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Chheda D, Shete S, Tanisha T, Devrao Bahadure S, Sampathi S, Junnuthula V, Dyawanapelly S. Multifaceted therapeutic applications of biomimetic nanovaccines. Drug Discov Today 2024; 29:103991. [PMID: 38663578 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2024.103991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
The development of vaccines has had a crucial role in preventing and controlling infectious diseases on a global scale. Innovative formulations of biomimetic vaccines inspired by natural defense mechanisms combine long-term antigen stability, immunogenicity, and targeted delivery with sustained release. Types of biomimetic nanoparticle (NP) include bacterial outer membrane vesicles (OMVs), cell membrane-decorated NPs, liposomes, and exosomes. These approaches have shown potential for cancer immunotherapy, and in antibacterial and antiviral applications. Despite current challenges, nanovaccines have immense potential to transform disease prevention and treatment, promising therapeutic approaches for the future. In this review, we highlight recent advances in biomimetic vaccine design, mechanisms of action, and clinical applications, emphasizing their role in personalized medicine, targeted drug delivery, and immunomodulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dev Chheda
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, India
| | - Sukhen Shete
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, India
| | - Tanisha Tanisha
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Hajipur, India
| | - Sumedh Devrao Bahadure
- Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Guwahati, India
| | - Sunitha Sampathi
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Vishwakarma University, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
| | | | - Sathish Dyawanapelly
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai, India.
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Saeed Y, Zhong R, Sun Z. Advances in traditional herbal formulation based nano-vaccine for cancer immunotherapy: Unraveling the enigma of complex tumor environment and multidrug resistance. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 132:111948. [PMID: 38554445 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2024.111948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/01/2024]
Abstract
Cancer is attributed to uncontrolled cell growth and is among the leading causes of death with no known effective treatment while complex tumor microenvironment (TME) and multidrug resistance (MDR) are major challenges for developing an effective therapeutic strategy. Advancement in cancer immunotherapy has been limited by the over-activation of the host immune response that ultimately affects healthy tissues or organs and leads to a feeble response of the patient's immune system against tumor cells. Besides, traditional herbal medicines (THM) have been well-known for their essential role in the treatment of cancer and are considered relatively safe due to their compatibility with the human body. Yet, poor solubility, low bio-availability, and lack of understanding about their pathophysiological mechanism halt their clinical application. Moreover, considering the complex TME and drug resistance, the most precarious and least discussed concerns for developing THM-based nano-vaccination, are identification of specific biomarkers for drug inhibitory protein and targeted delivery of bioactive ingredients of THM on the specific sites in tumor cells. The concept of THM-based nano-vaccination indicates immunomodulation of TME by THM-based bioactive adjuvants, exerting immunomodulatory effects, via targeted inhibition of key proteins involved in the metastasis of cancer. However, this concept is at its nascent stage and very few preclinical studies provided the evidence to support clinical translation. Therefore, we attempted to capsulize previously reported studies highlighting the role of THM-based nano-medicine in reducing the risk of MDR and combating complex tumor environments to provide a reference for future study design by discussing the challenges and opportunities for developing an effective and safe therapeutic strategy against cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmeen Saeed
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Utilization and Conservation of Food and Medicinal Resources in Northern Region, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan 512005, China.
| | - Ruimin Zhong
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Utilization and Conservation of Food and Medicinal Resources in Northern Region, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan 512005, China
| | - Zhanghua Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Utilization and Conservation of Food and Medicinal Resources in Northern Region, Shaoguan University, Shaoguan 512005, China
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Mohapatra A, Rajendrakumar SK, Cherukula K, Park MS, Padmanaban S, Vasukuty A, Mohanty A, Lee JY, Bae WK, Park IK. A sugar modified amphiphilic cationic nano-adjuvant ceased tumor immune suppression and rejuvenated peptide vaccine induced antitumor immunity in cervical cancer. Biomater Sci 2023; 11:1853-1866. [PMID: 36655902 DOI: 10.1039/d2bm01715f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Human papilloma virus (HPV), one of the most common cancer-causing viruses, accounts for more than 90% of human anal and cervical cancers. Clinical studies have focused on adjuvant therapy with vaccines to improve therapeutic outcomes in patients with late-stage HPV-related cancers. In the present study, a mannose receptor (CD206) targeting a lithocholic acid-modified polyethylenimine (PEI) nano-adjuvant delivering the toll-like receptor 7/8 agonist, resiquimod (R848) (mLAPMi-R848), in a HPV E6- and E7-expressing TC-1 tumor murine model was developed. Peritumoral administration of mLAPMi resulted in enhanced accumulation in tumor/tumor-draining lymph nodes and significantly targeted antigen presenting cells like macrophage and dendritic cells. PEI-based nanocarriers can exploit the adjuvant potency of R848 and improve the antitumor immunity. Hence, co-administration of mLAPMi-R848 along with an E6E7 peptide in TC-1 tumor mice eradicated tumor burden and elicited splenocyte-induced cytotoxicity in TC-1 cancer cells. In a bilateral TC-1 tumor model, administration of mLAPMi-R848 and E6E7 peptide significantly suppressed both primary and secondary tumor burdens and improved the overall survival rate. Immune cell profiling revealed elevated levels of mature DCs and CD8+ T cells but reduced levels of tumor-associated immunosuppressive cells (TAICs) like myeloid derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) and regulatory T (Treg) cells in distal tumors. Overall, this study demonstrated that mLAPMi-R848 has improved the antitumor immunity of the peptide antigen against HPV-induced cancers by targeted immunodulation of antigen presenting cells (APCs) and reducing TAICs. Furthermore, this nano-adjuvant has the potential to offer a new treatment option for patients with cervical cancer and can be applied for the treatment of other HPV induced cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adityanarayan Mohapatra
- Department of Biomedical Science and BK21 PLUS Center for Creative Biomedical Scientists at Chonnam National University, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea.
| | - Santhosh Kalash Rajendrakumar
- Department of Biomedical Science and BK21 PLUS Center for Creative Biomedical Scientists at Chonnam National University, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea.
| | - Kondareddy Cherukula
- Department of Biomedical Science and BK21 PLUS Center for Creative Biomedical Scientists at Chonnam National University, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea.
| | - Myong-Suk Park
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, 61469, South Korea
| | - Sathiyamoorthy Padmanaban
- Department of Biomedical Science and BK21 PLUS Center for Creative Biomedical Scientists at Chonnam National University, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea.
| | - Arathy Vasukuty
- Department of Biomedical Science and BK21 PLUS Center for Creative Biomedical Scientists at Chonnam National University, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ayeskanta Mohanty
- Department of Biomedical Science and BK21 PLUS Center for Creative Biomedical Scientists at Chonnam National University, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea.
| | - Jae Young Lee
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Gwangju Institute of Science and Engineering, Gwangju 61005, Korea
| | - Woo Kyun Bae
- Department of Hematology-Oncology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, 61469, South Korea
| | - In-Kyu Park
- Department of Biomedical Science and BK21 PLUS Center for Creative Biomedical Scientists at Chonnam National University, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 61469, Republic of Korea.
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Hashemi Goradel N, Nemati M, Bakhshandeh A, Arashkia A, Negahdari B. Nanovaccines for cancer immunotherapy: Focusing on complex formation between adjuvant and antigen. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 117:109887. [PMID: 36841155 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.109887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 01/29/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
As an interesting cancer immunotherapy approach, cancer vaccines have been developed to deliver tumor antigens and adjuvants to antigen-presenting cells (APCs). Although the safety and easy production shifted the vaccine designing platforms toward the subunit vaccines, their efficacy is limited due to inefficient vaccine delivery. Nanotechnology-based vaccines, called nanovaccines, address the delivery limitations through co-delivery of antigens and adjuvants into lymphoid organs and APCs and their intracellular release, leading to cross-presentation of antigens and induction of potent anti-tumor immune responses. Although the nanovaccines, either as encapsulating agents or biomimetic nanoparticles, exert the desired anti-tumor activities, there is evidence that the mixing formulation to form nanocomplexes between antigens and adjuvants based on the electrostatic interactions provokes high levels of immune responses owing to Ags' availability and faster release. Here, we summarized the various platforms for developing cancer vaccines and the advantages of using delivery systems. The cancer nanovaccines, including nanoparticle-based and biomimetic-based nanovaccines, are discussed in detail. Finally, we focused on the nanocomplexes formation between antigens and adjuvants as promising cancer nanovaccine platforms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasser Hashemi Goradel
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran.
| | - Mahnaz Nemati
- Amir Oncology Hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Azam Bakhshandeh
- Department of Industrial Engineering and Management Systems, Amirkabir University of Technology (Tehran Polytechnic), Tehran, Iran
| | - Arash Arashkia
- Department of Molecular Virology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Babak Negahdari
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, School of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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Mohapatra A, Park IK. Recent Advances in ROS-Scavenging Metallic Nanozymes for Anti-Inflammatory Diseases: A Review. Chonnam Med J 2023; 59:13-23. [PMID: 36794252 PMCID: PMC9900225 DOI: 10.4068/cmj.2023.59.1.13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress and dysregulated inflammatory responses are the hallmarks of inflammatory disorders, which are key contributors to high mortality rates and impose a substantial economic burden on society. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are vital signaling molecules that promote the development of inflammatory disorders. The existing mainstream therapeutic approaches, including steroid and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, and proinflammatory cytokine inhibitors with anti-leucocyte inhibitors, are not efficient at curing the adverse effects of severe inflammation. Moreover, they have serious side effects. Metallic nanozymes (MNZs) mimic the endogenous enzymatic process and are promising candidates for the treatment of ROS-associated inflammatory disorders. Owing to the existing level of development of these metallic nanozymes, they are efficient at scavenging excess ROS and can resolve the drawbacks of traditional therapies. This review summarizes the context of ROS during inflammation and provides an overview of recent advances in metallic nanozymes as therapeutic agents. Furthermore, the challenges associated with MNZs and an outline for future to promote the clinical translation of MNZs are discussed. Our review of this expanding multidisciplinary field will benefit the current research and clinical application of metallic-nanozyme-based ROS scavenging in inflammatory disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adityanarayan Mohapatra
- Department of Biomedical Science, BK21 PLUS Center for Creative Biomedical Scientists, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - In-Kyu Park
- Department of Biomedical Science, BK21 PLUS Center for Creative Biomedical Scientists, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
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Mohanty A, Park IK. Protein-Caged Nanoparticles: A Promising Nanomedicine Against Cancer. Chonnam Med J 2023; 59:1-12. [PMID: 36794248 PMCID: PMC9900222 DOI: 10.4068/cmj.2023.59.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Revised: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 12/27/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a severe threat to human wellness. A broad range of nanoparticles (NPs) have been developed to treat cancer. Given their safety profile, natural biomolecules such as protein-based NPs (PNPs) are promising substitutes for synthetic NPs that are currently used in drug delivery systems. In particular, PNPs have diverse characteristics and are monodisperse, chemically and genetically changeable, biodegradable, and biocompatible. To promote their application in clinical settings, PNPs must be precisely fabricated to fully exploit their advantages. This review highlights the different types of proteins that can be used to produce PNPs. Additionally, the recent applications of these nanomedicines and their therapeutic benefits against cancer are explored. Several future research directions that can facilitate the clinical application of PNPs are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayeskanta Mohanty
- Department of Biomedical Science, BK21 PLUS Center for Creative Biomedical Scientists, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
| | - In-Kyu Park
- Department of Biomedical Science, BK21 PLUS Center for Creative Biomedical Scientists, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
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Wang D, Gu W, Chen W, Zhou J, Yu L, Kook Kim B, Zhang X, Seung Kim J. Advanced nanovaccines based on engineering nanomaterials for accurately enhanced cancer immunotherapy. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Dai H, Huang Y, Guo J, Li L, Ke Y, Cen L, Meng F, Chen X, Liu B, Qian X. Engineering a HemoMap Nanovaccine for Inducing Immune Responses against Melanoma. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:52634-52642. [PMID: 36383430 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c14379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Neoantigen vaccines have opened a new paradigm for cancer immunotherapy. Here, we constructed a neoantigen nanovaccine-HemoMap, with the ability to target lymph nodes and activate immune cells. We propose a HemoMap nanovaccine consisting of the mouse melanoma highly expressed antigenic peptide Tyrp1 and a magnesium nanoadjuvant-HemoM. By immunofluorescence labeling of the nanovaccine, the lymph node targeting of the vaccine was observed and verified by a mouse near-infrared imaging system. About two-fold higher effective retention of HemoMap induces the internalization of Tyrp1 in DCs than that of free Tyrp1 in draining lymph nodes (DLNs) for 48 h. A mouse melanoma subcutaneous model was established to evaluate neoantigen-specific antitumor immune responses. In comparison to the control group, the tumor growth rate was dramatically slowed down by HemoMap treatment, and the median survival time was extended by 7 days. We discovered that effective co-delivery of Tyrp1 antigen and magnesium (Mg2+) to lymph nodes (LNs) boosted cellular internalization and activated immune cells, such as CD11c+ DCs and CD8+ T lymphocytes. Spleen lymphocytes from the HemoMap group displayed much more antitumor activity than those from the other groups. Our findings highlight that HemoMap is promising to trigger T cell responses and to provide novel nanoadjuvants strategies for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengheng Dai
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre, China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Ying Huang
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Jingyi Guo
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre, China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yaohua Ke
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Lanqi Cen
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre, China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Fanyan Meng
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Xinjie Chen
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre, China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Baorui Liu
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre, China Pharmaceutical University Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210008, China
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Xiaoping Qian
- The Comprehensive Cancer Centre of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing 210008, China
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Lv S, Sylvestre M, Prossnitz AN, Yang LF, Pun SH. Design of Polymeric Carriers for Intracellular Peptide Delivery in Oncology Applications. Chem Rev 2021; 121:11653-11698. [PMID: 33566580 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
In recent decades, peptides, which can possess high potency, excellent selectivity, and low toxicity, have emerged as promising therapeutics for cancer applications. Combined with an improved understanding of tumor biology and immuno-oncology, peptides have demonstrated robust antitumor efficacy in preclinical tumor models. However, the translation of peptides with intracellular targets into clinical therapies has been severely hindered by limitations in their intrinsic structure, such as low systemic stability, rapid clearance, and poor membrane permeability, that impede intracellular delivery. In this Review, we summarize recent advances in polymer-mediated intracellular delivery of peptides for cancer therapy, including both therapeutic peptides and peptide antigens. We highlight strategies to engineer polymeric materials to increase peptide delivery efficiency, especially cytosolic delivery, which plays a crucial role in potentiating peptide-based therapies. Finally, we discuss future opportunities for peptides in cancer treatment, with an emphasis on the design of polymer nanocarriers for optimized peptide delivery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Alexander N Prossnitz
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, United States
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A combination of immunoadjuvant nanocomplexes and dendritic cell vaccines in the presence of immune checkpoint blockade for effective cancer immunotherapy. Cell Mol Immunol 2021; 18:1599-1601. [PMID: 33782574 DOI: 10.1038/s41423-021-00666-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
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Vijayan V, Mohapatra A, Uthaman S, Park IK. Recent Advances in Nanovaccines Using Biomimetic Immunomodulatory Materials. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:E534. [PMID: 31615112 PMCID: PMC6835828 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11100534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2019] [Revised: 10/09/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of vaccines plays a vital role in the effective control of several fatal diseases. However, effective prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines have yet to be developed for completely curing deadly diseases, such as cancer, malaria, HIV, and serious microbial infections. Thus, suitable vaccine candidates need to be designed to elicit appropriate immune responses. Nanotechnology has been found to play a unique role in the design of vaccines, providing them with enhanced specificity and potency. Nano-scaled materials, such as virus-like particles, liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles (NPs), and protein NPs, have received considerable attention over the past decade as potential carriers for the delivery of vaccine antigens and adjuvants, due to their beneficial advantages, like improved antigen stability, targeted delivery, and long-time release, for which antigens/adjuvants are either encapsulated within, or decorated on, the NP surface. Flexibility in the design of nanomedicine allows for the programming of immune responses, thereby addressing the many challenges encountered in vaccine development. Biomimetic NPs have emerged as innovative natural mimicking biosystems that can be used for a wide range of biomedical applications. In this review, we discuss the recent advances in biomimetic nanovaccines, and their use in anti-bacterial therapy, anti-HIV therapy, anti-malarial therapy, anti-melittin therapy, and anti-tumor immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veena Vijayan
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 58128, Korea.
| | - Adityanarayan Mohapatra
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 58128, Korea.
| | - Saji Uthaman
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Chungnam National University, 99 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34134, Korea.
| | - In-Kyu Park
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju 58128, Korea.
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Le QV, Suh J, Choi JJ, Park GT, Lee JW, Shim G, Oh YK. In Situ Nanoadjuvant-Assembled Tumor Vaccine for Preventing Long-Term Recurrence. ACS NANO 2019; 13:7442-7462. [PMID: 31180642 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b02071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Although immune checkpoint inhibitors have emerged as a breakthrough in cancer therapy, a monotherapy approach is not sufficient. Here, we report an immune checkpoint inhibitor-modified nanoparticle for an in situ-assembled tumor vaccine that can activate immune systems in the tumor microenvironment and prevent the long-term recurrence of tumors. Adjuvant-loaded nanoparticles were prepared by entrapping imiquimod (IQ) in photoresponsive polydopamine nanoparticles (IQ/PNs). The surfaces of IQ/PNs were then modified with anti-PDL1 antibody (PDL1Ab-IQ/PNs) for in situ assembly with inactivated tumor cells and immune checkpoint blocking of PDL1 (programmed cell death 1 ligand 1). The presence of anti-PDL1 antibodies on IQ/PNs increased the binding of nanoparticles to CT26 cancer cells overexpressing PDL1. Subsequent near-infrared (NIR) irradiation induced a greater photothermal anticancer effect against cells treated with PDL1Ab-IQ/PNs than cells treated with plain PNs or unmodified IQ/PNs. To mimic the tumor microenvironment, we cocultured bone marrow-derived dendritic cells with CT26 cells treated with various nanoparticle formulations and NIR irradiated. This coculture study revealed that NIR-inactivated, PDL1Ab-IQ/PN-bound CT26 cells induced maturation of dendritic cells to the greatest extent. Following a single intravenous administration of different nanoparticle formulations in CT26 tumor-bearing mice, PDL1Ab-IQ/PNs showed greater tumor tissue accumulation than unmodified nanoparticles. Subsequent NIR irradiation of mice treated with PDL1Ab-IQ/PNs resulted in tumor ablation. In addition to primary tumor ablation, PDL1Ab-IQ/PNs completely prevented the growth of a secondarily challenged CT26 tumor at a distant site, producing 100% survival for up to 150 days. A long-term protection study revealed that treatment with PDL1Ab-IQ/PNs followed by NIR irradiation inhibited the growth of distant, secondarily challenged CT26 tumors 150 days after the first tumor inoculation. Moreover, increased infiltration of T cells was observed in tumor tissues treated with PDL1Ab-IQ/PNs and NIR-irradiated, and T cells isolated from splenocytes of mice in which tumor recurrence was prevented showed active killing of CT26 cells. These results suggest that PDL1Ab-IQ/PNs in conjunction with NIR irradiation induce a potent, in situ-assembled, all-in-one tumor vaccine with adjuvant-containing nanoparticle-bound, inactivated tumor cells. Such in situ nanoadjuvant-assembled tumor vaccines can be further developed for long-term prevention of tumor recurrence without the need for chemotherapy.
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Surendran SP, Moon MJ, Park R, Jeong YY. Bioactive Nanoparticles for Cancer Immunotherapy. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E3877. [PMID: 30518139 PMCID: PMC6321368 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19123877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Revised: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 12/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Currently, immunotherapy is considered to be one of the effective treatment modalities for cancer. All the developments and discoveries in this field up to the recent Nobel Prize add to the interest for research into this vast area of study. Targeting tumor environment as well as the immune system is a suitable strategy to be applied for cancer treatment. Usage of nanoparticle systems for delivery of immunotherapeutic agents to the body being widely studied and found to be a promising area of research to be considered and investigated further. Nanoparticles for immunotherapy would be one of the effective treatment options for cancer therapy in the future due to their high specificity, efficacy, ability to diagnose, imaging, and therapeutic effect. Among the many nanoparticle systems, polylactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) nanoparticles, liposomes, micelles, gold nanoparticles, iron oxide, dendrimers, and artificial exosomes are widely used for immunotherapy of cancer. Moreover, the combination therapy found to be the more effective way of treating the tumor. Here, we review the current trends in nanoparticle therapy and efficiency of these nanosystems in delivering antigens, adjuvants, therapeutic drugs, and other immunotherapeutic agents. This review summarizes the currently available bioactive nanoparticle systems for cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suchithra Poilil Surendran
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Biomolecular Theranostics (BiT) Lab, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun 58128, South Korea.
| | - Myeong Ju Moon
- Department of Radiology, Biomolecular Theranostics (BiT) Lab, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun 58128, South Korea.
| | - Rayoung Park
- Department of Radiology, Biomolecular Theranostics (BiT) Lab, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun 58128, South Korea.
| | - Yong Yeon Jeong
- Department of Radiology, Biomolecular Theranostics (BiT) Lab, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun 58128, South Korea.
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