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Perveen R, Jamil Y, Al-Huqail AA, Alsudays IM, Alghanem SMS, Ali Q, Saeed F, Azeem M, Rizwan M, Al-Robai SA. Effects of pulsed Nd:YAG laser kernel irradiation on maize (Zea mays L.): Insights into germination, gas exchange, photosynthetic pigments, and morphological modifications. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY. B, BIOLOGY 2024; 253:112876. [PMID: 38452453 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2024.112876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024]
Abstract
Energy has always been the most concerned topic worldwide due to its large consumption. Among various types of energies, light has amazing characteristics and have interesting effects on living organisms. Interest is increasing in the use of laser kernel treatment as an environment friendly physical technique for better results in agronomic crops, but the work is still in progress. The present study was conducted with the aim to examine the application of range of Neodymium-doped Yttrium Aluminum Garnet (Nd:YAG) pulsed laser exposures (200, 400, 600, 800, 1000, 1200, 1400 J/cm2) as pre-sowing kernel treatment on seedling survival rate, leaf photosynthetic activity in relation with photosynthetic pigments and visual morphological effects at seedling to maturity stage. Results showed that the low laser exposure (200, 400 and 600 J/cm2) improved the photosynthetic activity in parallel with improvement in chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, carotenoids as well as morphological traits. Kernel treatments with higher laser fluences (800, 1000, 1200 and 1400 J/cm2) showed irregular responses in studied attributes examined at the individual plant level. At 800 and 1000 J/cm2 improvements were found in some plants but at higher doses clear negative impacts were recorded on studied attributes. In conclusion, the lower doses of Nd:YAG pulsed laser fluences are found beneficial for induction of improvement in maize plants for better growth but higher doses were found toxic ones. In future further studies are needed to check the impacts of low laser doses on yield related attributes under field conditions and the high doses might also be used to create variants with beneficial characteristics if possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashida Perveen
- Laser Spectroscopy Lab, Department of Physics, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Yasir Jamil
- Laser Spectroscopy Lab, Department of Physics, University of Agriculture Faisalabad, 38040, Pakistan
| | - Arwa Abdulkreem Al-Huqail
- Department of Biology, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia
| | | | | | - Qasim Ali
- Department of Botany, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Farah Saeed
- Department of Botany, Government College Women University Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Azeem
- Department of Biology, College of Science, University of Bahrain, Zallaq, Bahrain
| | - Muhammad Rizwan
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan.
| | - Sami Asir Al-Robai
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Al-Baha University, Al-Baha 1988, Saudi Arabia
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Hassan M, Shaaban SA, El Ziat RA, Khaled KA. Laser-induced changes in the gene expression, growth and development of Gladiolus grandiflorus cv. "White Prosperity". Sci Rep 2024; 14:6257. [PMID: 38491044 PMCID: PMC10943131 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-56430-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/18/2024] Open
Abstract
Corms of Gladiolus grandiflorus cv. "White Prosperity" was irradiated via red laser at wavelength 635 nm. Various morphological, flowering, elemental and chemical characterizations were studied. Irradiation with different power (5, 20, and 50 mW) and various irradiation time (0.0, 0.5, 1, 3, 5 and 10 min) was studied. Several characters), totaletermined include vegetative growth parameter (spouting days, plant height (cm), leaves number, leaves fresh and dry weights (g/plant), diameter of plant middle part (mm) and leaf area (cm2), floral parameters (flowering days, vase life (day), fresh and dry weights of inflorescence (g/plant), number of flowers per inflorescence, inflorescence length(cm), flowers diameter(cm), number of corms per plant, corms fresh weight(g/plant), circumference/ corms), pigments [total chlorophylls in leaves (SPAD), anthocyanin content (mg/100 g F.W.) in petals], NPK (%) in new corms and chemical composition in corms; total carbohydrates (%),total phenol (μg CE/g (%),total flavonoid (μg CE/g) (%), antioxidant (DPPH IC50 (μg /ml (%), and proline content (μ moles/g). The results showed that the medium level (20 mW) of He-Ne laser at 5 min caused favorable changes in the leaf anatomical structures and other studied characters followed by the low level (5 mW) of He-Ne laser at 5min. 112 bands emerged from 22 SSR primers, ranging between 130 and 540 bp, with 32 bands having polymorphism ranging from 17-100%. Out of the 22 SSR primers, 3 primers exhibited a high polymorphism percentage, i.e., SSR6, SSR16 and SSR22 which exhibited 7 positive markers. These findings revealed the efficiency of SSR primers for differentiating gladiolus plants and revealed that some alleles were affected by laser in their corms and the expression resulted in color or abnormalities in leaves and/or flowers. Mutation in some alleles could result in abnormalities like mutation in the allele with 410 bp revealed by SSR16.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manar Hassan
- National Institute of Laser Enhanced Sciences (NILES), Department of Laser Application in Metrology, Photochemistry and Agriculture (LAMPA,), Cairo University, PO 12613, Giza, Egypt
| | - Shimaa A Shaaban
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Agricultural Botany, Cairo University, PO 12613, Giza, 12613, Egypt
| | - Rasha A El Ziat
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Ornamental Horticulture, Cairo University, PO 12613, Giza, Egypt
| | - Khaled A Khaled
- Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Genetics, Beni-Suef University, PO box 62517, Beni Suef, Egypt.
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El Sherif F, AlDayel M, Ismail MB, Alrajeh HS, Younis NS, Khattab S. Bio-Stimulant for Improving Simmondsia chinensis Secondary Metabolite Production, as Well as Antimicrobial Activity and Wound Healing Abilities. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:3311. [PMID: 37765475 PMCID: PMC10536608 DOI: 10.3390/plants12183311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
Simmondsia chinensis is a dioecious, long-lived perennial shrub. Its leaves contain several antioxidant flavonoids that have numerous pharmacological effects. Various strategies have been explored to propagate jojoba with enhanced pharmacological values. This research evaluates the bio-stimulatory impacts of He-Ne laser seed irradiation on seed germination, plantlet growth, and alteration of the composition and bioactivities of phytochemicals in jojoba plants. Jojoba seeds were irradiated for 5, 10, and 15 min before in vitro germination. Germination, growth, and multiplication parameters were recorded during germination, multiple-shoot induction, and rooting stages. The wound healing and antimicrobial activities of methanolic extracts from plant lines obtained from the non-irradiated (control) and 10 min irradiated seeds were compared by excision wound model in Wistar male rats and zone of inhibition assay. Our study revealed that laser irradiation increased seed germination, with the highest percentage observed in seeds irradiated for 10 min. Plant lines from the 10 min irradiated seeds produced more explants with higher explant heights and numbers of leaves, more roots, and higher photosynthetic pigment contents than those of control and other laser testings. By comparing plant extracts from the control and 10 min treatments, we observed that extracts from the 10 min treatment exhibited higher percentages of wound contraction and shorter epithelialization periods. In addition, these extracts also resulted in higher levels of angiogenesis elements (VEGF, TGF-β1, and HIF-1α) and reduced the inflammation regulators (IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, and NFκB) in the experimental rats. In concordance, extracts from the 10 min treatment also explained raised antibacterial activities towards Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. Our findings show that pre-sowing seed treatment with a He-Ne laser (632.8 nm) could be a good technique for stimulating S. chinensis plant growth and increasing the impact compound levels and biological activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fadia El Sherif
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (F.E.S.); (M.A.); (S.K.)
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismalia 41522, Egypt
| | - Munirah AlDayel
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (F.E.S.); (M.A.); (S.K.)
| | - Mohammad Bani Ismail
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Medicine, Aqaba Medical Sciences University, Aqaba 77110, Jordan;
| | - Hind Salih Alrajeh
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (F.E.S.); (M.A.); (S.K.)
| | - Nancy S. Younis
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Clinical Pharmacy, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia
- Zagazig University Hospitals, Zagazig University, Zagazig 44519, Egypt
| | - Salah Khattab
- Department of Biological Sciences, College of Science, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudi Arabia; (F.E.S.); (M.A.); (S.K.)
- Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Suez Canal University, Ismalia 41522, Egypt
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Barabasz-Krasny B, Możdżeń K, Tatoj A, Rożek K, Zandi P, Schnug E, Stachurska-Swakoń A. Ecophysiological Parameters of Medicinal Plant Filipendula vulgaris in Diverse Habitat Conditions. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11081198. [PMID: 36009829 PMCID: PMC9405296 DOI: 10.3390/biology11081198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
This study attempts to determine which of the habitats occupied by Filipendula vulgaris creates better conditions for its growth and development. Selected physiological parameters—PSII activity, chlorophyll content, electrolyte leakage, hydrogen peroxide content as well as biomass, the occurrence of mycorrhiza, and soil characteristics—were investigated. Grassland soils had a higher content of macronutrients and a lower concentration of heavy metals. The degree of colonization of F. vulgaris by AMF (Arum type) oscillated around high values in both types of stands. Plants growing on xerothermic grasslands achieved much better fluorescence parameters than those collected from meadows. Similar results were obtained from the analysis of chlorophyll content. The destabilization degree of cell membranes was significantly higher in plants collected in meadows than in grasslands. Biomass analysis showed higher values of these parameters in grassland plants. In the case of the parameters of fluorescence emission, plants growing on grasslands achieved significantly lower values than plants collected from meadows. The analyses carried out showed that better conditions for growth and physiological activity of F. vulgaris are probably associated with grasslands on a calcareous substrate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beata Barabasz-Krasny
- Department of Botany, Institute of Biology, Pedagogical University of Krakow, 30-084 Cracow, Poland
| | | | - Agnieszka Tatoj
- Department of Botany, Institute of Biology, Pedagogical University of Krakow, 30-084 Cracow, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Rożek
- Institute of Botany, Jagiellonian University, 30-387 Cracow, Poland
| | - Peiman Zandi
- Department of Botany, Institute of Biology, Pedagogical University of Krakow, 30-084 Cracow, Poland
- International Faculty of Applied Technology, Yibin University, Yibin 644000, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Ewald Schnug
- Department of Life Sciences, Institute for Plant Biology, Technical University of Braunschweig, 38-106 Braunschweig, Germany
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Laser Light Treatment Improves the Mineral Composition, Essential Oil Production and Antimicrobial Activity of Mycorrhizal Treated Pelargoniumgraveolens. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27061752. [PMID: 35335116 PMCID: PMC8954123 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27061752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Pelargonium graveolens, rose-scented geranium, is commonly used in the perfume industry. P. graveolens is enriched with essential oils, phenolics, flavonoids, which account for its tremendous biological activities. Laser light treatment and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) inoculation can further enhance the phytochemical content in a significant manner. In this study, we aimed to explore the synergistic impact of these two factors on P. graveolens. For this, we used four groups of surface-sterilized seeds: (1) control group1 (non-irradiated; non-colonized group); (2) control group2 (mycorrhizal colonized group); (3) helium-neon (He-Ne) laser-irradiated group; (4) mycorrhizal colonization coupled with He-Ne laser-irradiation group. Treated seeds were growing in artificial soil inculcated with Rhizophagus irregularis MUCL 41833, in a climate-controlled chamber. After 6 weeks, P. graveolens plants were checked for their phytochemical content and antibacterial potential. Laser light application improved the mycorrhizal colonization in P. graveolens plants which subsequently increased biomass accumulation, minerals uptake, and biological value of P. graveolens. The increase in the biological value was evident by the increase in the essential oils production. The concomitant application of laser light and mycorrhizal colonization also boosted the antimicrobial activity of P. graveolens. These results suggest that AMF co-treatment with laser light could be used as a promising approach to enhance the metabolic content and yield of P. graveolens for industrial and pharmaceutical use.
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Mahmood S, Afzal B, Perveen S, Wahid A, Azeem M, Iqbal N. He-Ne Laser Seed Treatment Improves the Nutraceutical Metabolic Pool of Sunflowers and Provides Better Tolerance Against Water Deficit. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:579429. [PMID: 34079562 PMCID: PMC8165324 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.579429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Water-scarce areas are continually increasing worldwide. This factor reduces the quantity and quality of crops produced in affected areas. Physical seed treatments are considered economical and ecofriendly solutions for such problems. It was hypothesized that a moderately drought-tolerant crop grown from seeds treated with a He-Ne laser utilizes water-limited conditions better than plants grown from untreated seeds. A field study was conducted, growing a moderately drought tolerant crop (sunflower) with supportive seed treatment (He-Ne laser treatment at 300 mJ) for 0, 1, 2, and 3 min. Thirty-day-old plants were subjected to two irrigation conditions: 100% (normal) and 50% (water stress). Harvesting was done at flowering (60-day-old plants) at full maturity. The sunflowers maintained growth and yield under water limitation with a reduced achene number. At 50%, irrigation, there was a reduction in chlorophyll a, a+b and a/b; catalase activity; soluble sugars; and anthocyanin, alongside elevated proline. The improved chlorophyll a, a+b and a/b; metabolisable energy; nutritional value; and yield in the plants grown from He-Ne-laser-treated seeds support our hypothesis. Seeds with 2-min exposure to a He-Ne laser performed best regarding leaf area; leaf number; leaf biomass; chlorophyll a, a+b and a/b; per cent oil yield; 50-achene weight; achene weight per plant; carotenoid content; and total soluble phenolic compound content. Thereafter, the leaves from the best performing level of treatment (2 min) were subjected to high-performance-liquid-chromatography-based phenolic profiling and gas-chromatography-based fatty acid profiling of the oil yield. The He-Ne laser treatment led to the accumulation of nutraceutical phenolic compounds and improved the unsaturated-to-saturated fatty acid ratio of the oil. In conclusion, 2-min He-Ne laser seed treatment could be the best strategy to improve the yield and nutritional value of sunflowers grown in water-limited areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saqib Mahmood
- Department of Botany, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Beenish Afzal
- Department of Botany, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Shagufta Perveen
- Department of Botany, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Abdul Wahid
- Department of Botany, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Azeem
- Department of Botany, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Naeem Iqbal
- Department of Botany, Government College University, Faisalabad, Pakistan
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Swathy PS, Kiran KR, Joshi MB, Mahato KK, Muthusamy A. He-Ne laser accelerates seed germination by modulating growth hormones and reprogramming metabolism in brinjal. Sci Rep 2021; 11:7948. [PMID: 33846419 PMCID: PMC8042036 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-86984-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
A plant’s ability to maximize seed germination, growth, and photosynthetic productivity depends on its aptitude to sense, evaluate, and respond to the quality, quantity, and direction of the light. Among diverse colors of light possessing different wavelengths and red light shown to have a high impact on the photosynthetic and growth responses of the plants. The use of artificial light sources where the quality, intensity, and duration of exposure can be controlled would be an efficient method to increase the efficiency of the crop plants. The coherent, collimated, and monochromatic properties of laser light sources enabled as biostimulator compared to the normal light. The present study was attempted to use the potential role of the He–Ne laser as a bio-stimulator device to improve the germination and growth of brinjal and to investigate the possible interactions of plant and laser photons. A substantial enhancement was observed in germination index, germination time and seed vigor index of laser-irradiated than control groups. The enhanced germination rate was correlated with higher GA content and its biosynthetic genes whereas decreased ABA content and its catabolic genes and GA/ABA ratio were noted in laser-irradiated groups during seed germination than control groups. Further the expression of phytochrome gene transcripts, PhyA and PhyB1 were upregulated in laser-irradiated seedlings which correlate with enhanced seed germination than control. Elevated levels of primary metabolites were noted in the early stages of germination whereas modulation of secondary metabolites was observed in later growth. Consequently, significantly increased photosynthetic rate, stomatal conductance, and transpiration rate was perceived in laser-irradiated seedlings compare with control. The current study showed hormone and phytochrome-mediated mechanisms of seed germination in laser-irradiated groups along with the enhanced photosynthetic rate, primary and secondary metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Puthanvila Surendrababu Swathy
- Department of Plant Sciences, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Kodsara Ramachandra Kiran
- Department of Plant Sciences, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Manjunath B Joshi
- Department of Ageing Research, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Krishna Kishore Mahato
- Department of Biophysics, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Annamalai Muthusamy
- Department of Plant Sciences, Manipal School of Life Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India.
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