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Nayak R, Halder J, Rajwar TK, Pradhan D, Rai VK, Dubey D, Kar B, Ghosh G, Rath G. Metronidazole loaded chitosan-phytic acid polyelectrolyte complex nanoparticles as mucoadhesive vaginal delivery system for bacterial vaginosis. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 255:128212. [PMID: 37989434 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.128212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 11/23/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a recurring infection that is difficult to treat due to the limited bioavailability of antimicrobials. In this study, Metronidazole (MTZ)-loaded chitosan nanoparticles (MCSNP) were synthesized employing phytic acid (PA) as a crosslinking agent for treating bacterial vaginosis. The prepared MCSNPs were characterized for size, shape, surface charge, compatibility, cytotoxicity, biofilm inhibition, and in-vitro/in-vivo antimicrobial activities. Morphological examination revealed that nanoparticles generated from 0.535 % w/v chitosan and 0.112 % w/v PA were non-spherical, discontinuous, and irregular, with zeta potential ranging from 25.00 ± 0.45 to 39 ± 0.7. The results of DSC and XRD demonstrated no change in the physical state of the drug in the finished formulation. The optimized formulation demonstrates a cumulative drug release of about 98 ± 1.5 % within 8 h. Antimicrobial studies demonstrated that the optimized formulation had enhanced efficacy against acid-adapted BV pathogens, with a MIC value of 0.9 ± 0.1 μg/mL. Compared to the MTZ alone, the in-vivo antibacterial results of in the case of developed nanoparticles showed a four-fold reduction in bacterial count in female Swiss albino mice. Based on the experimental findings, it was concluded that MCSNPs, due to their excellent physiochemical and antibacterial properties, could serve as a potential topical alternative for treating BV.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reena Nayak
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Jitu Halder
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Tushar Kanti Rajwar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Deepak Pradhan
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Vineet Kumar Rai
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Debasmita Dubey
- Medical Research Laboratory, Institute of Medical Sciences & SUM Hospital, Siksha O Anusandhan Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751003, India
| | - Biswakanth Kar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Goutam Ghosh
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Goutam Rath
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Siksha 'O' Anusandhan (Deemed to be University), Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India.
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2
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Huang Y, Tang H, Liu D, Liu Y, Meng X, Chen B, Zou Z. Cyclosporine A-loaded chitosan extra-fine particles for deep pulmonary drug delivery: In vitro and in vivo evaluation. J Control Release 2023; 362:243-256. [PMID: 37634553 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.08.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the extra-fine dry powder inhalers (DPIs) with chitosan (CS) as carrier were successfully prepared by ionic gel method combined with spray drying technique for deep pulmonary drug delivery of Cyclosporine A (CsA), using sodium hyaluronate (SHA) and sodium polyglutamate (SPGA) as polyanions. The CsA-loaded DPIs of CS-SHA-CsA and CS-SPGA-CsA were spherical particles with wrinkles on the surface, which were more conducive to improving the aerosol properties. The aerodynamic evaluation of CS-SHA-CsA and CS-SPGA-CsA showed that the fine particle fraction (FPF) reached up to 79.22 ± 2.12% and 81.55 ± 0.43%, while the emitted fraction (EF) reached 77.15 ± 1.46% and 78.29 ± 2.10%. In addition, the mass median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD) was calculated as 1.58 ± 0.04 μm and 1.94 ± 0.02 μm for CS-SHA-CsA and CS-SPGA-CsA, indicating that they were all extra-fine particles (d < 2 μm). These in vitro aerodynamic results showed that CS-SHA-CsA and CS-SPGA-CsA could reach the smaller airways, further improving therapeutic efficiency. The cell viability on A549 cell line results showed that CS-SHA-CsA and CS-SPGA-CsA were safe to deliver CsA to lungs. The in vivo pharmacokinetics consequence proved that inhalation administration of CS-SHA-CsA and CS-SPGA-CsA could significantly improve the bioavailability of CsA in vivo compared with oral administration of Neoral®, effectively reducing the risk of a series of adverse effects caused by systemic overexposure. In addition, the safety and compatibility of DPIs using SHA, SPGA, and CS as carriers for pulmonary drug delivery was verified by in vivo repeated dose inhalation toxicity. From these findings, the extra-fine DPIs with CS as carrier could be a viable delivery option for the deep pulmonary drug delivery of CsA relative to orally administered drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongpeng Huang
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing 102205, China
| | - Hui Tang
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing 102205, China
| | - Dongxin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing 102205, China
| | - Yanli Liu
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing 102205, China
| | - Xiangyan Meng
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing 102205, China
| | - Bo Chen
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing 102205, China.
| | - Zhiyun Zou
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing 102205, China.
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Visan RM, Leonties AR, Anastasescu M, Angelescu DG. Towards understanding the interaction of quercetin with chitosan-phytate complex: An experimental and computational investigation. J Mol Liq 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2023.121673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
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Modi SK, Gaur S, Sengupta M, Singh MS. Mechanistic insights into nanoparticle surface-bacterial membrane interactions in overcoming antibiotic resistance. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1135579. [PMID: 37152753 PMCID: PMC10160668 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1135579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/30/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) raises a serious concern as it contributes to the global mortality by 5 million deaths per year. The overall impact pertaining to significant membrane changes, through broad spectrum drugs have rendered the bacteria resistant over the years. The economic expenditure due to increasing drug resistance poses a global burden on healthcare community and must be dealt with immediate effect. Nanoparticles (NP) have demonstrated inherent therapeutic potential or can serve as nanocarriers of antibiotics against multidrug resistant (MDR) pathogens. These carriers can mask the antibiotics and help evade the resistance mechanism of the bacteria. The targeted delivery can be fine-tuned through surface functionalization of Nanocarriers using aptamers, antibodies etc. This review covers various molecular mechanisms acquired by resistant bacteria towards membrane modification. Mechanistic insight on 'NP surface-bacterial membrane' interactions are crucial in deciding the role of NP as therapeutic. Finally, we highlight the potential accessible membrane targets for designing smart surface-functionalized nanocarriers which can act as bacteria-targeted robots over the existing clinically available antibiotics. As the bacterial strains around us continue to evolve into resistant versions, nanomedicine can offer promising and alternative tools in overcoming AMR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suraj Kumar Modi
- Department of Biotechnology, Bennett University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Centre of Excellence for Nanosensors and Nanomedicine, Bennett University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Smriti Gaur
- Department of Biotechnology, Bennett University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mrittika Sengupta
- Department of Biotechnology, Bennett University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Centre of Excellence for Nanosensors and Nanomedicine, Bennett University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Mrittika Sengupta, ;
| | - Manu Smriti Singh
- Department of Biotechnology, Bennett University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
- Centre of Excellence for Nanosensors and Nanomedicine, Bennett University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
- *Correspondence: Manu Smriti Singh, ;
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Nanoparticles for Antimicrobial Agents Delivery-An Up-to-Date Review. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232213862. [PMID: 36430343 PMCID: PMC9696780 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232213862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 11/06/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Infectious diseases constitute an increasing threat to public health and medical systems worldwide. Particularly, the emergence of multidrug-resistant pathogens has left the pharmaceutical arsenal unarmed to fight against such severe microbial infections. Thus, the context has called for a paradigm shift in managing bacterial, fungal, viral, and parasitic infections, leading to the collision of medicine with nanotechnology. As a result, renewed research interest has been noted in utilizing various nanoparticles as drug delivery vehicles, aiming to overcome the limitations of current treatment options. In more detail, numerous studies have loaded natural and synthetic antimicrobial agents into different inorganic, lipid, and polymeric-based nanomaterials and tested them against clinically relevant pathogens. In this respect, this paper reviews the most recently reported successfully fabricated nanoformulations that demonstrated a great potential against bacteria, fungi, viruses, and parasites of interest for human medicine.
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Heshmati Aghda N, Zhang Y, Wang J, Lu A, Pillai AR, Maniruzzaman M. A Novel 3D Printing Particulate Manufacturing Technology for Encapsulation of Protein Therapeutics: Sprayed Multi Adsorbed-Droplet Reposing Technology (SMART). Bioengineering (Basel) 2022; 9:653. [PMID: 36354564 PMCID: PMC9687125 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering9110653] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, various innovative technologies have been developed for the enhanced delivery of biologics as attractive formulation targets including polymeric micro and nanoparticles. Combined with personalized medicine, this area can offer a great opportunity for the improvement of therapeutics efficiency and the treatment outcome. Herein, a novel manufacturing method has been introduced to produce protein-loaded chitosan particles with controlled size. This method is based on an additive manufacturing technology that allows for the designing and production of personalized particulate based therapeutic formulations with a precise control over the shape, size, and potentially the geometry. Sprayed multi adsorbed-droplet reposing technology (SMART) consists of the high-pressure extrusion of an ink with a well determined composition using a pneumatic 3D bioprinting approach and flash freezing the extrudate at the printing bed, optionally followed by freeze drying. In the present study, we attempted to manufacture trypsin-loaded chitosan particles using SMART. The ink and products were thoroughly characterized by dynamic light scattering, rheometer, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), and Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) and Circular Dichroism (CD) spectroscopy. These characterizations confirmed the shape morphology as well as the protein integrity over the process. Further, the effect of various factors on the production were investigated. Our results showed that the concentration of the carrier, chitosan, and the lyoprotectant concentration as well as the extrusion pressure have a significant effect on the particle size. According to CD spectra, SMART ensured Trypsin's secondary structure remained intact regardless of the ink composition and pressure. However, our study revealed that the presence of 5% (w/v) lyoprotectant is essential to maintain the trypsin's proteolytic activity. This study demonstrates, for the first time, the viability of SMART as a single-step efficient process to produce biologics-based stable formulations with a precise control over the particulate morphology which can further be expanded across numerous therapeutic modalities including vaccines and cell/gene therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Mohammed Maniruzzaman
- Pharmaceutical Engineering and 3D Printing (PharmE3D) Labs, Division of Molecular Pharmaceutics and Drug Delivery, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78705, USA
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Atia GAN, Shalaby HK, Zehravi M, Ghobashy MM, Attia HAN, Ahmad Z, Khan FS, Dey A, Mukerjee N, Alexiou A, Rahman MH, Klepacka J, Najda A. Drug-Loaded Chitosan Scaffolds for Periodontal Tissue Regeneration. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14153192. [PMID: 35956708 PMCID: PMC9371089 DOI: 10.3390/polym14153192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 07/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Chitosan is a natural anionic polysaccharide with a changeable architecture and an abundance of functional groups; in addition, it can be converted into various shapes and sizes, making it appropriate for a variety of applications. This article examined and summarized current developments in chitosan-based materials, with a focus on the modification of chitosan, and presented an abundance of information about the fabrication and use of chitosan-derived products in periodontal regeneration. Numerous preparation and modification techniques for enhancing chitosan performance, as well as the uses of chitosan and its metabolites, were reviewed critically and discussed in depth in this study. Chitosan-based products may be formed into different shapes and sizes, considering fibers, nanostructures, gels, membranes, and hydrogels. Various drug-loaded chitosan devices were discussed regarding periodontal regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gamal Abdel Nasser Atia
- Department of Oral Medicine, Periodontology, and Diagnosis, Faculty of Dentistry, Suez Canal University, Ismailia P.O. Box 41522, Egypt
- Correspondence: (G.A.N.A.); (M.H.R.); (A.N.)
| | - Hany K. Shalaby
- Department of Oral Medicine, Periodontology and Oral Diagnosis, Faculty of Dentistry, Suez University, Suez P.O. Box 43512, Egypt
| | - Mehrukh Zehravi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy Girls Section, Prince Sattam Bin Abdul Aziz University, Al-Kharj 11942, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed Mohamady Ghobashy
- Radiation Research of Polymer Chemistry Department, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology (NCRRT), Atomic Energy Authority, Cairo P.O. Box 13759, Egypt
| | - Hager Abdel Nasser Attia
- Department of Molecular Biology and Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria P.O. Box 21526, Egypt
| | - Zubair Ahmad
- Unit of Bee Research and Honey Production, Faculty of Science, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
- Biology Department, College of Arts and Sciences, Dehran Al-Junub, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Farhat S. Khan
- Biology Department, College of Arts and Sciences, Dehran Al-Junub, King Khalid University, P.O. Box 9004, Abha 61413, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abhijit Dey
- Department of Life Sciences, Presidency University, Kolkata 700073, India
| | - Nobendu Mukerjee
- Department of Microbiology, Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda Centenary College, Khardaha 700118, India
- Department of Science and Engineering, Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Hebersham, NSW 2770, Australia
| | - Athanasios Alexiou
- Department of Science and Engineering, Novel Global Community Educational Foundation, Hebersham, NSW 2770, Australia
| | - Md. Habibur Rahman
- Department of Global Medical Science, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju 26426, Korea
- Correspondence: (G.A.N.A.); (M.H.R.); (A.N.)
| | - Joanna Klepacka
- Department of Commodity Science and Food Analysis, Faculty of Food Science, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 2, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Najda
- Department of Vegetable and Herbal Crops, University of Life Science in Lublin, Doświadczalna Street 51A, 20-280 Lublin, Poland
- Correspondence: (G.A.N.A.); (M.H.R.); (A.N.)
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Turco BO, Boni FI, Gremião MPD, Chorilli M. Nanostructured polyelectrolyte complexes based on chitosan and sodium alginate containing rifampicin for the potential treatment of tuberculosis. Drug Dev Ind Pharm 2022; 47:1904-1914. [PMID: 35236214 DOI: 10.1080/03639045.2022.2048664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Nanostructured polyelectrolyte complexes (nano PECs) were obtained by polyelectrolyte complexation technique from chitosan (CS) and sodium alginate (SA). Different polymer proportions were tested, as well as the addition order and homogenization type, to assess the influence on the nano PECs characteristics. The spherical shape and nanometric scale of the systems were observed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Nano PECs size, PDI and zeta potential ranged from 252 to 616 nm, from 0.22 to 0.73 and -50 to 30 mV, respectively. The increase of polymer proportion and the ultra-turrax homogenization led to the enlargement of particles size and PDI. However, no influence was observed on the zeta potential. The NP1s-Rb and NP4s-Rb, obtained through the sonicator with rifampicin (RIF) added before the CS and SA complexation, were selected due to the most promising characteristics of diameter (301 and 402 nm), PDI (0.27 and 0.26) and RIF incorporation (78 and 69%,). The release profiles of RIF incorporated in both nano PECs were similar, with a sustained release of the drug for 180 minutes in phosphate buffer pH (7.2). The Weibull and the Korsmeyer-Peppas models better describe the RIF release from NP1s-Rb and NP4s-Rb, respectively, demonstrating that the release process was driven by different mechanism according the particle composition. The nano PECs were lyophilized to prolong it stability and for possible nebulization. The addition of dextrose to the system allowed for resuspension after lyophilization. Therefore, with the results obtained, the incorporation of RIF in nano PECs based on CS and SA presents a promising system for the treatment of tuberculosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruna Ortolani Turco
- Department of Drugs and Medicines, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista, Campus Araraquara, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Isadora Boni
- Department of Drugs and Medicines, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista, Campus Araraquara, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Maria Palmira Daflon Gremião
- Department of Drugs and Medicines, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista, Campus Araraquara, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Marlus Chorilli
- Department of Drugs and Medicines, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, UNESP - Univ. Estadual Paulista, Campus Araraquara, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
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Niculescu AG, Grumezescu AM. Polymer-Based Nanosystems-A Versatile Delivery Approach. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:6812. [PMID: 34832213 PMCID: PMC8619478 DOI: 10.3390/ma14226812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2021] [Revised: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 11/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Polymer-based nanoparticles of tailored size, morphology, and surface properties have attracted increasing attention as carriers for drugs, biomolecules, and genes. By protecting the payload from degradation and maintaining sustained and controlled release of the drug, polymeric nanoparticles can reduce drug clearance, increase their cargo's stability and solubility, prolong its half-life, and ensure optimal concentration at the target site. The inherent immunomodulatory properties of specific polymer nanoparticles, coupled with their drug encapsulation ability, have raised particular interest in vaccine delivery. This paper aims to review current and emerging drug delivery applications of both branched and linear, natural, and synthetic polymer nanostructures, focusing on their role in vaccine development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adelina-Gabriela Niculescu
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, Politehnica University of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania;
| | - Alexandru Mihai Grumezescu
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, Faculty of Applied Chemistry and Materials Science, Politehnica University of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania;
- Research Institute of the University of Bucharest—ICUB, University of Bucharest, 050657 Bucharest, Romania
- Academy of Romanian Scientists, Ilfov no. 3, 50044 Bucharest, Romania
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Tiburcio E, García-Junceda E, Garrido L, Fernández-Mayoralas A, Revuelta J, Bastida A. Preparation and Characterization of Aminoglycoside-Loaded Chitosan/Tripolyphosphate/Alginate Microspheres against E. coli. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:3326. [PMID: 34641142 PMCID: PMC8512199 DOI: 10.3390/polym13193326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Although aminoglycosides are one of the common classes of antibiotics that have been widely used for treating infections caused by pathogenic bacteria, the evolution of bacterial resistance mechanisms and their inherent toxicity have diminished their applicability. Biocompatible carrier systems can help sustain and control the delivery of antibacterial compounds while reducing the chances of antibacterial resistance or accumulation in unwanted tissues. In this study, novel chitosan gel beads were synthesized by a double ionic co-crosslinking mechanism. Tripolyphosphate and alginate, a polysaccharide obtained from marine brown algae, were employed as ionic cross-linkers to prepare the chitosan-based networks of gel beads. The in vitro release of streptomycin and kanamycin A was bimodal; an initial burst release was observed followed by a diffusion mediated sustained release, based on a Fickian diffusion mechanism. Finally, in terms of antibacterial properties, the particles resulted in growth inhibition of Gram-negative (E. coli) bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Estefanía Tiburcio
- BioGlycoChem Group, Institute of General Organic Chemistry (CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain; (E.T.); (E.G.-J.); (A.F.-M.)
| | - Eduardo García-Junceda
- BioGlycoChem Group, Institute of General Organic Chemistry (CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain; (E.T.); (E.G.-J.); (A.F.-M.)
| | - Leoncio Garrido
- Nanohybrids and Interactive Polymers Group, Institute of Polymer Science and Technology (ICTP-CSIC), CSIC, Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Alfonso Fernández-Mayoralas
- BioGlycoChem Group, Institute of General Organic Chemistry (CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain; (E.T.); (E.G.-J.); (A.F.-M.)
| | - Julia Revuelta
- BioGlycoChem Group, Institute of General Organic Chemistry (CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain; (E.T.); (E.G.-J.); (A.F.-M.)
| | - Agatha Bastida
- BioGlycoChem Group, Institute of General Organic Chemistry (CSIC), Juan de la Cierva 3, 28006 Madrid, Spain; (E.T.); (E.G.-J.); (A.F.-M.)
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11
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Green Synthesis of Ciprofloxacin-Loaded Cerium Oxide/Chitosan Nanocarrier and its Activity Against MRSA-Induced Mastitis. J Pharm Sci 2021; 110:3471-3483. [PMID: 34126118 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2021.06.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)-induced mastitis is one of the biggest animal welfare issues and economic burdens worldwide. As a possible effective treatment, ciprofloxacin (CIP)-loaded cerium oxide (CeO2)/chitosan (CS) nanocomposite was synthesized using an eco-friendly approach, characterized, and evaluated. From 350 mastitis-positive milk samples, 35 mecA-positive MRSA strains were confirmed by antibiotic sensitivity testing and PCR. CeO2 nanoparticles (NPs) were synthetized using the seeds' extract of Amomum subulatum (aka black cardamom/BC) as a reducing and capping agent, which was conjugated with CS by ionic gelation before CIP was nanoencapsulated. The resulting NPs were characterized physically (by using FESEM, TEM, EDS, XRD, FTIR, ZP, and UV-Vis spectrophotometry), biologically and pharmacologically (through in-vitro/ex-vivo antibacterial, cytotoxic, and drug release behavior assays). The CIP-nanocomposite was represented by pure, stable, small, pseudospherical NPs of crystalline nature. FTIR confirmed the surface linkage of CS and CIP in CeO2 NPs. CIP-CeO2/CS nanocarrier exerted enhanced antibacterial activity at lower MIC (8 μg/mL) compared to that of free CIP drug alone. Also, they were hemocompatible and not hepatotoxic. CIP release from the nanocarrier was better sustained in physiological-like conditions. Taken together, the phytogenic CIP-CeO2/CS nanocarrier could be considered as a potent and safe therapeutic solution for MRSA-induced mastitis.
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12
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Spirescu VA, Chircov C, Grumezescu AM, Andronescu E. Polymeric Nanoparticles for Antimicrobial Therapies: An Up-To-Date Overview. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:724. [PMID: 33673451 PMCID: PMC7956825 DOI: 10.3390/polym13050724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the many advancements in the pharmaceutical and medical fields and the development of numerous antimicrobial drugs aimed to suppress and destroy pathogenic microorganisms, infectious diseases still represent a major health threat affecting millions of lives daily. In addition to the limitations of antimicrobial drugs associated with low transportation rate, water solubility, oral bioavailability and stability, inefficient drug targeting, considerable toxicity, and limited patient compliance, the major cause for their inefficiency is the antimicrobial resistance of microorganisms. In this context, the risk of a pre-antibiotic era is a real possibility. For this reason, the research focus has shifted toward the discovery and development of novel and alternative antimicrobial agents that could overcome the challenges associated with conventional drugs. Nanotechnology is a possible alternative, as there is significant evidence of the broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity of nanomaterials and nanoparticles in particular. Moreover, owing to their considerable advantages regarding their efficient cargo dissolving, entrapment, encapsulation, or surface attachment, the possibility of forming antimicrobial groups for specific targeting and destruction, biocompatibility and biodegradability, low toxicity, and synergistic therapy, polymeric nanoparticles have received considerable attention as potential antimicrobial drug delivery agents. In this context, the aim of this paper is to provide an up-to-date overview of the most recent studies investigating polymeric nanoparticles designed for antimicrobial therapies, describing both their targeting strategies and their effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Alexandra Spirescu
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (V.A.S.); (C.C.); (E.A.)
| | - Cristina Chircov
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (V.A.S.); (C.C.); (E.A.)
| | - Alexandru Mihai Grumezescu
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (V.A.S.); (C.C.); (E.A.)
- Research Institute of the University of Bucharest—ICUB, University of Bucharest, 050657 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Ecaterina Andronescu
- Department of Science and Engineering of Oxide Materials and Nanomaterials, University Politehnica of Bucharest, 011061 Bucharest, Romania; (V.A.S.); (C.C.); (E.A.)
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13
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Antimicrobial Contribution of Chitosan Surface-Modified Nanoliposomes Combined with Colistin against Sensitive and Colistin-Resistant Clinical Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Pharmaceutics 2020; 13:pharmaceutics13010041. [PMID: 33396760 PMCID: PMC7824406 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13010041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Colistin is a re-emergent antibiotic peptide used as a last resort in clinical practice to overcome multi-drug resistant (MDR) Gram-negative bacterial infections. Unfortunately, the dissemination of colistin-resistant strains has increased in recent years and is considered a public health problem worldwide. Strategies to reduce resistance to antibiotics such as nanotechnology have been applied successfully. In this work, colistin was characterized physicochemically by surface tension measurements. Subsequently, nanoliposomes coated with highly deacetylated chitosan were prepared with and without colistin. The nanoliposomes were characterized using dynamic light scattering and zeta potential measurements. Both physicochemical parameters fluctuated relatively to the addition of colistin and/or polymer. The antimicrobial activity of formulations increased by four-fold against clinical isolates of susceptible Pseudomona aeruginosa but did not have antimicrobial activity against multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria. Interestingly, the free coated nanoliposomes exhibited the same antibacterial activity in both sensitive and MDR strains. Finally, the interaction of colistin with phospholipids was characterized using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and determined that colistin is weakly associated with micelles constituted by zwitterionic phospholipids.
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14
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Magnetic MnFe2O4 Core–shell nanoparticles coated with antibiotics for the ablation of pathogens. CHEMICAL PAPERS 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11696-020-01306-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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15
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Montero N, Alhajj MJ, Sierra M, Oñate-Garzon J, Yarce CJ, Salamanca CH. Development of Polyelectrolyte Complex Nanoparticles-PECNs Loaded with Ampicillin by Means of Polyelectrolyte Complexation and Ultra-High Pressure Homogenization (UHPH). Polymers (Basel) 2020; 12:E1168. [PMID: 32443668 PMCID: PMC7285317 DOI: 10.3390/polym12051168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Revised: 05/09/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
This study was focused on synthesizing, characterizing and evaluating the biological potential of Polyelectrolyte Complex Nanoparticles (PECNs) loaded with the antibiotic ampicillin. For this, the PECNs were produced initially by polyelectrolytic complexation (bottom-up method) and subsequently subjected to ultra-high pressure homogenization-UHPH (top-down method). The synthetic polymeric materials corresponding to the sodium salt of poly(maleic acid-alt-octadecene) (PAM-18Na) and the chloride salt of Eudragit E-100 (EuCl) were used, where the order of polyelectrolyte complexation, the polyelectrolyte ratio and the UHPH conditions on the PECNs features were evaluated. Likewise, PECNs were physicochemically characterized through particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential, pH and encapsulation efficiency, whereas the antimicrobial effect was evaluated by means of the broth microdilution method employing ampicillin sensitive and resistant S. aureus strains. The results showed that the classical method of polyelectrolyte complexation (bottom-up) led to obtain polymeric complexes with large particle size and high polydispersity, where the 1:1 ratio between the titrant and receptor polyelectrolyte was the most critical condition. In contrast, the UHPH technique (top-down method) proved high performance to produce uniform polymeric complexes on the nanometric scale (particle size < 200 nm and PDI < 0.3). Finally, it was found there was a moderate increase in antimicrobial activity when ampicillin was loaded into the PECNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolle Montero
- Laboratorio de Diseño y Formulación de Productos Químicos y Derivados, Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad ICESI, Calle 18 No. 122-135, Cali 760035, Colombia; (N.M.); (M.J.A.); (M.S.); (C.J.Y.)
| | - Maria J. Alhajj
- Laboratorio de Diseño y Formulación de Productos Químicos y Derivados, Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad ICESI, Calle 18 No. 122-135, Cali 760035, Colombia; (N.M.); (M.J.A.); (M.S.); (C.J.Y.)
| | - Mariana Sierra
- Laboratorio de Diseño y Formulación de Productos Químicos y Derivados, Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad ICESI, Calle 18 No. 122-135, Cali 760035, Colombia; (N.M.); (M.J.A.); (M.S.); (C.J.Y.)
| | - Jose Oñate-Garzon
- Grupo de Investigación en Química y Biotecnología (QUIBIO), Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Universidad Santiago de Cali, calle 5 No. 62-00, Cali 760035, Colombia;
| | - Cristhian J. Yarce
- Laboratorio de Diseño y Formulación de Productos Químicos y Derivados, Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad ICESI, Calle 18 No. 122-135, Cali 760035, Colombia; (N.M.); (M.J.A.); (M.S.); (C.J.Y.)
| | - Constain H. Salamanca
- Laboratorio de Diseño y Formulación de Productos Químicos y Derivados, Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad ICESI, Calle 18 No. 122-135, Cali 760035, Colombia; (N.M.); (M.J.A.); (M.S.); (C.J.Y.)
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16
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Ciro Y, Rojas J, Di Virgilio AL, Alhajj MJ, Carabali GA, Salamanca CH. Production, physicochemical characterization, and anticancer activity of methotrexate-loaded phytic acid-chitosan nanoparticles on HT-29 human colon adenocarcinoma cells. Carbohydr Polym 2020; 243:116436. [PMID: 32532389 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2020.116436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2020] [Revised: 04/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Methotrexate-loaded phytic acid-chitosan nanoparticles were synthesized by ionic gelation assisted by high-intensity sonication. The nanoparticles were characterized by particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential (ZP) and encapsulation efficiency. Their physical stability was evaluated at 4 °C and 40 °C, whereas the in-vitro methotrexate release was assessed at pH 7.4. The data were heuristically fit to first-order, Higuchi, Peppas-Sahlin and Korsmeyer-Peppas models of release kinetics. Anticancer activity was evaluated using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazoliumbromide (MTT) assay on HT-29 human colon adenocarcinoma cells. Physicochemical analysis showed that the nanoparticles presented positive ZP values, sizes less than <300 nm and low polydispersity, except for systems formed with low amplitude sonication. The nanoparticles exhibited an adequate physical stability and a capability to modify methotrexate release by a non-Fickian mechanism, resulting in a more pronounced cytotoxic effect than the free drug on HT-29 human colon adenocarcinoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yhor Ciro
- University of Antioquia, School of Pharmaceutical and Food Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, 67 Street No. 53 - 108, Medellin, 050010, Colombia.
| | - John Rojas
- University of Antioquia, School of Pharmaceutical and Food Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, 67 Street No. 53 - 108, Medellin, 050010, Colombia.
| | - Ana Laura Di Virgilio
- Centro de Química Inorgánica (CEQUINOR), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas - Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Bv. 120 N 1465, La Plata, Argentina.
| | - Maria J Alhajj
- Laboratorio de Diseño y Formulación de Productos Químicos y Derivados, Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad ICESI, Calle 18 No. 122 -135, Cali, 760035, Colombia.
| | - Gustavo A Carabali
- Laboratorio de Diseño y Formulación de Productos Químicos y Derivados, Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad ICESI, Calle 18 No. 122 -135, Cali, 760035, Colombia.
| | - Constain H Salamanca
- Laboratorio de Diseño y Formulación de Productos Químicos y Derivados, Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad ICESI, Calle 18 No. 122 -135, Cali, 760035, Colombia.
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17
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Ciro Y, Rojas J, Alhajj MJ, Carabali GA, Salamanca CH. Production and Characterization of Chitosan-Polyanion Nanoparticles by Polyelectrolyte Complexation Assisted by High-Intensity Sonication for the Modified Release of Methotrexate. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2020; 13:E11. [PMID: 31936208 PMCID: PMC7168905 DOI: 10.3390/ph13010011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 01/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2020] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
A promising strategy to improve the effectivity of anticancer treatment and decrease its side effects is to modulate drug release by using nanoparticulates (NPs) as carriers. In this study, methotrexate-loaded chitosan-polyanion nanoparticles were produced by polyelectrolyte complexation assisted by high-intensity sonication, using several anionic polymers, such as the sodium and potassium salts of poly(maleic acid-alt-ethylene) and poly(maleic acid-alt-octadecene), here named PAM-2 and PAM-18, respectively. Such NPs were analyzed and characterized according to particle size, polydispersity index, zeta potential and encapsulation efficiency. Likewise, their physical stability was tested at 4 °C and 40 °C in order to evaluate any change in the previously mentioned particle parameters. The in vitro methotrexate release was assessed at a pH of 7.4, which simulated physiological conditions, and the data were fitted to the heuristic models of order one, Higuchi, Peppas-Sahlin and Korsmeyer-Peppas. The results revealed that most of the MTX-chitosan-polyanion NPs have positive zeta potential values, sizes <280 nm and monodisperse populations, except for the NPs formed with PAM-18 polyanions. Further, the NPs showed adequate physical stability, preventing NP-NP aggregation. Likewise, these carriers modified the MTX release by an anomalous mechanism, where the NPs formed with PAM-2 polymer led to a release mechanism controlled by diffusion and relaxation, whereas the NPs formed with PAM-18 led to a mainly diffusion-controlled release mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yhors Ciro
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical and Food Sciences, University of Antioquia, 67 Street No. 53-108, Medellín 050010, Colombia;
| | - John Rojas
- Department of Pharmacy, School of Pharmaceutical and Food Sciences, University of Antioquia, 67 Street No. 53-108, Medellín 050010, Colombia;
| | - Maria J. Alhajj
- Laboratorio de Diseño y Formulación de Productos Químicos y Derivados, Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad ICESI, Calle 18 No. 122-135, Cali 760035, Colombia; (M.J.A.); (G.A.C.)
| | - Gustavo A. Carabali
- Laboratorio de Diseño y Formulación de Productos Químicos y Derivados, Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad ICESI, Calle 18 No. 122-135, Cali 760035, Colombia; (M.J.A.); (G.A.C.)
| | - Constain H. Salamanca
- Laboratorio de Diseño y Formulación de Productos Químicos y Derivados, Departamento de Ciencias Farmacéuticas, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad ICESI, Calle 18 No. 122-135, Cali 760035, Colombia; (M.J.A.); (G.A.C.)
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