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Li Z, Deng J, Ma P, Bai H, Jin Y, Zhang Y, Dong A, Burenjargal M. Stimuli-Responsive Molecularly Imprinted Polymers: Mechanism and Applications. J Sep Sci 2024; 47:e202400441. [PMID: 39385447 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.202400441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2024] [Revised: 08/21/2024] [Accepted: 08/24/2024] [Indexed: 10/12/2024]
Abstract
Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are very suitable for extraction, drug delivery systems, and sensors due to their good selective adsorption ability, but the difficulty of eluting templates during synthesis and the limitation of application scenarios put higher demands on MIPs. Stimuli-responsive MIPs (SR-MIPs) can actively respond to changes in external conditions to realize various functions, which provides new ideas for the further development of MIPs. This paper reviews the multiple response modes of MIPs, including the common temperature, pH, photo, magnetic, redox-responsive and rare gas, biomolecule, ion, and solvent-responsive MIPs, and explains the mechanism, composition, and applications of such SR-MIPs. These SR-MIPs and the resulting dual/multiple-responsive MIPs have good selectivity, and controllability, and are very promising for isolation and extraction, targeted drug delivery, and electro-sensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Li
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Dairy Products Quality and Safety Control Technology, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, P. R. China
| | - Jiaming Deng
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Dairy Products Quality and Safety Control Technology, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, P. R. China
| | - Peirong Ma
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Dairy Products Quality and Safety Control Technology, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, P. R. China
| | - Haoran Bai
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Dairy Products Quality and Safety Control Technology, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, P. R. China
| | - Yuting Jin
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Dairy Products Quality and Safety Control Technology, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, P. R. China
| | - Yanling Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Dairy Products Quality and Safety Control Technology, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, P. R. China
| | - Alideertu Dong
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, P. R. China
- Engineering Research Center of Dairy Products Quality and Safety Control Technology, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia University, Hohhot, P. R. China
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Guo X, Yang D, Su Y, Chen Y, Ding J, Ding L, Song D. High selectivity molecularly imprinted polymer based on short amylose as bio-based functional monomers for selective extraction of λ-cyhalothrin. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 271:132566. [PMID: 38795883 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.132566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/20/2024] [Indexed: 05/28/2024]
Abstract
Nowadays, the development of sustainable molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) with high selectivity is still challenging due to the limitations of bio-based functional monomers. In this study, the highly selective and porous MIPs (LC-TMIPs) were designed and prepared on short amylose (SAM) as bio-based functional monomers, λ-cyhalothrin (LC) as a template molecule, and tetrafluoroterephthalonitrile as a rigid crosslinking agent. Static, dynamic, and selective adsorption experiments were conducted to investigate the adsorption performance. The results indicated that, compared to MIPs prepared using epichlorohydrin as flexible crosslinking agents, LC-TMIPs exhibited higher imprinting factor (3.93), selectivity (5.78), and adsorption capacity (35.79 mg g-1), as well as faster adsorption/desorption kinetics. The LC-TMIPs were used as sorbents for the selective determination of LC in both apple and cucumber samples by high-performance liquid chromatography. Under the optimal extraction conditions, the recoveries of the method reached 92.1-106.1 %, with a linear range of 1.5-30 ng g-1 and a detection limit of 0.5 ng g-1. The proposed preparation method of LC-TMIPs is expected to open a new way to prepare highly selective and sustainable MIPs for hydrophobic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Guo
- College of Chemistry, Jilin Province Research Center for Engineering and Technology of Spectral Analytical Instruments, Jilin University, Qianjin Street 2699, Changchun 130012, PR China
| | - Dandan Yang
- College of Chemistry, Jilin Province Research Center for Engineering and Technology of Spectral Analytical Instruments, Jilin University, Qianjin Street 2699, Changchun 130012, PR China
| | - Yu Su
- College of Chemistry, Jilin Province Research Center for Engineering and Technology of Spectral Analytical Instruments, Jilin University, Qianjin Street 2699, Changchun 130012, PR China
| | - Yanhua Chen
- College of Chemistry, Jilin Province Research Center for Engineering and Technology of Spectral Analytical Instruments, Jilin University, Qianjin Street 2699, Changchun 130012, PR China
| | - Jie Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and Environment, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, PR China
| | - Lan Ding
- College of Chemistry, Jilin Province Research Center for Engineering and Technology of Spectral Analytical Instruments, Jilin University, Qianjin Street 2699, Changchun 130012, PR China..
| | - Daqian Song
- College of Chemistry, Jilin Province Research Center for Engineering and Technology of Spectral Analytical Instruments, Jilin University, Qianjin Street 2699, Changchun 130012, PR China
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Fluorescent Molecularly Imprinted Polymers Loaded with Avenanthramides for Inhibition of Advanced Glycation End Products. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:polym15030538. [PMID: 36771840 PMCID: PMC9920636 DOI: 10.3390/polym15030538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Encapsulating bioactive avenanthramides (AVAs) in carriers to respond to the environmental changes of food thermal processing allows the controlled release of AVAs for the effective inhibition of biohazards. In this study, fluorescent molecular imprinted polymers (FMIPs) loaded with AVAs were prepared by reverse microemulsion. The fluorescent signal was generated by carbon dots (CDs), which were derived from oat bran to determine the load of AVAs. The FMIPs were uniformly spherical in appearance and demonstrated favorable properties, such as thermal stability, protection of AVAs against photodegradation, high encapsulation efficiency, and effective scavenging of free radicals. After consideration of the different kinetics models, the release of AVAs from the FMIPs matched the Weibull model and followed a Fickian diffusion mechanism. The FMIPs exhibited good inhibition of pyrraline in a simulated casein-ribose system and in milk samples, indicating the release of AVAs could inhibit the generation of pyrraline.
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Baohe Li, Jiang L, Wang Y, Li C, Yu D, Wang N. Construction and Properties of New-Type Photo-Responsive Molecular Imprinting Materials. POLYMER SCIENCE SERIES A 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s0965545x22700572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/09/2023]
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Dextrin-Based Nanohydrogels for Rokitamycin Prolonged Topical Delivery. Gels 2022; 8:gels8080490. [PMID: 36005092 PMCID: PMC9407297 DOI: 10.3390/gels8080490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 08/01/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrolides are widely used antibiotics with a broad spectrum of activity. The development of drug carriers to deliver this type of antibiotics has attracted much research. The present study aims at developing new swellable dextrin-based nanohydrogels for the topical delivery of rokitamycin, as model macrolide. Rokitamycin is a synthetic analogous of macrolides with advantageous characteristics as far as bacterial uptake and post-antibiotic effect are concerned. It is also indicated for the treatment of severe infections caused by Acanthamoeba and for topical infections. The nanohydrogels have been prepared from two types of cross-linked polymers obtained by using β-cyclodextrin or Linecaps® was provided by the Roquette Italia SPA (Cassano Spinola, Al, Italy) as building blocks. The cross-linked polymers have been then formulated into aqueous nanosuspensions refined and tuned to achieve the incorporation of the drug. Cross-linked β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) and Linecaps® (LC) polymers formed dextrin-based nanohydrogels with high swelling degree and mucoadhesion capability. Rokitamycin was loaded into the nanohydrogels displaying an average size around 200 nm with negative surface charge. In vitro kinetic profiles of free and loaded drug in nanohydrogels were compared at two pH levels. Interestingly, a sustained and controlled release was obtained at skin pH level due to the high degree of swelling and a pH responsiveness possibly. The results collected suggest that these nanohydrogels are promising for the delivery of rokitamycin and may pave the way for the topical delivery of other macrolide antibiotics.
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Alterary SS, El-Tohamy MF, Mostafa GAE, Alrabiah H. Atropine-Phosphotungestate Polymeric-Based Metal Oxide Nanoparticles for Potentiometric Detection in Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12132313. [PMID: 35808148 PMCID: PMC9268402 DOI: 10.3390/nano12132313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The new research presents highly conductive polymeric membranes with a large surface area to volume ratio of metal oxide nanoparticles that were used to determine atropine sulfate (AT) in commercial dosage forms. In sensing and biosensing applications, the nanomaterials zinc oxide (ZnONPs) and magnesium oxide (MgONPs) were employed as boosting potential electroactive materials. The electroactive atropine phosphotungstate (AT-PT) was created by combining atropine sulfate and phosphotungstic acid (PTA) and mixing it with polymeric polyvinyl chloride (PVC) with the plasticizer o-nitrophenyl octyl ether (o-NPOE). The modified sensors AT-PT-ZnONPs or AT-PT-MgONPs showed excellent selectivity and sensitivity for the measurements of atropine with a linear concentration range of 6.0 × 10−8 − 1.0 × 10−3 and 8.0 × 10−8 − 1.0 × 10−3 mol L−1 with regression equations of E(mV) = (56 ± 0.5) log [AT] − 294 and E(mV) = (54 ± 0.5) log [AT] − 422 for AT-PT-NPs or AT-PT-MgONPs sensors, respectively. The AT-PT coated wire sensor, on the other hand, showed a Nernstian response at 4.0 × 10−6 − 1.0 × 10−3 mol L−1 and a regression equation E(mV) = (52.1 ± 0.2) log [AT] + 198. The methodology-recommended guidelines were used to validate the suggested modified potentiometric systems against various criteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seham S. Alterary
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (S.S.A.); (M.F.E.-T.)
| | - Maha F. El-Tohamy
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 22452, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (S.S.A.); (M.F.E.-T.)
| | - Gamal A. E. Mostafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (G.A.E.M.); (H.A.)
| | - Haitham Alrabiah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
- Correspondence: (G.A.E.M.); (H.A.)
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Feng Y, Chen S, Li Z, Gu Z, Xu S, Ban X, Hong Y, Cheng L, Li C. A review of controlled release from cyclodextrins: release methods, release systems and application. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021:1-13. [PMID: 34797201 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.2007352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The controlled release of guest molecules from cyclodextrin (CD) inclusion complexes is very important for specific industrial applications in foods, medicine, cosmetics, textiles, agriculture, environmental protection, and chemical materials. The term "controlled release" encompasses several related methods, including those referred to as immediate release, sustained release and targeted release. Many different CD-based controlled release systems are currently used in practical applications. CD inclusion complexes, CD coupling, supramolecular hydrogels, and supramolecular micelles are among the most common. This review systematically introduces the principles and applications of CD-based controlled release systems, providing a theoretical basis for improving the bioavailability of effective substances and broadening their range of application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Feng
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuangdi Chen
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaofeng Li
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengbiao Gu
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Shude Xu
- Key Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Feed of Ministry of Agriculture, Key Laboratory of Mariculture of Ministry Education, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong VTR Bio-tech Co., Ltd, Zhuhai, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaofeng Ban
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Hong
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Cheng
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
| | - Caiming Li
- School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China.,State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China.,Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, People's Republic of China
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Native Cyclodextrins and Their Derivatives as Potential Additives for Food Packaging: A Review. POLYSACCHARIDES 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/polysaccharides2040050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyclodextrins (CDs) have been used by the pharmaceutical and food industries since the 1970s. Their cavities allow the accommodation of several hydrophobic molecules, leading to the formation of inclusion complexes (ICs) increasing the guest molecules’ stability, allowing their controlled release, enhancing their water solubility and biodisponibility. Due to these, CDs and their ICs have been proposed to be used as potential allies in food packaging, especially in active packaging. In this review, we present the many ways in which the CDs can be applied in food packaging, being incorporated into the polymer matrix or as a constituent of sachets and/or pads aiming for food preservation, as well as the diverse polymer matrices investigated. The different types of CDs, natives and derivatives, and the several types of compounds that can be used as guest molecules are also discussed.
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Mostafa AM, Barton SJ, Wren SP, Barker J. Review on molecularly imprinted polymers with a focus on their application to the analysis of protein biomarkers. Trends Analyt Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2021.116431] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Del Sole R, Mele G, Bloise E, Mergola L. Green Aspects in Molecularly Imprinted Polymers by Biomass Waste Utilization. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:2430. [PMID: 34372030 PMCID: PMC8348058 DOI: 10.3390/polym13152430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Molecular Imprinting Polymer (MIP) technology is a technique to design artificial receptors with a predetermined selectivity and specificity for a given analyte, which can be used as ideal materials in various application fields. In the last decades, MIP technology has gained much attention from the scientific world as summarized in several reviews with this topic. Furthermore, green synthesis in chemistry is nowadays one of the essential aspects to be taken into consideration in the development of novel products. In accordance with this feature, the MIP community more recently devoted considerable research and development efforts on eco-friendly processes. Among other materials, biomass waste, which is a big environmental problem because most of it is discarded, can represent a potential sustainable alternative source in green synthesis, which can be addressed to the production of high-value carbon-based materials with different applications. This review aims to focus and explore in detail the recent progress in the use of biomass waste for imprinted polymers preparation. Specifically, different types of biomass waste in MIP preparation will be exploited: chitosan, cellulose, activated carbon, carbon dots, cyclodextrins, and waste extracts, describing the approaches used in the synthesis of MIPs combined with biomass waste derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberta Del Sole
- Department of Engineering for Innovation, University of Salento, via per Monteroni Km1, 73100 Lecce, Italy; (G.M.); (E.B.); (L.M.)
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Liu R, Poma A. Advances in Molecularly Imprinted Polymers as Drug Delivery Systems. Molecules 2021; 26:3589. [PMID: 34208380 PMCID: PMC8231147 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26123589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Despite the tremendous efforts made in the past decades, severe side/toxic effects and poor bioavailability still represent the main challenges that hinder the clinical translation of drug molecules. This has turned the attention of investigators towards drug delivery vehicles that provide a localized and controlled drug delivery. Molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) as novel and versatile drug delivery vehicles have been widely studied in recent years due to the advantages of selective recognition, enhanced drug loading, sustained release, and robustness in harsh conditions. This review highlights the design and development of strategies undertaken for MIPs used as drug delivery vehicles involving different drug delivery mechanisms, such as rate-programmed, stimuli-responsive and active targeting, published during the course of the past five years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Liu
- UCL School of Pharmacy, 29–39 Brunswick Square, Bloomsbury, London WC1N 1AX, UK;
| | - Alessandro Poma
- Division of Biomaterials and Tissue Engineering, UCL Eastman Dental Institute, Royal Free Hospital, UCL Medical School, Rowland Hill Street, London NW3 2PF, UK
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Zhao X, Wang Y, Zhang P, Lu Z, Xiao Y. Recent Advances of Molecularly Imprinted Polymers Based on Cyclodextrin. Macromol Rapid Commun 2021; 42:e2100004. [PMID: 33749077 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202100004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Molecular imprinting polymers (MIPs), generally considered as artificial mimics that are comparable to natural receptor, are polymers with tailor-made specific recognition sites complementary to the template molecules in shape and size. As a class of supramolecular compounds, cyclodextrins (CDs) are flourishing in the field of molecular imprinting with their unique structural properties. This review presents recent advances in application of MIPs based on CDs during the past five years. The discussion is grouped according to the different role of CDs in MIPs, that is, functional monomer, carrier modifier, etc. Main focus is the application of CD-based MIP on sample preparation, detection, and sensing. Additionally, drug delivery with CD-based MIP is also briefly discussed. Finally, challenges and future prospects of application of CDs in MIP are elaborated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyue Zhao
- Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Functional Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Yong Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Department of Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Pan Zhang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science, Department of Chemistry, Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Zhemiao Lu
- Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Functional Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
| | - Yin Xiao
- Tianjin Engineering Research Center of Functional Fine Chemicals, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, 300072, P. R. China
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Choi SK. Nanomaterial-Enabled Sensors and Therapeutic Platforms for Reactive Organophosphates. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:224. [PMID: 33467113 PMCID: PMC7830340 DOI: 10.3390/nano11010224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Unintended exposure to harmful reactive organophosphates (OP), which comprise a group of nerve agents and agricultural pesticides, continues to pose a serious threat to human health and ecosystems due to their toxicity and prolonged stability. This underscores an unmet need for developing technologies that will allow sensitive OP detection, rapid decontamination and effective treatment of OP intoxication. Here, this article aims to review the status and prospect of emerging nanotechnologies and multifunctional nanomaterials that have shown considerable potential in advancing detection methods and treatment modalities. It begins with a brief introduction to OP types and their biochemical basis of toxicity followed by nanomaterial applications in two topical areas of primary interest. One topic relates to nanomaterial-based sensors which are applicable for OP detection and quantitative analysis by electrochemical, fluorescent, luminescent and spectrophotometric methods. The other topic is directed on nanotherapeutic platforms developed as OP remedies, which comprise nanocarriers for antidote drug delivery and nanoscavengers for OP inactivation and decontamination. In summary, this article addresses OP-responsive nanomaterials, their design concepts and growing impact on advancing our capability in the development of OP sensors, decontaminants and therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seok Ki Choi
- Michigan Nanotechnology Institute for Medicine and Biological Sciences, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA;
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
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Sanadgol N, Wackerlig J. Developments of Smart Drug-Delivery Systems Based on Magnetic Molecularly Imprinted Polymers for Targeted Cancer Therapy: A Short Review. Pharmaceutics 2020; 12:E831. [PMID: 32878127 PMCID: PMC7558192 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics12090831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 07/29/2020] [Accepted: 08/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer therapy is still a huge challenge, as especially chemotherapy shows several drawbacks like low specificity to tumor cells, rapid elimination of drugs, high toxicity and lack of aqueous solubility. The combination of molecular imprinting technology with magnetic nanoparticles provides a new class of smart hybrids, i.e., magnetic molecularly imprinted polymers (MMIPs) to overcome limitations in current cancer therapy. The application of these complexes is gaining more interest in therapy, due to their favorable properties, namely, the ability to be guided and to generate slight hyperthermia with an appropriate external magnetic field, alongside the high selectivity and loading capacity of imprinted polymers toward a template molecule. In cancer therapy, using the MMIPs as smart-drug-delivery robots can be a promising alternative to conventional direct administered chemotherapy, aiming to enhance drug accumulation/penetration into the tumors while fewer side effects on the other organs. Overview: In this review, we state the necessity of further studies to translate the anticancer drug-delivery systems into clinical applications with high efficiency. This work relates to the latest state of MMIPs as smart-drug-delivery systems aiming to be used in chemotherapy. The application of computational modeling toward selecting the optimum imprinting interaction partners is stated. The preparation methods employed in these works are summarized and their attainment in drug-loading capacity, release behavior and cytotoxicity toward cancer cells in the manner of in vitro and in vivo studies are stated. As an essential issue toward the development of a body-friendly system, the biocompatibility and toxicity of the developed drug-delivery systems are discussed. We conclude with the promising perspectives in this emerging field. Areas covered: Last ten years of publications (till June 2020) in magnetic molecularly imprinted polymeric nanoparticles for application as smart-drug-delivery systems in chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Judith Wackerlig
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria;
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