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da Silva MM, Proença MP, Covas JA, Paiva MC. Shape-Memory Polymers Based on Carbon Nanotube Composites. MICROMACHINES 2024; 15:748. [PMID: 38930718 PMCID: PMC11205355 DOI: 10.3390/mi15060748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2024] [Revised: 05/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
For the past two decades, researchers have been exploring the potential benefits of combining shape-memory polymers (SMP) with carbon nanotubes (CNT). By incorporating CNT as reinforcement in SMP, they have aimed to enhance the mechanical properties and improve shape fixity. However, the remarkable intrinsic properties of CNT have also opened up new paths for actuation mechanisms, including electro- and photo-thermal responses. This opens up possibilities for developing soft actuators that could lead to technological advancements in areas such as tissue engineering and soft robotics. SMP/CNT composites offer numerous advantages, including fast actuation, remote control, performance in challenging environments, complex shape deformations, and multifunctionality. This review provides an in-depth overview of the research conducted over the past few years on the production of SMP/CNT composites with both thermoset and thermoplastic matrices, with a focus on the unique contributions of CNT to the nanocomposite's response to external stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Martins da Silva
- Institute for Polymers and Composites, University of Minho, Campus of Azurém, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal; (M.M.d.S.); (J.A.C.)
| | - Mariana Paiva Proença
- ISOM and Departamento de Electrónica Física, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, Ava. Complutense 30, E-28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - José António Covas
- Institute for Polymers and Composites, University of Minho, Campus of Azurém, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal; (M.M.d.S.); (J.A.C.)
| | - Maria C. Paiva
- Institute for Polymers and Composites, University of Minho, Campus of Azurém, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal; (M.M.d.S.); (J.A.C.)
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Sang F, Pan L, Ji Z, Zhang B, Meng Z, Cao L, Zhang J, Li X, Yang X, Shi C. Polydopamine functionalized polyurethane shape memory sponge with controllable expansion performance triggered by near-infrared light for incompressible hemorrhage control. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2023; 232:113590. [PMID: 37862950 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2023.113590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/22/2023]
Abstract
Uncontrolled expansion of shape memory sponges face a significant challenge in the treatment of lethal incompressible hemorrhage, which can lead to blood overflow or damage to the surrounding tissue. Herein, we developed a polydopamine functionalized polyurethane shape memory sponge (PDA-TPI-PU) with a controllable degree of expansion by near-infrared (NIR) light-triggered stimulation for the treatment of incompressible hemorrhage. The sponge has excellent liquid absorption performance and robust mechanical strength as well as good photothermal conversion ability. Under NIR light of 0.32 W/cm2, the maximum recovery rate of the fixed-shape compression sponge was 91% within 25 s in air and 80% within 25 s in blood. In the SD rat liver penetrating injury model, compared with commercial medical gelatin sponge and PVA sponge, the PDA-TPI-PU sponge could effectively control the bleeding under the NIR light irradiation and did not cause excessive compression of the wound. The sponge with these characteristics shows potential application prospects as a hemostatic material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Sang
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China; Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325011, China
| | - Luqi Pan
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325011, China
| | - Zhixiao Ji
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325011, China
| | - Bingxu Zhang
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China; Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325011, China
| | - Zhizhen Meng
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325011, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Lina Cao
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China; Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325011, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai 200051, China
| | - Xujian Li
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325011, China.
| | - Xiao Yang
- Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325011, China.
| | - Changcan Shi
- School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China; Wenzhou Institute, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325011, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China.
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Rajak DK, Wagh PH, Linul E. A Review on Synthetic Fibers for Polymer Matrix Composites: Performance, Failure Modes and Applications. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:4790. [PMID: 35888257 PMCID: PMC9321205 DOI: 10.3390/ma15144790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
In the last decade, synthetic fiber, as a reinforcing specialist, has been mainly used in polymer matrix composites (PMC's) to provide lightweight materials with improved stiffness, modulus, and strength. The significant feature of PMC's is their reinforcement. The main role of the reinforcement is to withstand the load applied to the composite. However, in order to fulfill its purpose, the reinforcements must meet some basic criteria such as: being compatible with the matrix, making chemical or adhesion bonds with the matrix, having properties superior to the matrix, presenting the optimal orientation in composite and, also, having a suitable shape. The current review reveals a detailed study of the current progress of synthetic fibers in a variety of reinforced composites. The main properties, failure modes, and applications of composites based on synthetic fibers are detailed both according to the mentioned criteria and according to their types (organic or inorganic fibers). In addition, the choice of classifications, applications, and properties of synthetic fibers is largely based on their physical and mechanical characteristics, as well as on the synthesis process. Finally, some future research directions and challenges are highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dipen Kumar Rajak
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, G. H. Raisoni Institute of Business Management, Jalgaon 425002, MH, India
| | - Pratiksha H. Wagh
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, G. H. Raisoni Institute of Engineering and Technology, Pune 412207, MH, India;
| | - Emanoil Linul
- Department of Mechanics and Strength of Materials, Politehnica University Timisoara, 300 222 Timisoara, Romania
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Varyan I, Tyubaeva P, Kolesnikova N, Popov A. Biodegradable Polymer Materials Based on Polyethylene and Natural Rubber: Acquiring, Investigation, Properties. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:2457. [PMID: 35746033 PMCID: PMC9230834 DOI: 10.3390/polym14122457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The growing amount of synthetic polymeric materials is a great environmental problem that has to be solved as soon as possible. The main factor aggravating this problem is the abundance of products made from traditional synthetic polymer, such as packaging materials, cases, containers and other equipment with a short period of use, which quickly turns into polymer waste that pollutes the ecosystem for decades. In this paper, we consider the possibility of solving this problem by the development of biodegradable compositions based on polyolefins and elastomers. The addition of a natural component (natural rubber) to the matrix of the synthetic polymeric (polyethylene) leads to the significant changes in structure and properties of the material. Different aspects of mixing semicrystalline and amorphous polymers are discussed in the article. It was shown that addition of 10-50% wt. of the elastomers to the synthetic polymer increases wettability of the material, slightly reduces the mechanical properties, significantly affects the supramolecular structure of the crystalline phase of polyethylene and initiates microbiological degradation. In particular, in this work, the acquisition, structure and properties of biodegradable binary composites based on low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and natural rubber (NR) were studied. It has been shown that such compositions are biodegradable in soil under standard conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivetta Varyan
- Joint Research Center, Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, 36 Stremyanny Lane, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (P.T.); (A.P.)
- Department of Biological and Chemical Physics of Polymers, Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Kosygina Street, 119334 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Polina Tyubaeva
- Joint Research Center, Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, 36 Stremyanny Lane, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (P.T.); (A.P.)
- Department of Biological and Chemical Physics of Polymers, Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Kosygina Street, 119334 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Natalya Kolesnikova
- Department of Biological and Chemical Physics of Polymers, Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Kosygina Street, 119334 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Anatoly Popov
- Joint Research Center, Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, 36 Stremyanny Lane, 117997 Moscow, Russia; (P.T.); (A.P.)
- Department of Biological and Chemical Physics of Polymers, Emanuel Institute of Biochemical Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 4 Kosygina Street, 119334 Moscow, Russia;
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Shape memory function of trans-1,4-polyisoprene prepared by radiation crosslinking with a supercritical CO2 foaming. Radiat Phys Chem Oxf Engl 1993 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radphyschem.2021.109707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Wang Z, Teng J, Sun X, Min B. Development of novel TPI/HDPE/CNTs ternary hybrid shape memory nanocomposites. NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 32:405706. [PMID: 34192678 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ac1018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In order to make up for the defects of trans-1,4-polyisoprene (TPI) shape memory polymer, TPI/high density polyethylene (HDPE) hybrid shape memory matrix was prepared from the perspective of matrix composition. The carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with excellent mechanical properties were introduced into the hybrid shape memory matrix. Due to the difference of the inherent properties and geometry of nano-fillers, the change of the content of nano-fillers directly affects the bonding state within the composites. Therefore, it is very important to choose the appropriate content. In order to give full play to the potential of thermodynamics of nano-filler, the TPI/HDPE/CNTs ternary hybrid shape memory nanocomposites were prepared by mechanical melt blending technology combined with dynamic vulcanization and hot-pressing forming technology. The addition of CNTs promotes the formation of the crystal structure of TPI and HDPE, and facilitates the energy transfer between different interface, which greatly improves the thermal conductivity and mechanical properties of the nanocomposites at the same time. The effect of the changes of filler content on the thermodynamic properties of the composite materials were revealed by series of tests. The results show that the CNTs act as nucleating agents in the crystallization region of TPI and HDPE. However, the excessive addition of CNTs can inhibit the formation of HDPE crystal structure. Meanwhile, the crystallinity of nanocomposites is also an important factor affecting its thermal conductivity. The specimens with the CNTs content of 0.5 wt% have excellent tensile resistance and cyclic recovery ability, and it can improve the shape recovery properties. Therefore, the nanocomposite with the CNTs content of 0.5 wt% has the best thermodynamic and shape memory properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenqing Wang
- College of Aerospace and Civil Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianxin Teng
- College of Aerospace and Civil Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoyu Sun
- College of Aerospace and Civil Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Benzhi Min
- College of Aerospace and Civil Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, People's Republic of China
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Wang Y, Pei X, Xia L, Zhang Z, Wang Q, Wang T. Bio‐based
Eucommia ulmoides
gum/low density polyethylene shape memory composites reinforced by zinc methacrylate. POLYM INT 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pi.6262] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou P.R. China
| | - Xianqiang Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou P.R. China
- Qingdao Center of Resource Chemistry and New Materials Qingdao Center of Resource Chemistry and New Materials Jinshui Road, 36# Qingdao P.R. China
| | - Lin Xia
- Key Laboratory of Rubber‐Plastics, Ministry of Education/Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Rubber‐Plastics, School of Polymer Science and Engineering Qingdao University of Science and Technology Qingdao P.R. China
| | - Zhancheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou P.R. China
| | - Qihua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou P.R. China
| | - Tingmei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Solid Lubrication, Lanzhou Institute of Chemical Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou P.R. China
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Teng J, Wang Z, Liu J, Sun X. Effect of dynamic vulcanization system on the thermodynamics and shape memory properties of TPI/HDPE hybrid shape memory polymers. Eur Polym J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2020.109707] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Tian M, Gao W, Hu J, Xu X, Ning N, Yu B, Zhang L. Multidirectional Triple-Shape-Memory Polymer by Tunable Cross-linking and Crystallization. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:6426-6435. [PMID: 31940167 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b19448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Medical fixing is one of the very important applications of the shape-memory polymer material, and the two important properties of the medical fixing material are that it perfectly fits the body during the fixing and easily detaches after being used. As the fixing and detachment are triggered by two independent stimuli in two opposite directions, it is necessary to develop multidirectional triple-shape-memory polymers. In this research, a series of polymer materials composed of trans-polyisoprene (TPI) and paraffin were prepared by melt blending and compression molding, and then the TPI was cross-linked by vulcanization. As a result of the large difference in the melting temperature and crystallization temperature between TPI and paraffin, the obtained polymer materials exhibit a triple-shape-memory behavior. According to the analysis of crystal behavior, microscopic morphology, and mechanical properties of the materials with different paraffin contents and TPI cross-linking density by differential scanning calorimetry, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and dynamic mechanical thermal analysis, the shape-memory behavior of the obtained materials was tunable by the cross-linking density of TPI and the crystallization degree of TPI or paraffin. Compared with the traditional triple-shape-memory material, our samples are prepared in a more facile way and can recover at human body temperature (37 °C). Moreover, our TPI/paraffin material can realize more flexible multidirectional recovery, as well as can be reprogramed and used multiple times. To the best of our knowledge, there are few polymer materials reported, which can realize multidirectional recovery. These unique multidirectional and reprogramable properties will enable the application of this polymer material, especially in the medical fixing materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029 , China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029 , China
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers, Ministry of Education , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029 , China
| | - Weisheng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029 , China
| | - Jing Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029 , China
| | - Xiaowei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029 , China
| | - Nanying Ning
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029 , China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029 , China
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers, Ministry of Education , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029 , China
| | - Bing Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029 , China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029 , China
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers, Ministry of Education , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029 , China
| | - Liqun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029 , China
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029 , China
- Key Laboratory of Carbon Fiber and Functional Polymers, Ministry of Education , Beijing University of Chemical Technology , Beijing 100029 , China
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