1
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Dixon RA, Puente-Urbina A, Beckham GT, Román-Leshkov Y. Enabling Lignin Valorization Through Integrated Advances in Plant Biology and Biorefining. ANNUAL REVIEW OF PLANT BIOLOGY 2024; 75:239-263. [PMID: 39038247 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-arplant-062923-022602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/24/2024]
Abstract
Despite lignin having long been viewed as an impediment to the processing of biomass for the production of paper, biofuels, and high-value chemicals, the valorization of lignin to fuels, chemicals, and materials is now clearly recognized as a critical element for the lignocellulosic bioeconomy. However, the intended application for lignin will likely require a preferred lignin composition and form. To that end, effective lignin valorization will require the integration of plant biology, providing optimal feedstocks, with chemical process engineering, providing efficient lignin transformations. Recent advances in our understanding of lignin biosynthesis have shown that lignin structure is extremely diverse and potentially tunable, while simultaneous developments in lignin refining have resulted in the development of several processes that are more agnostic to lignin composition. Here, we review the interface between in planta lignin design and lignin processing and discuss the advances necessary for lignin valorization to become a feature of advanced biorefining.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard A Dixon
- BioDiscovery Institute and Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas, USA;
- Center for Bioenergy Innovation (CBI), Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
| | - Allen Puente-Urbina
- Renewable Resources and Enabling Sciences Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado, USA
| | - Gregg T Beckham
- Center for Bioenergy Innovation (CBI), Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee, USA
- Renewable Resources and Enabling Sciences Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado, USA
| | - Yuriy Román-Leshkov
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA
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2
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Feng P, Lei J, Mei J, Liu W, Wang H. Effect of lignin on the structure-property behavior of metal-coordinated and chemically crosslinked ethylene-propylene-diene-monomer composites. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 271:132766. [PMID: 38823742 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2024] [Revised: 05/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/03/2024]
Abstract
The efficient development and utilization of green biomass-based macromolecule engineering materials are essential for the sustainable development of human civilization. In this study, lignin-based ethylene-propylene-diene-monomer (EPDM) composites with excellent mechanical performance were fabricated using a simple method. The effects of water-insoluble enzymatically hydrolyzed lignin (EL) and alkali lignin (KL) on the mechanical performance of the composites were investigated separately. The results showed that the tensile strength of EPDM reinforced with KL and EL increased to 24.5 MPa and 22.1 MPa, respectively, surpassing that of the carbon black (CB)-reinforced EPDM. After 72 h of thermo-oxidative aging, the retention rates of the tensile strength and elongation at break in the lignin-reinforced EPDM were much better than those formed with pure CB, indicating that lignin significantly improved the thermo-oxidative aging resistance of the composites. In summary, the Zn2+ coordination bonds formed between the interface of EPDM and lignin in lignin/CB/EPDM ternary composites effectively improved the mechanical performance and aging resistance of the composites. This study has significant implications for enhancing the utilization of lignin and green functional polymer materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingxian Feng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials & Devices, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Junjie Lei
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Green Chemical Product Technology, State Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Jie Mei
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Green Chemical Product Technology, State Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Weifeng Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Chemistry and Fine Chemical Engineering Jieyang Center, Jieyang 515200, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Green Chemical Product Technology, State Key Lab of Pulp and Paper Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China..
| | - Huan Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangzhou Key Laboratory of Sensing Materials & Devices, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China.; Guangdong Provincial Laboratory of Chemistry and Fine Chemical Engineering Jieyang Center, Jieyang 515200, China.
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3
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Wu Z, Lin X, Teng J, Li M, Song J, Huang C, Wang R, Ying H, Zhang L, Zhu C. Recent Advances of Lignin Functionalization for High-Performance and Advanced Functional Rubber Composites. Biomacromolecules 2023; 24:4553-4567. [PMID: 37813827 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c00606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
The biomass lignin is the only large-volume renewable feedstock that is composed of aromatics but has been largely underutilized and is sought for valorization as a value-added material. Recent research has highlighted lignin as a promising alternative to traditional petrol-based reinforcements and functional additives for rubber composites. This review summarized the recent advances in the functionalization of lignin for a variety of rubber composites, as well as the compounding techniques for effectively dispersing lignin within the rubber matrix. Significant progress has been achieved in the development of high-performance and advanced functional rubber/lignin composites through carefully designing the structure of lignin-based additives and the optimization of interfacial morphologies. This Review discussed the effect of lignin on composite properties, including mechanical reinforcement, dynamic properties, antiaging performance, and oil resistance, and also the advanced stimuli-responsive performance in detail. A critical analysis for the future development of rubber/lignin composites is presented as concluding remarks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhengzhe Wu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Xiran Lin
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Jiye Teng
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Ming Li
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Junlong Song
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Caoxing Huang
- Jiangsu Co-Innovation Center for Efficient Processing and Utilization of Forest Resources, International Innovation Center for Forest Chemicals and Materials, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China
| | - Runguo Wang
- Center of Advanced Elastomer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Hanjie Ying
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Liqun Zhang
- Center of Advanced Elastomer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
- Department of Emergent Elastomers, School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China
| | - Chenjie Zhu
- College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
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4
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Jiang J, Zhai J, Zhang Y, Feng Y. Biomimetic Engineering Preparation of High Mechanical and Flame Retardant Elastomers by Introducing Sacrificial Bonds in Covalently Cross-Linked Chloroprene Rubber. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:3367. [PMID: 37631424 PMCID: PMC10458313 DOI: 10.3390/polym15163367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 08/06/2023] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Designing and preparing chloroprene rubber (CR) with robust mechanical and excellent flame retardancy performance are challenging. In this work, a biomimetic design for high mechanical and flame-retardant CR by synchronous introducing of sacrificial bond (disulfide) crosslinked networks into the chemically crosslinked network is developed based on two new types of vulcanization reactions. Under the catalysis of Mg(OH)2, the dynamic bond cross-linked network is formed by the reaction between the amino group of cystamine dihydrochloride (CA) and the allylic chlorine group of CR, while the covalently crosslinked network is synchronously formed by two types of nucleophilic substitution reactions in series between Mg(OH)2 and CR. The disulfide bonds serve as sacrificial bonds that preferentially rupture prior to the covalent network, dissipating energy and facilitating rubber chain orientation, so a CA-0.5 sample (CR/CA(0.5 wt%)/Mg(OH)2 (10 wt%) with dual crosslinked networks exhibits excellent mechanical performance, and the tensile strength and elongation at the break of CA-0.5 are 1.41 times and 1.17 times greater than those of the CR-0 sample with covalently crosslinked networks, respectively. Moreover, the addition of Mg(OH)2 significantly improves the flame retardancy of CR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianliang Jiang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Yaguan Road 135, Tianjin 300350, China
- China (Yangzhou) Material Handling Tech-Engineering Ltd., Hongyang Road 66, Yangzhou 225000, China
| | - Junxue Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics of Ministry of Education (QUST), School of Polymer Science & Engineering, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Zhengzhou Road 5, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Yiqun Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Rubber-Plastics of Ministry of Education (QUST), School of Polymer Science & Engineering, Qingdao University of Science & Technology, Zhengzhou Road 5, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Yakai Feng
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Yaguan Road 135, Tianjin 300350, China
- Frontiers Science Center for Synthetic Biology, Tianjin University, Yaguan Road 135, Tianjin 300350, China
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering (MOE), Tianjin University, Yaguan Road 135, Tianjin 300350, China
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Kruželák J, Hložeková K, Kvasničáková A, Džuganová M, Hronkovič J, Preťo J, Hudec I. Calcium-Lignosulfonate-Filled Rubber Compounds Based on NBR with Enhanced Physical-Mechanical Characteristics. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14245356. [PMID: 36559723 PMCID: PMC9786110 DOI: 10.3390/polym14245356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2022] [Revised: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium lignosulfonate in the amount 30 phr was incorporated into rubber compounds based on pure NBR and an NBR carbon black batch, in which the content of carbon black was 25 phr. Glycerine, as a cheap and environmentally friendly plasticizer, was applied into both types of rubber formulations in a concentration scale ranging from 5 to 20 phr. For the cross-linking of rubber compounds, a sulfur-based curing system was used. The work was aimed at the investigation of glycerine content on the curing process and rheological properties of rubber compounds, cross-link density, morphology and physical-mechanical properties of vulcanizates. The results show that glycerine influences the shapes of curing isotherms and results in a significant decrease between the maximum and minimum torque. This points to the strong plasticizing effect of glycerine on rubber compounds, which was also confirmed from rheological measurements. The application of glycerine resulted in better homogeneity of the rubber compounds and in the better dispersion and distribution of lignosulfonate within the rubber matrix, which was subsequently reflected in the significant improvement of tensile characteristics of vulcanizates. A higher cross-link density as well as better physical-mechanical properties were exhibited by the vulcanizates based on the carbon black batch due to the presence of a reinforcing filler.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ján Kruželák
- Department of Plastics, Rubber and Fibres, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Radlinského 9, 812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Correspondence:
| | - Klaudia Hložeková
- Department of Plastics, Rubber and Fibres, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Radlinského 9, 812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Andrea Kvasničáková
- Department of Plastics, Rubber and Fibres, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Radlinského 9, 812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Michaela Džuganová
- Department of Plastics, Rubber and Fibres, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Radlinského 9, 812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Ján Hronkovič
- VIPO a.s., Gen. Svobodu 1069/4, 958 01 Partizánske, Slovakia
| | - Jozef Preťo
- VIPO a.s., Gen. Svobodu 1069/4, 958 01 Partizánske, Slovakia
| | - Ivan Hudec
- Department of Plastics, Rubber and Fibres, Faculty of Chemical and Food Technology, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, Radlinského 9, 812 37 Bratislava, Slovakia
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6
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Wang H, Huang J, Liu W, Huang J, Yang D, Qiu X, Zhang J. Tough and Fast Light-Controlled Healable Lignin-Containing Polyurethane Elastomers. Macromolecules 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.2c01401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Haixu Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Green Chemical Product Technology, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, P. R. China
| | - Jianhua Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Green Chemical Product Technology, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, P. R. China
| | - Weifeng Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Green Chemical Product Technology, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Guangzhou 510640, P. R. China
| | - Jinhao Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Green Chemical Product Technology, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, P. R. China
| | - Dongjie Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Green Chemical Product Technology, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, P. R. China
| | - Xueqing Qiu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Waihuan Xi Road 100, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, P. R. China
| | - Jiaren Zhang
- Petrochina Petrochemical Research Institute, Science Base Petro China, Block A42, West of Xisha Village Bridge, Changping District, Beijing 102200, P. R. China
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7
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A Review of Rubber Biocomposites Reinforced with Lignocellulosic Fillers. JOURNAL OF COMPOSITES SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/jcs6070183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Lignocellulosic fillers have attracted considerable attention over the years as a promising alternative to conventional petroleum-based fillers (carbon black) in rubber composites due to their renewability, biodegradability, availability, high mechanical properties, low density and low cost. Based on the literature available, a comprehensive review is presented here of rubber biocomposites reinforced with plant-based fillers. The study is divided into different sections depending on the matrix (natural or synthetic rubber) and the type of lignocellulosic fillers (natural fiber, microcrystalline cellulose, lignin and nanocellulose). This review focuses on the curing characteristics, mechanical properties and dynamic mechanical properties of the resulting rubber biocomposites. In addition, the effect of hybrid filler systems, lignocellulosic filler surface modification and modification of the rubber matrix on the properties of these rubber biocomposites are presented and compared. A conclusion is finally presented with some openings for future works.
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8
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Li W, Huang J, Liu W, Qiu X, Lou H, Zheng L. Lignin modified
PBAT
composites with enhanced strength based on interfacial dynamic bonds. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.52476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wenfeng Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou China
| | - Jinhao Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou China
| | - Weifeng Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou China
| | - Xueqing Qiu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry Guangdong University of Technology Guangzhou China
| | - Hongming Lou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering South China University of Technology Guangzhou China
| | - Lu Zheng
- Shanghai Changfa New Material Co., Ltd Shanghai China
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9
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Tian C, Feng H, Qiu Y, Zhang G, Tan T, Zhang L. Facile strategy to incorporate amidoxime groups into elastomers toward self-crosslinking and self-reinforcement. Polym Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2py00991a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Amidoxime modification of NBR and the formation of a multi-crosslinking network structure by self-crosslinking of AO-NBR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenru Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, No. 15 North Third Ring Road East, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Haoran Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, No. 15 North Third Ring Road East, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Yuchen Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, No. 15 North Third Ring Road East, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Ganggang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, No. 15 North Third Ring Road East, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Tianwei Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, No. 15 North Third Ring Road East, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
| | - Liqun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, No. 15 North Third Ring Road East, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100029, P. R. China
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10
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Zhao S, Li J, Yan Z, Lu T, Liu R, Han X, Cai C, Zhao S, Wang H. Preparation of lignin‐based filling antioxidant and its application in
styrene‐butadiene rubber. J Appl Polym Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/app.51281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shengqin Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Rubber‐Plastics of Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber‐Plastics, School of Polymer Science and Engineering Qingdao University of Science & Technology Qingdao China
| | - Jianxing Li
- Key Laboratory of Rubber‐Plastics of Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber‐Plastics, School of Polymer Science and Engineering Qingdao University of Science & Technology Qingdao China
| | - Zepei Yan
- Key Laboratory of Rubber‐Plastics of Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber‐Plastics, School of Polymer Science and Engineering Qingdao University of Science & Technology Qingdao China
| | - Tianyun Lu
- Key Laboratory of Rubber‐Plastics of Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber‐Plastics, School of Polymer Science and Engineering Qingdao University of Science & Technology Qingdao China
| | - Ruiyin Liu
- Key Laboratory of Rubber‐Plastics of Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber‐Plastics, School of Polymer Science and Engineering Qingdao University of Science & Technology Qingdao China
| | - Xiaokun Han
- Key Laboratory of Rubber‐Plastics of Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber‐Plastics, School of Polymer Science and Engineering Qingdao University of Science & Technology Qingdao China
| | - Chencan Cai
- Anhui Hangpin New Material Technology Co., Ltd Xuancheng China
| | - Shugao Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Rubber‐Plastics of Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber‐Plastics, School of Polymer Science and Engineering Qingdao University of Science & Technology Qingdao China
| | - He Wang
- Key Laboratory of Rubber‐Plastics of Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber‐Plastics, School of Polymer Science and Engineering Qingdao University of Science & Technology Qingdao China
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11
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Yu WW, Xu WZ, Wei YC, Liao S, Luo MC. Mechanically Robust Elastomers Enabled by a Facile Interfacial Interactions-Driven Sacrificial Network. Macromol Rapid Commun 2021; 42:e2100509. [PMID: 34562290 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202100509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Revised: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Strength and toughness are usually mutually exclusive for materials. The sacrificial bond strategy is used to address the trade-off between strength and toughness. However, the complex construction process of sacrificial network limits the application of sacrificial network. This work develops a facile strategy to construct an interfacial interactions-driven sacrificial network. The authors' group finds that there are the interfacial interactions between arginines (A) aggregates and molecular chains. Such interfacial interactions result in the mechanical properties of samples having a strong dependence on extension rates, which shows that A aggregates construct a network structure by interfacial interactions. The interfacial interactions between A aggregates and chains improve the strength of samples; while the A aggregate network driven by interfacial interactions preferentially ruptures to dissipate large energy for the improvement of fracture toughness, which can be considered as a sacrificial network. Therefore, their designed elastomers have both high strength and high toughness. This work provides an easier strategy for the construction of sacrificial networks, which can promote the industrial application of sacrificial networks in elastomer materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei-Wei Yu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Tropical Island Resources of Ministry of Education, Natural Rubber Cooperative Innovation Center of Hainan Province and Ministry of Education of PRC, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Wen-Zhe Xu
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Tropical Island Resources of Ministry of Education, Natural Rubber Cooperative Innovation Center of Hainan Province and Ministry of Education of PRC, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Yan-Chan Wei
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Tropical Island Resources of Ministry of Education, Natural Rubber Cooperative Innovation Center of Hainan Province and Ministry of Education of PRC, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Shuangquan Liao
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Tropical Island Resources of Ministry of Education, Natural Rubber Cooperative Innovation Center of Hainan Province and Ministry of Education of PRC, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China.,Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers (Beijing University of Chemical Technology), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100029, China
| | - Ming-Chao Luo
- Key Laboratory of Advanced Materials of Tropical Island Resources of Ministry of Education, Natural Rubber Cooperative Innovation Center of Hainan Province and Ministry of Education of PRC, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China.,Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers (Beijing University of Chemical Technology), Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100029, China
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12
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Huang J, Liu W, Qiu X, Tu Z, Li J, Lou H. Effects of sacrificial coordination bonds on the mechanical performance of lignin-based thermoplastic elastomer composites. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 183:1450-1458. [PMID: 33974926 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.04.188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 04/25/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
In this work, the coordination-based energy sacrificial bonds have been constructed in the interphase between lignin and polyolefin elastomer to prepare high performance lignin-based thermoplastic elastomers (TPEs). The strength and toughness of lignin-based TPEs can be adjusted by choosing different nitrogen heterocyclic compounds as reactive assistants and Fe3+ or Zn2+ as metal coordination centers. It was demonstrated that 3-Amino-1,2,4-triazole with three nitrogen atoms in the heterocyclic ring and one nitrogen branch chain could form the most efficient coordination bond system and generate the best mechanical performance. The system with ferric iron as coordination center exhibited better enhancement effect than divalent zinc. By adjusting the nitrogen-containing reactive additives or metal salts as coordination centers, the mechanical performance of the lignin-based TPE can be regulated, which provides a method for making green bio-composites with good strength and toughness, and also promotes the high value utilization of lignin in polymer materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinhao Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Green Fine Chemicals, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China
| | - Weifeng Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Green Fine Chemicals, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China.
| | - Xueqing Qiu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Waihuan Xi Road 100, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China.
| | - Zhikai Tu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Green Fine Chemicals, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China
| | - Jinxing Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Green Fine Chemicals, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China
| | - Hongming Lou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Green Fine Chemicals, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China
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13
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The Characteristics of Natural Rubber Composites with Klason Lignin as a Green Reinforcing Filler: Thermal Stability, Mechanical and Dynamical Properties. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13071109. [PMID: 33807283 PMCID: PMC8036919 DOI: 10.3390/polym13071109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The objective of this work was to investigate the influences of Klason lignin as a filler on the thermal stability and properties of natural rubber composites. The modulus and tensile strength of stabilized vulcanizates were measured before and after thermo-oxidative aging. It was determined that lignin filled natural rubber had significantly enhanced thermo-oxidative aging and mechanical properties compared to those of controlled samples. The reinforcement effect of lignin increased stress with lignin loading but it decreased at 20 phr, suggesting that the reinforcement mechanism of lignin was via strain-induced crystallization. The composite samples with 10 phr filler loading had the highest mechanical properties as well as thermo-oxidative degradation resistance. Such a finding could be due to interactions between the Klason lignin filler and natural rubber matrix. Based on the findings in this work, the degradation temperature of Klason lignin occurred at 420 °C. The absorption peaks at wavenumbers 1192 and 1374 cm−1 indicated that C–O stretching vibrations of the syringyl and guaiacyl rings of hardwood lignin existed. It was also found that the Klason lignin–rubber composite containing 10 phr had the highest stress–strain, 100% modulus, and tensile strength, while lignin showed increasing aging resistance of the composite comparable with commercial antioxidant at 1.5 phr. It appears that Klason lignin from rubberwood could be used as a green antioxidant and alternative reinforcing filler and for high performance eco-friendly natural rubber biocomposites.
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Wang H, Yang D, Xiong W, Liu W, Qiu X. One-pot preparation of hydrophobic lignin/SiO 2 nanoparticles and its reinforcing effect on HDPE. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 180:523-532. [PMID: 33745976 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.03.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Nano silica (SiO2) is usually used as a common reinforcing agent in polymer materials, in which the interfacial interaction greatly affects the mechanical properties of the composites. The reinforcement effect of silica on non-polar polymer is restricted due to their poor compatibility. In this work, amphipathic lignin modified by quaternization and alkylation was used as a modifier for silica to prepare hydrophobic lignin/SiO2 nanoparticles by in-situ one-pot co-precipitation method. In alkaline solution, hydrophobic lignin and SiO2 (from Na2SiO3) were self-assembled to form nanospheres through electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions. The results showed that the lignin/SiO2 nanoparticles were highly hydrophobic nanospheres with macropores in the surface. When the lignin/SiO2 nanoparticles (10 wt%) were added to reinforce high-density polyethylene (HDPE), the mechanical properties of HDPE were improved with the strength of 24.5 MPa and the elongation of 1096%, which were increased by 10.4% and 14.3% compared with the control HDPE, because of the good compatibility and large bonding area. This work puts forward a new solution for the application of lignin in reinforcement of non-polar polymers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixu Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Green Fine Chemicals, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China
| | - Dongjie Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Green Fine Chemicals, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China.
| | - Wenlong Xiong
- School of Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University, Science Avenue 100, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
| | - Weifeng Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangdong Engineering Research Center for Green Fine Chemicals, South China University of Technology, Wushan Road 381, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640, China.
| | - Xueqing Qiu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Light Industry, Guangdong University of Technology, Waihuan Xi Road 100, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
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Chen N, Liu W, Huang J, Qiu X. Preparation of octopus-like lignin-grafted cationic polyacrylamide flocculant and its application for water flocculation. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 146:9-17. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.12.245] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 12/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Self-assembled lignin-silica hybrid material derived from rice husks as the sustainable reinforcing fillers for natural rubber. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 145:410-416. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.12.182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Wang H, Liu W, Tu Z, Huang J, Qiu X. Lignin-Reinforced Nitrile Rubber/Poly(vinyl chloride) Composites via Metal Coordination Interactions. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b05198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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