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Zhang W, Zhou N, Zhang Y, Huang Z, Hu H, Liang J, Qin Y. Construction of thermoplastic cellulose esters matrix composites with enhanced flame retardancy and mechanical properties by embedding hydrophobic magnesium hydroxide. J Appl Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/app.50677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wuxiang Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangxi University Nanning China
| | - Nan Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangxi University Nanning China
| | - Yanjuan Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangxi University Nanning China
| | - Zuqiang Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangxi University Nanning China
| | - Huayu Hu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangxi University Nanning China
| | - Jing Liang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangxi University Nanning China
| | - Yuben Qin
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Guangxi University Nanning China
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Li J, Baker T, Sacripante GG, Lawton DJW, Marway HS, Zhang H, Thompson MR. Solvent-free production of thermoplastic lignocellulose from wood pulp by reactive extrusion. Carbohydr Polym 2021; 270:118361. [PMID: 34364606 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A novel acylation approach suited to rapid bulk thermoplasticization of lignocellulose without solvents was previously demonstrated by the authors in benchtop batch studies. The method relies upon a benzethonium chloride/sulfuric acid functionalizing agent at low concentrations to act as a wetting agent for the wood pulp, similar to an ionic liquid, yet binds to the lignocellulose ester as a flow aid in the final thermoplastic. The present investigation evaluates the approach in a residence time-limited (45-90 s) continuous twin-screw reactor, where intensive mixing and heat were found to yield high acylation. The modified lignocellulose exhibited desired thermoplasticity by being melt moldable without the need for plasticizers and maintained much of the excellent stiffness of cellulose, demonstrating a maximum flexural modulus of 5.4 GPa and tensile modulus of 1.8 GPa. The influence of extrusion conditions on thermoplasticity was examined by a Design of Experiments (DOE) analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinlei Li
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Thomas Baker
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Guerino G Sacripante
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - David J W Lawton
- Xerox Research Centre of Canada, Mississauga, ON L5K 2L1, Canada
| | - Heera S Marway
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Hongfeng Zhang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada
| | - Michael R Thompson
- Department of Chemical Engineering, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON L8S 4L8, Canada.
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Efficient Extraction and Structural Characterization of Hemicellulose from Sugarcane Bagasse Pith. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12030608. [PMID: 32155926 PMCID: PMC7182931 DOI: 10.3390/polym12030608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2020] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the ultrasound-assisted alkaline extraction process and structural properties of hemicellulose from sugarcane bagasse pith. Response surface model (RSM) was established in order to optimize the extraction conditions for the highest hemicellulose yield based on the single-factor experiments. A maximum total hemicellulose yield of 23.05% was obtained under the optimal conditions of ultrasonic treatment time of 28 min, KOH mass concentration of 3.7%, and extraction temperature of 53 °C, and it evidently increased 3.24% compared without ultrasound-assisted extraction. The obtained hemicellulose was analyzed by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. The monosaccharide composition and average molecular weight of hemicellulose were characterized by using ion chromatography (IC) and gel permeation chromatography (GPC). The results indicated that xylose was dominant component in water-soluble hemicellulose (WH, 69.05%) and alkali-soluble hemicellulose (AH, 85.83%), respectively. Furthermore, the monosaccharides (otherwise xylose) and uronic acids contents of WH were higher than that of AH. Weight average molecular weight of WH was 29923 g/mol, lower than that of AH (74,872 g/mol). These results indicate that ultrasonic-assisted alkaline extraction is an efficient approach for the separation of hemicellulose from sugarcane bagasse pith.
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Chen W, Meng XT, Wang HH, Zhang XQ, Wei Y, Li ZY, Li D, Zhang AP, Liu CF. A Feasible Way to Produce Carbon Nanofiber by Electrospinning from Sugarcane Bagasse. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1968. [PMID: 31795517 PMCID: PMC6960696 DOI: 10.3390/polym11121968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2019] [Revised: 11/13/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Recently, the nanofiber materials derived from natural polymers instead of petroleum-based polymers by electrospinning have aroused a great deal of interests. The lignocellulosic biomass could not be electrospun into nanofiber directly due to its poor solubility. Here, sugarcane bagasse (SCB) was subjected to the homogeneous esterification with different anhydrides, and the corresponding esterified products (SCB-A) were obtained. It was found that the bead-free and uniform nanofibers were obtained via electrospinning even when the mass fraction of acetylated SCB was 70%. According to the thermogravimetric analyses, the addition of SCB-A could improve the thermal stability of the electrospun composite nanofibers. More importantly, in contrast to the pure polyacrylonitrile (PAN) based carbon nanofiber, the SCB-A based carbon nanofibers had higher electrical conductivity and the surface N element content. In addition, the superfine carbon nanofiber mats with minimum average diameter of 117.0 ± 13.7 nm derived from SCB-A were obtained, which results in a larger Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface area than pure PAN based carbon nanofiber. These results demonstrated that the combination of the homogeneous esterification and electrospinning could be a feasible and potential way to produce the bio-based carbon nanofibers directly from lignocellulosic without component separation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; (W.C.); (X.-T.M.); (H.-H.W.); (X.-Q.Z.); (Y.W.); (Z.-Y.L.); (D.L.)
| | - Xin-Tong Meng
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; (W.C.); (X.-T.M.); (H.-H.W.); (X.-Q.Z.); (Y.W.); (Z.-Y.L.); (D.L.)
| | - Hui-Hui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; (W.C.); (X.-T.M.); (H.-H.W.); (X.-Q.Z.); (Y.W.); (Z.-Y.L.); (D.L.)
| | - Xue-Qin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; (W.C.); (X.-T.M.); (H.-H.W.); (X.-Q.Z.); (Y.W.); (Z.-Y.L.); (D.L.)
- College of Light Industry and Food Science, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou 510225, China
| | - Yi Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; (W.C.); (X.-T.M.); (H.-H.W.); (X.-Q.Z.); (Y.W.); (Z.-Y.L.); (D.L.)
| | - Zeng-Yong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; (W.C.); (X.-T.M.); (H.-H.W.); (X.-Q.Z.); (Y.W.); (Z.-Y.L.); (D.L.)
| | - Di Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; (W.C.); (X.-T.M.); (H.-H.W.); (X.-Q.Z.); (Y.W.); (Z.-Y.L.); (D.L.)
| | - Ai-Ping Zhang
- College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China;
| | - Chuan-Fu Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China; (W.C.); (X.-T.M.); (H.-H.W.); (X.-Q.Z.); (Y.W.); (Z.-Y.L.); (D.L.)
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Ochiai B, Watanabe T, Hanzawa C, Akiyama K, Matsumura Y, Shimura R, Koda T, Nishioka A. Milling in Seconds Accelerates Acetylation of Cellulose in Hours. ACS OMEGA 2019; 4:17542-17546. [PMID: 31656927 PMCID: PMC6812106 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.9b02422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A new sustainable synthetic method for cellulose acetate was developed by a combination of I2-catalyzed solid-liquid acetylation of cellulose and a milling process reducing the crystallinity of cellulose within a few seconds. Milled low-crystalline cellulose was acetylated faster than the original cellulose with higher crystallinity. The plausible factors of acceleration were the conversion of the hydroxy group in hydrogen bonds into reactive ones and the efficient formation of the catalytic species I+ by the enhanced formation of I3 - assisted by the amorphous domain of the milled cellulose, while the morphological and structural changes were ignorable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bungo Ochiai
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Graduate School
of Science and Engineering and Department of Organic Materials Science, Graduate
School of Organic Materials Science, Yamagata
University, 4-3-16, Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
| | - Toshiya Watanabe
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Graduate School
of Science and Engineering and Department of Organic Materials Science, Graduate
School of Organic Materials Science, Yamagata
University, 4-3-16, Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
| | - Chikako Hanzawa
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Graduate School
of Science and Engineering and Department of Organic Materials Science, Graduate
School of Organic Materials Science, Yamagata
University, 4-3-16, Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
| | - Koki Akiyama
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Graduate School
of Science and Engineering and Department of Organic Materials Science, Graduate
School of Organic Materials Science, Yamagata
University, 4-3-16, Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
| | - Yoshimasa Matsumura
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Graduate School
of Science and Engineering and Department of Organic Materials Science, Graduate
School of Organic Materials Science, Yamagata
University, 4-3-16, Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
| | - Ryoichiro Shimura
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Graduate School
of Science and Engineering and Department of Organic Materials Science, Graduate
School of Organic Materials Science, Yamagata
University, 4-3-16, Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
| | - Tomonori Koda
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Graduate School
of Science and Engineering and Department of Organic Materials Science, Graduate
School of Organic Materials Science, Yamagata
University, 4-3-16, Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
| | - Akihiro Nishioka
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Graduate School
of Science and Engineering and Department of Organic Materials Science, Graduate
School of Organic Materials Science, Yamagata
University, 4-3-16, Jonan, Yonezawa, Yamagata 992-8510, Japan
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Chen J, Yu Y, Han J, Guo Y, Yang Z, Shang Q, Liu C. Mechanochemical esterification of waste mulberry wood by wet Ball-milling with tetrabutylammonium fluoride. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2019; 285:121354. [PMID: 31004953 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2019.121354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 04/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/13/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Esterification of lignocellulosic biomass driven by dry ball-milling suffered from agglomeration of lignocellulosic matters during milling process. In this study, esterification of waste mulberry wood (MW) was carried out by wet ball-milling with water and tetrabutylammonium fluoride (TBAF) to prepare all-wood-plastic composites. Under the same condition, the esterification of MW by wet ball-milling with TBAF presented higher efficiency than that without TBAF which was attributed to catalytic function of F- ions meanwhile the binding of TBA+ to cellulose fibrils hindered the compaction of fibrillated fragments. Pre-ball-milling of MW for 4.0 h apparently promoted the esterification with succinic anhydride. All-wood-plastic composites prepared after 7.0 h succinoylation demonstrated prominent mechanical performance due to strong adhesion of fragments and matrix. This study is supposed to provide an environment-friendly method for efficient conversion of waste lignocellulosic biomass.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianqiang Chen
- College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, PR China.
| | - Yang Yu
- College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, PR China
| | - Jiangang Han
- College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, PR China
| | - Ying Guo
- College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University, 159 Longpan Road, Nanjing 210037, PR China
| | - Zhen Yang
- School of Chemistry and Materials Science, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
| | - Qianqian Shang
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Key Lab of Biomass Energy and Material, Jiangsu Province, National Engineering Lab for Biomass Chemical Utilization, Key Lab on Forest Chemical Engineering, State Forestry Administration, Nanjing 210042, PR China
| | - Chengguo Liu
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Key Lab of Biomass Energy and Material, Jiangsu Province, National Engineering Lab for Biomass Chemical Utilization, Key Lab on Forest Chemical Engineering, State Forestry Administration, Nanjing 210042, PR China.
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