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Deterioration of microwave dielectric properties of low-loss thermosetting polyphenylene oxide/hydrocarbon resin induced by short-term thermo-oxidative aging. Polym Degrad Stab 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2022.110193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Chen YC, Reddy KSK, Lin YA, Wang MW, Lin CH. Tetrafluorophenylene-Containing Vinylbenzyl Ether-Terminated Oligo(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene ether) with Better Thermal, Dielectric, and Flame-Retardant Properties for Application in High-Frequency Communication. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:26396-26406. [PMID: 35936464 PMCID: PMC9352225 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c02067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In an integrated circuit, signal propagation loss is proportional to the frequency, dissipation factor (D f), and square root of dielectric constant (D k). The loss becomes obvious as we move to high-frequency communication. Therefore, a polymer having low D k and D f is critical for copper-clad laminates at higher frequencies. For this purpose, a 4-vinylbenzyl ether phenoxy-2,3,5,6-tetrafluorophenylene-terminated OPE (VT-OPE) resin was synthesized and its properties were compared with the thermoset of commercial OPE-2St resin. The thermoset of VT-OPE shows a higher T g (242 vs 229 °C), a relatively high cross-linking density (1.59 vs 1.41 mmole cm-3), a lower coefficient of thermal expansion (55 vs 76 ppm/°C), better dielectric characteristic at 10 GHz (D k values of 2.58 vs 2.75, D f values of 0.005 vs 0.006), lower water absorption (0.135 vs 0.312 wt %), and better flame retardancy (UL-94 VTM-0 vs VTM-1 with dropping seriously) than the thermoset of OPE-2St. To verify the practicability of VT-OPE for copper-clad laminate, a laboratory process was also performed to prepare a copper-clad laminate, which shows a high peeling strength with copper foil (5.5 lb/in), high thermal reliability with a solder dipping test at 288 °C (>600 s), and the time for delamination of the laminate in thermal mechanical analysis (TMA) at 288 °C is over 60 min.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Chun Chen
- Advanced
Research Center for Green Materials Science and Technology, National Taiwan University, 106, No. 1, Section 4, Roosevelt
Road, Room 219, School of Engineering Complex, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Kamani Sudhir K. Reddy
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, National Chung
Hsing University, No. 145, Xingda Road, South District, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
| | - Yu-An Lin
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, National Chung
Hsing University, No. 145, Xingda Road, South District, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
| | - Meng-Wei Wang
- Advanced
Material Development Department, Swancor
High polymer Company Limited by Shares, Nantou 54066, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hsuan Lin
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, National Chung
Hsing University, No. 145, Xingda Road, South District, Taichung 40227, Taiwan
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Yu X, Fang Z, Liu Q, Li D, Meng Y, Luo C, Wang K, Lin Z. Effects of Peroxide Initiator on the Structure and Properties of Ultralow Loss Thermosetting Polyphenylene Oxide-Based Composite. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14091752. [PMID: 35566921 PMCID: PMC9102997 DOI: 10.3390/polym14091752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Although thermosetting polyphenylene oxide- (PPO) based composites with excellent dielectric properties have been widely accepted as superior resin matrices of high-performance copper clad laminate (CCL) for 5G network devices, there has been limited information regarding the composition–process–structure–property relationships of the systems. In this work, the effects of peroxide initiator concentration on the structure and dielectric properties of a free radical cured ultralow loss PPO/Triallyl isocyanate (TAIC) composite system were studied. As expected, the glass transition temperature (Tg) and storage modulus increased with the advancing of crosslinking, whereas the dielectric loss showed an “abnormal” rise with the increase in crosslink density. Extensive studies were carried out by varying the initiator contents and characterizing the structure with spectroscopy, thermal analysis, and positron annihilation lifetime spectrum (PALS) techniques. The results show that the competition of polarity, crosslink density, free volume, and free TAIC are the key factors determining the dielectric properties of the composites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyi Yu
- School for System Design and Intelligent Manufacturing, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China; (X.Y.); (Z.F.)
- College of Materials Science & Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China
| | - Zeming Fang
- School for System Design and Intelligent Manufacturing, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China; (X.Y.); (Z.F.)
| | - Qianfa Liu
- National Engineering Research Center of Electronic Circuits Base Materials, Shengyi Technology Co., Ltd., Dongguan 523000, China; (Q.L.); (D.L.); (Y.M.); (C.L.)
| | - Dan Li
- National Engineering Research Center of Electronic Circuits Base Materials, Shengyi Technology Co., Ltd., Dongguan 523000, China; (Q.L.); (D.L.); (Y.M.); (C.L.)
| | - Yundong Meng
- National Engineering Research Center of Electronic Circuits Base Materials, Shengyi Technology Co., Ltd., Dongguan 523000, China; (Q.L.); (D.L.); (Y.M.); (C.L.)
| | - Cheng Luo
- National Engineering Research Center of Electronic Circuits Base Materials, Shengyi Technology Co., Ltd., Dongguan 523000, China; (Q.L.); (D.L.); (Y.M.); (C.L.)
| | - Ke Wang
- School for System Design and Intelligent Manufacturing, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China; (X.Y.); (Z.F.)
- Correspondence: (K.W.); (Z.L.)
| | - Zhiyong Lin
- College of Materials Science & Engineering, Huaqiao University, Xiamen 361021, China
- Correspondence: (K.W.); (Z.L.)
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Zeng M, Tan D, Feng Z, Chen J, Lu X, Huang Y, Xu Q. Multistructural Network Design Enables Polybenzoxazine to Achieve Low-Loss-Grade Super-High-Frequency Dielectric Properties and High Glass Transition Temperatures. Ind Eng Chem Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.1c03846] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zeng
- Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, PR China
- Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Dengru Tan
- Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Zijian Feng
- Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Jiangbing Chen
- Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Xiang Lu
- Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, PR China
| | - Yiwan Huang
- Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Green Materials for Light Industry, Hubei University of Technology, Wuhan 430068, PR China
| | - Qingyu Xu
- Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, PR China
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Nadeem A, Brown EA, Radford MJ, Andreu I, Gates BD, Rider DA. Improved Resilience and Uniformity in Polysulfone Blends from an Accelerated Grafting Ring-Opening Polymerization Reaction with Benzoxazine. Macromolecules 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.1c01613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ayesha Nadeem
- Chemistry Department, Western Washington University, 516 High Street, Bellingham, Washington 98225, United States
| | - Emily A. Brown
- Chemistry Department, Western Washington University, 516 High Street, Bellingham, Washington 98225, United States
| | - Melissa J. Radford
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, Canada V5A 1S6
| | - Irene Andreu
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, Canada V5A 1S6
| | - Byron D. Gates
- Department of Chemistry, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, Canada V5A 1S6
| | - David A. Rider
- Chemistry Department, Western Washington University, 516 High Street, Bellingham, Washington 98225, United States
- Department of Engineering and Design, Western Washington University, 516 High Street, Bellingham, Washington 98225, United States
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Yu X, Fang Z, Qin Y, Lu D, Liu Q, Luo L, Lin Z, Wang K. FTIR and NMR characterization of thermosetting methyl methacrylate terminated poly(2,6-dimethyl-1,4-phenylene oxide)—triallyl isocyanurate copolymer. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-021-02635-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Chen CH, Liu CH, Ariraman M, Lin CH, Juang TY. Phosphinated Poly(aryl ether)s with Acetic/Phenyl Methacrylic/Vinylbenzyl Ether Moieties for High- T g and Low-Dielectric Thermosets. ACS OMEGA 2018; 3:6031-6038. [PMID: 31458793 PMCID: PMC6644485 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.8b00615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Accepted: 05/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
To achieve insulating materials with a low-dielectric characteristic for high-frequency communication applications, three phosphinated poly(aryl ether)s: P1-act (with acetic moiety), P1-mma (with phenyl methacrylic moiety), and P1-vbe (with vinylbenzyl ether moiety) were modified from a phenol-functionalized phosphinated poly(aryl ether) (P1). P1-act and P1-mma, both with active ester linkages (Ph-O-(C=O)-), were reacted with three commercial epoxy resins (diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A, HP7200, and cresol novolac epoxy) to obtain secondary hydroxyl-free epoxy thermosets. Because of the secondary hydroxyl-free structure, epoxy thermosets cured by P1-act and P1-mma show an 11-15% reduction in dielectric constant than those cured by P1. P1-vbe, with reactive vinylbenzyl ether moieties, was self-cured to a high-performance thermoset with a T g value as high as 302 °C and a dielectric constant as low as 2.64U. High-T g and low-dielectric thermosets have been developed in this work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Han Chen
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, National Chung
Hsing University, 250 Kuo Kuang Road, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Chan-Hua Liu
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, National Chung
Hsing University, 250 Kuo Kuang Road, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Mathivathanan Ariraman
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, National Chung
Hsing University, 250 Kuo Kuang Road, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Hsuan Lin
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, National Chung
Hsing University, 250 Kuo Kuang Road, Taichung 402, Taiwan
| | - Tzong-Yuan Juang
- Department
of Cosmeceutics, China Medical University, 91 Hsueh-Shih Road, Taichung 402, Taiwan
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