1
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Behr JM, Wong YS, Venkatraman S. Small-Diameter Blood Vessel Substitutes: Biomimetic Approaches to Improve Patency. Biomimetics (Basel) 2024; 9:97. [PMID: 38392143 PMCID: PMC10886630 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics9020097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 12/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Small-dimeter blood vessels (<6 mm) are required in coronary bypass and peripheral bypass surgery to circumvent blocked arteries. However, they have poor patency rates due to thrombus formation, intimal hyperplasia at the distal anastomosis, and compliance mismatch between the native artery and the graft. This review covers the state-of-the-art technologies for improving graft patency with a focus on reducing compliance mismatch between the prosthesis and the native artery. The focus of this article is on biomimetic design strategies to match the compliance over a wide pressure range.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Marc Behr
- SMD Swiss Medical Devices AG, 8222 Beringen, Switzerland
| | - Yee Shan Wong
- Biomedical Engineering, School of Engineering, Temasek Polytechnic, Singapore 529757, Singapore
| | - Subbu Venkatraman
- Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117575, Singapore
- iHealthTech, National University of Singapore, Singapore 117599, Singapore
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2
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González Z, Ferrandez-Montero A, Domínguez-Robles J. Recent Advances in Polymers as Matrices for Drug Delivery Applications. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:1674. [PMID: 38139801 PMCID: PMC10747709 DOI: 10.3390/ph16121674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Polymeric-based drug delivery systems have become versatile and valuable candidates in sectors such as pharmaceuticals, health, medicine, etc [...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoilo González
- BioPrEn Group (RNM940), Chemical Engineering Department, Instituto Químico para la Energía y el Medioambiente (IQUEMA), Faculty of Science, Universidad de Córdoba (UCO), 14014 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Ana Ferrandez-Montero
- Instituto de Cerámica y Vidrio, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Campus de Cantoblanco, c/Kelsen 5, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan Domínguez-Robles
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad de Sevilla, 41012 Seville, Spain
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3
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Zhou SY, Li L, Xie E, Li MX, Cao JH, Yang XB, Wu DY. Small-diameter PCL/PU vascular graft modified with heparin-aspirin compound for preventing the occurrence of acute thrombosis. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 249:126058. [PMID: 37524284 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence of acute thrombosis, directly related to platelet aggregation and coagulant system, is a considerable reason for the failure of small-diameter vascular grafts. Heparin is commonly used as a functional molecule for graft modification due to the strong anticoagulant effect. Unfortunately, heparin cannot directly resist the adhesion and aggregation of platelets. Therefore, we have prepared a heparin-aspirin compound by coupling heparin with aspirin, an antiplatelet drug, and covalently grafted it onto the surface of polycaprolactone/polyurethane composite tube. In this way, the graft not only showed a dual function of both anticoagulation and antiplatelet, but also effectively avoided the rapid drug release and excessive toxicity to other organs caused by simple blending the medicine with material matrix. The compound retained the original function of heparin, showing good hydrophilicity and biocompatibility, which could promote the adhesion and proliferation of endothelial cells (ECs) and facilitate the process of tissue regeneration. What's more, the compound showed more effective than heparin in reducing platelet activation and preventing thrombosis. The graft modified by this compound maintained completely unobstructed for one month of implantation, while severe obstruction or stenosis occurred in PCL/PU and PCL/PU-Hep lumen at the first week, verifying the effect of the compound on preventing acute thrombosis. In general, this study proposed a designing method for small-diameter vascular graft which could prevent acute thrombosis and promote intimal construction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Yuan Zhou
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Lei Li
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China; CAS Key Laboratory of Cryogenics, Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China.
| | - Enzehua Xie
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037, PR China
| | - Mei-Xi Li
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Jian-Hua Cao
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China
| | - Xiu-Bin Yang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Institute of Heart, Lung and Blood Vessel Diseases, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, PR China.
| | - Da-Yong Wu
- Technical Institute of Physics and Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China.
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4
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Li MX, Wei QQ, Mo HL, Ren Y, Zhang W, Lu HJ, Joung YK. Challenges and advances in materials and fabrication technologies of small-diameter vascular grafts. Biomater Res 2023; 27:58. [PMID: 37291675 PMCID: PMC10251629 DOI: 10.1186/s40824-023-00399-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The arterial occlusive disease is one of the leading causes of cardiovascular diseases, often requiring revascularization. Lack of suitable small-diameter vascular grafts (SDVGs), infection, thrombosis, and intimal hyperplasia associated with synthetic vascular grafts lead to a low success rate of SDVGs (< 6 mm) transplantation in the clinical treatment of cardiovascular diseases. The development of fabrication technology along with vascular tissue engineering and regenerative medicine technology allows biological tissue-engineered vascular grafts to become living grafts, which can integrate, remodel, and repair the host vessels as well as respond to the surrounding mechanical and biochemical stimuli. Hence, they potentially alleviate the shortage of existing vascular grafts. This paper evaluates the current advanced fabrication technologies for SDVGs, including electrospinning, molding, 3D printing, decellularization, and so on. Various characteristics of synthetic polymers and surface modification methods are also introduced. In addition, it also provides interdisciplinary insights into the future of small-diameter prostheses and discusses vital factors and perspectives for developing such prostheses in clinical applications. We propose that the performance of SDVGs can be improved by integrating various technologies in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei-Xian Li
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Technical Fiber Composites for Safety and Protection, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China
- School of Textile and Clothing, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China
- Center for Biomaterials, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea
| | - Qian-Qi Wei
- Department of Infectious Diseases, General Hospital of Tibet Military Command, Xizang, China
| | - Hui-Lin Mo
- School of Textile and Clothing, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China
| | - Yu Ren
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Technical Fiber Composites for Safety and Protection, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China
- School of Textile and Clothing, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- National and Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Technical Fiber Composites for Safety and Protection, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China.
- School of Textile and Clothing, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China.
| | - Huan-Jun Lu
- Institute of Special Environmental Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, 226019, China.
| | - Yoon Ki Joung
- Center for Biomaterials, Biomedical Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, 02792, Republic of Korea.
- Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology (UST), 217 Gajeong-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34113, Republic of Korea.
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5
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Ding X, Zhang W, Xu P, Feng W, Tang X, Yang X, Wang L, Li L, Huang Y, Ji J, Chen D, Liu H, Fan Y. The Regulatory Effect of Braided Silk Fiber Skeletons with Differential Porosities on In Vivo Vascular Tissue Regeneration and Long-Term Patency. RESEARCH (WASHINGTON, D.C.) 2022; 2022:9825237. [PMID: 36474603 PMCID: PMC9703915 DOI: 10.34133/2022/9825237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
The development of small-diameter vascular grafts that can meet the long-term patency required for implementation in clinical practice presents a key challenge to the research field. Although techniques such as the braiding of scaffolds can offer a tunable platform for fabricating vascular grafts, the effects of braided silk fiber skeletons on the porosity, remodeling, and patency in vivo have not been thoroughly investigated. Here, we used finite element analysis of simulated deformation and compliance to design vascular grafts comprised of braided silk fiber skeletons with three different degrees of porosity. Following the synthesis of low-, medium-, and high-porosity silk fiber skeletons, we coated them with hemocompatible sulfated silk fibroin sponges and then evaluated the mechanical and biological functions of the resultant silk tubes with different porosities. Our data showed that high-porosity grafts exhibited higher elastic moduli and compliance but lower suture retention strength, which contrasted with low-porosity grafts. Medium-porosity grafts offered a favorable balance of mechanical properties. Short-term in vivo implantation in rats indicated that porosity served as an effective means to regulate blood leakage, cell infiltration, and neointima formation. High-porosity grafts were susceptible to blood leakage, while low-porosity grafts hindered graft cellularization and tended to induce intimal hyperplasia. Medium-porosity grafts closely mimicked the biomechanical behaviors of native blood vessels and facilitated vascular smooth muscle layer regeneration and polarization of infiltrated macrophages to the M2 phenotype. Due to their superior performance and lack of occlusion, the medium-porosity vascular grafts were evaluated in long-term (24-months) in vivo implantation. The medium-porosity grafts regenerated the vascular smooth muscle cell layers and collagen extracellular matrix, which were circumferentially aligned and resembled the native artery. Furthermore, the formed neoarteries pulsed synchronously with the adjacent native artery and demonstrated contractile function. Overall, our study underscores the importance of braided silk fiber skeleton porosity on long-term vascular graft performance and will help to guide the design of next-generation vascular grafts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xili Ding
- School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomechanics and Mechanobiology (Beihang University), Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Weirong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Biomechanics and Mechanobiology (Beihang University), Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Peng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Biomechanics and Mechanobiology (Beihang University), Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Wentao Feng
- Key Laboratory of Biomechanics and Mechanobiology (Beihang University), Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xiaokai Tang
- Key Laboratory of Biomechanics and Mechanobiology (Beihang University), Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xianda Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biomechanics and Mechanobiology (Beihang University), Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Lizhen Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biomechanics and Mechanobiology (Beihang University), Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Linhao Li
- Key Laboratory of Biomechanics and Mechanobiology (Beihang University), Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yan Huang
- Key Laboratory of Biomechanics and Mechanobiology (Beihang University), Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Jing Ji
- Key Laboratory of Biomechanics and Mechanobiology (Beihang University), Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Diansheng Chen
- eRobot Institute, School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Haifeng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biomechanics and Mechanobiology (Beihang University), Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yubo Fan
- School of Engineering Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China
- Key Laboratory of Biomechanics and Mechanobiology (Beihang University), Ministry of Education, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100083, China
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6
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Pei M, Zhu D, Yang J, Yang K, Yang H, Gu S, Li W, Xu W, Xiao P, Zhou Y. Multi-crosslinked Flexible Nanocomposite Hydrogel Fibers with Excellent Strength and Knittability. Eur Polym J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2022.111737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
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7
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Zizhou R, Wang X, Houshyar S. Review of Polymeric Biomimetic Small-Diameter Vascular Grafts to Tackle Intimal Hyperplasia. ACS OMEGA 2022; 7:22125-22148. [PMID: 35811906 PMCID: PMC9260943 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c01740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Small-diameter artificial vascular grafts (SDAVG) are used to bypass blood flow in arterial occlusive diseases such as coronary heart or peripheral arterial disease. However, SDAVGs are plagued by restenosis after a short while due to thrombosis and the thickening of the neointimal wall known as intimal hyperplasia (IH). The specific causes of IH have not yet been deduced; however, thrombosis formation due to bioincompatibility as well as a mismatch between the biomechanical properties of the SDAVG and the native artery has been attributed to its initiation. The main challenges that have been faced in fabricating SDAVGs are facilitating rapid re-endothelialization of the luminal surface of the SDAVG and replicating the complex viscoelastic behavior of the arteries. Recent strategies to combat IH formation have been mostly based on imitating the natural structure and function of the native artery (biomimicry). Thus, most recently, developed grafts contain a multilayered structure with a designated function for each layer. This paper reviews the current polymeric, biomimetic SDAVGs in preventing the formation of IH. The materials used in fabrication, challenges, and strategies employed to tackle IH are summarized and discussed, and we focus on the multilayered structure of current SDAVGs. Additionally, the future aspects in this area are pointed out for researchers to consider in their endeavor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rumbidzai Zizhou
- Center
for Materials Innovation and Future Fashion (CMIFF), School of Fashion
and Textiles, RMIT University, Brunswick 3056, Australia
| | - Xin Wang
- Center
for Materials Innovation and Future Fashion (CMIFF), School of Fashion
and Textiles, RMIT University, Brunswick 3056, Australia
| | - Shadi Houshyar
- School
of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne 3000, Australia
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8
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Domínguez-Robles J, Shen T, Cornelius VA, Corduas F, Mancuso E, Donnelly RF, Margariti A, Lamprou DA, Larrañeta E. Development of drug loaded cardiovascular prosthesis for thrombosis prevention using 3D printing. MATERIALS SCIENCE & ENGINEERING. C, MATERIALS FOR BIOLOGICAL APPLICATIONS 2021; 129:112375. [PMID: 34579894 PMCID: PMC8505756 DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2021.112375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2021] [Revised: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a general term for conditions which are the leading cause of death in the world. Quick restoration of tissue perfusion is a key factor to combat these diseases and improve the quality and duration of patients' life. Revascularization techniques include angioplasty, placement of a stent, or surgical bypass grafting. For the latter technique, autologous vessels remain the best clinical option; however, many patients lack suitable autogenous due to previous operations and they are often unsuitable. Therefore, synthetic vascular grafts providing antithrombosis, neointimal hyperplasia inhibition and fast endothelialization are still needed. To address these limitations, 3D printed dipyridamole (DIP) loaded biodegradable vascular grafts were developed. Polycaprolactone (PCL) and DIP were successfully mixed without solvents and then vascular grafts were 3D printed. A mixture of high and low molecular weight PCL was used to better ensure the integration of DIP, which would offer the biological functions required above. Moreover, 3D printing technology provides the ability to fabricate structures of precise geometries from a 3D model, enabling to customize the vascular grafts' shape or size. The produced vascular grafts were fully characterized through multiple techniques and the last step was to evaluate their drug release, antiplatelet effect and cytocompatibility. The results suggested that DIP was properly mixed and integrated within the PCL matrix. Moreover, these materials can provide a sustained and linear drug release without any obvious burst release, or any faster initial release rates for 30 days. Compared to PCL alone, a clear reduced platelet deposition in all the DIP-loaded vascular grafts was evidenced. The hemolysis percentage of both materials PCL alone and PCL containing 20% DIP were lower than 4%. Moreover, PCL and 20% DIP loaded grafts were able to provide a supportive environment for cellular attachment, viability, and growth.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Domínguez-Robles
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Lisburn Road 97, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Tingjun Shen
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Lisburn Road 97, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Victoria A Cornelius
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Francesca Corduas
- Nanotechnology and Integrated Bio-Engineering Centre (NIBEC), Ulster University, Jordanstown Campus, Newtownabbey BT37 0QB, UK
| | - Elena Mancuso
- Nanotechnology and Integrated Bio-Engineering Centre (NIBEC), Ulster University, Jordanstown Campus, Newtownabbey BT37 0QB, UK
| | - Ryan F Donnelly
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Lisburn Road 97, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Andriana Margariti
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Dimitrios A Lamprou
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Lisburn Road 97, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Eneko Larrañeta
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Lisburn Road 97, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK.
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9
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Suflet DM, Popescu I, Pelin IM, Ichim DL, Daraba OM, Constantin M, Fundueanu G. Dual Cross-Linked Chitosan/PVA Hydrogels Containing Silver Nanoparticles with Antimicrobial Properties. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:1461. [PMID: 34575536 PMCID: PMC8465188 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13091461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Stable chitosan/PVA-based hydrogels were obtained by combining covalent and physical cross-linking methods. As covalent cross-linkers, epoxy agents with different chain lengths were used, while freeze-thaw cycles were applied for additional physical cross-linking. The chemical structure of the hydrogel was examined by FTIR spectroscopy whereas the morphology was analyzed by SEM, showing well-defined pores with dimensions of around 50 μm in diameter. It was proved that gel fraction and the network morphology were deeply influenced by the synthesis conditions. Chitosan/PVA hydrogel showed a relative high swelling rate, reaching equilibrium in the first hour. The values obtained for the elastic modulus were relatively low (3-30 kPa); as a result, these hydrogels are soft and very flexible, and are ideal candidates for medical applications as wound or oral dressings. In addition, the natural antimicrobial activity of chitosan was enhanced by in situ generation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) under UV irradiation. The total amount of Ag from hydrogel was determined by elemental analyses and its crystalline state was confirmed by XRD. The CS/PVA hydrogels entrapped with AgNPs exhibited high inhibitory activity against S. aureus and K. pneumonia. The vitality tests confirmed the lack of cytotoxicity of CS/PVA hydrogels without and with AgNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dana M. Suflet
- Petru Poni Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Aleea Grigore Ghica Voda 41A, 700487 Iasi, Romania; (I.P.); (I.M.P.); (G.F.)
| | - Irina Popescu
- Petru Poni Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Aleea Grigore Ghica Voda 41A, 700487 Iasi, Romania; (I.P.); (I.M.P.); (G.F.)
| | - Irina M. Pelin
- Petru Poni Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Aleea Grigore Ghica Voda 41A, 700487 Iasi, Romania; (I.P.); (I.M.P.); (G.F.)
| | - Daniela L. Ichim
- Faculty of Medical Dentistry, “Apollonia” University of Iasi, 2 Muzicii Str., 700511 Iasi, Romania; (D.L.I.); (O.M.D.)
| | - Oana M. Daraba
- Faculty of Medical Dentistry, “Apollonia” University of Iasi, 2 Muzicii Str., 700511 Iasi, Romania; (D.L.I.); (O.M.D.)
| | - Marieta Constantin
- Petru Poni Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Aleea Grigore Ghica Voda 41A, 700487 Iasi, Romania; (I.P.); (I.M.P.); (G.F.)
| | - Gheorghe Fundueanu
- Petru Poni Institute of Macromolecular Chemistry, Aleea Grigore Ghica Voda 41A, 700487 Iasi, Romania; (I.P.); (I.M.P.); (G.F.)
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10
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Domínguez-Robles J, Diaz-Gomez L, Utomo E, Shen T, Picco CJ, Alvarez-Lorenzo C, Concheiro A, Donnelly RF, Larrañeta E. Use of 3D Printing for the Development of Biodegradable Antiplatelet Materials for Cardiovascular Applications. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:921. [PMID: 34577621 PMCID: PMC8466262 DOI: 10.3390/ph14090921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Small-diameter synthetic vascular grafts are required for surgical bypass grafting when there is a lack of suitable autologous vessels due to different reasons, such as previous operations. Thrombosis is the main cause of failure of small-diameter synthetic vascular grafts when used for this revascularization technique. Therefore, the development of biodegradable vascular grafts capable of providing a localized and sustained antithrombotic drug release mark a major step forward in the fight against cardiovascular diseases, which are the leading cause of death globally. The present paper describes the use of an extrusion-based 3D printing technology for the production of biodegradable antiplatelet tubular grafts for cardiovascular applications. For this purpose, acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) was chosen as a model molecule due to its antiplatelet activity. Poly(caprolactone) and ASA were combined for the fabrication and characterization of ASA-loaded tubular grafts. Moreover, rifampicin (RIF) was added to the formulation containing the higher ASA loading, as a model molecule that can be used to prevent vascular prosthesis infections. The produced tubular grafts were fully characterized through multiple techniques and the last step was to evaluate their drug release, antiplatelet and antimicrobial activity and cytocompatibility. The results suggested that these materials were capable of providing a sustained ASA release for periods of up to 2 weeks. Tubular grafts containing 10% (w/w) of ASA showed lower platelet adhesion onto the surface than the blank and grafts containing 5% (w/w) of ASA. Moreover, tubular grafts scaffolds containing 1% (w/w) of RIF were capable of inhibiting the growth of Staphylococcus aureus. Finally, the evaluation of the cytocompatibility of the scaffold samples revealed that the incorporation of ASA or RIF into the composition did not compromise cell viability and proliferation at short incubation periods (24 h).
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Domínguez-Robles
- School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK; (J.D.-R.); (E.U.); (T.S.); (C.J.P.); (R.F.D.)
| | - Luis Diaz-Gomez
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, I+D Farma (GI-1645), Facultad de Farmacia, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (L.D.-G.); (C.A.-L.); (A.C.)
| | - Emilia Utomo
- School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK; (J.D.-R.); (E.U.); (T.S.); (C.J.P.); (R.F.D.)
| | - Tingjun Shen
- School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK; (J.D.-R.); (E.U.); (T.S.); (C.J.P.); (R.F.D.)
| | - Camila J. Picco
- School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK; (J.D.-R.); (E.U.); (T.S.); (C.J.P.); (R.F.D.)
| | - Carmen Alvarez-Lorenzo
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, I+D Farma (GI-1645), Facultad de Farmacia, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (L.D.-G.); (C.A.-L.); (A.C.)
| | - Angel Concheiro
- Departamento de Farmacología, Farmacia y Tecnología Farmacéutica, I+D Farma (GI-1645), Facultad de Farmacia, Health Research Institute of Santiago de Compostela (IDIS), Universidad de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain; (L.D.-G.); (C.A.-L.); (A.C.)
| | - Ryan F. Donnelly
- School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK; (J.D.-R.); (E.U.); (T.S.); (C.J.P.); (R.F.D.)
| | - Eneko Larrañeta
- School of Pharmacy, Queen’s University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK; (J.D.-R.); (E.U.); (T.S.); (C.J.P.); (R.F.D.)
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11
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Veerubhotla K, Lee Y, Lee CH. Parametric Optimization of 3D Printed Hydrogel-Based Cardiovascular Stent. Pharm Res 2021; 38:885-900. [PMID: 33970399 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-021-03049-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to develop personalized biodegradable stent (BDS) for the treatment of coronary heart disease. Three-dimensional (3D) printing technique has offered easy and fast fabrication of BDS with enhanced reproducibility and efficacy. METHODS A variety of BDS were printed with 3 types of hydrogel (~5 ml) resources (10%w/v sodium alginate (SA), 10%w/v cysteine-sodium alginate (SA-CYS), and 10%w/v cysteine-sodium alginate with 0.4%w/v PLA-nanofibers (SA-CYS-NF)) dispersed from an 22G print head nozzle attached to the BD-syringe. The printability of hydrogels into 3D structures was examined based on such variables as hydrogel's viscosity, printing distance, printing speed and the nozzle size. RESULTS It was demonstrated that alginate composition (10%w/v) offered BDS with sufficient viscosity that defined the thickness and swelling ratio of the stent struts. The thickness of the strut was found to be 338.7 ± 29.3 μm, 262.5 ± 14.7 μm and 237.1 ± 14.7 μm for stents made of SA, SA-CYS and SA-CYS-NF, respectively. SA-CYS-NF stent displayed the highest swelling ratio of 38.8 ± 2.9% at the initial 30 min, whereas stents made of SA and SA-CYS had 23.1 ± 2.4% and 22.0 ± 2.4%, respectively. CONCLUSION The printed stents had sufficient mechanical strength and were stable against pseudo-physiological wall shear stress. An addition of nanofibers to alginate hydrogel significantly enhanced the biodegradation rates of the stents. In vitro cell culture studies revealed that stents had no cytotoxic effects on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and Raw 264.7 cells (i.e., Monocyte/macrophage-like cells), supporting that stents are biocompatible and can be explored for future clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krishna Veerubhotla
- Division of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutics Sciences, University of Missouri-Kansas City, 2464 Charlotte Street, HSB-4242, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA
| | - Yugyung Lee
- School of Computing and Engineering, University of Missouri-Kansas City, Kansas City, MO, 64110, USA
| | - Chi H Lee
- Division of Pharmacology and Pharmaceutics Sciences, University of Missouri-Kansas City, 2464 Charlotte Street, HSB-4242, Kansas City, MO, 64108, USA.
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Martin NK, Domínguez-Robles J, Stewart SA, Cornelius VA, Anjani QK, Utomo E, García-Romero I, Donnelly RF, Margariti A, Lamprou DA, Larrañeta E. Fused deposition modelling for the development of drug loaded cardiovascular prosthesis. Int J Pharm 2021; 595:120243. [PMID: 33484923 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2021.120243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases constitute a number of conditions which are the leading cause of death globally. To combat these diseases and improve the quality and duration of life, several cardiac implants have been developed, including stents, vascular grafts and valvular prostheses. The implantation of these vascular prosthesis has associated risks such as infection or blood clot formation. In order to overcome these limitations medicated vascular prosthesis have been previously used. The present paper describes a 3D printing method to develop medicated vascular prosthesis using fused deposition modelling (FDM) technology. For this purpose, rifampicin (RIF) was selected as a model molecule as it can be used to prevent vascular graft prosthesis infection. Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) and RIF were combined using hot melt extrusion (HME) to obtain filaments containing RIF concentrations ranging between 0 and 1% (w/w). These materials are capable of providing RIF release for periods ranging between 30 and 80 days. Moreover, TPU-based materials containing RIF were capable of inhibiting the growth of Staphylococcus aureus. This behaviour was observed even for TPU-based materials containing RIF concentrations of 0.1% (w/w). TPU containing 1% (w/w) of RIF showed antimicrobial properties even after 30 days of RIF release. Alternatively, these methods were used to prepare dipyridamole containing TPU filaments. Finally, using a dual extrusion 3D printer vascular grafts containing both drugs were prepared.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niamh K Martin
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Lisburn Road 97, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Juan Domínguez-Robles
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Lisburn Road 97, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Sarah A Stewart
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Lisburn Road 97, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Victoria A Cornelius
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Qonita Kurnia Anjani
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Lisburn Road 97, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Emilia Utomo
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Lisburn Road 97, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Inmaculada García-Romero
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Ryan F Donnelly
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Lisburn Road 97, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Andriana Margariti
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Dimitrios A Lamprou
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Lisburn Road 97, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK.
| | - Eneko Larrañeta
- School of Pharmacy, Queen's University Belfast, Lisburn Road 97, Belfast BT9 7BL, UK.
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13
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Zhang X, Yang X, Dai Q, Zhang Y, Pan H, Yu C, Feng Q, Zhu S, Dong H, Cao X. Tough thermoplastic hydrogels with re-processability and recyclability for strain sensors. J Mater Chem B 2020; 9:176-186. [PMID: 33237117 DOI: 10.1039/d0tb02049d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Tough hydrogels with the ability to be repeatedly processed into various shapes as thermoplastics are highly desired in advanced medical devices and tissue engineering. Here, we have developed a kind of versatile supramolecular hydrogel with a network cross-linked by double hydrogen bonds from poly(N-acryloyl glycinamide) (PNAGA). The resulting PNAGA-30 hydrogels (30 wt% solid content) are tough, re-processable, and recyclable similar to thermoplastics. The hydrogels in the form of fragments can be easily re-processed into various shapes including sheet, filament, cylinder and other complex shapes by using simple stamping and injection methods. The mechanical properties of the re-programed hydrogels are comparable to the properties of the original hydrogels. The re-processability and robust mechanical properties of the PNAGA hydrogels are promising for practical applications in soft materials, tissue engineering and wearable devices. Furthermore, the PNAGA-30&LiCl ionic hydrogels can be fabricated by simply compositing LiCl into thermoplastic hydrogels. The PNAGA-30&LiCl hydrogels can function as multifunctional strain sensors to monitor large human movements and tiny vibrations, thereby showing great application potential in robotics, biomedical prosthetics, personal healthcare monitoring and so on.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohua Zhang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, P. R. China.
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Shie MY, Lee JJ, Ho CC, Yen SY, Ng HY, Chen YW. Effects of Gelatin Methacrylate Bio-ink Concentration on Mechano-Physical Properties and Human Dermal Fibroblast Behavior. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1930. [PMID: 32859028 PMCID: PMC7565187 DOI: 10.3390/polym12091930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Gelatin-methacryloyl (GelMa) is a very versatile biomaterial widely used in various biomedical applications. The addition of methacryloyl makes it possible to have hydrogels with varying mechanical properties due to its photocuring characteristics. In addition, gelatin is obtained and derived from natural material; thus, it retains various cell-friendly motifs, such as arginine-glycine-aspartic acid, which then provides implanted cells with a friendly environment for proliferation and differentiation. In this study, we fabricated human dermal fibroblast cell (hDF)-laden photocurable GelMa hydrogels with varying physical properties (5%, 10%, and 15%) and assessed them for cellular responses and behavior, including cell spreading, proliferation, and the degree of extracellular matrix remodeling. Under similar photocuring conditions, lower concentrations of GelMa hydrogels had lower mechanical properties than higher concentrations. Furthermore, other properties, such as swelling and degradation, were compared in this study. In addition, our findings revealed that there were increased remodeling and proliferation markers in the 5% GelMa group, which had lower mechanical properties. However, it was important to note that cellular viabilities were not affected by the stiffness of the hydrogels. With this result in mind, we attempted to fabricate 5-15% GelMa scaffolds (20 × 20 × 3 mm3) to assess their feasibility for use in skin regeneration applications. The results showed that both 10% and 15% GelMa scaffolds could be fabricated easily at room temperature by adjusting several parameters, such as printing speed and extrusion pressure. However, since the sol-gel temperature of 5% GelMa was noted to be lower than its counterparts, 5% GelMa scaffolds had to be printed at low temperatures. In conclusion, GelMa once again was shown to be an ideal biomaterial for various tissue engineering applications due to its versatile mechanical and biological properties. This study showed the feasibility of GelMa in skin tissue engineering and its potential as an alternative for skin transplants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-You Shie
- School of Dentistry, China Medical University, Taichung City 40447, Taiwan;
- Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung City 41354, Taiwan;
| | - Jian-Jr Lee
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung City 40447, Taiwan; (J.-J.L.); (H.Y.N.)
- Department of Plastic and Reconstruction Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City 40447, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Che Ho
- Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung City 41354, Taiwan;
- 3D Printing Medical Research Institute, Asia University, Taichung City 41354, Taiwan
| | - Ssu-Yin Yen
- x-Dimension Center for Medical Research and Translation, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City 40447, Taiwan;
| | - Hooi Yee Ng
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung City 40447, Taiwan; (J.-J.L.); (H.Y.N.)
- x-Dimension Center for Medical Research and Translation, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City 40447, Taiwan;
| | - Yi-Wen Chen
- x-Dimension Center for Medical Research and Translation, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City 40447, Taiwan;
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung City 40447, Taiwan
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Du B, Stadler FJ. Functional Polymer Solutions and Gels-Physics and Novel Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:polym12030676. [PMID: 32197461 PMCID: PMC7182927 DOI: 10.3390/polym12030676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Revised: 03/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent years have seen significant improvements in the understanding of functional soft matter [...].
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Chiu YC, Shen YF, Lee AKX, Lin SH, Wu YC, Chen YW. 3D Printing of Amino Resin-based Photosensitive Materials on Multi-parameter Optimization Design for Vascular Engineering Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E1394. [PMID: 31450605 PMCID: PMC6780824 DOI: 10.3390/polym11091394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2019] [Revised: 08/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases are currently the most common cause of death globally and of which, the golden treatment method for severe cardiovascular diseases or coronary artery diseases are implantations of synthetic vascular grafts. However, such grafts often come with rejections and hypersensitivity reactions. With the emergence of regenerative medicine, researchers are now trying to explore alternative ways to produce grafts that are less likely to induce immunological reactions in patients. The main goal of such studies is to produce biocompatible artificial vascular grafts with the capability of allowing cellular adhesion and cellular proliferation for tissues regeneration. The Design of Experimental concepts is employed into the manufacturing process of digital light processing (DLP) 3D printing technology to explore near-optimal processing parameters to produce artificial vascular grafts with vascular characteristics that are close to native vessels by assessing for the cause and effect relationships between different ratios of amino resin (AR), 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA), dopamine, and curing durations. We found that with proper optimization of fabrication procedures and ratios of materials, we are able to successfully fabricate vascular grafts with good printing resolutions. These had similar physical properties to native vessels and were able to support cellular adhesion and proliferation. This study could support future studies in exploring near-optimal processes for fabrication of artificial vascular grafts that could be adapted into clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Cheng Chiu
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Fang Shen
- Department of Bioinformatics and Medical Engineering, Asia University, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
- 3D Printing Medical Research Institute, Asia University, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
| | - Alvin Kai-Xing Lee
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
- 3D Printing Medical Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Hsien Lin
- 3D Printing Medical Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Chen Wu
- 3D Printing Medical Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Wen Chen
- 3D Printing Medical Research Center, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 40447, Taiwan.
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 40447, Taiwan.
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