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Li Z, Luo X, Li Q, Jin Z, Naeem A, Zhu W, Chen L, Feng Y, Ming L. The Fabrication, Drug Loading, and Release Behavior of Porous Mannitol. Molecules 2024; 29:715. [PMID: 38338458 PMCID: PMC10856056 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29030715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Porous materials are widely used as an effective strategy for the solubilization of insoluble drugs. In order to improve the solubility and bioavailability of low water-solubility drugs, it is necessary to prepare porous materials. Mannitol is one of the most popular excipients in food and drug formulations. In this study, porous mannitol was investigated as a drug carrier for low water solubility drugs. Its fabrication, drug loading, and drug release mechanisms were investigated. Porous mannitol was fabricated using the co-spray-antisolvent process and utilizing polyvinylpyrrolidone K30 (PVP K30) as the template agent. Porous mannitol particles were prepared by changing the proportion of the template agent, spraying the particles with mannitol, and eluting with ethanol in order to regulate their pore structure. In subsequent studies, porous mannitol morphology and characteristics were determined systematically. Furthermore, curcumin and ibuprofen, two poorly water-soluble drugs, were loaded into porous mannitol, and their release profiles were analyzed. The results of the study indicated that porous mannitol can be prepared using PVP K30 as a template and that the amount of template agent can be adjusted in order to control the structure of the porous mannitol. When the template agent was added in amounts of 1%, 3%, and 5%, the mannitol pore size increased by 167.80%, 95.16%, and 163.98%, respectively, compared to raw mannitol. Molecular docking revealed that mannitol and drugs are adsorbents and adhere to each other by force interaction. The cumulative dissolution of curcumin and ibuprofen-loaded porous mannitol reached 69% and 70%, respectively. The release mechanism of curcumin and ibuprofen from drug-loaded mannitol was suitable for the Korsmeyer-Peppas kinetic model. In summary, the co-spray-antisolvent method proved effective in fabricating porous materials rapidly, and porous mannitol had a remarkable effect on drug solubilization. The results obtained are conducive to the development of porous materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhe Li
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM of Ministry of Education, Institute for Advanced Study, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China; (Z.L.); (X.L.); (Q.L.); (Z.J.); (A.N.); (W.Z.); (L.C.); (Y.F.)
| | - Xiaosui Luo
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM of Ministry of Education, Institute for Advanced Study, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China; (Z.L.); (X.L.); (Q.L.); (Z.J.); (A.N.); (W.Z.); (L.C.); (Y.F.)
| | - Qiong Li
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM of Ministry of Education, Institute for Advanced Study, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China; (Z.L.); (X.L.); (Q.L.); (Z.J.); (A.N.); (W.Z.); (L.C.); (Y.F.)
| | - Zhengji Jin
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM of Ministry of Education, Institute for Advanced Study, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China; (Z.L.); (X.L.); (Q.L.); (Z.J.); (A.N.); (W.Z.); (L.C.); (Y.F.)
| | - Abid Naeem
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM of Ministry of Education, Institute for Advanced Study, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China; (Z.L.); (X.L.); (Q.L.); (Z.J.); (A.N.); (W.Z.); (L.C.); (Y.F.)
| | - Weifeng Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM of Ministry of Education, Institute for Advanced Study, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China; (Z.L.); (X.L.); (Q.L.); (Z.J.); (A.N.); (W.Z.); (L.C.); (Y.F.)
| | - Lihua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM of Ministry of Education, Institute for Advanced Study, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China; (Z.L.); (X.L.); (Q.L.); (Z.J.); (A.N.); (W.Z.); (L.C.); (Y.F.)
| | - Yi Feng
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM of Ministry of Education, Institute for Advanced Study, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China; (Z.L.); (X.L.); (Q.L.); (Z.J.); (A.N.); (W.Z.); (L.C.); (Y.F.)
- Engineering Research Center of Modern Preparation Technology of TCM of Ministry of Education, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Liangshan Ming
- Key Laboratory of Modern Preparation of TCM of Ministry of Education, Institute for Advanced Study, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China; (Z.L.); (X.L.); (Q.L.); (Z.J.); (A.N.); (W.Z.); (L.C.); (Y.F.)
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Pereira JR, Rafael AM, Esmail A, Morais M, Matos M, Marques AC, Reis MAM, Freitas F. Preparation of Porous Scaffold Based on Poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) and FucoPol. Polymers (Basel) 2023; 15:2945. [PMID: 37447591 DOI: 10.3390/polym15132945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This work focused on the development of porous scaffolds based on biocomposites comprising two biodegradable and biocompatible biopolymers: a terpolyester, poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate-co-3-hydroxyhexanoate) (PHBHVHHx), and the bacterial polysaccharide FucoPol. The PHBHVHHx terpolymer was composed of 3-hydroxybutyrate (55 wt%), 3-hydroxyvalerate (21 wt%), and 3-hydroxyhexanoate (24 wt%). This hydrophobic polyester has low crystallinity and can form elastic and flexible films. Fucopol is a fucose-containing water-soluble polysaccharide that forms viscous solutions with shear thinning behavior and has demonstrated emulsion-forming and stabilizing capacity and wound healing ability. Emulsion-templating was used to fabricate PHA-based porous structures in which FucoPol acted as a bioemulsifier. Compared with the scaffolds obtained from emulsions with only water, the use of FucoPol aqueous solutions resulted in structures with improved mechanical properties, namely higher tensile strength (4.4 MPa) and a higher Young's Modulus (85 MPa), together with an elongation at break of 52%. These features, together with the scaffolds' high porosity and pore interconnectivity, suggest their potential to sustain cell adhesion and proliferation, which is further supported by FucoPol's demonstrated wound healing ability. Therefore, the developed PHBHVHHx:FucoPol scaffolds arise as innovative porous bioactive structures with great potential for use in tissue engineering applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- João Ricardo Pereira
- UCIBIO-Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Ana Margarida Rafael
- UCIBIO-Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Asiyah Esmail
- UCIBIO-Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Maria Morais
- CENIMAT/i3N, Materials Science Department, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Mariana Matos
- UCIBIO-Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Ana Carolina Marques
- CENIMAT/i3N, Materials Science Department, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Maria A M Reis
- UCIBIO-Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal
| | - Filomena Freitas
- UCIBIO-Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, Department of Chemistry, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal
- Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, NOVA School of Science and Technology, NOVA University Lisbon, 2819-516 Caparica, Portugal
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Rational Design of Self-Emulsifying Pellet Formulation of Thymol: Technology Development Guided by Molecular-Level Structure Characterization and Ex Vivo Testing. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14081545. [PMID: 35893801 PMCID: PMC9394426 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14081545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The growing need for processing natural lipophilic and often volatile substances such as thymol, a promising candidate for topical treatment of intestinal mucosa, led us to the utilization of solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (ss-NMR) spectroscopy for the rational design of enteric pellets with a thymol self-emulsifying system (SES). The SES (triacylglycerol, Labrasol®, and propylene glycol) provided a stable o/w emulsion with particle size between 1 and 7 µm. The ex vivo experiment confirmed the SES mucosal permeation and thymol delivery to enterocytes. Pellets W90 (MCC, Neusilin®US2, chitosan) were prepared using distilled water (90 g) by the M1−M3 extrusion/spheronisation methods varying in steps number and/or cumulative time. The pellets (705−740 µm) showed mostly comparable properties—zero friability, low intraparticular porosity (0−0.71%), and relatively high density (1.43−1.45%). They exhibited similar thymol release for 6 h (burst effect in 15th min ca. 60%), but its content increased (30−39.6 mg/g) with a shorter process time. The M3-W90 fluid-bed coated pellets (Eudragit®L) prevented undesirable thymol release in stomach conditions (<10% for 3 h). A detailed, ss-NMR investigation revealed structural differences across samples prepared by M1−M3 methods concerning system stability and internal interactions. The suggested formulation and methodology are promising for other lipophilic volatiles in treating intestinal diseases.
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Löffler RJG, Hanczyc MM, Gorecki J. A camphene-camphor-polymer composite material for the production of superhydrophobic absorbent microporous foams. Sci Rep 2022; 12:243. [PMID: 34997122 PMCID: PMC8741767 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-04240-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
In a recently published paper (doi.org/10.3390/molecules26113116) on self-propelled motion of objects on the water surface, we described a novel surface-active plastic material obtained by dissolution of camphor and polypropylene in camphene at 250 \documentclass[12pt]{minimal}
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\begin{document}$$^\circ$$\end{document}∘C. The material has wax-like mechanical properties, can be easily formed to any moldable shape, and allows for longer and more stable self-propelled motion if compared with pure camphor or pure camphene or of a camphene-camphor wax. Here we use scanning electron microscopy to visualize and characterize the microporous structure of the solid polypropylene foam formed in the plastic for different polypropylene contents. The topology of foams remaining in the material after camphor and camphene molecules have been removed through evaporation or dissolution is similar to polypropylene foams obtained using thermally-induced phase separation. We show that the foams have a superhydrophobic surface but strongly absorb non-polar liquids, and suggest an array of potential scientific and industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard J G Löffler
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224, Warsaw, Mazowieckie, Poland.,Laboratory for Artificial Biology, Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Polo Scientifico e Tecnologico Fabio Ferrari, Polo B, Via Sommarive 9, Povo, 38123, Trentino Alto-Adige, Italy
| | - Martin M Hanczyc
- Laboratory for Artificial Biology, Department of Cellular, Computational and Integrative Biology (CIBIO), University of Trento, Polo Scientifico e Tecnologico Fabio Ferrari, Polo B, Via Sommarive 9, Povo, 38123, Trentino Alto-Adige, Italy.,Farris Engineering Center, Chemical and Biological Engineering, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, 87106, USA
| | - Jerzy Gorecki
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224, Warsaw, Mazowieckie, Poland.
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Silva DF, Lima KT, Bastos GNT, Oliveira JAR, do Nascimento LAS, Costa CEF, Filho GNR, Concha VOC, Passos MF. PCL/Andiroba Oil ( Carapa guianensis Aubl.) Hybrid Film for Wound Healing Applications. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:1591. [PMID: 34069314 PMCID: PMC8157046 DOI: 10.3390/polym13101591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2021] [Accepted: 03/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Developing a biomimetic material to wound care is an emerging need for the healing process. Poly (ε-caprolactone) (PCL) is a polymer with the necessary dressing's requirements often used in medicine. Their surface, physic-chemical and biological properties can be modified by adding bioactive compounds, such as andiroba seed oil (Carapa guianensis). This Amazonian natural plant has medicinal and pharmacological properties. For this purpose, PCL polymeric films incorporated with andiroba oil were investigated. The synthesis of hybrids materials was carried out in the solvent casting method. Thermal properties were evaluated using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA/DTGA) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The solvent type on the surface and hydrophilicity of samples was studied using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Additionally, contact angle measurements, functional groups analysis, fluid absorption capacity, and cell viability were performed. The results demonstrated the influences of andiroba oil under the morphology and thermal properties of the polymeric matrix; the hydrophilicity of the hybrid film obtained by acetic acid was reduced by 13%; the porosity decreased as the concentration of oil increased, but its higher thermal stability. The L929 cell line's proliferation was observed in all materials, and it presented nontoxic nature. It was demonstrated the ability of PCL hybrid film as a matrix for cell growth. Then, the materials were proved potential candidates for biomedical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debora F. Silva
- Laboratory of Oils of the Amazon, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-750, PA, Brazil; (D.F.S.); (L.A.S.d.N.); (C.E.F.C.); (G.N.R.F.)
| | - Klinsmann T. Lima
- Laboratory of Neuroinflammation, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil; (K.T.L.); (G.N.T.B.)
| | - Gilmara N. T. Bastos
- Laboratory of Neuroinflammation, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, PA, Brazil; (K.T.L.); (G.N.T.B.)
| | | | - Luís Adriano S. do Nascimento
- Laboratory of Oils of the Amazon, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-750, PA, Brazil; (D.F.S.); (L.A.S.d.N.); (C.E.F.C.); (G.N.R.F.)
| | - Carlos Emmerson F. Costa
- Laboratory of Oils of the Amazon, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-750, PA, Brazil; (D.F.S.); (L.A.S.d.N.); (C.E.F.C.); (G.N.R.F.)
| | - Geraldo N. R. Filho
- Laboratory of Oils of the Amazon, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-750, PA, Brazil; (D.F.S.); (L.A.S.d.N.); (C.E.F.C.); (G.N.R.F.)
| | - Viktor O. C. Concha
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of São Paulo, Diadema 09913-030, SP, Brazil;
| | - Marcele F. Passos
- Laboratory of Oils of the Amazon, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-750, PA, Brazil; (D.F.S.); (L.A.S.d.N.); (C.E.F.C.); (G.N.R.F.)
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