided ammonium toxicity. The levels of transcripts encoding urea-cycle-related proteins were increased and transcripts involved in polyamine catabolism were decreased under high ammonium concentrations. We conclude that the urea cycle and associated polyamine metabolism function as important protective mechanisms limiting ammonium toxicity in M. truncatula. These findings demonstrate the relevance of the urea cycle to polyamine metabolism in higher plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Urra
- Present address: Department of Forest Engineering, Forest Management Planning and Terrestrial Measurements, University of Transilvania, 1, Ludwig van Beethoven Str., 500123 Brașov, Romania
| | - Javier Buezo
- Institute for Multidisciplinary Research in Applied Biology (IMAB), Department of Sciences, Public University of Navarre (UPNA), Avda. de Pamplona 123, 31192 Mutilva, Spain
| | - Beatriz Royo
- Institute for Multidisciplinary Research in Applied Biology (IMAB), Department of Sciences, Public University of Navarre (UPNA), Avda. de Pamplona 123, 31192 Mutilva, Spain
| | - Alfonso Cornejo
- Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics (INAMAT2), Department of Sciences, Public University of Navarre (UPNA), Campus de Arrosadía, 31006 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Pedro López-Gómez
- Institute for Multidisciplinary Research in Applied Biology (IMAB), Department of Sciences, Public University of Navarre (UPNA), Avda. de Pamplona 123, 31192 Mutilva, Spain
| | - Daniel Cerdán
- Institute for Multidisciplinary Research in Applied Biology (IMAB), Department of Sciences, Public University of Navarre (UPNA), Avda. de Pamplona 123, 31192 Mutilva, Spain
| | - Raquel Esteban
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Sarriena s/n, Apdo. 644, 48080 Bilbao, Spain
| | - Víctor Martínez-Merino
- Institute for Advanced Materials and Mathematics (INAMAT2), Department of Sciences, Public University of Navarre (UPNA), Campus de Arrosadía, 31006 Pamplona, Spain
| | - Yolanda Gogorcena
- Department of Pomology, Aula Dei Experimental Station, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Avda. de Montañana 1005, 50059 Zaragoza, Spain
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Lai C, Zhou X, Zhang S, Zhang X, Liu M, Zhang C, Xu X, Xu X, Chen X, Chen Y, Lin W, Lai Z, Lin Y. PAs Regulate Early Somatic Embryo Development by Changing the Gene Expression Level and the Hormonal Balance in Dimocarpus longan Lour. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13020317. [PMID: 35205362 PMCID: PMC8872317 DOI: 10.3390/genes13020317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyamines (PAs) play an important regulatory role in many basic cellular processes and physiological and biochemical processes. However, there are few studies on the identification of PA biosynthesis and metabolism family members and the role of PAs in the transition of plant embryogenic calli (EC) into globular embryos (GE), especially in perennial woody plants. We identified 20 genes involved in PA biosynthesis and metabolism from the third-generation genome of longan (Dimocarpus longan Lour.). There were no significant differences between longan and other species regarding the number of members, and they had high similarity with Citrus sinensis. Light, plant hormones and a variety of stress cis-acting elements were found in these family members. The biosynthesis and metabolism of PAs in longan were mainly completed by DlADC2, DlSAMDC2, DlSAMDC3, DlSPDS1A, DlSPMS, DlCuAOB, DlCuAO3A, DlPAO2 and DlPAO4B. In addition, 0.01 mmol∙L−1 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC), putrescine (Put) and spermine (Spm), could promote the transformation of EC into GE, and Spm treatment had the best effect, while 0.01 mmol∙L−1 D-arginine (D-arg) treatment inhibited the process. The period between the 9th and 11th days was key for the transformation of EC into GE in longan. There were higher levels of gibberellin (GA), salicylic acid (SA) and abscisic acid (ABA) and lower levels of indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), ethylene and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in this key period. The expression levels in this period of DlADC2, DlODC, DlSPDS1A, DlCuAOB and DlPAO4B were upregulated, while those of DlSAMDC2 and DlSPMS were downregulated. These results showed that the exogenous ACC, D-arg and PAs could regulate the transformation of EC into GE in longan by changing the content of endogenous hormones and the expression levels of PA biosynthesis and metabolism genes. This study provided a foundation for further determining the physicochemical properties and molecular evolution characteristics of the PA biosynthesis and metabolism gene families, and explored the mechanism of PAs and ethylene for regulating the transformation of plant EC into GE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunwang Lai
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (C.L.); (S.Z.); (X.Z.); (M.L.); (C.Z.); (X.X.); (X.X.); (X.C.); (Y.C.); (Z.L.)
| | - Xiaojuan Zhou
- Ganzhou Agricultural and Rural Bureau, Ganzhou 341000, China;
| | - Shuting Zhang
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (C.L.); (S.Z.); (X.Z.); (M.L.); (C.Z.); (X.X.); (X.X.); (X.C.); (Y.C.); (Z.L.)
| | - Xueying Zhang
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (C.L.); (S.Z.); (X.Z.); (M.L.); (C.Z.); (X.X.); (X.X.); (X.C.); (Y.C.); (Z.L.)
| | - Mengyu Liu
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (C.L.); (S.Z.); (X.Z.); (M.L.); (C.Z.); (X.X.); (X.X.); (X.C.); (Y.C.); (Z.L.)
| | - Chunyu Zhang
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (C.L.); (S.Z.); (X.Z.); (M.L.); (C.Z.); (X.X.); (X.X.); (X.C.); (Y.C.); (Z.L.)
| | - Xiaoqiong Xu
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (C.L.); (S.Z.); (X.Z.); (M.L.); (C.Z.); (X.X.); (X.X.); (X.C.); (Y.C.); (Z.L.)
| | - Xiaoping Xu
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (C.L.); (S.Z.); (X.Z.); (M.L.); (C.Z.); (X.X.); (X.X.); (X.C.); (Y.C.); (Z.L.)
| | - Xiaohui Chen
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (C.L.); (S.Z.); (X.Z.); (M.L.); (C.Z.); (X.X.); (X.X.); (X.C.); (Y.C.); (Z.L.)
| | - Yan Chen
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (C.L.); (S.Z.); (X.Z.); (M.L.); (C.Z.); (X.X.); (X.X.); (X.C.); (Y.C.); (Z.L.)
| | - Wenzhong Lin
- Quanzhou Agricultural Science Research Institute, Quanzhou 362212, China;
| | - Zhongxiong Lai
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (C.L.); (S.Z.); (X.Z.); (M.L.); (C.Z.); (X.X.); (X.X.); (X.C.); (Y.C.); (Z.L.)
| | - Yuling Lin
- Institute of Horticultural Biotechnology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China; (C.L.); (S.Z.); (X.Z.); (M.L.); (C.Z.); (X.X.); (X.X.); (X.C.); (Y.C.); (Z.L.)
- Correspondence:
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Reis ADP, Carvalho RF, Costa IB, Girio RJS, Gualberto R, Spers RC, Gaion LA. Hydrogen peroxide is involved in drought stress long-distance signaling controlling early stomatal closure in tomato plants. BRAZ J BIOL 2022; 82:e267343. [DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.267343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 10/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract It has long been hypothesized that hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) may play an essential role in root-to-shoot long-distance signaling during drought conditions. Thus, to better understand the involvement of H2O2 in drought signaling, two experiments were carried out using tomato plants. In the first experiment, a split-root scheme was used, while in the second experiment, the tomato plants were grown in a single pot and subjected to drought stress. In both experiments, H2O2 and catalase were applied together with irrigation. Control plants continued to be irrigated according to the water loss. In the split-root experiment, it was verified that the application of H2O2 to roots induced a clear reduction in plant transpiration compared to untreated or catalase-treated plants. In the second experiment, we observed that H2O2-treated plants exhibited similar transpiration when compared to untreated and catalase-treated plants under drought stress. Similarly, no difference in water use efficiency was observed. Thus, we conclude that the increase in H2O2 in the root system can act as a long-distance signal leading to reduced transpiration even when there is no water limitation in the shoot. But it has little effect when there is a reduction in the shoot water potential.
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Fraudentali I, Pedalino C, Tavladoraki P, Angelini R, Cona A. A New Player in Jasmonate-Mediated Stomatal Closure: The Arabidopsis thaliana Copper Amine Oxidase β. Cells 2021; 10:cells10123399. [PMID: 34943906 PMCID: PMC8699484 DOI: 10.3390/cells10123399] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 11/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Plant defence responses to adverse environmental conditions include different stress signalling, allowing plant acclimation and survival. Among these responses one of the most common, immediate, and effective is the modulation of the stomatal aperture, which integrates different transduction pathways involving hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), calcium (Ca2+), nitric oxide (NO), phytohormones and other signalling components. The Arabidopsis thaliana copper amine oxidases β (AtCuAOβ) encodes an apoplastic CuAO expressed in guard cells and root protoxylem tissues which oxidizes polyamines to aminoaldehydes with the production of H2O2 and ammonia. Here, its role in stomatal closure, signalled by the wound-associated phytohormone methyl-jasmonate (MeJA) was explored by pharmacological and genetic approaches. Obtained data show that AtCuAOβ tissue-specific expression is induced by MeJA, especially in stomata guard cells. Interestingly, two Atcuaoβ T-DNA insertional mutants are unresponsive to this hormone, showing a compromised MeJA-mediated stomatal closure compared to the wild-type (WT) plants. Coherently, Atcuaoβ mutants also show compromised H2O2-production in guard cells upon MeJA treatment. Furthermore, the H2O2 scavenger N,N1-dimethylthiourea (DMTU) and the CuAO-specific inhibitor 2-bromoethylamine (2-BrEtA) both reversed the MeJA-induced stomatal closure and the H2O2 production in WT plants. Our data suggest that AtCuAOβ is involved in the H2O2 production implicated in MeJA-induced stomatal closure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Fraudentali
- Department of Science, University “Roma Tre”, 00146 Rome, Italy; (I.F.); (C.P.); (P.T.); (R.A.)
| | - Chiara Pedalino
- Department of Science, University “Roma Tre”, 00146 Rome, Italy; (I.F.); (C.P.); (P.T.); (R.A.)
| | - Paraskevi Tavladoraki
- Department of Science, University “Roma Tre”, 00146 Rome, Italy; (I.F.); (C.P.); (P.T.); (R.A.)
- Interuniversity Consortium National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems (INBB), 00136 Rome, Italy
| | - Riccardo Angelini
- Department of Science, University “Roma Tre”, 00146 Rome, Italy; (I.F.); (C.P.); (P.T.); (R.A.)
- Interuniversity Consortium National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems (INBB), 00136 Rome, Italy
| | - Alessandra Cona
- Department of Science, University “Roma Tre”, 00146 Rome, Italy; (I.F.); (C.P.); (P.T.); (R.A.)
- Interuniversity Consortium National Institute of Biostructures and Biosystems (INBB), 00136 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-06-5733-6360
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Vrakas K, Florou E, Koulopoulos A, Zervoudakis G. Physiological Responses of Ocimum basilicum, Salvia officinalis, and Mentha piperita to Leaf Wounding. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10051019. [PMID: 34069693 PMCID: PMC8160818 DOI: 10.3390/plants10051019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
The investigation about the leaf wounding effect on plant physiological procedures and on leaf pigments content will contribute to the understanding of the plants’ responses against this abiotic stress. During the experiment, some physiological parameters such as photosynthesis, transpiration and stomatal conductance as well as the chlorophyll and anthocyanin leaf contents of Ocimum basilicum, Salvia officinalis, and Mentha piperita plants were measured for about 20–40 days. All the measurements were conducted on control and wounded plants while in the latter, they were conducted on both wounded and intact leaves. A wide range of responses was observed in the wounded leaves, that is: (a) immediate decrease of the gas exchange parameters and long-term decrease of almost all the measured variables from O. basilicum, (b) immediate but only short-term decrease of the gas exchange parameters and no effect on pigments from M. piperita, and (c) no effect on the gas exchange parameters and decrease of the pigments content from S. officinalis. Regarding the intact leaves, in general, they exhibited a similar profile with the control ones for all plants. These results imply that the plant response to wounding is a complex phenomenon depending on plant species and the severity of the injury.
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Plant Copper Amine Oxidases: Key Players in Hormone Signaling Leading to Stress-Induced Phenotypic Plasticity. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22105136. [PMID: 34066274 PMCID: PMC8152075 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22105136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2021] [Revised: 05/03/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyamines are ubiquitous, low-molecular-weight aliphatic compounds, present in living organisms and essential for cell growth and differentiation. Copper amine oxidases (CuAOs) oxidize polyamines to aminoaldehydes releasing ammonium and hydrogen peroxide, which participates in the complex network of reactive oxygen species acting as signaling molecules involved in responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. CuAOs have been identified and characterized in different plant species, but the most extensive study on a CuAO gene family has been carried out in Arabidopsis thaliana. Growing attention has been devoted in the last years to the investigation of the CuAO expression pattern during development and in response to an array of stress and stress-related hormones, events in which recent studies have highlighted CuAOs to play a key role by modulation of a multilevel phenotypic plasticity expression. In this review, the attention will be focused on the involvement of different AtCuAOs in the IAA/JA/ABA signal transduction pathways which mediate stress-induced phenotypic plasticity events.
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Hashem AM, Moore S, Chen S, Hu C, Zhao Q, Elesawi IE, Feng Y, Topping JF, Liu J, Lindsey K, Chen C. Putrescine Depletion Affects Arabidopsis Root Meristem Size by Modulating Auxin and Cytokinin Signaling and ROS Accumulation. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:4094. [PMID: 33920993 PMCID: PMC8071467 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22084094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Polyamines (PAs) dramatically affect root architecture and development, mainly by unknown mechanisms; however, accumulating evidence points to hormone signaling and reactive oxygen species (ROS) as candidate mechanisms. To test this hypothesis, PA levels were modified by progressively reducing ADC1/2 activity and Put levels, and then changes in root meristematic zone (MZ) size, ROS, and auxin and cytokinin (CK) signaling were investigated. Decreasing putrescine resulted in an interesting inverted-U-trend in primary root growth and a similar trend in MZ size, and differential changes in putrescine (Put), spermidine (Spd), and combined spermine (Spm) plus thermospermine (Tspm) levels. At low Put concentrations, ROS accumulation increased coincidently with decreasing MZ size, and treatment with ROS scavenger KI partially rescued this phenotype. Analysis of double AtrbohD/F loss-of-function mutants indicated that NADPH oxidases were not involved in H2O2 accumulation and that elevated ROS levels were due to changes in PA back-conversion, terminal catabolism, PA ROS scavenging, or another pathway. Decreasing Put resulted in a non-linear trend in auxin signaling, whereas CK signaling decreased, re-balancing auxin and CK signaling. Different levels of Put modulated the expression of PIN1 and PIN2 auxin transporters, indicating changes to auxin distribution. These data strongly suggest that PAs modulate MZ size through both hormone signaling and ROS accumulation in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmed M. Hashem
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (A.M.H.); (S.M.); (S.C.); (C.H.); (Q.Z.); (I.E.E.); (Y.F.)
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, College of Life Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Biotechnology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11651, Egypt
| | - Simon Moore
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (A.M.H.); (S.M.); (S.C.); (C.H.); (Q.Z.); (I.E.E.); (Y.F.)
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK; (J.F.T.); (J.L.); (K.L.)
| | - Shangjian Chen
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (A.M.H.); (S.M.); (S.C.); (C.H.); (Q.Z.); (I.E.E.); (Y.F.)
| | - Chenchen Hu
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (A.M.H.); (S.M.); (S.C.); (C.H.); (Q.Z.); (I.E.E.); (Y.F.)
| | - Qing Zhao
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (A.M.H.); (S.M.); (S.C.); (C.H.); (Q.Z.); (I.E.E.); (Y.F.)
| | - Ibrahim Eid Elesawi
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (A.M.H.); (S.M.); (S.C.); (C.H.); (Q.Z.); (I.E.E.); (Y.F.)
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, College of Life Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
- Agricultural Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44511, Egypt
| | - Yanni Feng
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (A.M.H.); (S.M.); (S.C.); (C.H.); (Q.Z.); (I.E.E.); (Y.F.)
| | - Jennifer F. Topping
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK; (J.F.T.); (J.L.); (K.L.)
| | - Junli Liu
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK; (J.F.T.); (J.L.); (K.L.)
| | - Keith Lindsey
- Department of Biosciences, Durham University, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK; (J.F.T.); (J.L.); (K.L.)
| | - Chunli Chen
- College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (A.M.H.); (S.M.); (S.C.); (C.H.); (Q.Z.); (I.E.E.); (Y.F.)
- Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), Institute of Agro-Bioengineering, College of Life Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
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Abstract
Polyamines are small organic compounds found in all living organisms. According to the high degree of positive charge at physiological pH, they interact with negatively charged macromolecules, such as DNA, RNA, and proteins, and modulate their activities. In plants, polyamines, some of which are presented as a conjugated form with cinnamic acids and proteins, are involved in a variety of physiological processes. In recent years, the study of plant polyamines, such as their biosynthetic and catabolic pathways and the roles they play in cellular processes, has flourished, becoming an exciting field of research. There is accumulating evidence that polyamine oxidation, the main catabolic pathway of polyamines, may have a potential role as a source of hydrogen peroxide. The papers in this Special Issue highlight new discoveries and research in the field of plant polyamine biology. The information will help to stimulate further research and make readers aware of the link between their own work and topics related to polyamines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taku Takahashi
- Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama 700-8530, Japan
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