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Choe RH, Kuzemchak BC, Kotsanos GJ, Mirdamadi E, Sherry M, Devoy E, Lowe T, Packer JD, Fisher JP. Designing Biomimetic 3D-Printed Osteochondral Scaffolds for Enhanced Load-Bearing Capacity. Tissue Eng Part A 2024. [PMID: 38481121 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2023.0217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Osteoarthritis is a debilitating chronic joint disorder that affects millions of people worldwide. Since palliative and surgical treatments cannot completely regenerate hyaline cartilage within the articulating joint, osteochondral (OC) tissue engineering has been explored to heal OC defects. Utilizing computational simulations and three-dimensional (3D) printing, we aimed to build rationale around fabricating OC scaffolds with enhanced biomechanics. First, computational simulations revealed that interfacial fibrils within a bilayer alter OC scaffold deformation patterns by redirecting load-induced stresses toward the top of the cartilage layer. Principal component analysis revealed that scaffolds with 800 μm long fibrils (scaffolds 8A-8H) possessed optimal biomechanical properties to withstand compression and shear forces. While compression testing indicated that OC scaffolds with 800 μm fibrils did not have greater compressive moduli than other scaffolds, interfacial shear tests indicated that scaffold 8H possessed the greatest shear strength. Lastly, failure analysis demonstrated that yielding or buckling models describe interfacial fibril failure depending on fibril slenderness S. Specifically for scaffolds with packing density n = 6 and n = 8, the yielding failure model fits experimental loads with S < 10, while the buckling model fitted scaffolds with S < 10 slenderness. The research presented provides critical insights into designing 3D printed interfacial scaffolds with refined biomechanics toward improving OC tissue engineering outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert H Choe
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, College Park, Maryland, USA
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, Center for Engineering Complex Tissues, University of Maryland, College Park, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Blake C Kuzemchak
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, College Park, Maryland, USA
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, Center for Engineering Complex Tissues, University of Maryland, College Park, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - George J Kotsanos
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, College Park, Maryland, USA
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, Center for Engineering Complex Tissues, University of Maryland, College Park, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Eman Mirdamadi
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, College Park, Maryland, USA
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Mary Sherry
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, College Park, Maryland, USA
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, Center for Engineering Complex Tissues, University of Maryland, College Park, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Eoin Devoy
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, College Park, Maryland, USA
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, Center for Engineering Complex Tissues, University of Maryland, College Park, College Park, Maryland, USA
| | - Tao Lowe
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, College Park, Maryland, USA
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Maryland School of Dentistry, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Jonathan D Packer
- Department of Orthopedics, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - John P Fisher
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, University of Maryland, College Park, College Park, Maryland, USA
- Fischell Department of Bioengineering, Center for Engineering Complex Tissues, University of Maryland, College Park, College Park, Maryland, USA
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Bakeri H, Hasikin K, Abd Razak NA, Mohd Razman R, Khamis AA, Annuha M‘A, Tajuddin A, Reza D. Silicone Elastomeric-Based Materials of Soft Pneumatic Actuator for Lower-Limb Rehabilitation: Finite Element Modelling and Prototype Experimental Validation. APPLIED SCIENCES 2023; 13:2977. [DOI: 10.3390/app13052977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
This study describes the basic design, material selection, fabrication, and evaluation of soft pneumatic actuators (SPA) for lower-limb rehabilitation compression therapy. SPAs can be a promising technology in proactive pressure delivery, with a wide range of dosages for treating venous-related diseases. However, the most effective design and material selection of SPAs for dynamic pressure delivery have not been fully explored. Therefore, a SPA chamber with two elastomeric layers was developed for this study, with single-side inflation. The 3D deformation profiles of the SPA chamber using three different elastomeric rubbers were analyzed using the finite element method (FEM). The best SPA-compliant behavior was displayed by food-grade silicone A10 Shore with a maximum deformation value of 25.34 mm. Next, the SPA chamber was fabricated using A10 Shore silicone and experimentally validated. During the simulation in FEM, the air pressure was applied on the inner wall of the chamber (i.e., the affected area). This is to ensure the applied pressure was evenly distributed in the inner wall while the outer wall of the chamber remained undeformed for all compression levels. During the inflation process, pressure will be applied to the SPA chamber, causing exerted pressure on the skin which is then measured for comparison. The simulation and experimental results show an excellent agreement of pressure transmission on the skin for the pressure range of 0–120 mmHg, as depicted in the Bland–Altman plots. The findings exhibited promising results in the development of the SPA chamber using low-cost and biocompatible food-grade silicone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanisah Bakeri
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
- Medical Revolution Sdn. Bhd, 10 Boulevard, Petaling Jaya 47400, Malaysia
| | - Khairunnisa Hasikin
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
- Center of Intelligent Systems for Emerging Technology (CISET), Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Nasrul Anuar Abd Razak
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Rizal Mohd Razman
- Faculty of Sports and Exercise Science, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Abd Alghani Khamis
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Muhammad ‘Ammar Annuha
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Universiti Malaya, Kuala Lumpur 50603, Malaysia
| | - Abbad Tajuddin
- Medical Revolution Sdn. Bhd, 10 Boulevard, Petaling Jaya 47400, Malaysia
| | - Darween Reza
- My Conceptual Robotics Sdn. Bhd (MyCRO), Kompleks Diamond, Bandar Baru Bangi 43650, Malaysia
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Nandasiri GK, Shahidi AM, Dias T. Study of Three Interface Pressure Measurement Systems Used in the Treatment of Venous Disease. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 20:E5777. [PMID: 33053873 PMCID: PMC7600250 DOI: 10.3390/s20205777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2020] [Revised: 09/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The aim of the publication is to report the accuracy, repeatability and the linearity of three commercially available interface pressure measurement systems employed in the treatment of venous disease. The advances in the treatment and management of chronic venous disease by compression therapy have led to considerable research interest in interface pressure measurement systems capable of measuring low-pressure ranges (10-60 mmHg). The application of a graduated pressure profile is key for the treatment of chronic venous disease which is achieved by using compression bandages or stockings; the required pressure profiles are defined in standards (BSI, RAL-GZ, or AFNOR) for different conditions. However, achieving the recommended pressure levels and its accuracy is still deemed to be a challenge. Thus, it is vital to choose a suitable pressure measurement system with high accuracy of interface pressure. The authors investigated the sensing performance of three commercially available different pressure sensors: two pneumatic based (AMI and PicoPress®) and one piezoresistive (FlexiForce®) pressure sensors, with extensive experimental work on their performance in terms of linearity, repeatability, and accuracy. Both pneumatic based pressure measurement systems have shown higher accuracy in comparison to the flexible piezoresistive pressure sensors.
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