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Golubev GS, Sokolov SE, Rokhmanka TN, Bakhtin DS, Borisov IL, Volkov AV. Membranes Based on PTMSP and Hypercrosslinked Polystyrene for Gas Separation and Thermopervaporative Removal of Volatile Organic Compounds from Aqueous Media. MEMBRANES AND MEMBRANE TECHNOLOGIES 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s2517751622060038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Golubev G, Sokolov S, Rokhmanka T, Makaev S, Borisov I, Khashirova S, Volkov A. High Efficiency Membranes Based on PTMSP and Hyper-Crosslinked Polystyrene for Toxic Volatile Compounds Removal from Wastewater. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14142944. [PMID: 35890720 PMCID: PMC9321245 DOI: 10.3390/polym14142944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
For the first time, membranes based on poly(1-trimethylsilyl-1-propyne) (PTMSP) with 5–50 wt% loading of hyper-crosslinked polystyrene sorbent particles (HCPS) were obtained; the membranes were investigated for the problem of effective removal of volatile organic compounds from aqueous solutions using vacuum pervaporation. The industrial HCPS sorbent Purolite Macronet™ MN200 was chosen due to its high sorption capacity for organic solvents. It has been found that the membranes are asymmetric when HCPS content is higher than 30 wt%; scanning electron microscopy of the cross-sections the membranes demonstrate that they have a clearly defined thin layer, consisting mainly of PTMSP, and a thick porous layer, consisting mainly of HCPS. The transport and separation characteristics of PTMSP membranes with different HCPS loading were studied during the pervaporation separation of binary and multicomponent mixtures of water with benzene, toluene and xylene. It was shown that the addition of HCPS up to 30 wt% not only increases the permeate fluxes by 4–7 times, but at the same time leads to 1.5–2 fold increase in the separation factor. It was possible to obtain separation factors exceeding 1000 for all studied mixtures at high permeate fluxes (0.5–1 kg/m2∙h) in pervaporation separation of binary solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Georgy Golubev
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis RAS, 29 Leninsky prospekt, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (S.S.); (T.R.); (S.M.); (I.B.); (A.V.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-495-647-59-27 (ext. 2-02)
| | - Stepan Sokolov
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis RAS, 29 Leninsky prospekt, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (S.S.); (T.R.); (S.M.); (I.B.); (A.V.)
| | - Tatyana Rokhmanka
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis RAS, 29 Leninsky prospekt, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (S.S.); (T.R.); (S.M.); (I.B.); (A.V.)
| | - Sergey Makaev
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis RAS, 29 Leninsky prospekt, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (S.S.); (T.R.); (S.M.); (I.B.); (A.V.)
| | - Ilya Borisov
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis RAS, 29 Leninsky prospekt, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (S.S.); (T.R.); (S.M.); (I.B.); (A.V.)
| | - Svetlana Khashirova
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Compounds, Kabardino-Balkar State University named after H.M. Berbekov, 173 Chernyshevsky St., 360004 Nalchik, Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, Russia;
| | - Alexey Volkov
- A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis RAS, 29 Leninsky prospekt, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (S.S.); (T.R.); (S.M.); (I.B.); (A.V.)
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Golubev GS, Volkov VV, Borisov IL, Volkov AV. High free volume polymers for pervaporation. Curr Opin Chem Eng 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.coche.2021.100788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Lakshmy KS, Lal D, Nair A, Babu A, Das H, Govind N, Dmitrenko M, Kuzminova A, Korniak A, Penkova A, Tharayil A, Thomas S. Pervaporation as a Successful Tool in the Treatment of Industrial Liquid Mixtures. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14081604. [PMID: 35458354 PMCID: PMC9029804 DOI: 10.3390/polym14081604] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 04/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Pervaporation is one of the most active topics in membrane research, and it has time and again proven to be an essential component for chemical separation. It has been employed in the removal of impurities from raw materials, separation of products and by-products after reaction, and separation of pollutants from water. Given the global problem of water pollution, this approach is efficient in removing hazardous substances from water bodies. Conventional processes are based on thermodynamic equilibria involving a phase transition such as distillation and liquid-liquid extraction. These techniques have a relatively low efficacy and nowadays they are not recommended because it is not sustainable in terms of energy consumption and/or waste generation. Pervaporation emerged in the 1980s and is now becoming a popular membrane separation technology because of its intrinsic features such as low energy requirements, cheap separation costs, and good quality product output. The focus of this review is on current developments in pervaporation, mass transport in membranes, material selection, fabrication and characterization techniques, and applications of various membranes in the separation of chemicals from water.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kadavil Subhash Lakshmy
- School of Energy Materials, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam 686560, Kerala, India; (K.S.L.); (D.L.); (A.N.); (A.B.); (H.D.); (N.G.); (S.T.)
| | - Devika Lal
- School of Energy Materials, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam 686560, Kerala, India; (K.S.L.); (D.L.); (A.N.); (A.B.); (H.D.); (N.G.); (S.T.)
| | - Anandu Nair
- School of Energy Materials, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam 686560, Kerala, India; (K.S.L.); (D.L.); (A.N.); (A.B.); (H.D.); (N.G.); (S.T.)
| | - Allan Babu
- School of Energy Materials, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam 686560, Kerala, India; (K.S.L.); (D.L.); (A.N.); (A.B.); (H.D.); (N.G.); (S.T.)
| | - Haritha Das
- School of Energy Materials, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam 686560, Kerala, India; (K.S.L.); (D.L.); (A.N.); (A.B.); (H.D.); (N.G.); (S.T.)
| | - Neethu Govind
- School of Energy Materials, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam 686560, Kerala, India; (K.S.L.); (D.L.); (A.N.); (A.B.); (H.D.); (N.G.); (S.T.)
| | - Mariia Dmitrenko
- St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia; (M.D.); (A.K.); (A.K.)
| | - Anna Kuzminova
- St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia; (M.D.); (A.K.); (A.K.)
| | - Aleksandra Korniak
- St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia; (M.D.); (A.K.); (A.K.)
| | - Anastasia Penkova
- St. Petersburg State University, 7/9 Universitetskaya nab., 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia; (M.D.); (A.K.); (A.K.)
- Correspondence: (A.P.); (A.T.)
| | - Abhimanyu Tharayil
- School of Energy Materials, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam 686560, Kerala, India; (K.S.L.); (D.L.); (A.N.); (A.B.); (H.D.); (N.G.); (S.T.)
- Correspondence: (A.P.); (A.T.)
| | - Sabu Thomas
- School of Energy Materials, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam 686560, Kerala, India; (K.S.L.); (D.L.); (A.N.); (A.B.); (H.D.); (N.G.); (S.T.)
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Shaligram SV, Regen SL. Increased CO 2/N 2 selectivity of PTMSP by surface crosslinking. Chem Commun (Camb) 2022; 58:3557-3560. [PMID: 35199112 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc00065b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The surface crosslinking of poly[1-(trimethylsilyl)-1-propyne] (PTMSP) membranes by dithiothreitol under thiol-ene click reaction conditions has yielded membranes having CO2/N2 selectivities in excess of 30 with CO2 permeances in excess of 300 GPU (gas permeation units). The simplicity of this surface crosslinking strategy together with these permeation results suggests that PTMSP that is modified in such ways could lead to useful materials for the separation of CO2/N2 from flue gas and for certain other gaseous mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sayali V Shaligram
- Department of Chemistry Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, USA.
| | - Steven L Regen
- Department of Chemistry Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, USA.
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Hybrid Microporous Polymeric Materials with Outstanding Permeability and Increased Gas Transport Stability: PTMSP Aging Prevention by Sorption of the Polymerization Catalyst on HCPS. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13121922. [PMID: 34207865 PMCID: PMC8229280 DOI: 10.3390/polym13121922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The influence of hyper-crosslinked polystyrene (HCPS) MacronetTM MN200 on the gas transport properties and aging of the highly permeable glassy polymer poly(1-trimethylsilyl-1-propyne) (PTMSP) was studied and analyzed in detail. The gas transport characteristics of dense PTMSP membranes containing 0-10.0 wt % HCPS were studied. It was shown that the introduction of a small amount of HCPS into the PTMSP matrix led to a 50-60% increase of the permeability coefficients of the material for light gases (N2, O2, CO2) and slowed down the deterioration of polymer transport properties over time. The lowest reduction in gas permeability coefficients (50-57%) was found for PTMSP containing HCPS 5.0 wt % after annealing at 100 °C for 300 h. It was found that HCPS sorbed residues of tantalum-based polymerization catalyst from PTMSP. In order to investigate the influence of catalysts on transport and physical properties of PTMSP, we purified the latter from the polymerization catalyst by addition of 5 wt % HCPS into polymer/chloroform solution. It was shown that sorption on HCPS allowed for almost complete removal of tantalum compounds from PTMSP. The membrane made of PTMSP purified by HCPS demonstrated more stable transport characteristics compared to the membrane made of the initial polymer. HCPS has a complex effect on the aging process of PTMSP. The introduction of HCPS into the polymer matrix not only slowed down the physical aging of PTMSP, but also reduced chemical aging due to removal of active reagents.
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Selective Separation of 1-Butanol from Aqueous Solution through Pervaporation Using PTSMP-Silica Nano Hybrid Membrane. MEMBRANES 2020; 10:membranes10040055. [PMID: 32224983 PMCID: PMC7231369 DOI: 10.3390/membranes10040055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
In this work, a poly(1-trimethylsilyl-1-propyne) (PTMSP) mixed-matrix membrane was fabricated for the selective removal of 1-butanol from aqueous solutions through pervaporation. Silica nanoparticles (SNPs), which were surface-modified with surfactant hexadecyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB), were incorporated into the structure of the membrane. The modified membrane was characterized by thermogravimetry-differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC), contact angle measurements, and scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis. It was found that the surface hydrophobicity of the membrane was improved when compared to neat PTMSP by contact angle measurement. It was confirmed by SEM analysis that a uniform distribution of surface-modified SNPs throughout the PTMSP membrane was achieved. The thermogravimetric analysis detected the thermal degradation of the modified PTMSP at 370 °C, which is comparable to neat PTMSP. The pervaporation measurements showed a maximum separation factor of 126 at 63 °C for 1.5 w/w% 1-butanol in the feed. The maximum total flux of approximately 1.74 mg·cm-2·min-1 was observed with the highest inspected temperature of 63 °C and at the 1-butanol concentration in the feed 4.5 w/w%. The pervaporation transients showed that the addition of the surface-modified SNPs significantly enhanced the diffusivity of 1-butanol in the composite compared to the neat PTMSP membrane. This improvement was attributed to the influence of the well-dispersed SNPs in the PTMSP matrix, which introduced an additional path for diffusivity.
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