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Wang G, Ren Y, Su Y, Zhang H, Li J, Zhao H, Zhang H, Han J. Identification of toxic Gelsemium elegans in processed food and honey based on real-time PCR analysis. Food Res Int 2024; 182:114188. [PMID: 38519193 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodres.2024.114188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2023] [Revised: 02/20/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Gelsemium elegans (GE) is a widely distributed hypertoxic plant that has caused many food poisoning incidents. Its pollen can also be collected by bees to produce toxic honey, posing a great threat to the health and safety of consumers. However, for the complex matrices such as cooked food and honey, it is challenging to perform composition analysis. It is necessary to establish more effective strategies for investigating GE contamination. In this study, the real-time PCR (qPCR) analysis combined with DNA barcode matK was proposed for the identification and detection of GE. Fifteen honey samples along with twenty-eight individuals of GE and the common confusable objects Lonicera japonica, Ficus hirta, Stellera chamaejasme and Chelidonium majus were gathered. Additionally, the food mixtures treated with 20-min boiling and 30-min digestion were prepared. Specific primers were designed, and the detection capability and sensitivity of qPCR in honey and boiled and digested food matrices were tested. The results demonstrated that the matK sequence with sufficient mutation sites was an effective molecular marker for species differentiation. GE and the confusable species could be clearly classified by the fluorescence signal of qPCR assay with a high sensitivity of 0.001 ng/μl. In addition, this method was successfully employed for the detection of deeply processed food materials and honey containing GE plants which even accounted for only 0.1 %. The sequencing-free qPCR approach undoubtedly can serve as a robust support for the quality supervision of honey industry and the prevention and diagnosis of food poisoning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Wang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Ren
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Yuying Su
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jinfeng Li
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Hongxia Zhao
- Institute of Zoology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huixia Zhang
- Agro-Tech Extension Center of Guangdong Province, China
| | - Jianping Han
- Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.
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Samatadze TE, Yurkevich OY, Khazieva FM, Basalaeva IV, Konyaeva EA, Burova AE, Zoshchuk SA, Morozov AI, Amosova AV, Muravenko OV. Agro-Morphological and Cytogenetic Characterization of Colchicine-Induced Tetraploid Plants of Polemonium caeruleum L. (Polemoniaceae). PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11192585. [PMID: 36235449 PMCID: PMC9570621 DOI: 10.3390/plants11192585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 09/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Polemonium caeruleum L. (Polemoniaceae) is a valuable medicinal herb with a wide spectrum of biological activities. Under natural conditions, the productivity of this species is rather low. In this study, colchicine-induced tetraploid plants (2n = 4x = 36) of P. caeruleum were obtained, and for the first time, their morphological and cytogenetic characterization was performed. In the tetraploid plants, raw material productivity and also the content of triterpene saponins were significantly higher than in the control diploids. The analysis of chromosome behavior at meiosis and FISH chromosome mapping of 45S and 5S rDNA generally demonstrated stability of both genomes in the tetraploid plants. Based on chromosome morphology and distribution patterns of the studied molecular cytogenetic markers, all chromosome pairs in karyotypes were identified, and chromosome karyograms and idiograms of P. caeruleum were constructed. The revealed specific microdiagnostic characteristics of P. caeruleum (strongly sinuous cells and anomocytic stomata of the leaf epidermis, and also glandular hairs along the veins) could be useful for raw material identification. In the obtained tetraploids, the predominance of large stomata on the lower leaf epidermis was determined. The studied tetraploids can be used in various breeding programs to obtain high-quality pharmaceutical raw materials of P. caeruleum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana E. Samatadze
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 32 Vavilov St., Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Olga Yu. Yurkevich
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 32 Vavilov St., Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Firdaus M. Khazieva
- All-Russian Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 7 Green St., Moscow 117216, Russia
| | - Irina V. Basalaeva
- All-Russian Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 7 Green St., Moscow 117216, Russia
| | - Elena A. Konyaeva
- All-Russian Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 7 Green St., Moscow 117216, Russia
| | - Alla E. Burova
- All-Russian Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 7 Green St., Moscow 117216, Russia
| | - Svyatoslav A. Zoshchuk
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 32 Vavilov St., Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Alexander I. Morozov
- All-Russian Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants, 7 Green St., Moscow 117216, Russia
| | - Alexandra V. Amosova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 32 Vavilov St., Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Olga V. Muravenko
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 32 Vavilov St., Moscow 119991, Russia
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Deng P, Xie X, Long F, Zhang L, Li Y, Zhao Z, Yang S, Wang Y, Fan R, Li Z. Trait Variations and Probability Grading Index System on Leaf-Related Traits of Eucommia ulmoides Oliver Germplasm. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 10:plants10112280. [PMID: 34834643 PMCID: PMC8620490 DOI: 10.3390/plants10112280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Eucommia ulmoides Oliver (EUO), an economic tree grown specifically in China, is widely used in various fields. To satisfy the requirements of industrial development, superior varieties need to be selected for different uses. However, there is no unified standard for breeders to reference. In this study, leaf-related traits were classified by a probability grading method. The results indicated there were significant differences between different planting models for the studied traits, and the traits in the Arbor forest model showed more abundant variation. Compared with genotype, the planting model accounted for relatively bigger variance, indicating that the standard should be divided according to planting models. Furthermore, the optimum planting model for different traits would be obtained by analyzing the variation range. Association analyses were conducted among traits to select the crucial evaluation indexes. The indexes were divided into three grades in different planting models. The evaluation system on leaf-related traits of EUO germplasm was established preliminarily, which considered planting models and stability across years for the first time. It can be treated as a reference to identify and evaluate EUO germplasm resources. Additionally, the study served as an example for the classification of quantitative traits in other economically important perennial plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Deng
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (P.D.); (X.X.); (F.L.); (L.Z.); (Y.L.); (Y.W.); (R.F.)
| | - Xiangchen Xie
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (P.D.); (X.X.); (F.L.); (L.Z.); (Y.L.); (Y.W.); (R.F.)
| | - Feiyu Long
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (P.D.); (X.X.); (F.L.); (L.Z.); (Y.L.); (Y.W.); (R.F.)
| | - Liang Zhang
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (P.D.); (X.X.); (F.L.); (L.Z.); (Y.L.); (Y.W.); (R.F.)
| | - Yonghang Li
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (P.D.); (X.X.); (F.L.); (L.Z.); (Y.L.); (Y.W.); (R.F.)
| | - Zhangxu Zhao
- College of Economics and Management, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China;
| | - Shiyao Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China;
| | - Yiran Wang
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (P.D.); (X.X.); (F.L.); (L.Z.); (Y.L.); (Y.W.); (R.F.)
| | - Ruishen Fan
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (P.D.); (X.X.); (F.L.); (L.Z.); (Y.L.); (Y.W.); (R.F.)
| | - Zhouqi Li
- College of Forestry, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang 712100, China; (P.D.); (X.X.); (F.L.); (L.Z.); (Y.L.); (Y.W.); (R.F.)
- Correspondence:
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Krizhanovska V, Sile I, Kronberga A, Nakurte I, Mezaka I, Dambrova M, Pugovics O, Grinberga S. The Cultivation of Chelidonium majus L. Increased the Total Alkaloid Content and Cytotoxic Activity Compared with Those of Wild-Grown Plants. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10091971. [PMID: 34579502 PMCID: PMC8467419 DOI: 10.3390/plants10091971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The effect of cultivation practises on both the phytochemical profile and biological activity of aqueous ethanol extracts of Chelidonium majus L. was studied. Extracts were prepared from aerial parts of the same plant population collected in the wild and grown under organic farming conditions. Both qualitative and quantitative analyses of alkaloids and flavonoid derivatives were performed by LC/MS methods, and the cytotoxicity of lyophilised extracts was studied in B16-F10, HepG2, and CaCo-2 cells. Coptisine was the dominant alkaloid of extracts prepared from wild-grown plants, whereas after cultivation, chelidonine was the most abundant alkaloid. The total alkaloid content was significantly increased by cultivation. Ten flavonol glycoconjugates were identified in C. majus extracts, and quantitative analysis did not reveal significant differences between extracts prepared from wild-grown and cultivated specimens. Treatment with C. majus extracts resulted in a dose-dependent increase in cytotoxicity in all three cell lines. The extracts prepared from cultivated specimens showed higher cytotoxicity than the extracts prepared from wild-grown plants. The strongest cytotoxic effect of cultivated C. majus was observed in B16-F10 cells (IC50 = 174.98 ± 1.12 µg/mL). Cultivation-induced differences in the phytochemical composition of C. majus extracts resulted in significant increases in the cytotoxic activities of the preparations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valerija Krizhanovska
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, 21 Aizkraukles Str., LV-1006 Riga, Latvia; (V.K.); (I.S.); (M.D.); (O.P.)
| | - Inga Sile
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, 21 Aizkraukles Str., LV-1006 Riga, Latvia; (V.K.); (I.S.); (M.D.); (O.P.)
- Department of Dosage Form Technology, Riga Stradins University, 16 Dzirciema Str., LV-1007 Riga, Latvia
| | - Arta Kronberga
- Field and Forest, SIA, 2 Izstades Str., LV-4126 Priekuli Parish, Cēsis County, Latvia;
| | - Ilva Nakurte
- Institute for Environmental Solutions, “Lidlauks”, LV-4126 Priekuļi Parish, Cēsis County, Latvia; (I.N.); (I.M.)
| | - Ieva Mezaka
- Institute for Environmental Solutions, “Lidlauks”, LV-4126 Priekuļi Parish, Cēsis County, Latvia; (I.N.); (I.M.)
| | - Maija Dambrova
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, 21 Aizkraukles Str., LV-1006 Riga, Latvia; (V.K.); (I.S.); (M.D.); (O.P.)
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Riga Stradins University, 16 Dzirciema Str., LV-1007 Riga, Latvia
| | - Osvalds Pugovics
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, 21 Aizkraukles Str., LV-1006 Riga, Latvia; (V.K.); (I.S.); (M.D.); (O.P.)
| | - Solveiga Grinberga
- Latvian Institute of Organic Synthesis, 21 Aizkraukles Str., LV-1006 Riga, Latvia; (V.K.); (I.S.); (M.D.); (O.P.)
- Correspondence:
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