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Hu LQ, Yu SX, Xu WY, Zu SH, Jiang YT, Shi HT, Zhang YJ, Xue HW, Wang YX, Lin WH. Spatiotemporal formation of the large vacuole regulated by the BIN2-VLG module is required for female gametophyte development in Arabidopsis. THE PLANT CELL 2023; 35:1241-1258. [PMID: 36648110 PMCID: PMC10052386 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koad007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
In Arabidopsis thaliana, female gametophyte (FG) development is accompanied by the formation and expansion of the large vacuole in the FG; this is essential for FG expansion, nuclear polar localization, and cell fate determination. Arabidopsis VACUOLELESS GAMETOPHYTES (VLG) facilitates vesicular fusion to form large vacuole in the FG, but the regulation of VLG remains largely unknown. Here, we found that gain-of-function mutation of BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE2 (BIN2) (bin2-1) increases VLG abundance to induce the vacuole formation at stage FG1, and leads to abortion of FG. Loss-of-function mutation of BIN2 and its homologs (bin2-3 bil1 bil2) reduced VLG abundance and mimicked vlg/VLG phenotypes. Knocking down VLG in bin2-1 decreased the ratio of aberrant vacuole formation at stage FG1, whereas FG1-specific overexpression of VLG mimicked the bin2-1 phenotype. VLG partially rescued the bin2-3 bil1 bil2 phenotype, demonstrating that VLG acts downstream of BIN2. Mutation of VLG residues that are phosphorylated by BIN2 altered VLG stability and a phosphorylation mimic of VLG causes similar defects as did bin2-1. Therefore, BIN2 may function by interacting with and phosphorylating VLG in the FG to enhance its stability and abundance, thus facilitating vacuole formation. Our findings provide mechanistic insight into how the BIN2-VLG module regulates the spatiotemporal formation of the large vacuole in FG development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Qin Hu
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, The Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds/Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Shi-Xia Yu
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, The Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds/Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Wan-Yue Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering and Institute of Biodiversity Sciences, Institute of Plant Biology, Center for Evolutionary Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Song-Hao Zu
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, The Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yu-Tong Jiang
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, The Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Hao-Tian Shi
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds/Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yan-Jie Zhang
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, The Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Hong-Wei Xue
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds/Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Ying-Xiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering and Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering and Institute of Biodiversity Sciences, Institute of Plant Biology, Center for Evolutionary Biology, School of Life Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Wen-Hui Lin
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, The Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds/Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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Zeng J, Yan X, Bai W, Zhang M, Chen Y, Li X, Hou L, Zhao J, Ding X, Liu R, Wang F, Ren H, Zhang J, Ding B, Liu H, Xiao Y, Pei Y. Carpel-specific down-regulation of GhCKXs in cotton significantly enhances seed and fiber yield. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:6758-6772. [PMID: 35792654 PMCID: PMC9629787 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 07/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Cytokinin is considered to be an important driver of seed yield. To increase the yield of cotton while avoiding the negative consequences caused by constitutive overproduction of cytokinin, we down-regulated specifically the carpel genes for cytokinin oxidase/dehydrogenase (CKX), a key negative regulator of cytokinin levels, in transgenic cotton. The carpel-specific down-regulation of CKXs significantly enhanced cytokinin levels in the carpels. The elevated cytokinin promoted the expression of carpel- and ovule-development-associated genes, GhSTK2, GhAG1, and GhSHP, boosting ovule formation and thus producing more seeds in the ovary. Field experiments showed that the carpel-specific increase of cytokinin significantly increased both seed yield and fiber yield of cotton, without resulting in detrimental phenotypes. Our study details the regulatory mechanism of cytokinin signaling for seed development, and provides an effective and feasible strategy for yield improvement of seed crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianyan Zeng
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Xingying Yan
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Wenqin Bai
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Mi Zhang
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Yang Chen
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Xianbi Li
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Lei Hou
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Juan Zhao
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoyan Ding
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Ruochen Liu
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Fanlong Wang
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Hui Ren
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Jingyi Zhang
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Bo Ding
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Haoru Liu
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, P. R. China
| | - Yuehua Xiao
- Biotechnology Research Center, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing, P. R. China
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Yu SX, Jiang YT, Lin WH. Ovule initiation: the essential step controlling offspring number in Arabidopsis. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2022; 64:1469-1486. [PMID: 35713236 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Seed is the offspring of angiosperms. Plants produce large numbers of seeds to ensure effective reproduction and survival in varying environments. Ovule is a fundamentally important organ and is the precursor of the seed. In Arabidopsis and other plants characterized by multi-ovulate ovaries, ovule initiation determines the maximal ovule number, thus greatly affecting seed number per fruit and seed yield. Investigating the regulatory mechanism of ovule initiation has both scientific and economic significance. However, the genetic and molecular basis underlying ovule initiation remains unclear due to technological limitations. Very recently, rules governing the multiple ovules initiation from one placenta have been identified, the individual functions and crosstalk of phytohormones in regulating ovule initiation have been further characterized, and new regulators of ovule boundary are reported, therefore expanding the understanding of this field. In this review, we present an overview of current knowledge in ovule initiation and summarize the significance of ovule initiation in regulating the number of plant offspring, as well as raise insights for the future study in this field that provide potential routes for the improvement of crop yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Xia Yu
- The Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds/Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Yu-Tong Jiang
- The Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Wen-Hui Lin
- The Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds/Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
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Zhang Y, Wang Y, Sun X, Yuan J, Zhao Z, Gao J, Wen X, Tang F, Kang M, Abliz B, Zhang Z, Zhang H, Wang F, Li Z. Genome-Wide Identification of MDH Family Genes and Their Association with Salt Tolerance in Rice. PLANTS 2022; 11:plants11111498. [PMID: 35684271 PMCID: PMC9182821 DOI: 10.3390/plants11111498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2022] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Malate dehydrogenase (MDH) is widely present in nature and regulates plant growth and development, as well as playing essential roles, especially in abiotic stress responses. Nevertheless, there is no comprehensive knowledge to date on MDH family members in rice. In this study, a total of 12 MDH members in rice were identified through genome-wide analysis and divided into three groups on the basis of their phylogenetic relationship and protein-conserved motifs. Evolutionary analysis showed that MDH proteins from rice, maize and wheat shared a close phylogenetic relationship, and the MDH family was conserved in the long-term process of domestication. We identified two segmental duplication events involving four genes, which could be the major force driving the expansion of the OsMDH family. The expression profile, cis-regulatory elements and qRT-PCR results of these genes revealed that a few OsMDH showed high tissue specificity, almost all of which had stress response elements in the promoter region, and ten MDH members were significantly induced by salt stress. Through gene-based association analysis, we found a significant correlation between salt tolerance at the seedling stage and the genetic variation of OsMDH8.1 and OsMDH12.1. Additionally, we found that the polymorphism in the promoter region of OsMDH8.1 might be related to the salt tolerance of rice. This study aimed to provide valuable information on the functional study of the rice MDH gene family related to salt stress response and revealed that OsMDH8.1 might be an important gene for the cultivar improvement of salt tolerance in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanhong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.W.); (X.S.); (J.G.); (Z.Z.); (H.Z.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Crop Biotechnology, Institute of Nuclear Technology and Biotechnology, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China; (J.Y.); (Z.Z.); (B.A.)
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Soil Improvement and Utilization (Saline-Alkali Land in Arid and Semi-Arid Regions), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Urumqi 830091, China
| | - Yulong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.W.); (X.S.); (J.G.); (Z.Z.); (H.Z.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xingming Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.W.); (X.S.); (J.G.); (Z.Z.); (H.Z.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jie Yuan
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Crop Biotechnology, Institute of Nuclear Technology and Biotechnology, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China; (J.Y.); (Z.Z.); (B.A.)
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Soil Improvement and Utilization (Saline-Alkali Land in Arid and Semi-Arid Regions), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Urumqi 830091, China
| | - Zhiqiang Zhao
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Crop Biotechnology, Institute of Nuclear Technology and Biotechnology, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China; (J.Y.); (Z.Z.); (B.A.)
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Soil Improvement and Utilization (Saline-Alkali Land in Arid and Semi-Arid Regions), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Urumqi 830091, China
| | - Jie Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.W.); (X.S.); (J.G.); (Z.Z.); (H.Z.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xiaorong Wen
- Rice Experiment Station in Wensu, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wensu, Aksu 843100, China; (X.W.); (F.T.); (M.K.)
| | - Fusen Tang
- Rice Experiment Station in Wensu, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wensu, Aksu 843100, China; (X.W.); (F.T.); (M.K.)
| | - Mintai Kang
- Rice Experiment Station in Wensu, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wensu, Aksu 843100, China; (X.W.); (F.T.); (M.K.)
| | - Buhaliqem Abliz
- Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Crop Biotechnology, Institute of Nuclear Technology and Biotechnology, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China; (J.Y.); (Z.Z.); (B.A.)
| | - Zhanying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.W.); (X.S.); (J.G.); (Z.Z.); (H.Z.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Hongliang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.W.); (X.S.); (J.G.); (Z.Z.); (H.Z.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Fengbin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Saline-Alkali Soil Improvement and Utilization (Saline-Alkali Land in Arid and Semi-Arid Regions), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Urumqi 830091, China
- Rice Experiment Station in Wensu, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wensu, Aksu 843100, China; (X.W.); (F.T.); (M.K.)
- Institute of Grain Crops, Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, China
- Correspondence: (F.W.); (Z.L.)
| | - Zichao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.W.); (X.S.); (J.G.); (Z.Z.); (H.Z.)
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Correspondence: (F.W.); (Z.L.)
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Hu LQ, Chang JH, Yu SX, Jiang YT, Li RH, Zheng JX, Zhang YJ, Xue HW, Lin WH. PIN3 positively regulates the late initiation of ovule primordia in Arabidopsis thaliana. PLoS Genet 2022; 18:e1010077. [PMID: 35245283 PMCID: PMC8896676 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1010077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Ovule initiation determines the maximum ovule number and has great impact on seed number and yield. However, the regulation of ovule initiation remains largely elusive. We previously reported that most of the ovule primordia initiate asynchronously at floral stage 9 and PINFORMED1 (PIN1) polarization and auxin distribution contributed to this process. Here, we further demonstrate that a small amount of ovule primordia initiate at floral stage 10 when the existing ovules initiated at floral stage 9 start to differentiate. Genetic analysis revealed that the absence of PIN3 function leads to the reduction in pistil size and the lack of late-initiated ovules, suggesting PIN3 promotes the late ovule initiation process and pistil growth. Physiological analysis illustrated that, unlike picloram, exogenous application of NAA can’t restore these defective phenotypes, implying that PIN3-mediated polar auxin transport is required for the late ovule initiation and pistil length. qRT-PCR results indicated that the expression of SEEDSTICK (STK) is up-regulated under auxin analogues treatment while is down-regulated in pin3 mutants. Meanwhile, overexpressing STK rescues pin3 phenotypes, suggesting STK participates in PIN3-mediated late ovule initiation possibly by promoting pistil growth. Furthermore, brassinosteroid influences the late ovule initiation through positively regulating PIN3 expression. Collectively, this study demonstrates that PIN3 promotes the late ovule initiation and contributes to the extra ovule number. Our results give important clues for increasing seed number and yield of cruciferous and leguminous crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Qin Hu
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, The Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds/Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jin-Hui Chang
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, The Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds/Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shi-Xia Yu
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, The Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds/Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu-Tong Jiang
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, The Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds/Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Rong-Han Li
- Zhiyuan College, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ji-Xuan Zheng
- Zhiyuan College, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan-Jie Zhang
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, The Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds/Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hong-Wei Xue
- Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds/Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Wen-Hui Lin
- School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, The Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, Shanghai Collaborative Innovation Center of Agri-Seeds/Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- * E-mail:
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Yang X, Tucker MR. Establishing a regulatory blueprint for ovule number and function during plant development. CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 63:102095. [PMID: 34428719 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2021.102095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The plant ovule is a fundamentally important organ that is the direct progenitor of the seed. It is one of the last structures to form in the flower and contains relatively few tissues, but undergoes complex developmental transitions that are essential for reproduction. Ovule number and flower fertility are important factors influencing yield, yet studies have identified challenges in trying to increase one without compromising the other. Recent findings in Arabidopsis and cereal crops highlight regulatory pathways that contribute to this yield constraint. Here, we consider the basis for variation in ovule number and development, with a particular focus on hormones and transcriptional regulators that constitute promising targets for the optimisation of reproductive traits and yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiujuan Yang
- Waite Research Institute, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA, 5064, Australia
| | - Matthew R Tucker
- Waite Research Institute, School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, The University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA, 5064, Australia.
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Teng Z, Zheng W, Yu Y, Hong SB, Zhu Z, Zang Y. Effects of BrMYC2/3/4 on Plant Development, Glucosinolate Metabolism, and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum Resistance in Transgenic Arabidopsis thaliana. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:707054. [PMID: 34539701 PMCID: PMC8446384 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.707054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
MYC2/3/4, known as a basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription factor, directly activate the genes involved in diverse plant development and secondary metabolites biosynthesis. In this study, we identified and cloned five MYC paralogs (BrMYC2/3-1/3-2/4-1/4-2) from Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa ssp. pekinensis). In-silico analyses for the physicochemical properties suggested that BrMYC2/3-1/3-2/4-2/4-3 are unstable hydrophobic and acidic proteins, while BrMYC4-1 is an unstable hydrophobic and basic protein. BrMYC2/3/4 belong to the bHLH superfamily and are closely related to AthMYC2/3/4 orthologs that mediate the regulation of various secondary metabolites. It was demonstrated that BrMYC2/3/4-GFP fusion protein localized in the nucleus and expression levels of five BrMYC2/3/4 homologous genes all elevated relative to control (Ctrl). When expressed in Arabidopsis under the control of 35S promoter, each of the BrMYC2/3-1/3-2/4-1/4-2 transgenes differentially influenced root and shoot elongation, vegetative phase change, flowering time, plant height and tiller number after flowering, and seed production. Despite the variation of phenotypes between the transgenic lines, all the lines except for BrMYC4-2 exhibited shorter seed length, less seed weight, higher accumulation of glucosinolates (GSs), and resistance to Sclerotinia sclerotiorum than Ctrl. Notably, BrMYC2 overexpression (OE) line significantly reduced the lengths of root and hypocotyl, seed length, and weight, along with faster bolting time and strikingly higher accumulation of total GSs. Accumulation of GSs at the highest levels in the BrMYC2 OE line conferred the highest resistance to S. sclerotiorum. Unlike BrMYC3 OE and BrMYC4 OE , BrMYC2 OE stimulated the growth of plant height after fluorescence. The results of this study point to the BrMYC2 overexpression that may provide a beneficial effect on plant growth and development via plant resistance to the fungal pathogen.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyan Teng
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Weiwei Zheng
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Youjian Yu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Seung-Beom Hong
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Houston Clear Lake, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Zhujun Zhu
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yunxiang Zang
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, China
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Nimmakayala P, Lopez-Ortiz C, Shahi B, Abburi VL, Natarajan P, Kshetry AO, Shinde S, Davenport B, Stommel J, Reddy UK. Exploration into natural variation for genes associated with fruit shape and size among Capsicum chinense collections. Genomics 2021; 113:3002-3014. [PMID: 34229041 DOI: 10.1016/j.ygeno.2021.06.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Phenotype diversity within cultivated Capsicum chinense is particularly evident for fruit shape and size. We used this diversity in C. chinense to further unravel the genetic mechanisms underlying fruit shape variation in pepper and related Solanaceous species. We identified candidate genes for C. chinense fruit shape, explored their contribution to population structure, and characterized their potential function in pepper fruit shape. Using genotyping by sequencing, we identified 43,081 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from diverse collections of C. chinense. Principal component, neighbor-joining tree, and population structure analyses resolved 3 phylogenetically robust clusters associated with fruit shapes. Genome-wide association study (GWAS) was used to identify associated genomic regions with various fruit shape traits obtained from image analysis with Tomato Analyzer software. In our GWAS, we selected 12 SNPs associated with locule number trait and 8 SNP markers associated with other fruit shape traits such as perimeter, area, obovoid, ellipsoid and morphometrics (5y, 6y and 7y). The SNPs in CLAVATA1, WD-40, Auxin receptor, AAA type ATPase family protein, and RNA polymerase III genes were the major markers identified for fruit locule number from our GWAS results. Furthermore, we found SNPs in tetratricopeptide-repeat thioredoxin-like 3, enhancer of ABA co-receptor 1, subunit of exocyst complex 8 and pleiotropic drug resistance proteins associated with various fruit shape traits. CLAVATA1, WD-40 and Auxin receptor genes are known genes that affect tomato fruit shape. In this study, we used Arabidopsis thaliana T-DNA insertion knockout mutants and expression profiles for functional characterization of newly identified genes and to understand their role in fruit shape.
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Affiliation(s)
- Padma Nimmakayala
- Gus R. Douglass Institute and Department of Biology, West Virginia State University, Institute, WV-25112, USA
| | - Carlos Lopez-Ortiz
- Gus R. Douglass Institute and Department of Biology, West Virginia State University, Institute, WV-25112, USA
| | - Bhagarathi Shahi
- Gus R. Douglass Institute and Department of Biology, West Virginia State University, Institute, WV-25112, USA
| | - Venkata L Abburi
- Gus R. Douglass Institute and Department of Biology, West Virginia State University, Institute, WV-25112, USA
| | - Purushothaman Natarajan
- Gus R. Douglass Institute and Department of Biology, West Virginia State University, Institute, WV-25112, USA
| | - Arjun Ojha Kshetry
- Gus R. Douglass Institute and Department of Biology, West Virginia State University, Institute, WV-25112, USA
| | - Suhas Shinde
- Gus R. Douglass Institute and Department of Biology, West Virginia State University, Institute, WV-25112, USA
| | - Brittany Davenport
- Gus R. Douglass Institute and Department of Biology, West Virginia State University, Institute, WV-25112, USA
| | - John Stommel
- Genetic Improvement of Fruits and Vegetables Laboratory, USDA, ARS, Beltsville MD-20705, USA
| | - Umesh K Reddy
- Gus R. Douglass Institute and Department of Biology, West Virginia State University, Institute, WV-25112, USA.
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Yu SX, Zhou LW, Hu LQ, Jiang YT, Zhang YJ, Feng SL, Jiao Y, Xu L, Lin WH. Asynchrony of ovule primordia initiation in Arabidopsis. Development 2020; 147:226107. [PMID: 33234714 PMCID: PMC7774900 DOI: 10.1242/dev.196618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Plant ovule initiation determines the maximum of ovule number and has a great impact on the seed number per fruit. The detailed processes of ovule initiation have not been accurately described, although two connected processes, gynoecium and ovule development, have been investigated. Here, we report that ovules initiate asynchronously. The first group of ovule primordia grows out, the placenta elongates, the boundaries of existing ovules enlarge and a new group of primordia initiates from the boundaries. The expression pattern of different marker genes during ovule development illustrates that this asynchronicity continues throughout whole ovule development. PIN-FORMED1 polar distribution and auxin response maxima correlate with ovule primordia asynchronous initiation. We have established computational modeling to show how auxin dynamics influence ovule primordia initiation. Brassinosteroid signaling positively regulates ovule number by promoting placentae size and ovule primordia initiation through strengthening auxin response. Transcriptomic analysis demonstrates numerous known regulators of ovule development and hormone signaling, and many new genes are identified that are involved in ovule development. Taken together, our results illustrate that the ovule primordia initiate asynchronously and the hormone signals are involved in the asynchrony. Summary: Ovule primordia initiation, which determines the maximum ovule number and subsequent seed number in Arabidopsis, is asynchronous and is regulated by PIN1 polar distribution and the auxin response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Xia Yu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Lv-Wen Zhou
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Li-Qin Hu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yu-Tong Jiang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Yan-Jie Zhang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Shi-Liang Feng
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and Mechanics, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang 315211, China
| | - Yuling Jiao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, and National Center for Plant Gene Research, Beijing 100101, China.,College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lin Xu
- College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.,National Key Laboratory of Plant Molecular Genetics, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Institute of Plant Physiology and Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Wen-Hui Lin
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic & Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences & Biotechnology, Joint Center for Single Cell Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
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